Learning Guide: Shashamanne Poly Technic College

Shashamanne Poly Technic College
Learning Guide Use Hand tools, power tools and test instruments
This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information

regarding the following content coverage and topics
 Plan and prepare tasks and workstation
 Prepare hand tools
 Use hand tools and test equipment
 Maintain hand tools
This guide will also assist you to attain the learning outcome stated in the
cover page. Specifically, upon completion of this Learning Guide, you will be
able to:-
 Identify Tasks to be undertaken properly
 Identify and select Appropriate hand tools and test instruments according to the
task requirement
 Make Workstation ready in accordance with job requirements/specifications
 Check Appropriate hand tools for proper operation and safety
 Identify and mark Unsafe or faulty tools are for repair according to standard company
procedure
 Use Tools according to tasks undertaken
 Observe All safety procedures in using tools at all times and appropriate personal
protective equipment (PPE) are used
 Report Malfunctions, unplanned or unusual events to the supervisor
 Handle Tools without damage according to procedures
 Undertake Routine maintenance of tools according to standard operational

procedures, principles and techniques
 Store Tools safely in appropriate locations in accordance with manufacturer’s

specifications or standard operating procedures
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 1 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Information sheet Use Hand tools, power tools and test instruments
The Electrician’s Tool Pouch

 The Electrician’s tool pouch is essential in that it helps kept electrical tools
organized. The tool pouch allows the right tools at hand which makes the job
more efficient.
 The electrician must have proper tools for the job.
 Tools must be maintain and kept in good working condition.
 Certain tools are essential, and without them the electrician should not
attempt to do any type of wiring.
 Listed are the basic hand tools that are essential to electrical wiring.
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 2 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Electrical Specific Hand Cutting Tools
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 3 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Electrician's Essential Tools
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 4 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Tools Used for Specialty Work

Rules for care of hand tools
 There are many more hand and power tools that electricians will use in
residential and commercial wiring.
 All tools should be used only for the purpose intended.
 It is the electrician’s responsibility to keep his or her tools sharp, clean, and
lubricated.
 A well maintained tool has a longer life and is safer than an improperly
maintained tool.
 Repair tools when possible, but discard worn or damaged tools.
Test instruments
Understanding a) Analogue and b) Digital Multimeter
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 5 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Multimeters (analogue and digital) are one way in which you can “see” what’s
going on in an electrical circuit. Voltmeters, ohmmeters, and ammeter are
essential in all electric work. Multimeters can go by many names. Some people
call them as “multimeter” or just “meter”, while others refer them as “VOMs” or
“multitesters”or even “tester”. They are among the simplest and least expensive
pieces of test equipment available that every electronic enthusiast should have.
names. Some people call them as “multimeter” or just “meter”, while others
refer them as “VOMs” or “multitesters”or even “tester”. They are among the
simplest and least expensive pieces of test equipment available that every
electronic enthusiast should have.
A multimeter is as basic to an electronic technician as a brush is to a painter.
In this chapter, you will learn the features of analogue and digital multimeter
and in the following chapters you will learn how to measure electrical voltage,
current, and resistance. Learning how to connect ammeter and read these
electrical circuit values is a fundamental skill that every electronics repairers
must know in order to successfully perform basic tests, troubleshooting and
repairing.
Meter’s function and range
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 6 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Analogue and digital multimeters have either a rotary selector

switch or push buttons to select the appropriate function and
range. Some Digital Multimeter (DMMs) are auto ranging; they
automatically select the correct range of voltage, resistance, or
current when doing a test. However you still need to select the
function. First, just before you make any measurement you must
know what you are checking. If you are measuring voltage then
select the AC (10V, 50V, 250V, or 1000V) or DC (0.5V, 2.5V, 10V,
50V, 250V, or 1000V) range. If you are measuring the resistance,
select the Ohms range (Rx1Ω, Rx10Ω, Rx100 Ω, Rx1kΩ or Rx10kΩ).
If you are measuring the current then select the appropriate
current range (DC mA) as shown in the photo in the previous page.
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 7 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Black test lead plugs into meter terminal marked Common,

