CHAPTER – 2

FRACTIONS

Exercise 2.1
Page No: 2.12

Question 1: Compare the following fractions by using the symbol >

T IO S
or < or =:

I
𝟕
NO A D
(i) ( ) and ( )
𝟖

CO N
𝟗 𝟏𝟑
A
𝟏𝟏 𝟓

PY
(ii) ( ) and ( )
DO U A
𝟗 𝟗
𝟑𝟕
T 𝟏𝟗
(iii) ( ) and ( )
ED PR

𝟒𝟏 𝟑𝟎
𝟏𝟕 𝟏𝟏𝟗
(iv) ( ) and ( )
C

𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟎𝟓
©

Solution:
7 8
(i) Given ( ) and ( )
9 13

Taking LCM for 9 and 13 we get,

9 × 13 = 117
Now we convert the given fractions into its equivalent fractions, then it
becomes
7 × 13 (8 × 9)
(9 × 13)
and (13
× 9)
91 72
Therefore ( )>( )
117 117
7 8
Hence ( ) > ( )
9 13
 11 5
(ii) Given ( ) and ( )
9 9

As the denominator is equal, they form equivalent fractions.

But we know that 11 > 5
11 5
Hence ( ) > ( )
9 9
37 19
(iii) Given ( ) and ( )
41 30

T IO S
Taking LCM for 41 and 30 we get,

I
30 × 41 = 1230
NO A D
CO N
Now we convert the given fractions into its equivalent fractions, then it
A
becomes

PY
DO U A
(37 × 30) (19 × 41)
and
(41 × 30)
T (30 × 31)
ED PR

1110 779
Therefore ( )>( )
1230 1230
C

37 19
Hence ( ) > ( )
©

41 30
17 119
(iv) Given ( ) and ( )
15 105

Taking LCM for 15 and 105 we get, 5 × 3 × 7 = 105

Now we convert the given fractions into its equivalent fractions, then it
becomes
(17 × 7) 119
and ( )
(15 × 7) 105
119 119
Therefore ( )=( )
105 105
17 119
Hence ( ) = ( )
15 105
Question 2: Arrange the following fractions in ascending order:
𝟑 𝟓 𝟔 𝟐 𝟏
(i) ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
𝟖 𝟔 𝟖 𝟒 𝟑
𝟒 𝟑 𝟔 𝟓
(ii) ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
𝟔 𝟖 𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟔

Solution:
3 5 6 2 1
(i) Given ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
8 6 8 4 3

T IO S
Now we have to arrange these in ascending order, to arrange these in
ascending order we have to make those as equivalent fractions by taking

I
LCM’s.
NO A D
CO N
A
LCM of 8, 6, 4 and 3 is 24

PY
DO U A
Equivalent fractions are
T
9 20 18 12 8
( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
ED PR

24 24 24 24 24

We know that 8 < 9 < 12 < 18 < 20

C

Now arranging in ascending order

©

8 9 12 18 20
( )<( )<( )<( )<( )
24 24 24 24 24
1 3 2 6 5
Hence ( ) < ( ) < ( ) < ( ) < ( )
3 8 4 8 6
4 3 6 5
(ii) Given ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
6 8 12 16

Now we have to arrange these in ascending order, to arrange these in

ascending order we have to make those as equivalent fractions by taking
LCM’s.
LCM of 8, 6, 12 and 16 is 48
Equivalent fractions are
 12 15 18 32
( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
48 48 48 48

We know that 12 < 15 < 18 < 32

Now arranging in ascending order
12 15 18 32
( )<( )<( )<( )
48 48 48 48
6 5 3 4
( )<( )<( )<( )
12 16 8 6

T IO S I
Question 3: Arrange the following fractions in descending order:
NO A D
CO N
𝟒 𝟕 𝟏𝟏 𝟏𝟕
(i) ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
A
𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟓 𝟐𝟎

PY
𝟐 𝟏𝟏 𝟗 𝟏𝟑
DO U A
(ii) ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
𝟕 𝟑𝟓 𝟏𝟒 𝟐𝟖
T
ED PR

Solution:
4 7 11 17
(i) Given ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
C

5 10 15 20
©

Now we have to arrange these in ascending order, to arrange these in

ascending order we have to make those as equivalent fractions by taking
LCM’s.
LCM of 5, 10, 15 and 20 is 60
Equivalent fractions are
48 42 44 51
( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
60 60 60 60

We know that 51 > 48 > 44 > 42

Now arranging in ascending order
17 4 11 7
Hence ( ) > ( ) > ( ) > ( )
20 5 15 10
 2 11 9 13
(ii) Given ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
7 35 14 28

Now we have to arrange these in ascending order, to arrange these in

ascending order we have to make those as equivalent fractions by taking
LCM’s.
LCM of 7, 35, 14 and 28 is 140
Equivalent fractions are
40 44 95 60
( ), ( ), ( ), ( )

T IO S
140 140 140 140

I
We know that 95 > 60 > 44 > 40
NO A D
CO N
Now arranging in ascending order
A
9 13 11 2

PY
Hence ( ) > ( ) > ( ) > ( )
DO U A
14 28 35 7
T
ED PR
C

𝟑
Question 4: Write five equivalent fraction of ( ).
©

Solution:
3
Given ( )
5

By multiplying or dividing both the numerator and denominator so that it

keeps the same value by this we can get the equivalent fractions.
(3 × 2) (3 × 3) (3 × 4) (3 × 5) (3 × 6)
(5 × 2)
, , , ,
(5 × 3) (5 × 4) (5 × 5) (5 × 6)

