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Learning Chess Workbook Step 5pdf
Learning Chess Workbook Step 5pdf
lSI edition
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Workbook Step 5
--�
Street: Place:
Club: Trainer:
st
1 step completed: 2nd step completed:
3rd 4th
step completed: step completed:
Material and time
Evaluating a position in tenns of material is easy. All you have to do is count: queen = 9 points, rook =
5 points, etc. Now that you have taken your chess skills to a higher level, you will find that this way of
evaluating positions is too simplistic. It is also important to take into account the dimension of time -
not the time on your clock, but the time on the board.
...
In the position on the left,
" " White has a temporal advan- i-
, , , "
I' Itl , Itl , tage of three moves. White , , Itl
has already developed both Itl � �
� �� his bishops and he has
�
f1j f1j f1j� f1j
already castled.
White not only has a slight lead in development, but he can also
exploit the poor position of Black's knight. The knight cannot
take part in the defence of the kingside. Many of White's pieces
are aimed at Black's king. The appropriate course of action is
therefore an attack on the king:
1. Qa4 (to the kingside with a gain of tempo) 1. b6 2. Qh4 h6
3. Bxh6 gxh6 4. Qxh6 Nb7 (there is no much else) s. NgS NcS 6.
•••
Bh7+ KhS 7. Bc2+ KgS S. Re3 and 9. Rg3. White has a clear
advantage on the kingside. The black knight was unable to join
the defences.
The following three positions have been taken from a game between Leo Kerkhoff and Eddie Scholl.
Kerkhoff cleverly exploits his lead in development while Scholl rather neglects to develop his pieces.
The first diagram arises after 1. e4 d6 2. d4 Nf6 3. Nc3 g6 4. BgS c6 S. Be2 Nbd7 6. NfJ Qc7 7. Qd2
bS? (Black should have followed up with 7.... Bg7) .
The side with the temporal advantage should: • find concrete targets
• open up the position
2 Fifth step
Test Mix (4th step): A
.I � • J. .t. • .I • .! 'i!V� .! •
i i i i i i 'i!V � i i i i � .t. i i
iVi i i i .t. i
� Cjj i � � � i � �
'iV .t. � 'iW � VJH il. � �
� il. � il. Cjj �
� � � � � � il. � � � Cjj
� M !I M � CjjM �M il. M
B. � E 'i!V • * •
� i i .t. i i i i i
i 'iY � .I VJH .t. i i
� Cjj i i Cjj � i tv
� � i i il. � .t.
i .t. il.'iW � Cjj � �
�� � � � � � il. � � �
.! M M� M�
IS) .t. •
i tv � i .t. 'iV
i i i i J.
.t i � Cjj Cjj'i!V i
� Cjj � �
� VJH � � �
� �� �
� M �
KK* .1 .1 � • •
i i i i i i i �
i iM i i lS) i .t �
� 'iV M 4J
IS) � � il. 'iV � � .I
'iV � � � E
'¥If � � � � 4J � � �M �
M MM �
3
B
( 4 th
Test Mix s te p ) :
� .i .,
ii.l �iii
� lLJi
fj
fj fj fjfj
.,t
1:[ iV fj
1:[ �
.I ., .! X *•
�i ii 1:[ i
i � in i i�
ii .i. fj 1:[
fj fjfjlLJ �
'Ii fj fj.i.
fjfjfj fj fj
� 'iV � .,t
.i.X!. • .! *•
� iii i � .i.
i.i. i .i. i
i iV i lLJi
fj fjlLJ i fjfj
fj fjfj fjfj fj lLJ �
fjfj
i 'iY
.,t .,tfj
1:[ � 1:[ 'iV 1:[ �
.i.. 'iV �
i .i i'it' i.i iV iV .I .i.
.,ti ii .i.i i � ii
.,t ifj .l fj .l
� fj
'iV fj 1:[ .,t fj
fj fjfj fj � fj fj fj
I ---
� : � 1:[ �
4 FiliI! step
Mate in two Getting the g uard: A
• K
� i K Xi
i i.t .t ittJ
<it>i£3J £3J i .t£3J* i
�i
.t •
i £3J
£3J £3J £3J £3J
�
�
• •
Ki i
�
i
ttJ
E • E • •
.! • •
� <it>i i i
£3Ji£3J £3J <it> £3J�
ttJ
£3J
�
£3J.t �
� � l::t
5
Mate Mate in three: A
.I • .1 •
i. i � 'iIV 'iWi.
