Fakulti Alam Bina dan Ukur

Remote sensing application

on flood risk management suzanna.noorazmy
[at]utm.my

Suzanna N. Azmy, PhD https://www.researchgate.

Tropical Map Research Group net/profile/Suzanna-Azmy

Universiti Teknologi Malaysia

Hi, I'm Jen Education Background
B.Sc in Geoinformatics (2010)
M.Sc in Bioscience (2013) - Automatic Bat Population
Counting and Species Identification using TLS
Ph.D in Geoinformatics (2020) - Geospatial-based
Burglary Susceptibility Mapping in Urban Areas

Research Interest
Terrestrial Laser Scanning Technology
Web-mapping
Biodiversity
Machine Learning and Prediction

Related Experience
Working with group of people which analyze hazard
remotely - flood, landslide, risk assessment

Personally - predicting crime hazard!

 Remote sensing is the process of detecting and monitoring the physical
Remote characteristics of an area by measuring its reflected and emitted radiation
sensing at a distance (typically from satellite or aircraft).

Allow human to predict the hazard and manage the occurred disaster.

Revolution of "taking image from space"

 Electromagnetic Energy
remote Remote sensing involves the measurement of energy in many parts of the

sensing basic electromagnetic (EM) spectrum. The major regions of interest in satellite
sensing are visible light, reflected and emitted infrared, and the microwave
regions.
The measurement of this
radiation takes place in what
are known as spectral bands.
A spectral band is defined as a
discrete interval of the EM
spectrum. For example the
wavelength range of 0.4μm to
0.5μm (μm = micrometers or
10-6m) is one
spectral band.

Satellite sensors have been

designed to measure
responses within particular
spectral bands to enable the
discrimination of the major
Earth surface materials.
 Reflection and absorption
remote When radiation from the Sun reaches the surface of the Earth, some of the

sensing basic energy at specific wavelengths is absorbed and the rest of the energy is
reflected by the surface material. The only two exceptions to this situation are
if the surface of a body is a perfect reflector or a true black body. The
occurrence of these surfaces in the natural world is very rare.

In the case of a green leaf, for example, the blue and red wavelengths
are absorbed by the leaf, while the green wavelength is reflected and
detected by our eyes.

In remote sensing, a detector measures the electromagnetic (EM) radiation

that is reflected back from the Earth’s surface materials. These
measurements can help to distinguish the type of land covering. Soil, water
and vegetation have clearly different patterns of reflectance and absorption
over different wavelengths.

"Spectral signature"
Key points in Sensor type
Passive : sunlight as illumination : visible light, IR, NIR,
remote microwave
sensing Active: Sensor produce its own source of illumination
such as radar, altimeter
example for spatial
res:
Resolution
30 m (landsat),
Spatial resolution : ground resolution 10 m (Sentinel-2),
Temporal resolution : measure of repeat cycle of 50 cm (Pleaides)
sensor revisit the same part of earth
example for temporal
res:
Spectral Resolution 16 days (landsat),
Number and width of spectral bands in the 2-3 days (Sentinel-2),
sensing device. 1 day (Pleaides)

Example : Panchromatic - one band, grey scale image.

Multispectral and hyperspectral - consists of several
bands of data.
 Definition:
Flood
Overflow of water that submerges
land that is usually dry.

Hazard or Mitigation, prediction and management:

disaster?
Before it happens and after it happened!

Hazard
Hazard is an event that has
potential for causing injury/
loss of life or damage to
property/environment
Disaster
Disaster is an event that occurs
suddenly/unexpectedly in most
cases and disrupts the normal
course of life in affected area
 5 days of non-stop rain

Claimed 54 lives; 71,000

displaced

Do we"see" this coming?

yes, but not in the

heart of peninsular.

Shah Alam

"Jabatan Meteorologi Malaysia (MET Malaysia) has issued Danger criteria (expected to achieve continues
heavy rain with rainfall exceeding 240 mm/day) in Terengganu and Pahang (Peninsular Malaysia)"
THE CHRONOLOGY OF MALAYSIA FLOOD DISASTER 2021

14 DEC 2021 16 DEC 2021 IMPACT OF TD29W 20 DEC 2021

Tropical Depression MetMalaysia Most area in Klang Valley Water began to
29W (TD29W) alert releases orange has received month-worth recede.
by Japan alert to Kelantan, rainfall in few days.
Meteorology Agency Terengganu and
- estimation to be later to Klang Valley Some city resident were positive impact - "kita
impactful to East trapped due to electrical jaga kita"
The Klang Gates Dam
Coast Area interruption and hazard.
released 25 percent of
its reservoir in stages
after water levels Buildings were declared to
exceeded acceptable be unsafe due to landslide
ranges
 Sewerage
Lesson from Management and maintenance of
Malaysia Flood unblock sewerage and human-made
Disaster 2021 debris

Pavement and inaccessibiity

of water back into the soil

The estimation of runoff?

With the bloom of new development.
Does this done in civil eng pov or does
it cooperate RS? What are the
indicator included? Flood prediction
modelling?
 “Urban structure”
“Anthropogenic factor”
“Indicator-based Approach”
“Element at risk”
Game changer
Know what
we are
dealing with
Remote sensing is the
game changer.
Thank you

suzanna.noorazmy[at]utm.
my