Equivalent fractions are

6 9 12 15 18
( ), ( ), ( ), ( ), ( )
10 15 20 25 30
Question 5: Find the sum:
𝟓 𝟑
(i) ( ) + ( )
𝟖 𝟏𝟎
𝟑 𝟐
(ii) 4 ( ) + 9 ( )
𝟒 𝟓
𝟓 𝟑
(iii) ( ) + 3 + ( )
𝟔 𝟒
𝟑 𝟕 𝟒
(iv) 2 ( ) + 4 ( ) + 2 ( )
𝟓 𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟓

T IO S
Solution:

I
NO A D
(i) Given ( ) + ( )
5 3

CO N
8 10
A
Taking LCM for 8 and 10 we get 40

PY
DO U A
Now we have to convert the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
T
denominator 40
ED PR

5 3 (5 × 5) (3 × 4)
( ) + ( ) = (8 + (10
8 10 × 5) × 4)
C

25 12
©

=( )+( )
40 40
37
=( )
40
3 2
(ii) Given 4 ( ) + 9 ( )
4 5

First convert given mixed fractions into improper fractions.

3 2 19 47
4( )+9( )=( )+( )
4 5 4 5

Taking LCM for 4 and 5 we get 20

Now we have to convert the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 20
 3 2 19 47 (19 × 5) (47 × 4)
4( )+9( )=( )+( )= (4 × 5)
+ (5 × 4)
4 5 4 5
95 188
=( )+( )
20 20
283
=( )
20
5 3
(iii) Given ( ) + 3 + ( )
6 4

Taking LCM for 6, 1 and 4 we get 12

T IO S
Now we have to convert the given fractions into equivalent fractions with

I
denominator 12
NO A D
CO N
5 3 (5 × 2) (3 × 12) (3 × 3)
A
( ) + 3 + ( ) = (6 + (1 + (4
6 4 × 2) × 12) × 3)

PY
DO U A
10 36 9
=( )+( )+( )
12 12 12
T
ED PR

55
=( )
12
3 7 4
C

(iv) Given 2( ) + 4( ) + 2 ( )
5 10 15
©

First convert given mixed fractions into improper fractions

3 7 4 13 47 34
2( )+4( )+2( )=( )+( )+( )
5 10 15 5 10 15

Taking LCM for 5, 10 and 15 we get 30

Now we have to convert the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 30
3 7 4 13 47 34 (13 × 6) (47 × 3) (34 × 2)
2( )+4( )+2( )=( )+( )+( )= (5 × 6)
+ (10 + (15
5 10 15 5 10 15 × 3) × 2)
78 141 68
=( )+( )+( )
30 30 30
287
=( )
30
Question 6: Find the difference of:
𝟏𝟑 𝟕
(i) ( ) and ( )
𝟐𝟒 𝟏𝟔
𝟐𝟑
(ii) 6 and ( )
𝟑
𝟐𝟏 𝟏𝟖
(iii) ( ) and ( )
𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟎
𝟑 𝟕
(iv) 3 ( ) and 2 ( )
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟓

T IO S
Solution:

I
NO A D
(i) Given ( ) and ( )
13 7

CO N
24 16
A
To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

PY
DO U A
Taking LCM of 24 and 16 is 48.
T
ED PR

Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with

denominator 48.
C

13 7 26 21
( )–( )=( )–( )
©

24 16 48 48
(26 – 21)
=
48
5
=( )
48
23
(ii) Given 6 and ( )
3

To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

Taking LCM of 3 and 1 is 3.
Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 3.
23 23 18
( )–6=( )–( )
3 3 3
 (23 – 18)
=
3
5
=( )
3
21 18
(iii) Given ( ) and ( )
25 20

To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

Taking LCM of 25 and 20 is 100.

T IO S
Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 100.

I
18
NO A D
21 90 84

CO N
( )–( )=( )–( )
A
20 25 100 100
(90 – 84)

PY
=
DO U A
100
T
6
ED PR

=
100

By converting it into its simplest form we get

C

3
©

=
50
3 7
(iv) Given 3 ( ) and 2 ( )
10 15

First convert given mixed fractions into improper fractions.

33 37
( ) and ( )
10 15

To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

Taking LCM of 10 and 15 is 30.
Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 30.
33 37 99 74
( )–( )=( )–( )
10 15 30 30
 (99 – 74)
=
30
25
=( )
30

By converting it into simplest form we get

5
=( )
6

T IO S
Question 7: Find the difference:

I
𝟔 𝟗
(i) ( ) – ( )
𝟕
NO A D 𝟏𝟏

CO N
A
𝟓
(ii) 8 – ( )
𝟗

PY
DO U A
𝟐
(iii) 9 – 5 ( )
T 𝟑
ED PR

𝟑 𝟐
(iv) 𝟒 ( ) – 𝟏 ( )
𝟏𝟎 𝟏𝟓
C

Solution:
©

6 9
(i) Given ( ) – ( )
7 11

To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

Taking LCM of 7 and 11 is 77.
Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 77.
66 63
Equivalent fractions are ( ) and ( )
77 77
6 9 66 63
( )–( ) = ( )–( )
7 11 77 77
(66 – 63)
=
77
 3
=( )
77
5
(ii) Given 8 – ( )
9

To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

Taking LCM of 1 and 9 is 9.
Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 9.