Com,oror Red test lead plugs into meter terminal marked or V-Ω-
mA. Now that you know the very basic of a multimeter, I’ll describe
how you can use the meters (analogue and digital) to take voltage,
resistance, and current readings in the next few chapters.
Precaution While Using Multimeter
Don’t give shock or vibration to the multimeter especially analogue
meters, which have a delicate meter movement. Sometimes even a
slight fall from the repair bench to the floor could cause the digital
meter LCD panel to cracked! Even if after the zero ohm adjuster
turned to maximum, the pointer still does not reach zero, replace
the batteries. Batteries out of life must be immediately removed
from the meter, otherwise components inside will get corroded by
leakage of the battery electrolyte.
When you are not certain of the voltage or current value,
measurement is always started on the highest range to know its
approximate value.
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 8 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Lower range may be selected accordingly. Read and understand the

manual book that comes with your multimeter. Don’t replace any
meter fuse with one having a higher current rating orslower
response time. In other word, do not replace the fast blow fuse with
a slow blow fuse. Go to fuse chapter to know more fuses.
Don’t take any resistance (Ohm) measurement in a circuit
that has any power applied otherwise it may cause the components
inside the meter to blow. Don’t connect your ammeter (meter set to
current range) directly across a power source, such as a battery or
power supply output. An ammeter must always be connected in
series with the load.
Don’t take any resistance (Ohm) measurement in a circuit that has
any power applied otherwise it may cause the components inside
the meter to blow. Don’t connect your ammeter (meter set to
current range) directly across a power source, such as a battery or
power supply output. An ammeter must always be connected in
series with the load.
Always treat all electrical circuits with respect! Knowing
what you’re doing is important. If you don’t know what you’re doing
in areas that could prove dangerous, such as in 240 volt household
circuits, then don’t do it! Get more information or just ask a repair
friend to show or guide you the right way to test electrical circuits.
Lastly, there are many differences among various makes of digital
and analogue multimeters. Always study the instruction booklet
that comes with a particular meter to ensure you are using it
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 9 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
properly and safely.

Inserting a meter in series, however, is not always an easy task. In
many cases you must physically interrupt a circuit at the point you
wish to measure, and then connect test leads across the break.
Although it may be easy to interrupt a circuit, keep in mind that you
must also put the circuit back together.
Set your multimeter to the desired function (DCA or ACA) and select the
appropriate range. If you are unsure about proper range, set the meter to its
largest range. Make sure that the meter can handle the amount of current you
are expecting.
Turn off all power to a circuit before inserting a current meter as shown in Fig
below. Insert the meter and reapply power. Read Current directly from the
panel meter.
Caution!
Never try to read current in parallel. Placing a current meter in parallel can
cause a short circuit across a component that can damage the part, the circuit
under test, or your multimeter.
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 10 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Factors For Purchasing

Tools
Factors to consider when purchasing tools are size, design, and quality.
 Always purchase the correct sized tools for the work to be done.
 Tools should be designed specifically for electrical work. Ex: Insulated
handles, hammers with straight claws.
 The purchase of quality tools last longer which saves replacement cost
Remember
 Select the right tool for the job.
 Keep tools clean, lubricated, and in good working condition.
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 11 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
 Purchase good quality tools they are safer and will last longer.
 Repair tools when possible, but discard worn or damaged tools.
Power tools
OHS Office of Training and Education
Hazards
• Workers using hand and power tools may be exposed to these hazards:
 objects that fall, fly, are abrasive(harsh), or splash
 harmful dusts, fumes(gas ejected from engine as waste product), mists(A thin
fog with condensation near the ground), vapors, and gases
 frayed or damaged electrical cords, hazardous connections and improper

grounding
Basic Tool Safety Rules
• Maintain regularly
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 12 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
• Use right tool for the job
• Inspect before use
• Operate according to manufacturers’ instructions
• Use the right personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Use guards
Hand Tool Hazards
• Hazards are usually

caused by misuse and improper maintenance
• Do not use:
 Wrenches(A\used to hold or twist a nut or bolt) when jaws are

