Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region I
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ILOCOS NORTE

Science 8
Quarter 3 – Module 4:
The Periodic Table of Elements

MELC 4: Use the Periodic table to predict the

chemical behavior of an element. (S8mT-IlIi-j-12)

Prepared by:

JAZZY MAE BARAOIDAN CARIAGA

Teacher III
Solsona National High School

1
Science – Grade 8
Quarter 3 – Module __: Use the Periodic table to predict the chemical behavior
of an element.
First Edition, 2020

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authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Jazzy Mae Baraoidan Cariaga
Editor: Manuel M. Pichar Jr. , Sheryle H. Valiente
Reviewers/Evaluators: Jovy O. Joaquin, Jerry G. Tabrilla, Ursino C. Pascua
Illustrators:
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Joann A. Corpuz EdD, CESO V
Joye D. Madalipay EdD
Santiago L. Baoec EdD
Jenetrix T. Tumaneng
Jerry G. Tabrilla
Ursino C. Pascua

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte

Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos
Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: ilocosnorte@deped.gov.ph

2
 8

SCIENCE
Quarter 3 – Module 4:
The Periodic Table of Elements

3
4
Introductory Message
For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 8 Module on the Periodic Table of Elements as an

organizing tool to determine the chemical properties of elements. This module was
collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators both from public
and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in helping the
learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their
personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also
aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Note to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that will help you
in guiding the learners

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and
assist the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the learner:

Welcome to the Science 8 Module on the periodic table of elements as an

organizing tool to determine the chemical properties of elements. This module was
designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided and
independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need This will give you an idea of the skills or competencies you
to Know are expected to learn in the module.

This part includes an activity that aims to check what you

What I Know already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

5
 This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current
What’s In
lesson with the previous one.

In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you in

Whats New various ways such as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.

This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson. This

What is it aims to help you discover and understand new concepts
and skills.

This comprises activities for independent practice to

What’s More solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You
may check the answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

What I have This includes questions or blank sentence/paragraph to

Learned be filled in to process what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can This section provides an activity which will help you
Do transfer your new knowledge or skill into real life
situations or concerns.

This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of mastery

Assessment in achieving the learning competency.

Additional In this portion, another activity will be given to you to

Activities enrich your knowledge or skill of the lesson learned.

This contains answers to all activities in the module.

Answer Key

At the end of this module you will also find:

This is a list of all sources used in developing this
References module.

6
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not
alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the the periodic table of elements as an organizing tool to determine the
chemical properties of elements. The scope of this module permits it to be used in
many different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the standard
sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to
correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module covers:

 Lesson 1 – The periodic table of elements as an organizing tool to determine
the chemical properties of elements.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

Explain how to use the periodic table to predict the chemical behavior of an
element.

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 What I Know
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your
answers on your answer sheet.
1. The arrangement of chemical elements that is very helpful tool for
determining chemical properties refers to
A. Periodical C. Periodic Law
B. Periodic Group D. Periodic Table
2. Elements in a family have similar
A. atomic symbols C. atomic weights
B. atomic sizes D. chemical properties.
3. In the modern periodic table, the elements are arranged according to
A. electron structure C. symbols
B. atomic number D. reactivity.
4. A horizontal row of elements in The Periodic Table is known as a
A. Period B. Group C. Family D. Octave
5. What decreases among the elements from left to right along Period 2?
A. Ionization Energy C. Metallic Property
B. Atomic Mass D. Nonmetallic Property
6. In Mendeleev’s periodic table, elements in each column have similar
A. atomic mass C. atomic numbers
B. properties D. symbols.

7. A vertical row of elements in The Periodic Table is known as a

A. Period B. Series C. Family D. Octave
8. Which refers to the ability of an atom in a compound to attract electrons
towards itself?
A. Ionic Radius C. Ionization energy
B. Electronegativity D. Electron
9. Which is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from a
neutral atom in its gaseous state?
A. Ionic Radius C. Ionization energy
B. Electronegativity D. Electron
10. What property of an element refers to its ability to gain electrons?