T IO S
72 5
Equivalent fractions are ( ) and ( )

I
9 9

NO A D
5 72 5

CO N
8 – ( ) = ( )–( )
A
9 9 9
(72−5)

PY
=
DO U A
9
T
67
ED PR

=( )
9
2
(iii) Given 9 – 5 ( )
C

3
©

First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fraction.

2 17
We get 5 ( ) = ( )
3 3

To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

Taking LCM of 1 and 3 is 3.
Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with
denominator 3.
27 17
Equivalent fractions are ( ) and ( )
3 3
2 27 17
9 – 5( ) = ( )–( )
3 3 3
10
=( )
3
 3 2
(iv) Given 4 ( ) – 1 ( )
10 15

First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fraction.

43 17
We get ( ) and ( )
10 15

To find the difference we have to make it equivalent fractions.

Taking LCM of 10 and 15 is 30.
Now converting the given fractions into equivalent fractions with

T IO S
denominator 30.

I
NO A D
Equivalent fractions are (
129 34
) and ( )

CO N
30 30
A
3 2 43 17
4( )–1( ) = ( )–( )

PY
10 15 10 15
DO U A

129 34
T
=( )–( )
ED PR

30 30
(129 – 34)
=
30
C

95
©

=( )
30
19
=( )
6

Question 8: Simplify:
𝟐 𝟏 𝟐
(i) ( ) + ( ) – ( )
𝟑 𝟔 𝟗
𝟏
(ii) 12 – 3 ( )
𝟐
𝟓 𝟑 𝟕
(iii) 𝟕 ( ) – 𝟒 ( ) + 𝟐 ( )
𝟔 𝟖 𝟏𝟐

Solution:
 2 1 2
(i) Given ( ) + ( ) – ( )
3 6 9

Taking the LCM of 3, 6 and 9 is 18

Now we have to convert the given fraction into equivalent fraction with
denominator 18
2 1 2 12 3 4
( ) + ( ) –( ) = ( )+ ( ) –( )
3 6 9 18 18 18
(12 + 3 – 4)
=

T IO S
18
11

I
=
18
NO A D
CO N
1
(ii) Given 12 – 3 ( )
A
2

PY
First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fraction we get (7/2)
DO U A
T
Taking the LCM of 2 and 1 is 2
ED PR

Now we have to convert the given fraction into equivalent fraction with
denominator 2
C
©

1 24 7
12 – 3 ( ) = ( ) – ( )
2 2 2
(24 −7)
=
2
17
= ( )
2
5 3 7
(iii) Given 7 ( ) – 4 ( ) + 2 ( )
6 8 12

First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fraction we get
47 35 31
( ) , ( ) and ( )
6 8 12

Taking the LCM of 12, 6 and 8 is 48

Now we have to convert the given fraction into equivalent fraction with
denominator 48
 5 3 7 47 35 31
7( )–4( ) + 2( ) = ( )–( ) + ( )
6 8 12 6 8 12
376 210 124
= ( )–( )+( )
48 48 48
(376 – 210 + 124)
=
48
290
= ( )
48
145
= ( )

T IO S
24

I
NO A D 𝟑

CO N
Question 9: What should be added to 5 ( ) to get 12?
A
𝟕

PY
Solution:
DO U A

3
T
Given 5( )
ED PR

7
38
First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fraction we get ( )
7
C

38
©

Let x be the number added to ( ) to get 12

7
38
Therefore, x + ( ) = 12
7
38
x = 12 – ( )
7

By taking LCM for 7 and 1 is 7

(12 × 7 – 38)
𝑥 =
7
(84 – 38)
𝑥 =
7
46
𝑥 = ( )
7
46 3
Hence ( ) is the number which is added to 5 ( ) to get 12.
7 7
 𝟒 𝟑
Question 10: What should be added to 5 ( ) to get 12 ( )?
𝟏𝟓 𝟓

Solution:
4
Given 5 ( )
15
79
First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fraction we get ( )
15
79 63
Let x be the number added to ( ) to get ( )
15 5

T IO S
79 63
Therefore, x + ( ) = ( )

I
15 5

NO A D
63 79

CO N
𝑥 = ( )–( )
A
5 15

PY
By taking LCM for 15 and 5 is 15
DO U A

(63 × 3 – 79)
T
𝑥 =
ED PR

15
(189 – 79)
𝑥 =
15
C

110 22
©

𝑥 =( )=( )
15 3
22 4 3
Hence ( ) is the number which is added to 5 ( ) to get 12 ( ).
3 15 5

𝟐 𝟒
Question 11: Suman studies for 5 ( ) hours daily. She devotes 2 ( )
𝟑 𝟓
hours of her time for Science and Mathematics. How much time does
she devote for other subject?
Solution:
2 17
Given Suman studies for 5 ( ) hours i.e. ( ) hours
3 3
4 14
And she devotes 2 ( ) hours i.e. ( ) hours for Science and mathematics.
5 5
Let x be the hours she devotes for other subjects.
17 14
( )= 𝑥 + ( )
3 5
17 14
𝑥 = ( )–( )
3 5

By taking LCM of 3 and 5 is 15

(17 × 5 – 14× 3)
𝑥 =
15

T IO S
(85 – 42)
𝑥 =
15

I
NO A D
43
𝑥 = ( ) = 2 ( ) hours
13

CO N
15 15
A

PY
DO U A
𝟑
Question 12: A piece of wire is of length 12 ( ) m. If it is cut into two
T 𝟒
ED PR