.I i �
ilbi � �
� � �.i
� 'iV .I � �'iIV
� �
� � ��
• lb �.1 .I • .I .t •• .1
i.t'iV i �i�i ii ttJ iii
• IS
VJII�
�
�� ��� 'iV��� �� �
�� �� � Jl
• .I E � �
i .t ttJ ii .t �
i ttJ i � i .t i i'iV
i� .I i�i �i i
� � .t E.I � �
� �'iV ttJ
�� 'iIV � �� � Jl
Jl � � �
E .t � �E
iii .t. ii
•
ttJ . lb
'iV �
6 Fijih step
Mate Mate in the ending: A
'j
� I. !.
i
fj,
l2Jifj,i
� �
fj,
ldld i
i ii
.ii_ I.
�
i i
fj, fj, fj,
fj, � l2J
ld ld
7
Pawn ending Breakthrough: A
• " ,
fj �
� fj
fj fj �
fj
8 Fi/ih step
Pawn ending Key squares: A
9
Test Mix: C
ld • X • � X
,� �
.t , X ,� ,
.! , , '+W ,
� � .t �
� � � � � '+W iV � �
�� ��� �n� � n �
n� n
.! � •
� -*. , �
'+W , ,
� �
� � � �
� .t � � � � n � lLi'iW � � .t � '+W
n n� � � n
� � • �
" -*. � " " iV
iV � ,
-*. ,
, � .t �
, � � ' lLi
� � � lLi � -*. �
� � lLilU'+W � '+W � � � �
n n� n n � n
n � iV Xr@
, -*. � -*.'"
JIJ.'
, ,
� �
� �
� .t � it'
� � � lU � � � R� �
'+W n n� n �
10 Fi/ih step
The use of pawns
1.1.1.
.1.
Protecting the castled king. Defending pieces, by cover Controlling squares, and
ing them (Nf6, Nc3) and thereby restricting the mobi
shielding them off (Bd6) . l ity of enemy pieces.
I
---
I
1.1.1. 1.1.1. there is tension.
I.I. 1.1.1.
I. On the left, the pawns on d4 I.
I. and e5 are attacking each 1.1.
other; hence, there is tension
� � � �
in the centre. At right, there is
� tension in the cluster of �
� � � � � pawns on c4, d4, c5 and d5 . � � � � �
It is usually advantageous to
maintain the tension.
�
your opponent can give you
the advantage.
1.1. .il.l. On the left, Black demolishes
I. I. the white structure with 1. ...
� �
� � �
�
I b4. This move leaves White
with a weak doubled b-pawn.
On the other side White plays
l2J the strong 1. f5. On the right,
II 1. f6 demolishes the castled
king's protective pawn shield.
da,.\· lu/id Zl
tf> V
-
V
�-
1 _ VI V' V'�
V V V \!:I
�
V \!:I V , . V V V � V
V
-I 1_'
j
'�
"
L
L�
_
•
,-
' ,
L , .,
.
., .,
-
-;
L I ,"_� hl.
'--
,� �[I , hl.
. • ! ' � I----''-
�C
-
�
f"
_'I."
� I
__
. " ' I •
�tf> tf>t[
VVV\!:IV V V V�
�
Aff.
. I :
� VV
J:r
V
-r
V V Aff.
� V V
., mr.
.,
�'
, ,
l
,"!' "---�, '
� T_:I I
.J.
T'
1
-�
�, .,
_.
tf> V � , �
tf>\!:I V VV J:r
V
Vtf> ., V \!:I V�V
V VV V
V V\!:I 'iJ '
, V., -.
"
L----.J
.--
, IX ., I" , I I
J. * .X I. 'iV *
"''iW'1. '" , ,
" , t::,
t::, 1.
t::,CiJt::, , �
'if �t::, t::, 'if
I.
I
t::,t:t:
:, :, t::, t::, t::,t::,t::,
� � �� � �
x • •
1._
, , ,
'if "'�,
* ,�t::,
, ''if
t::, t::,
t::, ltJ t::,t::,t::,
I. �
x X • X .l.'iV X I. 1. •
" "' . , , I.,"
'" , ltJ" ltJ ,
it::, , ,� '"
t::, ltJ 'if
� t::,
.! • .!