A. Metallic Property C. Ionization Property

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 B. Nonmetallic Property D. Relativity property

Check your answers with the answer key, then proceed to What’s In!

Lesso
The Periodic Table of
n
Elements
1

What’s In
Activity 1: Label Me!
Direction: The entries in a periodic table are written to provide a lot of information about
each of the elements. Use the terms written in the boxes below to label the parts of the picture
of the entry for Calcium. Write your answer on the space provided.

atomic mass atomic number element's symbol

element's name symbol for outer Number of electrons in outer
electron shell electron shell

Activity sheet delevoped by Ms. Nicole Calidro

If you got all answers correctly, very good. You can proceed now to the next
activity.

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 Note the Teachers
The teacher must consider the prerequisite skills needed in the
development of this competency including the schema or background
knowledge which may reinforce learning. This module will help the learners
bridge the gap of learning to attain mastery of the lesson in its spiral
progression.

What is New
Activity 2. Lets Trace the History
Direction: Encircle the names of the scientist listed below who made
contributions in the development of the Periodic Table of elements. You may
find them vertically, horizontally, or diagonally. Tell their contributions after
finding them.
Q W E R T Y U I O M D F G J B
G H J K T U A O D E F D S A E
A N A S D G Y U F N S D F H R
S G E Q W R B N V D R T Y U Z
R W J W Q D F J G E R H R Q E
E E D V L A E D H L V B E W L
I T S K A A A S T E K L Y E I
S U V Y N G N V Y E Y U E T U
I G D O Q L Q D U V O P M U S
O J F S H I H F Q A S D F G H
V M G S Y U Y G F D S D C J G
A H Y V L S L Y H C V B N M H
L K O K D H D O C K K L F H Y
S G A W Q W G V B A E O K L
R E I N I E R E B O D A S D

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 1. Newlands 2. Mendeleev 3. Meyer 4.
Berzelius 5. Lavoisier 6. Dobereinier 7.
Moseley

The periodic table is an arrangement of chemical elements that is very

helpful tool for determining their chemical properties because the usefulness
of the elements to us depends on those properties.
Chemist discovered that the chemical properties of elements depends on
the outermost electrons (or valence electrons) in the atom. The periodic table
also summarizes the relationship between elements. It is a product of years
of studies made by several scientists who tried to understand and categorize
elements. The development of the periodic table is the scientific method at
work.
The following shows the timeline of the periodic table.
1828 – JÖns Jakob Berzelius developed a table of atomic weights and
introduced letters to symbolize elements.
1828- Johann Dobereiner developed groups of three elements he called
triads.
1863 – John Newlands observed that, if elements were arranged according
to increasing atomic mass, similar properties would repeat every eighth
element. He called this the law of octaves.
1869- Dmitri Mendeleev and Julius Lothar Meyer independently proposed
the periodic law: if the elements were arranged based on increasing atomic
mass, elements with similar properties would occur periodically, or at
regular intervals.
1913- Henry Moseley discovered that atomic number closely corresponds to
the nuclear charge of an atom and restated the periodic law: When the
elements are arranged in the order of increasing atomic number, elements
with similar properties appear at periodic intervals.
Our present periodic table are now constructed using atomic number as the
basis of arranging the elements and the periodic law being stated as, the
physical and chemical properties of the elements are periodic functions of
their atomic number. This periodic and chemical properties of the elements
are periodic functions of their atomic numbers. This periodic recurrence of
properties is emphasized by arranging the elements in a table such that
elements with similar properties are aligned in a vertical column. This
arrangement is called the Periodic Table.

