\\~R-~..s~~ ' 'Ьм"Ј < L.

G~ ~
\..]~~ \) ' \..).... ~ ,\... '

~ ~ \L--C.:,i.., t- ~\\U \....""( ~т-

I
UNIVERZITET U BANJOJ LUCI
RUDARSKIFAKULTET

Dr Srdan Kostic

GEOMEHAN I KA
-skгipta-

..{ ·

Prijedor, 2015.g.
SADRZAJ:

·1. Uvod.-..-....... .- ................ .-....- ......... -....... ,................. .- .. -..,,, ..... "····-••·· ··········· •··· ···· ·········· ·· Ј

2. Bocni pritisci tla.._....... ~ ,; , ... .-,~ .;.-, .._.",;,,; ·:~ ·~ ~ · · ···~;_. ._ . _. _ , _,_.,.,, .. ~ ~ .,,;....-.,_.'•· ·• ,,_..._._··-'· •.••... ,.,.• ,_.. _. .. ,.... 2

З ..Aп.alizast(lbilnostipa(jiфl} kosiцa·;~; ........ :•...._.-_.;_ .~ ..._ ;, ..__. ,._,... ,, ;...~.-._. : . ;; ... :· ... ;~ . ;о ....•.... ;8
~ Opste.o procesu klizenja џ odtqnjavaпja .. ,,... ,........ ~ ... .,...... .:.,., ...... ,.. , ........ ... , ... 8
"' Pojam faktora siguпюs,ti ........ ,,.... ~ ........... _,.........................._.... ,.,_., .............._" .. ,.. 16
- Metode gгaпicri~тavnoteze., ............ _....... ,......._._ ...... "._..._,._.,........ " ........................ 17
- Metode 1aJnela ............... ..... _.-._..-......_........ _.................. _,......... -,, ......_... ,,......... _............. 20
- Metoda.- Felenijusa........... _..................._.............._..............._....._... ............_..... ............ 21
-·'
- Uproscena в ·v
-1sopova .
n1eto dа ... _........ .- ........ .-.-.....-........................ _.. ..-...................... 23 .
.,. Speп.serova. me.toda ............. .--.... .- ..... -.............. -....... .-........................-..... .......-..... -.-...... 24--
" Uргоsсепа metoda ЈапЬuа .............................................................. ........ .- .. .- .... :.... 26
- Metoda Karteгa ..-. .-......... .;.......,,..,. ,.•,.. ,.....-,..-.. ,." ... -..... .. .... .... .- ...... ,-;,, ;·.- ........-..... ;; ... .-.... 27
- Metoda Morgeпsterп-Prajsa,., . .- •... ,.. .- .... ,., .... ...... ".- .... _.. .- ..... .-.-.,_ .... ~ ..·.;,·.. ,......... ,.....• 29
- Opsta rii~todagrю}icпe гavпoteze._............-......,. ... ,;._,...•. .- ...•,,,,. _,.,, ..... "·· ·•···············• 29
- Lьveovagraficka т·etoda ........._..•. ,•.•;... ,•..•. , ~ .... ~.,, .• ..,, .... ;_,,_ .. ,.,, ,:•...•. ,,, ... ;..... ... . ;... , 30
- Arializa $tabЏщ)sti _ kosipaц cvt·stimsten~kim . inas.;;tmCJ.~ ·'····-· :• .. ·-·-'·•;.. .- ..•..... ;..... ;, 31
- Odredivanje po1Ьzajakгiticдih l<Гuzriih kliihih poY_rsi .................. ~ .......... ,........ 32
- Aнaliza ~tabllnostihoш()g'eпih kosiha korisceJtieJn dijagral'na stabllnosti .... 34.
- Kt·iteгijщni u.s vajanja faktoгa sigu.rrtosti radпih etazai zavrsi1ih kosina kopa.. 40
"Stabilпost iпdustrijskihodlagalista .............. ,................. , ........................... ....... 42 .

