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UNIT 11 – RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY

PARTICIPLES and TO INFINITIVES
A. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY PARTICIPLE PHRASES – MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ ĐƯỢC THAY
THẾ BẰNG CỤM PHÂN TỪ

I. RELATIVE CLAUSE REPLACED BY II. RELATIVE CLAUSE REPLACED BY

PRESENT PARTICIPLE PHRASES (V-ing) PAST PARTICIPLE PHRASES – (V3/ed)
Ex : The man who spoke to John is my brother. Ex : I live in a house that was built in 1980.
 The man speaking to John is my brother.  I live in a house built in 1980.
↓ ↓
V- ing V3 / ed
Notes: - Nhớ bỏ who / which / that, các trợ động từ Notes: Nhớ bỏ who / which / that, các trợ động
(nếu có) từ (nếu có) và tobe.
- Áp dụng khi động từ trong MĐQH ở chủ động. - Áp dụng khi động từ trong MĐQH ở bị
động.
I. Rewrite the following sentences, using present participle phrases:

Ex: The children who attend that school receive a good education.

 The children attending that school receive a good education.

1. The rules that follow public access to wilderness areas need to be reconsidered.
 The .................................................................................................................................................................................... .
2. Any student who does not want to go on the trip should inform the office.
 Any..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
3. Did you get the message which concerned the special meeting?
 Did...................................................................................................................................................................................... .
4. Students who are going on the excursion must take their own lunch.
 Students........................................................................................................................................................................... .
5. People who travel long distances on trains often fall asleep.
 People............................................................................................................................................................................... .
II. Rewrite the following sentences, using past participle phrases
Ex: Be sure to follow the instruction that are given at the top of the page.
 Be sure to follow th instruction given at the top of the page.
1. A throne is the chair which is occupied by a queen, king, or other rules.
 A.......................................................................................................................................................................................... .
2. Our solar system is in a galaxy that is called the Miky Way.
 Our..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
3. Tickets for the concert which has been advertised in local newspapers are expensive.
 Tickets.............................................................................................................................................................................. .
4. The movie which is being shown at our local movie tonight is very exciting.
 The..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
5. Neither of the men who were interviewed this morning is suitable for the job.
 Neither.............................................................................................................................................................................. .
III. Rewrite the following sentences, using present or past participle phrases
1. In hot weather, many people enjoy lemonade which is made of lemon juice, water and sugar.
 In......................................................................................................................................................................................... .
2. Food which passes from the mouth to the stomach goes through a tube called esophagus.
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 Food................................................................................................................................................................................... .
3. He read “The Old Man and the Sea”, which was written by Ernest Hemingway.
 He........................................................................................................................................................................................ .
4. Only a few of the movies that are shown at the Gray Theater are suitable for children.
 Only.................................................................................................................................................................................... .
5. The children attended a special movie program that consisted of cartoons of Donald Duck and Micky
Mouse.
 The..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
............................................................................................................................................................................................. .
6. Two – third of people who were arrested for motobike theft are under twenty years years of age.
 Two.................................................................................................................................................................................... .
7. I was awakened by the sound of laughter which came from the room next door to mine at the motel.
 I............................................................................................................................................................................................ .
8. Arizona, which was once thought to be useless desert, is a rapidly growing industrial and
agricultural state.
 Arizona............................................................................................................................................................................. .
............................................................................................................................................................................................. .
9. The couple who live in the house next door are both college professors.
 The..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
10. The poster which has been put on the notice board tells residents to save water.
 The..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
B. RELATIVE CLAUSES REPLACED BY “TO INFINITIVE” – MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ ĐƯỢC THAY THẾ
BẰNG ĐỘNG TỪ NGUYÊN MẪU.

I. Động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở II. Động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ ở

CHỦ ĐỘNG BỊ ĐỘNG
Ex: Gagarin was the first man who flew into space. Ex: This is the second person who was killed in
 Gagarin was the first man to fly into space. that way.
↓  This is the second person to be killed in
TO Inf. that way. ↓
Note: bỏ who / which / that To be + V3/ed
Note: bỏ who / which / that

Rewrite the following sentences, using infinitive phrases:

Ex: The last person who leaves the room must turn off the light.
 The last person to leave the room must turn off the light.
1. I haven’t got anything that could open a bottle of wine with.
 I............................................................................................................................................................................................ .
2. He was the first man who left the burning building.
 He........................................................................................................................................................................................ .
3. You are the last person who saw her alive.
 You..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
4. My brother is the only one that realized the danger.
 My....................................................................................................................................................................................... .
5. The pilot was the only man that survived the crash.
 The .................................................................................................................................................................................... .
6. He is always the first who comes and the last who goes.
 He........................................................................................................................................................................................ .
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7. The Queen Elizabeth is the largest ship which has been built on the island.
 The..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
8. I was the only person that saw the difficulty.
 I............................................................................................................................................................................................ .
9. Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon.
 Neil..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
10. She was the first man woman that took her seat in Parliament.
 She...................................................................................................................................................................................... .
11. The fifth man who was interviewed was completely unsuitable.
 The..................................................................................................................................................................................... .
12. Peter was the only student who was chosen to get the scholarship to study abroad.
 Peter.................................................................................................................................................................................. .
13. John was the last person who left the lecture hall.
 John.................................................................................................................................................................................... .

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