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 What is It

The Organization of the Periodic Table

After a series of revisions, the early periodic table was evolved into what it is
now. By looking at the modern periodic table, we can see that the elements
are arranged horizontally in order of increasing atomic numbers. Each
element is identified by its symbols placed at the middle of the square; the
atomic number and atomic mass is also included.
The periodic table is composed of seven horizontal rows called PERIODS,
which are numbered consecutively from 1 to 7, The vertical columns are
also called GROUPS or families. The elements in each column have similar
chemical properties due to their similarities in the number of electrons in
their outer shells or in their highest principal energy level.
The periodic table has 18 vertical columns. The elements in a group are also
classified into two categories, such as Family A or the representative
elements , and family B or the transition metals.
The names of some common groups and their locations in the periodic table
are as follows: the alkali metals form Group 1 (except for Hydrogen) ;
Alkaline Earth Metals form Group 2 ; the Chalcogens form Group 16; the
halogens form group 17; and Noble or inert gases form group 18.
Group 13-15 have no special names, they are named after the first element
found in each of the mentioned columns.
Elements from Groups 3-12 with atomic numbers 21-48 are the transition
metals while the two periods that are found below the periodic table are the
lanthanides, period 6, and actinides from period 7.
Groups 1, 2, 13 to 18 are called the representative or main group elements.
The Periodic table can be subdivided into different blocks . the elements in
each blocks are also categorized as representative or main group elements,
transition elements and inner transition elements.

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 Activity 3. Know me More!

v
v

Using the given periodic table answer the following questions:

1.Circle of the element that is a metalloid.

Argon
Germanium
Bismuth
Zinc
Hydrogen

2.Circle the element that is not a transition metal.

Osmium
Titanium
Gold
Radon
Copper
3.Circle all the representative elements.
Sulfur
Cerium
Sodium
Aluminum
Iron
4.Circle the inner transition metal.
Nitrogen
Hassium
Californium
Mercury

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 Lithium

5-6. There are _________ groups and _________ periods in the periodic
table.
7. Chlorine has __________valence electrons
8.Groups 3– 12 are called the__________metals.
9. The symbol of the element located in the 3rd period and group 13 is
_______.
10. The name of the element that is found along the 5th period and group 11
is _____________.

Periodic Properties of Elements

The Periodic law states that properties of elements repeat periodically when
arranged by increasing atomic number.

ATOMIC RADIUS
- from left to right across the period DECREASES, this is because
within a period, all electrons are being added to the same energy
level at the same time.
- Atomic Radius INCREASES from top to bottom within a group. As
you go down, valence electrons occupy high energy levels.

IONIZATION ENERGY
- Is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from
a neutral atom in its gaseous state.
- Ionization energy from top to bottom within a group is
DECREASING.

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 - The ionization energy from left to right within a period is
INCREASING.

ELECTRON AFFINITY
- Describes the ability of an atom to accept an electron. It is
the energy released when gaseous atom gains an electron.
- from left to right across a period electron affinity INCREASES
- going from top to bottom within a group electron affinity
generally DECREASES.

ATOMIC SIZE OR ATOMIC RADIUS, METALLIC AND NONMETALLIC PROPERTIES

ATOMIC SIZE OR ATOMIC RADIUS

- Is the radius of an atom.

METALLIC PROPERTY of an element
- is related to its ability to lose an electron
*DECREASES from left to right across a period because
atomic radius decreases
* INCREASES from top to bottom within a group because
atomic radius increases
NONMETALLIC PROPERTY of an element
- is related to its ability to gain electrons
*INCREASES from left to right across a period because
atomic radius decreases
* DECREASES from top to bottom within a group because
atomic radius increases.

ELECTRONEGATIVITY
- Refers to the ability of an atom in a compound to attract
electrons towards itself.
- Dependent on the electronic configuration of the atom.
- INCREASES as you go from left to right across a period
- DECREASES as you go from top to bottom within a group.

