RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SODIUM POTASSIUM AND FAT INTAKE

WITH BLOOD PRESSURE IN OUTPATIENT OF HYPERTENSION AT

PUSKESMAS MLATI I

Chindy Nandha Shary1, Isti Suryani2, Nugraheni Tri Lestari3

Nutrition Department Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta,
Jl. Tatabumi No.3, Banyuraden, Gamping, Sleman
Email : chindynandhasari@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
Background : Hypertension was a condition of increasing blood pressure above
normal, which was 140/90 mmHg. Based on Riskesdas 2013, the prevalence of
hypertension in Indonesia was 25,8%, while Yogyakarta was 25,7%. Consuming
foods which high in sodium and fat with low potassium consumption, were found
in many people with hypertension .
Objective : To determine this relationship between sodium, potassium, and fat
intake with blood pressure in outpatient of hypertension at Puskesmas Mlati I.
Method : This type of research used an observational method with a cross sectional
study. The research was conducted in January 2019. The research population was
outpatients of hypertension at Puskesmas Mlati I with sample of 40 patients. Data
analysis was using Spearman correlation test.
Results : 92,5% (37 patients) had stage I hypertension with the highest of sodium
intake was 7703,9 mg/day and the lowest was 2002,3 mg/day. The highest of
potassium intake was 3830,5 mg/day and the lowest was 1020,8 mg/day, with the
highest of fat intake was 79,3 g/day and the lowest was 14,3 g/day. This results
showed that there was correlation between sodium intake and blood pressure with
p value= 0,031 for systolic and 0,046 for diastolic (p<0,05), there was correlation
between potassium intake and blood pressure with p value= 0,028 for systolic and
0,046 for diastolic (p<0,05), but there was no correlation between fat intake and
blood pressure with p value= 0,407 for systolic and 0,261 for diastolic (p>0,05).
Conclusion : There is a relationship between sodium and potassium intake with
blood pressure, and there is no relationship between fat intake with blood pressure
in outpatient of hypertension at Puskesmas Mlati I.

Keywords : Sodium, Potassium, Fat, Hypertension

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 HUBUNGAN ASUPAN NATRIUM KALIUM DAN LEMAK DENGAN
TEKANAN DARAH PADA PASIEN HIPERTENSI RAWAT JALAN DI
PUSKESMAS MLATI I

Chindy Nandha Shary1, Isti Suryani2, Nugraheni Tri Lestari3

Jurusan Gizi Poltekkes Kemenkes Yogyakarta,
Jl. Tatabumi No.3, Banyuraden, Gamping, Sleman
Email : chindynandhasari@gmail.com

ABSTRAK

Latar Belakang : Hipertensi merupakan keadaan kenaikan tekanan darah di atas

normal, yaitu 140/90 mmHg. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2013, prevalensi hipertensi di
Indonesia sebesar 25,8%, sedangkan Yogyakarta mencapai 25,7%. Mengkonsumsi
makanan tinggi natrium dan lemak dengan konsumsi kalium yang rendah, banyak
ditemukan pada masyarakat dengan hipertensi.
Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui hubungan asupan natrium, kalium, dan lemak
dengan tekanan darah pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas Mlati I.
Metode Penelitian : Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasional
dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan
Januari 2019. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas
Mlati I dengan jumlah sampel 40 orang. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi
Spearman.
Hasil Penelitian : 92,5% (37 pasien) memiliki hipertensi stadium I dengan asupan
natrium tertinggi 7703,9 mg/hari dan terendah 2002,3 mg/hari. Asupan kalium
tertinggi 3830,5 mg/hari dan terendah 1020,8 mg/hari, serta asupan lemak tertinggi
pada responden 79,3 g/hari dan terendah 14,3 g/hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan
ada hubungan asupan natrium dengan tekanan darah ditunjukkan dengan nilai
p=0,031 untuk sistolik dan 0,046 untuk diastolik (p< 0,05), ada hubungan asupan
kalium dengan tekanan darah ditunjukkan dengan nilai p=0,028 untuk sistolik dan
0,046 untuk diastolik (p< 0,05), namun tidak ada hubungan asupan lemak dengan
tekanan darah dengan nilai p=407 untuk sistolik dan 0,261 untuk diastolik (p>0,05).
Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan antara asupan natrium dan kalium dengan
tekanan darah, serta tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan lemak dengan tekanan
darah pada pasien hipertensi rawat jalan di Puskesmas Mlati I.

Kata Kunci : Natrium, Kalium, Lemak, Hipertensi

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