ST. CECILIA’S COLLEGE-CEBU, INC.

A LASSO Supervised School

Poblacion, Minglanilla, Cebu
SY 2021-2022
Second Semester

MATH 106 MODERN GEOMETRY

TORREON, CINDY B. BSED MATH 2ND YEAR

Student Name Course/Year/Section

KLEIN BOTTLE

A Klein Bottle is a two-dimensional manifold in mathematics that, despite appearing like

an ordinary bottle, is actually completely closed and completely open at the same time. The
Klein Bottle, which can be represented in three dimensions with self-intersection, is a four-
dimensional object with no intersection of material. A Klein bottle is a three-dimensional
version of a mobius strip.

The Klein bottle has another property. It is non-orientable, just like Projective Planes.
Mathematicians like to classify surfaces (meaning they try to understand what are all the
possible 2-dimensional surfaces). The Klein bottle is described as a non-orientable surface
because if a symbol is attached to the surface, it can slide in such a way that it can return to
the same position as a mirror image.

In topology, a branch of mathematics, klein bottle is an example of a non-orientable

surface. It is a two-dimensional manifold for which a system cannot be consistently defined
to determine the normal vectors. Informally, it is a single-sided surface that, if passed over,
can be followed back to the origin as the traveler turns around.

The Klein bottle itself is not crossed. However, there is a way to visualize the contained
Klein bottle in four dimensions. Self-intersections can be removed by adding a fourth
dimension in three-dimensional space. Gently push a section of tube containing the
intersection out of the original 3D space along the fourth dimension. A useful analogy is to
consider a curve intersecting a plane. Self-intersections can be removed by lifting the
threads off the plane.

The Klein bottle was discovered in 1882 by Felix Klein and since then has joined the gallery
of popular mathematical shapes known to the general public outside the “ivory tower”.
The bottle is a one-sided surface – like the well-known Möbius band – but is even more
fascinating, since it is closed and has no border and neither an enclosed interior nor
exterior. Following Klein we use visual models to study this surface.

The discovery of a Klein bottle shape in the database of natural images, intriguing enough
in itself, may provide a short cut to new mathematical discoveries and technological
advances.