Activity 4: Which is which

Direction: Circle the best choice in each list:
(a) highest first ionization energy: C, N, Si
(b) largest radius: S, Cl, F
(c) highest electronegativity: As, Sn, S
(d) smallest atom: Na, Li, Be
(e) largest atom: Fe, Co, Ni
(f) lowest first ionization energy: K, Na, Ca
(g) highest second ionization energy: Na, Mg, Al
(h) lowest second ionization energy: Ar, K, Ca

15
 What’s More

Activity 5:Puzzle Time!

Direction: The location of an element in the periodic table can give information about its
properties. Provide the letter of the element in the table above that best fits the description
below. (Note that the letters are not the symbols for the elements). Each answer may be used
only once.

Description Letter of the correct answer

1 A semimetal
2 An inner transition element
3 Has oxidation numbers of +1 and -1
4 Most commonly has an oxidation state of -2.
5 The alkali metal
6 The alkaline earth metal
7 This is an active nonmetal
8 This is an inert gas
9 This metal has an oxidation number of +3
10 This metal has more than one oxidation state
Activity sheet delevoped by Mr. Nicole Calidro

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 What I have Learned

Direction: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer, choose your
answer from the given choices inside the parenthesis.

1. Electronegativity _____________ as you go from left to right across a

period. (Decreases, Increases)
2. Nonmetallic Property of an element ___________ from top to bottom
within a group because atomic radius increases. (Decreases,
Increases)
3. Ionization energy _____________ from top to bottom within a group.
(Decreases, Increases)
4. The ionization energy _________from left to right within a period.
(Decreases, Increases)
5. The ____________ states that properties of elements repeat
periodically when arranged by increasing atomic number. (Periodic
Law, Periodic Table)
6. Atomic Radius _____________ from top to bottom within a group. As
you go down, valence electrons occupy high energy levels.
(Decreases, Increases)
7. Horizontal rows in the periodic table is called ______________,
(Periods , Groups )
8. Vertical lines in the periodic table is called ______________,
(Periods , Groups )

What I Can Do
Identify which element is most reactive. Write your answer on the space provided.
Number Element 1 Versus Element 2 Winner for being a
(Vs) more reactive
element
1 Magnesium Vs Hydrogen
2 Lead Vs Zinc

3 Potassium Vs Gold
4 Carbon Vs Calcium

5 Hydrogen Vs Aluminun

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 6 Sodium Vs Magnesium

7 Gold Vs Platinum
8 Zinc Vs Iron

9 Calcium Vs Silver
10 Iron Vs Tin
Activity sheet delevoped by Ms. Nicole Calidro

Assessment

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your answers on
your answer sheet.

1. In the modern periodic table, the elements are arranged according to

A. electron structure C. symbols
B. atomic number D. reactivity.

2. The arrangement of chemical elements that is very helpful tool for

determining chemical properties refers to
A. Periodical C. Periodic Law
B. Periodic Group D. Periodic Table
3. Elements in a family have similar

A. atomic symbols. C. atomic weights.

B. atomic sizes. D. chemical properties.

4. A horizontal row of elements in The Periodic Table is known as a

A. Period B. Group C. Family D. Octave

5. In Mendeleev’s periodic table, elements in each column have a similar

A. Atomic Mass B. Properties C. Atomic numbers D. Symbols

6. What decreases among the elements from left to right along Period 2?
A. Ionization Energy C. Metallic Property
B. Atomic Mass D. Nonmetallic Property

7. A vertical row of elements in The Periodic Table is known as a

A. Period B. Series C. Family D. Octave

18
8. Which refers to the ability of an atom in a compound to attract electrons
towards itself?
A. Ionic Radius C. Ionization energy
B. Electronegativity D. Electron.
9. Which is the amount of energy required to remove an electron from a
neutral atom in its gaseous state?
A. Ionic Radius C. Ionization energy
B. Electronegativity D. Electron
10. What property of an element refers to its ability to gain electrons?

