Exerc

SectionA Multiple-Choice Questions

than that of gas Y

The pressure of gas X is greater
pressure is 100 kPa. What
is the force
The atmospheric by 5 mm Hg.
exerted by the atmosphere on a surface that
rectangular than that of gas Y
B The pressure of gas X is greater
measures 0.5 m by 0.4 m?
by 20 mm Hg.
A 20 kN less than that of gas Y by
C The pressure of gas X is
B 111 kN
5 mm Hg
C 200 kN than that of gas Y by
D 250 kN D The pressure of gas X is less
20 mm Hg
2. The diagram below shows a simple mercury barometer.
Section B Structured Questions

110 1. (a)Define pressure. State its SI unit.

B 100
90 A (b)A rectangular glass block of
dimensions 30.0 cm by
Calculate the
80 5.0 cm by 10.0 cm weighs 37.5 N.
when resting
70 least and greatest pressures it can exert
on a horizontal table.
50

0.- C 2 The diagram shows a simple mercury barometer used

30 to measure the standard atmospheric pressure.
20 D
10
cm
-X
At which point is the pressure equal to 10 cm Hg below -Y
the atmospheric pressure?

3. What is the height ofa column of turpentine that would

exert the same pressure as 5.0 cm of mercury?
of
[Take density of tupentine 840 kg m; density
=

mercury = 13600 kg m"]

A 0.06 cm B 0.30 cm
C 5.0 cm D 81.0 cm

The diagram below shows a manometer used compare

to (a) Between X and Y there is a
4.
What be deduced
the pressures of two gases X and Y.
can

and Y?
about the pressures of the gases X (b) Draw, on the same diagram, a point Z such that the
barometer reading between point Z and point
measures the atmospheic pressure.
gas X gas Y
25| (c) Discuss the effects, if any, of using a wider tube on
the barometer readings.
20
(d) Describe what you would expect to see if a little
15 mercury
alcohol is introduced into the region between X
and Y.
10

s c a l e in mm

Uhis7 111
 3. (a)Describe. with the aid of a
diagram. how a (b) The diagram shows the use of a U-tube manometer
barometer is set up in mercury
used and not water?
a
laboratory. Why is mercury to compare the densities
of two liquids. If h, 10.0=

calculate the density of the

cm and h, 20.0 cm,
=

cm'.
(b)The atmospheric oil given that the density of water is 1.0 g
sea
pressure above the surface of the
is
measured by a
mereury barometer. If the Ol
reading is 75.0 cm. what is the
atmospheric pressure
in Pa orN m?

Calculate also the pressure at a

the surface of the sea.
point 30 m below
Take g =
10 ms: density of mercury 13.6 gcm: =

density of sea water =

1.025g cm'.]
water

4. The diagram below shows a mercury manometer

connected large vessel containing some neon gas.
to a
Given that the atmospheric
pressure is 760 mm Hg. 6.
calculate the pressure of the neon gas.
Load
small piston -
large piston, areaA
area a
weight WV
Oil
h 20 cm

neon

The diagram illustrates a simplified form of a hydraulic

press. A force F is applied to the small
and of negligible weight.
pistpn of area a

Write expressions for

i) the pressure exterted on the liquid by the small

piston,
Name one other use of manometers.
(i) the pressure exterted the
on
large piston,
5. (a) A U-tube manometer can be used to measure the (i) the force exterted by the
pressure of a gas. Explain how this can be done
large piston on the load L.
and what is meant by the term excess pressure. Indicate what becomes of the
down the small energy used in pressing
piston.

(C)

112 UnL 7
7. cm Figure (a) shows a mercury barometer used to measure
-80
air pressure and Figure (b) shows a mercury manometer
used to measure the pressure of the gas in a container.

60
Mark on the barometer
(a) a point P where the pressure is almost zero

(b) a point Qwhere the pressure is 20 cm of mercury

connection to 30 below atmospheric pressure.
gas container
Mark on the manometer
(c)a point R where the pressure is 5 cm of mercury
higher than atmospheric pressure

(d) a point S where the pressure has its maximum value.

Figure (a) Figure (b)
(C)

Unl 7 113