𝟏
pieces in such a way that the length of one piece is 5 ( ) m, what is the
𝟒
length of other piece?
C
©

Solution:
3 51
Given the total length of piece of wire is 12 ( ) i.e. ( ) m
4 4
1 21
Length of one piece of wire is 5 ( ) i.e. ( ) m
4 4

Let the length of other piece be ‘x’ m

51 21
( )=𝑥 + ( )
4 4
51 21
𝑥 = ( )–( )
4 4
(51−21)
𝑥=
4
30
𝑥 = ( )
4
 15
𝑥 = ( )
2
1
𝑥 = 7( )m
2

𝟏
Question 13: A rectangular sheet of paper is 12 ( ) cm long and 10
𝟐
𝟐
( ) cm wide. Find its perimeter.
𝟑

T IO S
Solution:

I
1 25
Given length of rectangular sheet of paper is 12 ( ) i.e. ( )
NO A D 2 2

CO N
A
2 32
Breadth of rectangular sheet of paper is 10 ( ) i.e. ( )
3 3

PY
DO U A
But we know that perimeter of rectangle = 2 (length + breadth)
T
ED PR

25 32
Perimeter of rectangular sheet = 2 [( ) + ( )]
2 3

LCM of 2 and 3 is 6, by taking this and simplifying we get

C
©

(25 × 3) (32 × 2)
Perimeter = 2 [ + ]
6 6
75 64
= 2 [( ) + ( )]
6 6
139
= 2( )
6
139
= ( )
3
1
= 46 ( ) cm
3

Question 14. In a “magic square”, the sum of the numbers in each

row, in each column and along the diagonal is the same. Is this a magic
square?
 4 9 2
( ) ( ) ( )
11 11 11
3 5 7
( ) ( ) ( )
11 11 11
8 1 6
( ) ( ) ( )
11 11 11

Solution:
4 3 8 15
Along first column = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) = ( )
11 11 11 11

T IO S
9 5 7 15
Along second column = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) = ( )

I
11 11 11 11

NO A D 2 7 6 15

CO N
Along third column = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) = ( )
A
11 11 11 11
4 9 2 15

PY
Along first row = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) = ( )
DO U A
11 11 11 11
T
3 5 7 15
ED PR

Along second row = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) = ( )

11 11 11 11
8 1 6 15
Along third row = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) = ( )
C

11 11 11 11
©

4 5 6 15
Along diagonal = ( ) + ( ) + ( ) = ( )
11 11 11 11
2 5 8 15
=( )+( )+( )= ( )
11 11 11 11
15
Therefore, sum along all direction is same i.e. ( ). Hence it is a magical
11
square

𝟑
Question 15: The cost of Mathematics book is Rs 25 ( ) and that of
𝟒
𝟏
Science book is Rs 20 ( ). Which cost more and by how much?
𝟐

Solution:
 3 103
Given the cost of Mathematics book is Rs 25 ( ) i.e. ( )
4 4
1 41
Cost of Science book is Rs 20 ( ) i.e.( )
2 2

Now taking the LCM of 2 and 4 is 4

Now we have to convert the given fractions into its equivalent fractions
with denominator 4
103
Mathematics book cost is Rs ( )
4

T IO S
41 ×2 82

I
Science book cost is Rs ( )=( )
NO A D 2× 2 4

CO N
(103 – 82) 21 1
A
= = 5( )
4 4 4

PY
DO U A
Hence the cost of Mathematics book is more than cost of Science book by
1
T
5( )
ED PR

4
C

Question 16: (i) Provide the number in box [ ] and also give its
©

simplest form in each of the following:

𝟐
(i) ( ) × [ ] = (10/30)
𝟑
𝟑
(ii) ( ) × [ ] = (24/75)
𝟓

Solution:
2 5 10
(i) ( ) × [ ] = ( )
3 10 30
3 8 24
(ii) ( ) × [ ] = ( )
5 15 75
 Exercise 2.2
Page No: 2.19
Question 1: Multiply:
𝟕 𝟑
(i) ( ) by ( )
𝟏𝟏 𝟓
𝟑
(ii) ( ) by 25
𝟓
𝟒
(iii) 3 ( ) by 24

T IO S
𝟏𝟓

I
𝟏 𝟏𝟎
(iv) 3 ( ) by 4 ( )
NO A D
𝟖 𝟏𝟏

CO N
A
Solution:

PY
7 3
DO U A
(i) Given ( ) by ( )
11 5
T
ED PR

We have to multiply the given number

7 3 21
( )×( )= ( )
C

11 5 55
©

3
(ii) Given ( ) by 25
5
3
( ) × 25 = 15 [dividing 25 by 5]
5
4
(iii) Given 3 ( ) by 24
15

First convert the given mixed fraction to improper fraction.

49 1176
( ) × 24 = ( )
15 24
2
= 78 ( )
5
1 10
(iv) Given 3 ( ) by 4 ( )
8 11

First convert the given mixed fraction to improper fraction.

