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Children's Mental Health E-Book
Children's Mental Health E-Book
CHILDREN'S
MENTAL HEALTH
E-BOOK FOR PARENTS & CARETAKERS
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
3
MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES IN
INDIA
4
IDENTIFYING A CHILD WITH MENTAL HEALTH
CONTENTS
TABLE OF
ISSUES
5
SOCIALISATION & GETTING ALONG WITH PEERS
6
LACK OF CONCENTRATION & FEAR OF FAILING
7
LETHARGY & LACK OF INTEREST
8
BEHAVIOURAL CHANGES
9
EMOTIONAL CHANGES AND MOOD SWINGS
10
DEGREES OF MENTAL HEALTH
11
SECURING BETTER MENTAL HEALTH FOR YOUR CHILDREN
12
MENTAL HYGIENE: TIPS AND TRICKS
13
WHAT TO SAY
14
WHAT NOT TO SAY
15
COGNITIVE BEHAVIOURAL THERAPY
16
GETTING HELP, CONCLUSION, & REFERENCES
AUTHORS
AUTHOR CREDITS:
SPECIAL ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
Bournvita has always partnered with parents through their parenting journey which involves their children’s
physical and mental development leading to a fulfilling life. The pandemic and the subsequent lockdown
brought about a new parenting challenge. The physical restrictions of social isolation, schools being shut,
being constantly cooped up at home has impacted children mentally.
Mental health is an individual’s emotional and psychological well being. It is equally important to physical
health. For a child’s potential to truly shine, its important for him/her to be physically and mentally fit.
Physical health and development is visible and therefore easier to nurture, so parents can spot weaknesses
and step in to support the child, whereas mental health isn’t as easy to understand and gauge.
We often misinterpret mental health by measuring it in terms of academics or hobbies, which are not really
indicators of how emotionally healthy a child is. In a culture, where we love emotions in our movies and
politics, we want our children to be seen, not heard; and often encourage them to follow an unachievable
ideal of being the ‘smart, well-mannered, cheerful and compliant child’. And when a child shows signs of
rebellion, anger, sorrow or anything out of the ordinary, we mistakenly deem it to be misbehavior or typical
teen-angst. And even when we do realise that the problem may root deeper, our social conditioning makes it
difficult for both parents and children to open-up and talk about these things.
Child mental health challenges have been growing exponentially since the pandemic. For a brand, as close
to parent-child bond as ours, we want to take the first step towards raising awareness amongst parents
about this. Bournvita wants to partner parents by starting conversations around child mental health which
will get society to open up about this taboo topic. Busting myths around mental health and providing
resources, will encourage parents to:
1. Sit up and take notice of the situation
2. Seek help where required.
It’s a journey, and the brand intends to take small steps in the right direction, by partnering parents and
including a check on child mental health in their parenting to-do’s. We hope you find this e-book useful and
we're here to help.
Sincerely,
The Bournvita Team
We need parents to GET THE MESSAGE and help their children by:
01 02 03
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
Mental and physical health are equally important, and a person's mental health
status can change over time.
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
14%
182
million
As of 2017, more than 14% of That is over 182 million people There is only 1 psychiatrist per
the Indian population have who struggle with their mental 100,000 people in India, so many
their mental health disorders health people remain undiagnosed
Suicide is the 3rd leading cause of death among 15-19 year olds
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
References:
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American psychologist, 60(6), 601–614.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
Identifying a Child with
Mental Health Issues
It can be difficult to recognize the symptoms of mental illness in
children.
For many years, children’s mental health has not been recognized, with
many parents thinking their child’s behaviour change is just because of
mood swings, temper tantrums, or hormones.
Difficulty Persistent
concentrating sadness
Refusing to go Changes in
to school weight or eating
habits
Frequent
Talking about
headaches or
death or suicide
stomach aches
Drastic changes in
Feeling anxious,
mood, behaviour,
isolated,
or personality
hopeless
Self-harm or Heightened
injury irritability
*Please note: Some of these symptoms can be caused by other situational factors and are not a definite
indicator that your child is struggling with their mental health.
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
References:
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American psychologist, 60(6), 601–614.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
Common Mental
Health Symptoms
Socialisation & getting along with peers
Childhood is a very important time to develop interpersonal skills and learn the acceptable behaviours
and values of their community: their family and friends.
When children act in a way that is not typical or appropriate for the situations that they are in, it can be
a sign that their mental health is suffering.
Here are a few signs that your child is struggling with socialisation:
"Though it is true that children experience mood and behaviour changes that are completely normal, if you
notice symptoms persisting for more than a few weeks, you should talk to your child and ask how they are
doing."
- Pragya Lodha
Psychologist and Mumbai Program Director at MINDS Foundation
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
References:
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American psychologist, 60(6), 601–614.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
Common Mental
Health Symptoms
Lack of concentration & fear of failing
For some children, interpersonal conflict such as issues with peers or family members can affect
their school experience.
For others, underlying disorders such as ADHD or anxiety can make attending school a difficult
experience if not addressed appropriately.