1..
* 1.,
1. 'if • ' '''
1. t::, ltJ
t::, � , , �
t::, � t::, t::, �
'ift::, � t::, t::,'iV� 'ift::,t::,t::,
1: � �
13
Test Mix: E
• • • •
1..1. I..! 'if 1.. 'if '+lH
I. I. � IS) I. 'iV l2J1.
8 8 'iV 'iV I. � LS 1.8
8 8 8
� 8�
8 8 88 8
� �
.!i))
1.1.
. 1.
I.
I.
1. 1. 11
'if 1:fJ
1-'-1. � 1
J ,-
8
-r 8
'iW
888
� �
.i 1.. .I • •
1.1. i)) 'if 1.1.1.
I. I. IS)
.--t--+
I.
88 �
8 � 81:fJ �8
8 'iV 888 8
� �� � -
'------- -=----'-'---'-
-- --------
-=-- --'
.i.! �. .! • • .!
1.1. 1.1. .1.
'if I.
1.. 'iV .!
8 81..1:fJ8 8 8 'if
8 � 1:fJ 8 'iV � 1.. 8 � 1:fJ8i))
88 88 � � 1:fJ 8 8
� �� � �� 'iV � �
14 Fijih step
Pawn race
The march of passed pawns towards their promotion squares can be likened to a race. A lot of things can
happen during such a race.
The race in this diagram is not Both pawns require a further Reaching the finish line at the
very exciting. The white pawn three moves. But note that same time does not always
queens; the black pawn gets White will queen with check lead to a draw. Here White
no further than the 3rd rank: 1. on b8: 1. b6 g3 2. b7 g2 3. has a winning X-ray check: I.
b6 g4 2. b7 g3 3. b8Q. b8D+. h7 b2 2. h8Q blQ 3. Dh7+.
Another tie. This time there is A one-sided race. White's White is ahead, but the black
no X-ray check. Rather, Black pawn simply marches on, but king is inside the square of the
is mated: 1. e7 f2 2. e8D f1 Q Black's pawn can be stopped. pawn. White can shield off
3. Qa4 mate. Black's king is outside the the king and win: 1. Kb5
square of the pawn: 1. g6 d3 Kd6 2. Kb6 Kd7 3. a6 Kc8
2. Kf3 and White wins. 4. a7.
White must be careful. After Racing with 1. ... e5 is bad. The white pawn is doomed
l. Kb6 Black queens with White will pick up the new while the black pawn is free
check. White must assist the queen with Qf8+ and Qe8+. to go. All the same, White can
pawn by 1. Ka6 g2 2. c7 Kd7 Black should go after the a draw with 1. Kti (threatening
3. Kb7. pawn with 1. ... Ke7. 2. e6) 1. ... Kxe5 2. Kg6.
15
Pawn ending Pawn ·race: A
16 Fifth step
Pawn ending Pawn race: B
17
<C � � <J � <J �
•
· 41' �Lli <J
11 <J -Bn �' �. l <J -Bn •.<J -BnI
<J
�
..i
� "'J
... 11 _L_ <J
1_ <J-Bn i1 -aoI .....
I·
ill
J4I �
·
"'J_�..
_"'\_,
-Il"'?
L. ' I 1 "' [ <J �
_
<J <J
r
_,
'5 -=] I-II---r -,-
I
-.:J
� II 1_ .! ... � <J
'
c L-' _ I _L !nI IJI:I] L_ L �
1 "' 111 1 <J '--' L <J
,
Q)
I , 1_
<J
L _
en l ...
r <J � 1."'1 I I
· , ,-----,
� �I� I <J
�'
L-
� � � L' <J <J
•
<J -tID
I' � L
[' <J 141 [.fl 41L. <J -tID
"'_11_ <J
_
3-
<J •
- �
-Bn
_
� <J
-_-
-.�I
!lIlI)
t-- .-,,-----.--,.-
... c
<J
J
.,-r-
L-.:
<J ...1 r--I
<J -' <J L
� !lIlI) <J .