4. Naprezanje u . tlu od dodatnog optereceпja п.а povгsiпi tехепа........................... 45

:- Postupak s~tajnbгenera ..... -...............-......._....... _........................._..._......... -........... .......... 4.6·
- Postupak Капiја..... ;....... -.................... .... .- ..... ;.- ..... ·. ;.........-..-..... .-~ .•. .- ................... -.... .- .• -47
- Postupak Njнmarka ......... -.-.....,.-....... ,....... .-.-.. .-.-...-..-,...-.-... ;..... ,.-.• -... ...... .. -....... ,-............. 48
- Raspt'ostil-anjenap•·ezaпj~ ujlu ispod pagera,; . ~· ·· -·· ··: · :··, .:;~ -· - · -~··; ...... ;,,·;,1,, ........ , ... _, 49

5. NqsiVost t1a- plit:](d fuцdJгat1je_.; .... , ..... ,.. ,; ;._,y_;.; ; . , . •.; •..• • : ·~; .._A;,, _,,, .;. ,,, •. ; •.. ~· ~ ···;,; ; . ; ._,~ . 51
.-. J\1.et6da _ Teгcagija_. _ ;_ . .-._.._..._.•.... ..._._,..... ,_..•......... ._.••. _. ... . . ~ •... .. -..._._,_.-.. ,-.,_. .._. .-.- ... ,._. .- .... .- .._,..... .- ._. 52
·- Metoda BrШ9~Hal}s·enk ....._.. .......... _._"........ ,............... ,.......... ,.....,....................... 53
.;. P.r<ivilnik о tehbiGkiщтlorma.Цyiцl~zatёiџe1j~nj~. giaД~vinskiћ. objeJ<~ta,. .. .. 5.4

6. Nosivost tla- duboko ЉпdirапЈе .........................., ............................................. . 57

-·:; Metoda,'·B-rinб;_Hanse.na.·....... .... :...._,.._. ............._............................................................... 57
--Metoda.MЩerhofa; ...._.-,.. _.................._..- ............. ...... _ -...... ....... _...•-... ,-............... .. ..._•. ...... 57
~ Pravilnik .o teћni6kiш• iюпnatlvimazatetлeljenje · gracfevinskih objekata..... 58
 - Metoda probnogoptereceпja ............................................................................ 60

7. Siegarue ·tet·ena............................... ·......,........... ,. ,, ....... ................................. . ..... .. .... ....61

- Sleganje terena u glitlovitoшtlu~., ............................... "··· ·; ...•• ,......................... 61
- Sieganje tet·ena . ч peskovitoш t1u '+• ·;•, ~.·~···; 7 ,.,.~,:~~· .· ···· ..:~~i'·· ~ '~: 7 •y···········~···········~·· 63
- Uticaj podzetnnЉ !·щlоу?Јщ slegaпjarщ p()vrsini t~rena .... ,...... .-......... :.. ;....... 65
- Те<хјја Ko,valcik(l; .. ~ . ,•.. .,.: ..;.,.;;, .. ,... ,,,...i··.·······'·······'···'·;···········:'-······'···'············67
- Teorija Bцdrika i Kr1U.tea.,1 .. ,: ........... , . ........ . .............. , .......... ,.,, .........................70

8. Rasporednapona.oko p<JdieШI1e pi"pstorije~ ................ " ........ ,.. ,.......................... 77

- Naponi oko q}<rщ kruznogpoprecпog pt~eseka .................. ,............................. 77
- Naponi okohodnikakrџzпog poprecoog preseka...........................................79
- N aponi oko hodпika elipticпog poprecпog pi"eseka ....................................... .81
- Napoпi okohodпika pгavougaonog poprecnog pt-eseka ...................... ...... ..... 82

9. Podzeп1пi p:ritsci ....................... ,.·;.. ;: ....·.. ............... .................................... ..... ;............ 83

- Hipoteze · zasпovaпe · пa :pпJpOi-cioпalлosti priЏska i dubln~ ttшela ...... , ~ .....Я6 ·
_ Ј

- HipQteze zasliovane Ј1а ·zakonil11a taynotete џevezanih stenskih шаsа. 7 .:••••••• 87

