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Lecture Series 16 Canal Headworks PDF
Lecture Series 16 Canal Headworks PDF
General
Canal system starts with the headwork, which can be
Diversion work: Located at the head of the canal system to
direct water from source of supply into canal
Storage work: Reservoir is constructed to meet the
fluctuating water demand. Generally, reservoir are multi-
purpose.
Objects of Headworks
To direct water from river into canal
An obstruction across the river to serve the following purposes
Rise water level locally to maintain gravity flow in canal.
Excessive cutting of the canal is reduced
Reduces the fluctuation in water level
Silt gets drop before it enters into the canal system
Inspection Maintenance
Aprons
Impervious floors
Sediment excluding devices
Canal head regulator
Contd…
Instrumentation and performance
Uplift pressure
Pressure observation pipes
Suspended sediment
IS 4890-1968 (methods for measurement of suspended sediment in
open channels)
u/s, d/s, canal bed and silt excluders places simultaneously
Settlement
Foundation settlement
Retrogression
A phenomenon where succession reverts back to pioneer
conditions, such as water or bare ground. Examples of
retrogression are flood waters, fire and volcanic eruptions.
Expected downstream of weir/barrage
Gauges from 1000 to 2000 m from weir
Contd…
Instrumentation and performance
Aggradations
A phenomenon where in the afflux is increased (incoming water
level), such as back water effects, flood waters etc,
Expected upstream of weir/barrage
Gauges from 1000 to 2000 m from weir