"Let your child know that you are there for them, no matter what. You can also reach out to a professional
or trusted community member. "
- Amul Joshi
Gujarat Program Director, MINDS Foundation
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
References:
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American psychologist, 60(6), 601–614.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
Common Mental
Health Symptoms
Lethargy & lack of interest
Childhood is a very important time to in establishing the baseline for an individual's mental health.
While we often think of mental health issues presenting as exaggerated emotions (deep sadness,
etc), it is equally common for mental health issues to present as lack of emotion, low energy levels
and reduced interest in everyday life.
Here are a few signs that your child may be struggling with their mental health:
"If you're looking for help from a professional, a good place to start is with your family doctor. They will be
able to refer you to a child psychologist or other mental health professional."
- Dr Raghu Appasani
Psychiatrist and Founder/CEO of MINDS Foundation
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
References:
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American psychologist, 60(6), 601–614.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
Common Mental
Health Symptoms
Behavioural changes
But sometimes children develop behaviours that can be very disruptive or dangerous, which needs to
be addressed.
There are a few behaviour disorders that can occur in young children, including attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder.
"There is absolutely no shame in reaching out for professional help and support. Asking for help when you
need it is incredibly brave."
- Dr Raghu Appasani
Psychiatrist and Founder/CEO of MINDS Foundation
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
References:
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American psychologist, 60(6), 601–614.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
Common Mental
Health Symptoms
Emotional changes & mood swings
Mood disorders are a group of mental health disorders that are very common.
A mood disorder is a mental health disorder that mostly affects a person’s emotional state. This
means that the person suffering can often be sad, anxious, angry, etc.
Examples of mood disorders include major depressive disorder (depression), bipolar disorder, etc.
"Given the stigma around mental health, children’s mental health is oft-missed and ignored. On the one
hand, India has the highest youth population and on the other, it also sees the burden of mental health to
be highest amongst this age bracket."
- Pragya Lodha
Psychologist and Mumbai Program Director at MINDS Foundation
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in
References:
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26. doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American psychologist, 60(6), 601–614.
https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
Degrees of
Mental Health
Common mental health issues in children
and how to deal with them
Our mental health is the way we think, feel our emotions, and therefore, behave. When a person has
a mental illness, it can cause distress and make it difficult for that person to function normally.
That being said, Mental health struggles in children are very treatable! No matter what your child is
going through, or how difficult it is, there are many ways to help them improve and feel better.
IF IT'S CRITICAL
If your child is hurting themselves or others, thinking or talking about suicide, or
experiencing a very sudden change in behavior or personality, this could suggest that
their condition is more serious. In this case, please reach out to someone - your family
doctor, a trusted community leader, or any mental health professional you have access
to and explain your concerns to them.
Now that we've learned how common mental health issues are in India, how to recognise mental
health issues based on key symptoms, and explored the different disorders that are common in
children, let's understand the role of a parent in their child's mental health, and how you as a parent
can help your child maintain mental wellbeing.
There are several factors that impact a child's mental health status,
both positively and negatively. Providing children with an environment
conducive of love, compassion, trust, and understanding coming from
people they depend and trust on, greatly impacts a child. It allows
them to build on these stepping stones to have a productive lifestyle.
However, many children do not receive that type of lifestyle though due
to various reasons and circumstances. Some children have to deal with a
childhood that is filled with angst, resentment, hatred, distrust, and
constant negativity. They have a difficult time coping with their emotions.
It is a difficult process for any person, let alone a child, to overcome such
adversity but being proactive and doing the best in one’s capacity can
help the child to go towards better mental health.
Some children may also be born with mental health issues. This happens
as a result of the genetic factors that the child receives from the parents
and the environment in which the child is brought up. For example: if out of
the two parents, one parent has a mental illness, the genetic material of
that parent is also passed on to the child. If the child is born in an unstable
environment, the chances of the child developing mental illness are higher.
However, if the child is taken care of and provided extra care and support,
then the chance of the child developing the mental health problem
lessens. It is important to remember that there can be several other
reasons along with the parenting style and upbringing of the child that
can contribute to the development of an illness in a child (socio-economic
condition, peer influence, family structure, schooling, personality of the
child).
It is the parental support, school support and counselling that can help children resolve
these issues and become more fulfilling and productive individuals - so let’s learn more
about how to secure better mental health for your children!
Children learn by example, especially from their parents and caretakers. The best way to help them
practice self-care and healthy habits is to model them yourself. Here are some behaviours that
improve mental hygiene and overall wellbeing that are great to teach to your children early in their
lives.
Ask yourself if you’d say what you’re thinking about yourself to someone
else. If not, stop being so hard on yourself. Allow yourself to be less than
perfect. Socialize with positive people and notice how people who
always look on the bright side deal with challenges, Keep a "negative
thought log", whenever you experience a negative thought, jot down the
thought in a notebook and review it later.
If you notice that your child’s behaviour has changed recently, and they seem to be struggling, there
are many ways you can support them. The best way to start is by opening a dialogue with them and
making them feel comfortable discussing difficult and personal issues with you. Here’s some ways
you can do that!