sprung(jumped)
 impact tools (chisels and wedges) when heads have mushroomed
 tools with loose, cracked or splintered handles
 a screwdriver as a chisel
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 13 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
 tools with taped handles – they may be hiding cracks
Hand Tools – Protection
• Use PPE, such as safety goggles and gloves
• Keep floor surface where working free from debris and tripping or slipping
hazards
• Keep cutting tools sharp
Hand-held power tools must be equipped with one of the following:
Constant pressure switch
Shuts off power upon release
Examples: circular saw, chain saw, grinder, hand-held power drill
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 14 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
On- Off Switch
Examples: routers, planers, laminate trimmers, shears, jig saws, nibblers,

scroll saws
Power Tools – Precautions
• Disconnect tools when not in use, before servicing and cleaning, and when
changing accessories
• Keep people not involved with the work away from the work
• Secure work with clamps or a vise, freeing both hands to operate the tool
• Don’t hold the switch button while carrying a plugged-in tool
• Keep tools sharp and clean
• Consider what you wear – loose clothing and jewelry can get caught in moving
parts
• Remove damaged electric tools & tag them: “Do Not Use”
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 15 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Electric Cords
• Don’t carry portable tools by the cord
• Don’t use electric cords to hoist(lift) or lower tools
• Don’t yank(pull or move suddenly) cord or hose to disconnect it
• Keep cords and hoses away from heat, oil, and sharp edges
Plug with a grounding pin
Electric Tools – Good Practices
• Operate within design limits
• Use gloves and safety shoes
• Store in a dry place
• Don’t use in wet locations unless approved for that
• Keep work areas well lit
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 16 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
• Ensure cords don’t present a tripping

hazard
Abrasive (wear away) Wheels and Tools
• May throw off flying fragments
• Equip with guards that:
 Cover the spindle end, nut, & flange

projections
 Maintain proper alignment with the wheel
 Don’t exceed the strength of the fastenings
• Guard so that a minimal amount of the wheel is exposed
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 17 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Inspecting Abrasive Wheels
• Before mounting:
 inspect closely for damage
 perform sound- or ring-test to ensure free from cracks / defects
• To test:
 tap wheel gently with a light, non-metallic instrument
 if wheel sounds cracked or dead, do not use it because it could fly apart
Abrasive Wheel Use
• To prevent cracking:
• fit the wheel on the spindle freely
• tighten the spindle nut enough to

hold the wheel in place without
distorting the flange
• Let the tool come up to speed prior to grinding or cutting
• Don’t stand in front of the wheel as it comes up to full speed
• Use eye and/or face protection
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 18 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Ensure the spindle

speed doesn’t exceed
the maximum speed
marked on the wheel
Abrasive Wheel Work Rests
• Keep work rests not more than 1/8th inch from wheel surface
• This prevents jamming the work between the wheel and the rest, which may
cause the wheel to break
• Don’t adjust wheel while it’s rotating
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 19 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Guarding
• Guard exposed moving parts of power tools
• Guard belts, gears, shafts, pulleys, sprockets, spindles, flywheels, chains, or

other moving parts
• Never remove a guard when a tool is in use
Guarding - Point of Operation
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 20 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
This shows a
radial arm
saw equipped
with proper
point of
operation
guards
Nip Point
Radial Saw Guarding
Radial arm saw

equipped with an
upper and lower
blade guard
Pneumatic Tools
• Powered by compressed air
• Includes nailers, staplers, chippers,

drills & sanders
• Main hazard - getting hit by

a tool attachment or by a
fastener the worker is using
with the tool
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 21 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
• Take the same precautions with an air hose that you take with electric cords
Nail Gun -
Cut-Away View
Hose clamp
Muzzle in contact
with work surface
Don’t use compressed air for cleaning
Exception - where reduced to less than

30 p.s.i. with effective chip guarding
and PPE
Liquid Fuel Tools
• Usually gas powered
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 22 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
• Main hazard – fuel vapors
• Use only approved flammable liquid containers
• Before refilling a fuel-powered tool tank, shut down the engine and allow it to
cool
User must be trained and licensed to

operate
Test tool each day before loading to ensure

the safety devices are working properly
Wear suitable ear, eye, and face protection
Select a powder level that will do the work

without excessive force
Fatal accident…..An accident that causes someone to die
Powder-Actuated Tool Safety Tips