A. Metallic Property C. Ionization Property

B. Nonmetallic Property D. Relativity property

Additional Activities

Study the pictures and identify the element/s present in each product and write its atomic
number.
Product Element/s Atomic Number

19
 Activity sheet delevoped by Ms. Nicole Calidro

Answer Key

20
What I know Activity 4: Which is which What I Can Do
1. B a. SI
2. B 1. Magnesium
3. B b. Cl 2. Zinc
3. Potassium
4. A c. S 4. Calcium
5. C 5. Aluminum
6. B d. Be 6. Sodium
7. Gold
7. C
e. Fe 8. Zinc
8. B 9. Calcium
9. C f. K 10. Iron
10.B Assessment
What’s In g. Mg 1. B
h. Ca 2. B
3. B
4. A
5. B
What’s More
Activity 5: Solve Me!
6. C
1. B 6. F 7. C
What is it 8. B
2. C 7. H
Activity 3: Know me More 9. C
1. Germanium 3. I 8. A 10.B
2. Radon 4. G 9. J Additional Activity
3. Sodium
4. Californium 5. C 10. E Title of the Activity: Identifying
5. 18 What I Have Learned elements present in common
products inside the house
6. 7 1. Increases
2. Decreases
7. 7 3. Decreases Element Atomic
8. Transition 4. Increases number
9. Aluminum 5. Periodic Law
Phosphorus 15
6. Increases
10. Silver 7. Periods
Iron 26
8. Groups
Sodium 11

Copper 29

Tin 50

References
Printed Materials:
Rabago ,Lilia M.et.al. Science and Technology Kto12 8. 2014, .Vibal
Publishing House. Inc. 2014

21
Corcino, Karrie Kea L, Ma. Thessa G. Slvador and Zxian Denell T. Cruz,.
Scine for Millenials Grade 8. 2018, .SALINLAHI Publishing House. Inc.
2018
Department of Education, Science - Grade 8 Learner’s Module, First
Edition 2015.
Religioso, Teresita F., Genevieve Darvin- Faraon, Delia Coordero
Navaza and Lilia G. Vengco., You and the Natural World Science 8 .
Science and Technology Textbook for Grade 8 . Reprinted 2006,2009.
Phoenix Publishing House , Inc. 1989
Electronic Sources
https://www.google.com/search?
q=quantum+atomic+model+picture&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwiZ3bmGqZr
tAhVbwIsBHeqCD7gQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=quantum+atomic+model+picture&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQ
A1C4igJYsbwCYIXbAmgAcAB4AIABAIgBAJIBAJgBBKABAaoBC2d3cy1
3aXotaW1nwAEB&sclient=img&ei=9Yi8X9mOCNuAr7wP6oW-
wAs&bih=593&biw=1122&rlz=1C1PRFI_enPH825PH845#imgrc=obQUd
eA8hc3RMM&imgdii=ed01V8wPAcyASM
https://www.google.com/search?
q=bhor+model+picture&tbm=isch&ved=2ahUKEwjhoJmdqZrtAhVOAZQK
HdO5AwwQ2-
cCegQIABAA&oq=bhor+model+picture&gs_lcp=CgNpbWcQAzoCCAA6B
ggAEAcQHlDYwRpYjusaYNv4GmgAcAB4AIAB6QGIAeIJkgEFMy41LjGY
AQCgAQGqAQtnd3Mtd2l6LWltZ8ABAQ&sclient=img&ei=JIm8X-H-
Ms6C0ATT845g&bih=593&biw=1122&rlz=1C1PRFI_enPH825PH845#im
grc=JeHJQrytXRQMGM

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For inquiries and feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division of Ilocos Norte – Curriculum Implementation Division

Learning Resource Management Section (SDOIN-CID LRMS)

Office Address: Brgy. 7B, Giron Street, Laoag City, Ilocos Norte
Telefax: (077) 771-0960
Telephone No.: (077) 770-5963, (077) 600-2605
E-mail Address: ilocosnorte@deped.gov.ph

23