 25 54 1350 675
( )×( )=( )=( )
8 11 88 44
15
= 15 ( )
44

Question 2: Find the product:

𝟒 𝟏𝟒
(i) ( ) × ( )
𝟕 𝟐𝟓

T IO S
𝟏 𝟒
(ii) 7 ( ) × 2 ( )
𝟐 𝟏𝟓

I
NO A D 𝟔
(iii) 3 ( ) × 4 ( )
𝟐

CO N
𝟕 𝟑
A
𝟏𝟏 𝟏
(iv) 6 ( ) × 3 ( )

PY
𝟏𝟒 𝟐
DO U A

Solution:
T
ED PR

4 14
(i) Given ( ) × ( )
7 25
C

4 14 (4 × 14)
( ) × ( ) = (7
©

7 25 × 25)
56
= ( )
175

Converting above fractions into simplest form

8
=( )
25
1 4
(ii) Given 7 ( ) × 2 ( )
2 15

We have convert mixed fractions into improper fractions

15 34
Then we get ( ) and ( )
2 15
1 4 15 34
= 7 ( )×2 ( )= ( )×( )
2 15 2 15
 (15 × 34)
= (2 × 15)
510
= ( )
30

= 17
6 2
(iii) Given 3 ( ) × 4 ( )
7 3

We have convert mixed fractions into improper fractions

T IO S
27 14
Then we get ( ) and ( )
7 3

I
NO A D
6 2
= 3( )× 4( ) = ( )× ( )
27 14

CO N
7 3 7 3
A
On simplifying

PY
DO U A
=9×2
T
ED PR

= 18
11 1
(iv) Given 6 ( ) × 3 ( )
C

14 2
©

We have convert mixed fractions into improper fractions

95 7
Then we get ( ) and ( )
14 2
11 1 95 7
6( )× 3( ) = ( )× ( )
14 2 14 2
(95 × 7)
=
28
665
= ( )
28
3
= 23 ( )
4
Question 3: Simplify:
𝟏𝟐 𝟏𝟓 𝟑𝟓
(i) ( ) × ( ) × ( )
𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟖 𝟑𝟔
𝟏𝟎 𝟑𝟗 𝟐𝟖
(ii) ( ) × ( ) × ( )
𝟐𝟕 𝟓𝟔 𝟔𝟓
𝟐 𝟐 𝟑𝟑
(iii) 𝟐 ( ) × 𝟕 ( ) × 𝟏 ( )
𝟏𝟕 𝟗 𝟓𝟐

Solution:

T IO S
12 15 35
(i) Given ( ) × ( ) × ( )
25 28 36

I
NO A D
(12 × 15 × 35)
= (25

CO N
× 28 × 36)
A
6300
= ( )

PY
25200
DO U A
T
On simplifying we get
ED PR

1
=( )
4
C

10 39 28
(ii) Given ( ) × ( ) × ( )
©

27 56 65
(10 × 39 × 28)
= (27
× 56 × 65)
10900
=( )
98280

On simplifying we get
1
=( )
9
2 2 33
(iii) Given 2 ( ) × 7 ( ) × 1 ( )
17 9 52

First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fraction then we get
36 65 85
= ( )×( )×( )
17 9 52
 (36 × 65 × 85)
= (17 × 9 × 52)
198900
= ( )
7956

On simplifying we get
= 25

Question 4: Find:

T IO S
𝟏 𝟐

I
(i) ( ) of 4 ( )
𝟐 𝟗
NO A D
CO N
𝟓 𝟐
A
(ii) ( ) of 9 ( )
𝟖 𝟑

PY
𝟐 𝟗
DO U A
(iii) ( ) of ( )
𝟑 𝟏𝟔
T
ED PR

Solution:
1 2
(i) Given ( ) of 4 ( )
C

2 9
©

First convert given mixed fraction into improper fraction then we get
(38/9)
1 38
= ( ) × ( )
2 9
(1 × 38)
= (2 × 9)
38
= ( )
18
1
= 2( )
9
5 2
(ii) Given ( ) of 9 ( )
8 3
29
First convert given mixed fraction into improper fraction then we get ( )
3
 5 29
= ( ) × ( )
8 3
(5 × 29)
= (8 × 3)
145
= ( )
24
1
= 6( )
24
2 9
(iii) Given ( ) of ( )

T IO S
3 16
2 9

I
= ( ) × ( )
3
NO A D 16

CO N
(2 ×9)
A
= (3
× 16)

PY
DO U A
18
= ( )
48
T
ED PR

3
= ( )
8
C
©

Question 5: Which is greater? (1/2) of (6/7) or (2/3) of (3/7)

Solution:
1 6
Given ( ) of ( )
2 7
1 6
= ( )×( )
2 7
(1 × 6)
= (2
× 7)
6
= ( )
14
2 3
Also given that ( ) of ( )
3 7
 2 3
= ( )×( )
3 7
(2 × 3)
= (3
× 7)
6
= ( )
21

While comparing two fractions, if numerators of both the fractions is

same, then the denominator having higher value shows the fraction has
lower value.

T IO S
6
Therefore ( ) is greater.

