Saya Htay Zaw , B.

E (Mech) Sakura Win Japanese Language Center Mathematics II

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Saya Htay Zaw , B.E (Mech) Sakura Win Japanese Language Center Mathematics II

Differential Calculus Rules

If the derivatives of certain simple functions are known then the

differential calculus rules can be used to find the derivatives of
complicated functions. The rules of differential calculus are listed in the
table given below.

Differential Form of
Interpretation
Calculus Rule Function

Constant Rule y=c dy / dx = 0

Constant
y = cf(x) dy / dx = cf'(x)
Multiple Rule

Power Rule y = axn dy / dx = naxn-1

Generalized
y = [f(x)]n dy / dx = n[f(x)]n-1f'(x)
Power Rule

Sum of Two y = f(x) +

dy / dx = f'(x) + g'(x)
Functions g(x)

Difference of y = f(x) -
dy / dx = f'(x) - g'(x)
Two Functions g(x)

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Saya Htay Zaw , B.E (Mech) Sakura Win Japanese Language Center Mathematics II

y = f(x) . dy / dx = f'(x)g(x) +
Product Rule
g(x) f(x)g'(x)

y = f(x) / dy / dx
Quotient Rule
g(x) =f′(x)g(x)−g′(x)f(x)/[g(x)]2

Chain Rule for y = f[g(x)];

dy / dx = dy/du.du/dx =
Composite y = f(u), u
f'[g(x)]g'(x)
Functions = g(x)

Examples

1. Differentiate the following with respect to x.

i. (x2 + 3) √3 − 𝑥 2
2𝑥−7
ii.
√𝑥+7
sin 𝑥
iii.
1+tan 𝑥

iv. ln sin 2x
v. x2 log 2 𝑥
vi. 32𝑥 tan 𝑥
vii. 3𝑥 𝑥 3
viii. ln √5𝑥 2 + 4
ix. 𝑒 sin 3𝑥

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Saya Htay Zaw , B.E (Mech) Sakura Win Japanese Language Center Mathematics II

3
x. cos( )
𝑥

xi. (3x +2)10

3𝑥−5
xii.
2𝑥 2 +5

2. Find the derivative dy/dx (or) the rate of change of y with respect
to x) from the following implicit functions.
a. x (x +y) = y2
b. 3x2 + 2sin y = y2
c. x + sin y = cos (xy)
d. x ey + ln (xy) = sin x
e. y3 + y2 = ex + x3
f. 2x2y + y3 = 16x2 – 15
g. cos x + sin y = x2 + y3
h. x3y2 + cos x = 4xy
i. ex + ey = x3 - y
j. 5x – y2 = x5 – 6y
𝑑
3. Given that (𝑒 2𝑥 tan 3𝑥 ) = 𝑒 2𝑥 𝑓(𝑥 ), 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑥 ).
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
4. Given that y = (ex – e2x)2 and that = 𝑒 3𝑥 𝑓(𝑥 ), 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑓(𝑥 ).
𝑑𝑥

5. Starting at time t = 0, a particle moves along a line so that its

position after t seconds is s(t) = t2 – 6t + 8 metres (a) find its speed
at time t (b) when is its speed zero?
6. The curve y = ax2 + b/x has gradient 2 and -1 at x = 1 and x = 4
respectively. Find the value of a and of b.

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Saya Htay Zaw , B.E (Mech) Sakura Win Japanese Language Center Mathematics II

7. The gradient of the tangent to the curve y = ax3 + bx at the point

(2, -4) is 6. Calculate the values of constant a and b.
8. The curve y = ax + 3/x has gradient 1 at x = 2. Find the value of a
and the x-coordinate of another point at which the gradient is 1.
9. The tangent to the curve y = 2x2 + ax +b at the point (-2, 11) is
perpendicular to the line 2y = x + 7. Find the value of a and of b.
10. Given the curve 8y = x2 – kx + 17, calculate the value of k
such that the tangents at the point with x-coordinates 5 and -3
respectively are perpendicular.
11. Two variables x and y vary in such a way that x + y = 2.
Another variables z is defined by z = x2 + y2. Find the values of x
and y that make z a minimum.
12. The positive variable x and y are such that x4y = 32. A
thirded variable z is defined by z = x2 + y. Find the values of x and
y that give z a stationary value and show that this value of z is a
minimum.
13. Find the equation of the tangent to the curve y = 2e3x at the
point where x = 1. Find also the equation of the normal to the
curve at this point.
14. The curve y = ln (3x – k) crosses the x-axis at x = 2. Find the
value of k and the equation of the normal to the curve at this point.
15. Find the equation of the line to the curve y3 – x2 = 7 at the
point (1,2).

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Saya Htay Zaw , B.E (Mech) Sakura Win Japanese Language Center Mathematics II

𝑑2 𝑦 2 𝑑𝑦
16. Given that xy = sin x, prove that + + 𝑦 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝜋
17. Find the x -coordinate for 0 < 𝑥 < of the stationary point
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on the curve y = e2x cos 2x.

18. Find the value of x between 0 and π for which the curve y =
ex sin x has a stationary point.
19. Prove that the curve y = 3x4 + kx has only one turning point.
Find the turning point when k = 12 and determine the nature of this
point.
-2x 𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦
20. If y = (3 + 4x) e , prove that +4 + 4𝑦 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

sin x 𝑑2 𝑦
21. If y = a e , where a is a constant, prove that =
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑𝑦
(cos 𝑥 − tan 𝑥) .
𝑑𝑥

𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 2
22. If y = ln (cos 2x), prove that + ( ) + 4 = 0.
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