Group members: Lumosad, Quire Nicole D.

Bara, Naber
Natividad, Jimarfil Roce

Answered by: Lumosad, Quire Nicole D.

Activity A: Solubility of naphthalene and sodium chloride in water and ethyl alcohol.

Properties of Naphthalene:

➢ Usually white in color

➢ Crystalline form
➢ Insoluble in water at a normal room temperature
➢ Molecular weight of 128.18 g/ml

Properties of Sodium chloride:

➢ Crystalline solid
➢ With a density of 2.165 g/ml
➢ White in color
➢ Melting point of 801 ℃
➢ Boiling point of 1,413 ℃

Solvents Naphthalene Sodium chloride

In strongly polar solvents Chloride is water soluble.

Tap Water like water, naphthalene is Electrical charges and the
insoluble. Because non-polar fact that both water and salt
solutes cannot compete with molecules are polar, with
the strong attraction that positive and negative
polar solvent molecules charges on opposite sides of
have for each other, they do the molecule, cause it to
not dissolve in polar solvents dissolve in water.
like water. Non-polar and
somewhat polar solvents ✔
such as benzene, toluene,
and carbon disulphide, on
the other hand, are soluble
in it.
✘
 Naphthalene is a chemical Some chloride does dissolve
Ethyl Alcohol compound that can be found in the alcohol, but just a
in a wide range of products. little amount. Because
Ethyl alcohol dissolves it. alcohol molecules have a
lower charge than water, it
✔ dissolves more slowly in
alcohol.
✘

Answered by: Natividad, Jimarfil Roce

Activity B.

Solution Electrolytes Non- Electrolytes

Sodium Chloride

Sodium Chloride is known to

dissociate into Na+ and the CI-
ions therefore it is an
electrolyte.
Glycerin

Glycerin is not an electrolyte

because it doesn’t have to break
up ions, break up ions are the
ones that conduct a current
(conductivity).
Isopropyl Alcohol

Isopropyl Alcohol doesn’t have

ions so it’s not an electrolyte.

Answered by: Bara, Naber A.

Activity C. PRINCIPLES OF TESTS FOR ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS AND POSITIVE RESULTS.

IGNITION TEST

A little quantity of sample is placed on a spatula and placed in the flame of a Bunsen burner, slowly
bringing the substance closer to the flame until it ignites. To analyze the results, it is best to first do the
test with hexane, benzene, and alcohol, examining the properties of each. The regions of the flame must
be considered.

ALKENE FORMATION
Alkenes are often synthesized by elimination processes in which two atoms on neighboring carbon
atoms are eliminated, resulting in the formation of a double bond. As the bromine interacts with the
carbon-carbon double bond, an alkene turns dark bromine water colorless. This reaction will occur for
unsaturated compounds with carbon-carbon double bonds.

BAEYERS TEST FPR UNSATURATION

The underlying idea behind Baeyer's unsaturation test is that hydrocarbons are reduced to substituent
dihydroxy compounds termed glycols when they react with cold water or slightly alkaline potassium
permanganate. Two –OH groups are joined to two neighboring carbons in glycols. When alkaline
potassium permanganate is given to an unsaturated hydrocarbon in this test, the pink color of
potassium permanganate vanishes.

BROMINE IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE TEST

Bromine will react with the carbon-carbon double bond of alkenes to form dibromoalkane and with
alkynes to make tetrabromoalkanes in this test. Once this process occurred, molecule bromine is
destroyed, and the distinctive dark red-brown color vanishes if bromine is not provided in excess. The
quick elimination of the bromine color indicates that the solution is unsaturated.

ACETYLENE FORMATION

Acetylene can be made in one of three ways: by reacting water with calcium carbide, bypassing a
hydrocarbon using an electric arc, or by partially burning methane with air or oxygen. Acetylene
interacts with oxygen in this test to produce carbon dioxide and water.
Answered by: Lumosad, Quire Nicole D.
Bara, Naber
Natividad, Jimarfil Roce
ACTIVITY D Directions: Identify the different solutions if it is Saturated or Unsaturated

SOLUTIONS SATURATED UNSATURATED

CYCLOHEXANE 🗸
Due to the absence of pi
bonds, cyclohexane is
termed saturated.

N-HEXANE 🗸
We can't add any more
atoms to N-hexane
without disrupting bonds
from existing atoms,
hence it's also termed
saturated.

ACETYLENE 🗸
Acetylene is a non-
saturated gas since there
are two carbon atoms. A
triple bond is formed
when two atoms are
joined together.

References:

http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/saturated-and-unsaturated-solutions/

https://www.verywellhealth.com/difference-between-saturated-fats-and-unsaturated-fats-697517