I
14

NO A D
CO N
1 6
Hence ( ) of ( ) is greater.
A
2 7

PY
DO U A
T
Question 6: Find:
ED PR

𝟕
(i) ( ) of Rs 330
𝟏𝟏
C

𝟓
(ii) ( ) of 108 meters
©

𝟗
𝟑
(iii) ( ) of 42 liters
𝟕
𝟏
(iv) ( ) of an hour
𝟏𝟐
𝟓
(v) ( ) of a year
𝟔
𝟑
(vi) ( ) of a kg
𝟐𝟎
𝟕
(vii) ( ) of a liter
𝟐𝟎
𝟓
(viii) ( ) of a day
𝟔
 𝟐
(ix) ( ) of a week
𝟕

Solution:
7
(i) Given ( ) of Rs 330
11
7
= ( ) × 330
11

On dividing by 11 we get

T IO S
= 7 × 30

I
= 210
NO A D
CO N
7
( ) of Rs 330 is Rs 210
A
11

PY
5
DO U A
(ii) Given ( ) of 108 meters
9
T
ED PR

5
= ( ) × 108
9

Dividing 108 by 9 we get

C
©

= 5 × 12
= 60
5
( ) of 108 meters is 60 meters
9
3
(iii) Given ( ) of 42 liters
7
3
= ( ) × 42
7

Dividing 42 by 7 we get
=3×6
= 18
 3
( ) of 42 liters is 18 liters
7
1
(iv) Given ( ) of an hour
12

An hour = 60 minutes
1
= ( ) × 60
12

Dividing 60 by 12 we get

T IO S
=1×5

I
=5
NO A D
CO N
1
( ) of an hour is 5 minutes
A
12

PY
5
DO U A
(v) Given ( ) of a year
6
T
ED PR

1 year = 12 months
5
= ( ) × 12
C

6
©

Dividing 12 by 6 we get
=5×2
= 10
5
( ) of a year is 10 months
6
3
(vi) Given ( ) of a kg
20

1 kg = 1000 grams
3
= ( ) × 1000
20

= 3 × 50
= 150
 3
( ) of a kg is 150 grams
20
7
(vii) Given ( ) of a liter
20

1 liter = 1000 ml
7
= ( ) × 1000
20

= 7 × 50

T IO S
= 350

I
7
( ) of a liter is 350ml
20
NO A D
CO N
A
5
(viii) Given ( ) of a day
6

PY
DO U A
1 day = 24 hours
T
ED PR

5
= ( ) × 24
6

= 5×4
C
©

= 20
5
( ) of a day is 20 hours
6
2
(ix) Given ( ) of a week
7

1 week = 7 days
2
= ( )× 7
7

= 2×1
=2
2
( ) of a week is 2 days
7
Question 7: Shikha plants 5 saplings in a row in her garden. The
distance between two adjacent saplings is ¾ m. Find the distance
between the first and the last sapling.
Solution:
Given that the distance between two adjacent saplings is (3/4) m
There are 4 adjacent spacing for 5 sapling
Therefore, distance between the first and the last sapling is

T IO S
3
=( )×4

I
4

=3 NO A D
CO N
A
The distance between them is 3m

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

𝟏
Question 8: Ravish reads ( ) part of a book in 1 hour. How much
𝟑
𝟏
part of the book will he read in 2 ( ) hours?
C

𝟓
©

Solution:
1
Given Ravish takes 1 hour to read ( ) part of the book
3
1
Then we have to calculate how much part he will read in 2 ( ) hours
5
11
First convert the given mixed fraction into improper fractions is ( )
5

Now let x be the full part of book

1
1 hour = ( ) x
3

Remaining part of the book, he will read in

11 1
= ( ) × ( )𝑥
5 3
 11
= ( ) part of the book
5

𝟑
Question 9: Lipika reads a book for 1 ( ) hours every day. She reads
𝟒
the entire book in 6 days. How many hours in all were required by
her to read the book?
Solution:

T IO S
3 7
Given time taken by Lipika to read a book per day = 1 ( ) = ( ) hours
4 4

I
NO A D 7
Time taken by Lipika to read for book in 6 days = ( ) × 6

CO N
4
A
42
=( )

PY
4
DO U A
T
= 10 ½ hours
ED PR

𝟐
C

Question 10: Find the area of a rectangular park which is 41 ( ) m

𝟑
©

𝟑
along and 18 ( ) m broad.
𝟓

Solution:
2 145
Given length of rectangular park is = 41 ( ) = ( )
3 3
3 93
Breadth of rectangular park is = 18 ( ) = ( )
5 5

Area of rectangular park = length × breadth

145 93
= ( )×( )
3 5

= (145 × 93)/15
11625
= ( )
15
= 775 m2

𝟑
Question 11: If milk is available at Rs 17 ( ) per liter, find the cost
𝟒
𝟐
of 7 ( ) liters of milk.
𝟓

Solution:
3 71
Given the cost of milk per liter is = 17( ) = Rs ( )
4 4

T IO S
2 37

I
And the cost of 7 ( ) = ( ) is
NO A D 5 5

CO N
37 71
A
= ( )×( )
5 4

PY
(37 × 71)
DO U A
=
20
T
ED PR

2327
= ( )
20

= Rs 131 (7/20)
C
©

Question 12: Sharada can walk 8 (1/3) km in one hour. How much
distance will she cover in 2 (2/5) hours?
Solution:
1 25
Given distance covered by Sharada in one hour = 8 ( ) = ( ) km
3 3
2 12
Distance covered by her in 2 ( ) hours = ( ) is
5 5
25 12
= ( )×( )
3 5
(25 × 12)
=
15
 300
= ( )
15

= 20 km

Question 13: A sugar bag contains 30kg of sugar. After consuming

(2/3) of it, how much sugar is left in the bag?
Solution:

T IO S
A sugar bag contains 30kg of sugar.

