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  • 17th May Hydrograph Part 1 88

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    Charan
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    A hydrograph shows how streamflow rates vary over time at a specific location in a river. It is a graph that shows discharge on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. Isochrones are imaginary lines across a catchment where water particles take the same time to reach the outlet. Factors that affect the shape of a hydrograph include the shape, size, and soil moisture of the catchment area as well as rainfall intensity, duration, and direction. Direct runoff can be calculated and depicted on a hydrograph. Unit hydrographs are used to predict flood hydrographs based on rainfall in a catchment.

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    Hydrograph

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    17th_may_hydrograph_part_1_88

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    A hydrograph shows how streamflow rates vary over time at a specific location in a river. It is a graph that shows discharge on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. Isochrones are imaginary lines across a catchment where water particles take the same time to reach the outlet. Factors that affect the shape of a hydrograph include the shape, size, and soil moisture of the catchment area as well as rainfall intensity, duration, and direction. Direct runoff can be calculated and depicted on a hydrograph. Unit hydrographs are used to predict flood hydrographs based on rainfall in a catchment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    15 views25 pages

    17th May Hydrograph Part 1 88

    Uploaded by

    Charan
    A hydrograph shows how streamflow rates vary over time at a specific location in a river. It is a graph that shows discharge on the y-axis and time on the x-axis. Isochrones are imaginary lines across a catchment where water particles take the same time to reach the outlet. Factors that affect the shape of a hydrograph include the shape, size, and soil moisture of the catchment area as well as rainfall intensity, duration, and direction. Direct runoff can be calculated and depicted on a hydrograph. Unit hydrographs are used to predict flood hydrographs based on rainfall in a catchment.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 25

    Hydrology

    Hydrograph
    ABOUT ME : ABHINAV NEGI
    ▪ 8+ Year’s Teaching Experience
    ▪ M.Tech (Geotechnical Engg.), IIT Delhi
    ▪ GATE (AIR 164) in 2012.
    ▪ Mentored more than 20000 students & taught more than 8000 Hours
    ▪ Area of Expertise: SOM, Soil mechanics ,Surveying, Hydrology
    STRESS STRAIN CURVE & PROPERTIES OF MATERIAL

    ☺ FRIENDLY GUIDELINES FOR THE CLASS ☺

    1. Please always carry Calculator, Pen & Rough Note


    Book with you
    2. When I will say no comments please listen the
    concepts carefully, once I finish the concept then I
    will take care of all your doubts.
    3. Please before live classes make sure all previous
    classes you have gone through.
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    HYDROGRAPH
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    HYDROGRAPH
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    ISOCHRONE

    Isochrones are imaginary lines across the catchment from


    where water particles travelling downwards take the same
    time to reach the catchment outlet.
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    FACTORS AFFECTING HYDROGRAPH
    1. SHAPE OF BASIN
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    2. Form factor:

    3.Compactness Coefficient
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    4. Stream Density

    5. Drainage Density

    6. Size of Basin
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    7. Effect of wind

    8. Direction of storm

    9. Rainfall Intensity

    10. Duration of Rainfall

    11. Soil moisture condition


    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph

    DIRECT FUNOFF = Total Runoff – Base Flow


    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    RAINFALL RUNOFF CORRELATION
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    CALCULATION OF DIRECT RUNOFF HYDROGRAPH
    HYDROGRAPH
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    DEPTH OF DIRECT RUNOFF HYDROGRAPH [DDRH]
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    Q. Find the dire DDRH for a given storm of 30 km2
    Catchment area.

    Time Ordinates of flood Hydrograph Base Flow


    5 AM 14 14
    8 AM 25 12
    11 AM 51 11
    2 PM 65 10
    5 PM 54 11
    8 PM 28 13
    11 PM 14 14
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph

    Unit hydrograph
    • To predict the flood hydrograph from a known storm in
    a catchment one of the method is the use of unit
    hydrograph concept.
    • The unit hydrograph of a drainage basin is defined as a
    hydrograph of direct runoff resulting from 1 cm of
    effective rainfall applied uniformly over the basin area at
    a uniform rate during a specified period of time (D-hr).
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    Theory of Unit hydrograph
    Theory of unit hydrograph was proposed by SHERMAN in
    the year 1932 and has the following assumption:

    1. TIME INVARIANCE

    2. LINEAR RESPONSE
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    USES OF UNIT HYDROGRAPH
    HYDROGRAPH

    APPLICATIONS OF UNIT HYDROGRAPH


    1. Construction of flood hydrograph
    HYDROGRAPH
    2. construction of other unit hydrograph
    having different unit duration.
    Case 2.1 t0 = nT0
    SHEAR STRESS DISTRIBUTION
    Hydrograph
    Time Ordinate of 3hr UH 1st OFFSET 2 3 4 5 6 S 0.S ∆y
    0 0
    3 20
    6 50
    9 60
    12 50
    15 40
    18 10
    21 0

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