QUARTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON - WEEK 3

ACTIVITY: LET’S APPLY
Methods of Main How can you find truth On what real-life situation
Philosophizing Proponent(s) using this method? can you apply this method?
1. Dialectic Socrates, You can find the truth A dialectic is when two
George using dialectic method by seemingly conflicting things
Wilhelm Hegel stating a thesis, are true at the same time.
developing a contradictory For example, “It’s snowing
antithesis, and combining and it is spring”.  You might
and resolving them into a also see dialectics when in
coherent synthesis the conflict with other people. I
investigation of this like to think of it as having an
process. elephant in the room with
two blindfolded people on
opposite ends of the
elephant. If one person
describes the elephant as
being like a large snake after
touching its trunk and the
other describes it as being
like a rope after touching its
tail, both descriptions are
true and each person holds a
portion of “the truth”. 
2. Pragmatic Charles Pragmatic theories of We can apply pragmatic
Sanders Peirce, truth can be viewed method in life situations by
William James, as making contributions to preventing procrastination
and John the speech-act and and stress and understanding
Dewey justification projects by that Worrying about a due
focusing especially on the date does not help and so
practices people engage in instead of worrying, one
when they solve problems, should complete whatever
make assertions, and needs to be done and
conduct scientific inquiry. understand that while one is
working on something, there
is no reason to worry.
3. Phenomenologica Edmund To know the truth, we Phenomenology is the
l Husserl, have to put aside one by philosophical study of
Maurice one all our limiting beliefs observed unusual people or
Merleau-Ponty, about the world which events as they appear
Martin represents our biases. without any further study or
Heidigger, and explanation. We can apply
Jean-Paul phenomenology method in
Sartre studying the green flash that
sometimes happens just
after sunset or just before

4. Primary and Gabriel Marcel Primary reflection
Secondary examines its object
by abstraction, by
analytically breaking it
down into its constituent
parts. It is concerned with
definitions, essences and
technical solutions to
problems. In contrast,
secondary reflection is
synthetic; it unifies rather
than divides. “Roughly, we
can say that where
primary reflection tends to
dissolve the unity of
experience which is first
put before it, the function
of secondary reflection is
essentially recuperative;
it reconquers that unity
5. Analytic George Edward To know
Moore, an analytic proposition is
Bertrand true, one need merely
Russel, Ludwig examines the concept of
Wittgenstein the subject. If one finds
the predicate contained in
the subject, the judgment
is true.
sunrise.
I can apply this method when
I’m being disappointed to
someone for something that
they did and then,
remembering a memory
where I have done a similar
thing. Being disappointed to
someone was the break from
normal everyday life because
disappointments only
happen when your
expectations do not meet
with the reality. This has led
to the question of who I
really am because I am
disappointed at someone
who was exactly just like me
before. I am not the man
who I really thought I was
anymore. This conclusion
comes from the reflection for
oneself where one explores
deeply into the meaning of
one phenomenon. The
reflection can leave me in
anguish but I am liberated.
You can apply
analytical method in just
about every situation, such
as developing or improving
programs or products,
relational issues, processes,
identifying audience and
client needs and more.