I
2
After consuming, the left sugar in the bag is = 30− ( ) × 30
NO A D 3

CO N
A
= 30 – 2 × 10

PY
= 30 – 20
DO U A
T
= 10kg
ED PR
C

𝟐
Question 14: Each side of a square is 6 ( ) m long. Find it area.
©

Solution:
2 20
Side of a square = 6 ( ) = ( ) m
3 3

Area of square = side × side

20 20
= ( )×( )
3 3
400
= ( )
9

= 44 (4/9) m2
 𝟑
Question 15: There are 45 students in a class and ( ) of them are boys.
𝟓
How many girls are there in the class?
Solution:
Total number of students = 45
3
Number of boys out of 45 is = ( )
5
3
Number of girls = 45 – ( ) × 45
5

T IO S
= 45 – 3 × 9

I
NO A D
= 45 – 27

CO N
A
= 18 girls

PY
DO U A
T
ED PR

Exercise 2.3
Page No: 2.24
C
©

Question 1: Find the reciprocal of each of the following fractions and

classify them as proper, improper and whole numbers:
𝟑
(i) ( )
𝟕
𝟓
(ii) ( )
𝟖
𝟗
(iii) ( )
𝟕
𝟔
(iv) ( )
𝟓
𝟏𝟐
(v) ( )
𝟕
 𝟏
(vi) ( )
𝟖

Solution:
3
(i) Given ( )
7
3 7
Reciprocal of ( ) is ( )
7 3
7
( ) is improper fraction
3

T IO S
5
(ii) Given ( )

I
8

NO A D 5 8

CO N
Reciprocal of ( ) is ( )
A
8 5

PY
It is improper fraction
DO U A

9
T
(iii) Given ( )
ED PR

7
9 7
Reciprocal of ( ) is ( )
7 9
C

It is proper fraction
©

6
(iv) Given ( )
5
6 5
Reciprocal of ( ) is ( )
5 6

It is proper fraction
12
(v) Given ( )
7
12 7
Reciprocal of ( ) is ( )
7 12

It is proper fraction
1
(vi) Given ( )
8
 1 8
Reciprocal of ( ) is ( ) = 8
8 1

It is whole number

Question 2: Divide:
𝟑 𝟓
(i) ( ) by ( )
𝟖 𝟗
𝟏 𝟐
(ii) 3( ) by ( )

T IO S
𝟒 𝟑

I
𝟕 𝟏
(iii) ( ) by 4( )
NO A D
𝟖 𝟐

CO N
A
𝟏 𝟑
(iv) 6( ) by 2( )
𝟒 𝟓

PY
DO U A
Solution:
T
ED PR

3 5
(i) Given ( ) by ( )
8 9
𝑎 𝑐 𝑎
From the rule of division of fraction, we know that ( ) ÷ ( ) = ( ) ×
C

𝑏 𝑑 𝑏
©

𝑑
( )
𝑐
3
(8) 3 9
5 =( )× ( )
(9) 8 5

(3 × 9)
= (8
× 5)
27
= ( )
40
1 2
(ii) Given 3 ( ) by ( )
4 3
1 13
Converting 3 ( ) to improper we get ( )
4 4
 𝑎 𝑐 𝑎
From the rule of division of fraction, we know that ( ) ÷ ( ) = ( ) ×
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏
𝑑
( )
𝑐
13
(4) 13 3
2 = ( ) × ( )
(3) 4 2

(13 × 3)
= (4 × 2)
39
= ( )

T IO S
8

I
2
= 4( )
NO A D
7

CO N
A
7 1
(iii) Given ( ) by 4 ( )
8 2

PY
DO U A
1 9
Converting 4 ( ) to improper we get ( )
T
2 2
ED PR

𝑎 𝑐 𝑎
From the rule of division of fraction, we know that ( ) ÷ ( ) = ( ) ×
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏
𝑑
C

( )
𝑐
©

7
(8) 7 2
9 =( )×( )
(2) 8 9

(7 × 2)
= (8
× 9)
14
= ( )
72
7
= ( )
36
1 3
(iv) Given 6( ) by 2 ( )
4 5
1 3 25 13
Converting 6( ) and 2 ( ) to improper we get ( ) and ( )
4 5 4 5
 𝑎 𝑐 𝑎
From the rule of division of fraction, we know that ( ) ÷ ( ) = ( ) ×
𝑏 𝑑 𝑏
𝑑
( )
𝑐
25
(4) 25 5
13 =( )×( )
(5) 4 13

(25 × 5)
= (4
× 13)
75
= ( )

T IO S
52

I
21
= 2( )
NO A D52

CO N
A

PY
DO U A
Question 3: Divide:
T
𝟑
(i) ( ) by 4
ED PR

𝟖
𝟗
(ii) ( ) by 6
C

𝟏𝟔
©

𝟑
(iii) 9 by ( )
𝟏𝟔
𝟏𝟎𝟎
(iv) 10 by ( )
𝟑

Solution:
3
(i) Given ( ) by 4
8
3
(8)
=
4
3
= ( × 4)
8
3
=( )
32
 9
(ii) Given ( ) by 6
16
9
(16)
=
6
9
= ( × 6)
16
9
= ( )
96
3
= ( )

T IO S
32

I
3
(iii) Given 9 by ( )
NO A D 16

CO N
A
9
= 3
(16)

PY
DO U A
(9 × 16)
=
T
3
ED PR

= 16 × 3
C

= 48
©

100
(iv) Given 10 by ( )
3
10
= 100
( 3 )

(10 × 3)
=
100
3
= ( )
10

Question 4: Simplify:
𝟑 𝟏𝟎
(i) ( ) ÷ ( )
𝟏𝟎 𝟑
 𝟑 𝟒
(ii) 4 ( ) ÷ ( )
𝟓 𝟓
𝟒 𝟑
(iii) 𝟓 ( ) ÷ 𝟏 ( )
𝟕 𝟏𝟎
𝟐
(iv) 4 ÷ 2 ( )
𝟓