• Don’t use in explosive or flammable atmosphere
• Inspect tool before use to ensure:
 it is clean,
 that moving parts operate freely
 the barrel is free from obstructions and has the proper
shield, guard, and attachments
• Don’t load the tool unless using immediately
•
Also, don’t drive fasteners into very
Don’t leave a loaded tool unattended
Employee
hard or killed
brittle
Date: 2015
when struck
material that in head by a
might
chip
nail fired or splatter,
TTLM Development
from or make
a Tadesse
BY: Gizaw powder the
actuated tool.
Page 23 of 29
fasteners ricochet
plywood form in preparation for pouring a
concrete wall
• Keep hands clear of the barrel end

• Never point the tool at anyone
• Store unloaded in a locked box Jacks
• To set up a jack, ensure:
• The base is on a firm, level surface
• It’s centered
• The jack head is placed
against a level surface
• You apply the lift force evenly
• Lubricate and inspect jacks
regularly
Jacks – Blocking
Immediately block the load after it is lifted. Put a block under the base of the jack when the
foundation is not firm, and place a block between the jack cap and load if the cap might slip.
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 24 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
Photo - handyman jack

is provided a firm base
by using the railroad
tie.
The load is cribbed to
prevent it from falling.
Satisfactory
Self -check
Response
 The trainee should answer the following questions YES NO
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 25 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse
1. Explain what quality means?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
___________________________
2. What is quality management system?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
3. Write principles of quality management ?
 The trainee’s underpinning knowledge was

[ ] Satisfactory [ ] Not satisfactory
 Feedback to Trainee:
Trainee’s Signature: Date:
Instructor’s Signature: Date:
Date: 2015
TTLM Development
Page 26 of 29
BY: Gizaw Tadesse

Learning Guide: Shashamanne Poly Technic College

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Learning Guide: Shashamanne Poly Technic College

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Shashamanne Poly Technic College

This learning guide is developed to provide you the necessary information

 Make Workstation ready in accordance with job requirements/specifications

 Check Appropriate hand tools for proper operation and safety

 Use Tools according to tasks undertaken

 Report Malfunctions, unplanned or unusual events to the supervisor

 Handle Tools without damage according to procedures

 Undertake Routine maintenance of tools according to standard operational

 Store Tools safely in appropriate locations in accordance with manufacturer’s

The Electrician’s Tool Pouch

Electrical Specific Hand Cutting Tools

Electrician's Essential Tools

Tools Used for Specialty Work

Meter’s function and range

Analogue and digital multimeters have either a rotary selector

Black test lead plugs into meter terminal marked Common,

Lower range may be selected accordingly. Read and understand the

properly and safely.

Factors For Purchasing

OHS Office of Training and Education

 objects that fall, fly, are abrasive(harsh), or splash

 frayed or damaged electrical cords, hazardous connections and improper

Basic Tool Safety Rules

• Use right tool for the job

• Inspect before use

• Operate according to manufacturers’ instructions

• Use the right personal protective equipment (PPE)

Hand Tool Hazards

• Hazards are usually

 Wrenches(A\used to hold or twist a nut or bolt) when jaws are

 impact tools (chisels and wedges) when heads have mushroomed

 tools with loose, cracked or splintered handles

 tools with taped handles – they may be hiding cracks

Hand Tools – Protection

• Use PPE, such as safety goggles and gloves

• Keep cutting tools sharp

Hand-held power tools must be equipped with one of the following:

Constant pressure switch

Shuts off power upon release

Examples: circular saw, chain saw, grinder, hand-held power drill

On- Off Switch

Examples: routers, planers, laminate trimmers, shears, jig saws, nibblers,

Power Tools – Precautions

• Don’t hold the switch button while carrying a plugged-in tool

• Keep tools sharp and clean

• Don’t carry portable tools by the cord

• Don’t use electric cords to hoist(lift) or lower tools

• Don’t yank(pull or move suddenly) cord or hose to disconnect it

Plug with a grounding pin

Electric Tools – Good Practices

• Operate within design limits

• Use gloves and safety shoes

• Store in a dry place

• Don’t use in wet locations unless approved for that

• Keep work areas well lit

• Ensure cords don’t present a tripping

Abrasive (wear away) Wheels and Tools

• May throw off flying fragments

• Equip with guards that:

 Cover the spindle end, nut, & flange

 Maintain proper alignment with the wheel

 Don’t exceed the strength of the fastenings