Assignment

Course: compute architecture

Student’name : ibrahim Abdirashid ali
Lecturer: Ismail Yasin
ID- 2772
Deadline day: 27.4.2022

1. What is the core design?

A- In architecture, a core is a vertical space used for circulation and services. It may
also be referred to as a circulation core or service core. A core may include
staircases, elevators, electrical cables, water pipes and risers.
2- Memory system?
A- The memory system serves as the repository of information (data) in a computer
system. The processor (also called the central processing unit, or CPU) accesses
(reads or loads) data from the memory system, performs computations on them,
and stores (writes) them back to memory,
3. Near-Data Computing?
A - Near-data processing is a promising paradigm to address the bandwidth, latency, and
energy limitations in today's computer systems. In this work, we introduce an architecture that
enhances a contemporary multi-core CPU with new features for supporting a seamless
integration of near-data processing capabilities.
B- Accelerators?
An accelerator is a separate architectural substructure (on the same chip, or on a
different die) that is architected using a different set of objectives than the base
processor, where these objectives are derived from the needs of a special class of
applications.
4. Approximate Computing?
 Approximate Computing is being touted as a viable solution for high-performance
computation by relaxing the accuracy constraints of applications. This trend has
been accentuated by emerging data intensive applications in domains like
image/video processing, machine learning,
5. what are the advantages and disadvantages of isolated versus memory mapped i/o

.Isolated I/O .Memory

Mapped I/O

1. More efficient due to 1.Lesser

separate buses efficient

2. Larger in size due to 2.Smaller in

more buses size

3.Simpler logic
3. It is complex due to
is used as I/O
separate separate logic
is also treated
is used
as memory
to control both.
only.
6. What types of operations is DMA used to accelerate?
A. DMA can also be used for "memory to memory" copying or moving of data within
memory. DMA can offload expensive memory operations, such as large copies or
scatter-gather operations, from the CPU to a dedicated DMA engine. An implementation
example is the I/O Acceleration Technology.
7. Describe the scenarios in which a synchronous bus would outperform an asynchronous bus
and vice versa?
A. n synchronous bus works at a fixed clock rate whereas an asynchronous bus data transfer
is not dependent on a fixed clock. Asynchronous buses take their timings from the devices
involved in the data transfer (that is, the processor or system clock).
8. What is the difference between Asynchronous Buses and Synchronous buses?
A. Asynchronous communication means interaction without real-time conversation —
replies can be delayed. A great example is email. In this approach, people aren't
scheduling meetings and responses are less time-sensitive.
B. Synchronous communication takes place in real-time between two or more people. All
parties are online at the same time. When a message or request is sent, there’s an
immediate response.