Solution:
3 10
(i) Given ( ) ÷ ( )
10 3

T IO S
(3 × 3)
= (10

I
× 10)
9 NO A D
CO N
=( )
A
100

PY
3 4
(ii) Given 4 ( ) ÷ ( )
DO U A
5 5
T
First convert the given mixed fractions into improper fraction
ED PR

3 23
4( ) = ( )
5 5
C

23 4 (23 × 5)
©

( )÷( )= (5 × 4)
5 5
23
=( )
4
3
= 5( )
4
4 3
(iii) Given 5 ( ) ÷ 1 ( )
7 10

First convert the given mixed fractions into improper fraction

39 13
( ) and ( )
7 10
39 13 (39 × 10)
( )÷( ) = (7 × 13)
7 10
 390
= ( )
91
30
= ( )
7
2
= 4( )
7
2
(iv) Given 4 ÷ 2 ( )
5

First convert the given mixed fractions into improper fraction

T IO S
2 12
2 ( )=( )

I
5 5

NO A D
12 (4 × 5)

CO N
4÷( )=
A
5 12
20

PY
= ( )
DO U A
12
T
2
ED PR

= 1( )
3
𝟏
Question 5: A wire of length 12 ( ) m is cut into 10 pieces of equal
C

𝟐
©

length. Find the length of each piece.

Solution:
1 25
Given total length of the wire is = 12 ( ) = ( ) m
2 2

It is cut into 10 pieces, so length of one piece is

25
(2)
=
10
25
= ( )
20
5
= ( )
4
1
= 1 ( )m
4
 𝟏 𝟏
Question 6: The length of rectangular plot of area 65 ( ) m2 is 12 ( )
𝟑 𝟒
m. What is the width of the plot?
Solution:
1 196
Given area of rectangular plot is 65 ( ) m2 = ( ) m2
3 3
1 49
Length of the same plot is 12 ( ) m = ( ) m
4 4

T IO S
Width of the plot is

I
NO A D
Area = length × breadth

CO N
A
196 25
( ) = ( ) × breadth

PY
3 2
DO U A
196
T ( 3 )
Breadth =
ED PR

25
(2)

(196 × 4)
=
C

(49 × 3)
©

184
= ( )
147
3
= 5( )
4

𝟐 𝟒
Question 7: By what number should 6 ( ) be multiplied to get 𝟒 ( )?
𝟗 𝟗

Solution:
2 56
Let x be the number which needs to be multiplied by 6( ) = ( )
9 9
56 4
𝑥 × ( ) = 4( )
9 9
 56 40
𝑥 × ( ) = ( )
9 9
40 9
𝑥 = ( )×( )
9 56
40
𝑥 = ( )
56
5
𝑥 = ( )
7

T IO S
𝟓
Question 8: The product of two numbers is 25 ( ). If one of the

I
𝟔

NO A D 𝟐
numbers is 6 ( ), find the other.

CO N
𝟑
A
Solution:

PY
DO U A
5 155
Given product of two numbers is 25 ( ) = ( )
T
6 6
ED PR

2 20
One of the number is 6 ( ) = ( )
3 3
C

Let the other number be x

©

155 20
( )=𝑥×( )
6 3
3 155
𝑥 = ( )×( )
20 6
31
𝑥=( )
8
7
𝑥 = 3( )
8

𝟏
Question 9: The cost of 6 ( ) kg of apples is Rs 400. At what rate per
𝟒
kg are the apples being sold?
Solution:
 1 25
The cost of 6 ( ) kg = ( ) of apples is Rs 400
4 4
25
(4)
Cost of apple per kg is =
400
4
= ( ) × 400
25

= Rs 64

T IO S
𝟏
Question 10: By selling oranges at the rate of Rs 𝟓 ( ) per orange, a

I
𝟒

NO A D
fruit-seller gets Rs 630. How many dozens of oranges does he sell?

CO N
A
Solution:

PY
1 21
DO U A
Given cost of 1 orange is Rs 5 ( ) = ( )
4 4
T
ED PR

He got Rs 630 by selling the oranges

4
Number of dozens of oranges sold by him for Rs 630 is = ( ) × 630
C

21
©

= 120 apples
But we know that 1 dozen = 12
120 apples mean 10 dozen

𝟑
Question 11: In mid-day meal scheme ( ) liter of milk is given to
𝟏𝟎
each student of a primary school. If 30 liters of milk is distributed
every day in the school, how many students are there in the school?
Solution:
3
Given ( ) liter of milk is given to each student
10
 3
Number of student given ( ) liter of milk = 1
10
10
Number of students giving 1 liter of milk = ( )
3
10
Numbers of students giving 30 liters of milk = ( ) × 30 = 100 students
3

Question 12: In a charity show Rs 6496 were collected by selling some

𝟑
tickets. If the price of each ticket was Rs 50 ( ), how many tickets
𝟒
were sold?

T IO S I
Solution:
NO A D
CO N
Given amount collected by selling tickets = Rs 6496
A
3 203
The price of each ticket is = 50 ( ) = ( )

PY
4 4
DO U A

203
T
Number of ticket bought at Rs ( )=1
ED PR

4
4
Number of tickets bought for Rs 6496 is = ( ) × 6496
203
C

= 4 × 32
©

= 128 tickets