Be there for them. Let them know you’re there to listen to anything they might want to talk about.
Assure them that you support them and will not get angry, no matter what they express to you.
Validate their feelings. Tell them that it’s normal to feel sad, angry, scared, and stressed sometimes,
and that you feel that way too sometimes. Empathize with them by saying things like “that sounds
really difficult”, etc.
Express your intention. Try telling your child that you have noticed them feeling sad or acting
differently, and let them know that you want to help them.
Start the conversation early. Give your child opportunities to open up to you by creating space for
healthy discussions from a young age. This will make communication easier as your child grows up.
Start by asking open-ended questions, like ‘did you talk to your friends today?’
Model conversations about mental health. To get your child to see that it is okay to talk about their
feelings, talk about your own! Do not burden them or share age-appropriate information with them, but
sharing that you - for example - do yoga because it keeps you mentally fit is a positive way to start the
conversation.
Seek help. If you are still struggling to connect with your child, reach out to a mental health
professional who will be able to tell you how to support your child. Sometimes, your child will feel
more comfortable speaking to someone else, and that is okay too. Your family doctor will be able to
refer you to a mental health professional.
What to say:
I know what you're going
I've noticed you've seemed to be
through is really difficult, and
struggling recently. Do you want to
you're so strong.
talk about it?
If you notice that your child’s behaviour has changed recently, and they seem to be struggling, there
are many ways you can support them. The best way to start is by opening a dialogue with them and
making them feel comfortable discussing difficult and personal issues with you. Here’s some
things to avoid when talking to them!
Don’t take it personally. If your child does not feel comfortable telling you how they feel yet, don’t be
offended. It can be difficult for children to share - they may be scared of a negative reaction or unsure
how to talk about difficult subject matters.
Don’t pressure them into talking. If you create a comfortable and safe environment for them, they will
open up to you in time. Pressuring them will not help.
Don’t judge them or punish them. When your child trusts you enough to talk about their mental health
with you, the worst thing you can do is judge them or punish them for sharing their feelings. This will
discourage them from opening up to you again, closing the line of communication, and making it
difficult for them to get help and feel better.
Don’t doubt their experience. A common reaction for parents is to tell their children that their issues
are ‘not a big deal’, and that childhood and adolescence is the easiest stage of life. This invalidates
their struggle.
Don’t ignore small issues. It is easy to feel that small issues will pass with time, but sometimes they
are an indicator of underlying issues. Look out for recurring issues.
Don’t try to ‘fix’ it yourself. If a child is struggling with school or peers, oftentimes parents will try to
solve the issue themselves by inserting themselves in the situation. This is usually counterproductive
as children are much more likely to address the issue when they have been allowed to think of the
solution themselves.
If someone is
bothering you, just
You're just a kid, these issues aren't
tell me. I'll handle to
a big deal. Your childhood is the
them for you.
best time of your life! Just enjoy it.
Mental health struggles in children are very treatable! No matter what your child is going through,
or how difficult it is, there are many ways to help them improve and feel better. One of the most
important, popular, and effective ways to treat mental health struggles in children is called CBT.
Here are 4 things you should know about CBT!
We hope the information in this e-book has been helpful to you. We want to take a minute to assure
you that mental health issues in children are very treatable. No matter what your child is going
through, there is hope and help available.
The MINDS Foundation has over a decade of experience in mental health and calls on the
experience of our psychiatrists and psychologists to run mental health education programs for
children across the country, as well as treat children with ongoing mental health issues while
offering support for their families.
We believe education is key: if parents know what to look out for and are dedicated to supporting
their children, then there is nothing to worry about. Through reading this e-book, you've taken an
important step in protecting your child's mental health. Well done!
There is a whole community of people - friends, family, medical professionals, non-profits, and
more - who are ready to help you. Call our mental health helpline at 18005-477-200 to speak to a
mental health professional for free, 24/7.Visit our website www.mannkitayyari.in for more
information including infographics, e-books, videos, and expert articles. We're here for you.
"The parent-child
connection is the most
powerful mental health
intervention known to
mankind."
References:
In addition to our experts, we used the following references to compile this e-book. They can also be
helpful for you as additional resources.
Cuellar, A. (2015). Preventing and Treating Child Mental Health Problems. The Future of Children, 25(1), 111-134. Retrieved August 11, 2021, from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/43267765
NIMH » Children and Mental Health: Is This Just a Stage?. (2021). Retrieved 4 August 2021, from https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/children-
and-mental-health
Ogundele, M. (2018). Behavioural and emotional disorders in childhood: A brief overview for paediatricians. World Journal Of Clinical Pediatrics, 7(1), 9-26.
doi: 10.5409/wjcp.v7.i1.9
Tolan, P. H., & Dodge, K. A. (2005). Children's mental health as a primary care and concern: a system for comprehensive support and service. The American
psychologist, 60(6), 601–614. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.60.6.601
Worried about your child's mental health?. (2021). Retrieved 5 August 2021, from https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/in-
depth/mental-illness-in-children/art-20046577
in
partnership
with
www.mannkitayyari.in