.- ljip()teze zasnovane i)ci obt~zovaJ!ju svoda щsterecehja u pov]ati .. ;; ....• .. ; . 91
.., Hipoteze.о pqdz~rnniiчpt:itiscima. za уегЩч.йце po.dzetnh~ pros~orjje.; ...... ;..97
- Hipotezeo podzetпнiin pi·itiscitпa za ko.sepo_dzerшie ргоs~още: ...................99

10. Ј<нпsЈ<.i pгitisak ..... ,,, .. ,., ................................. ,.. ,.. ,........................... :·:: .................... ,.. ,.IOO
- Raspoгed naponaiДeforшacjj~ oko sirokocelnog·otkopa.: ............. ............. 1 ОО
- Рrошепа пароnапа пivou. kгovirщ; sioja u zoпiotkopnog os1onca.......... :... .l04
- Utkajrastojanja cela.«:>tkopaпa proшene okojaшske prostorjje ............ ;.... 106
- Mehanizan1 deformacjje-hodnika pod uticajeш рюсеsа otkopavaJ!ja ..........ll О
- Mere .zastite hoclnikaod otkopnogpritiskaideforшacije ............................. .ll2
,. Utitaj .sirine zastitnog stuba.. ,...................-.. ·................... ,.............................. ... 116
- R. asporeЦqptei·ecenja u pt>cЏpi ispr~a iizaotkopa.. ,, ................. .,......... ;., ...... l20
- Optete~ehj~ ispщlza$titnog ~фра •...•... i·············:,.• ,. ,......•..... ,............. ~; .... ;... :Ј22

11. Diшei1Zioi1jsapje z.a~Щniђ ~tЦbova, ............................ ~ ................. ,.................. ;J25

- Opste с) za$ЩпiЏ). . stt1Цov1ma, .. ,......... ,,., ... ,., ................ ,................................. _J25
- R<:lspшed nаропа џ stubй ..................... ................•.•··.·····oo••··········· .. ··.. ·················128
- PгшaCI..irinaporш u zastitnoџi stubl.l............................................................. .132
- Proracun:diшenzija zastitnog:stuba.......................................................... .... 136
- Opterecenje па stub ......................... ....................... ,................................................ .144
·- UticaJd}meпzjja.i oblika па. ponasanje i пosivost stuba ............-.................. .144
- Cvrstoca rnaterijala u stubu ........................................................... ............... .145
12-. OsnoYПi parametri pri izboruopreшe."···· · ·····················'·· .. ·············· ··········-... 147
- B'нsenje. :, . ... . ......... . .. .. ... ... "·-' ... :.... .... ... .. . , .... , .. .. ... . .. . .. . . . ....... .. -. ... ..-... ... . ....... . 147
- Osnovni kiiterUнmi za izbшblJsaceg sisteпl.a , .. , .~ . . ... . ......... . .............._... .149
- Otpor busenju .. ...... , •.: ..•.. . , .• ,_,•, .... ...... ,_.... , .•.• , .• ~ ... -,·. ..,.:,/ ,.,..... , ., ......,.·.. 149
- Indeks ь·usiYosti ........ ; , ................ ......... .. , .. ·.. ..... .•. . ......, . ...... . ......... 150
- Iпdeks habanja: .. , .;~ .. _. ,.: ., , . ,, ''' ·~ ,; :;.. .... ..... :· : ~ . • . · ., :_,-; .. :-.:,, ....•. , ...... , ... :150
- Specificnq eпe•·gija ka<:> kriterguпi za.izbщ busaceg sisteшa ....... , ...... ,....... ;.l52
- Izbщ· eksp1ozivq ..............,, .............. .,...... ,......... ,............ ,.......,,.,......... ..... ,..153
- UtitЩ seizmickЉ efekata rilinii'aпja ла stabllпost konsttџkc:!je kopa ......... 15 5

1З. Jan1ski.(goгski) udar................................................................................................ 160

Literatura... , .............._,.. ,................ ;., ...,,., ;-. ,.,.... _. ;. :·.:·;-,,::.. ·.... ' '·;·,..... ,....;....... ,.. ;.;·....... :·.. :·.. , ....... .. 163