... L ... L <J -Bn
•
.. _� •
� ... . -,
<J
.. ... . ] � <J "'11 J"'Gl
, I
<J "'l <J
...
<J-Bn
[ <J-Bn
•
I •
<J <J-Bn
r�
L
<J Gl <J . 1
11_ � II
r � <J
�-+--f -aoI
� �
- r---.L-
I . �
.
�
- -.-lIlI r �III
!lIlI)
___ L I � r--l-
!
�41 ::]41. [ <J 41 <J
r <J �
,1-
I!!
o I n
<J "
--
1 •n
-
-11 ./
<J
r.;i:' r:;ii . <J -
. ...1 L . <J 'I
' f 4l,
IJI:I] ... <J J �
Eliminating the defence Luring away + mate: A
X •
� I J. � •
�� " �I ,
, ,
l::.l::. �, � l::. �
I
l:t 'iV l::. l::.� '
� l::. �
�1
l::.l::. l::. l::.l::. l::.�l::. l::. 0Jl::.WJ1
l:tl:t � II � �
.1* .I • .I � J:
� 0J , , " � , " .t.,
�l::. ' 'iV ' " ,
'iV 0J
'iW l::. � l::.
l::. l::. l::.
l::. l::.Wi l::.l::. l::.l::.l::. l::.l::.
� � � � II II
X X � • IX � •
'iV " , ,
, , , �
l::.' '¥j'
l::. 0J� � �
l::. � l::. l::. � l::.
l::.l::. � � l::.l:l:
:. :.
l:t � l:t 0Jl:t �
19
Discovered attack
A double attack can be set up with the help of five different types of preparatory move:
• luring • eliminating the defender • aiming
• chasing • clearing
The same types of preparatory move can be used to prepare a discovered attack. As you will probably
recall, a discovered attack requires the presence of a battery. In some positions, the battery may not yet
be effective or must first be set up. This is where the preparatory move comes in.
.I .i.'¥lH
.i. ii i�i
.Ii �i
..t
ltJ
� � �
�W/i �
� �
This position does not contain The battery Rd IIBd3 is in The battery on the d-file does
a battery yet. White sets up a place. It is as yet ineffective, not yet work, since the rook is
lethal battery with l . Qf2+. since 1. Bxg6 Qxg6 does not obstructed by two of White's
The target piece (the queen give White anything. White pieces. White needs to play
on d4) is already in place. It must therefore chase away the two clearing moves. The best
does not matter how Black knight on g6 with 1. h5. The method is 1. Bxb7 Bxb7 2.
gets out of check. On the next knight is lost. If it moves Nf5+, winning the queen.
move White gives check with away, White will unleash the
the rook and then picks up the battery with 2. Bh7+. Preparatory move: clearing
queen. Preparatory move:
Preparatory move: aiming eliminating the defence
.I � .I I. • !.
ii .i. i.i ii .t. i
�i � i�
..tltJi
� ltJ
�
� ��
1d 1d �
The battery on the c-file lacks The battery Bb3/Nc4 lacks an This position concludes our
an attacking target. White can attacking target. The front overview of preparatory
lure the queen into the rook's piece (the knight) can give moves. The back piece (Bb3)
range with 1. Nc7, the point check. What is needed is a and the front piece (Rc4) are
being that l . ... Qxc7 is met by target for the back piece. We both ready. The back piece
2. Bf8+. If Black does not can find one by chasing the has an obvious target (Qf7) .
take the knight, then White rook to g8; White wins the But what about the target of
will win the exchange. exchange after 1. Bg7 Rg8 2. the rook? Is it the king? No.
Preparatory move: luring Nd 6+. Material? No. A square? Yes !
Preparatory move: chasing It is mate after 1. Rh4 Qe7 2.
Rxh7+ Kxh7 3. Qh4#.
20 Fifth step
Discovered attack Preparatory move: A
• • • E* •
t3J i ii i i
* l:t • .,ti iV
i i t3J�i
0J E
t3J � l:t t3J t3J t3J
� i t3J 'i¥ • t3J
� �
i i • �i iii
i 0J t3J.
• t3J 'lW .,t .,t
t3J t3J 0J 'iV t3J
t3Jt3J t3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J t3J
l:t .,t <;it nn <;it <;it k!
I. • @l I. • I. • I. 1- I. •
I
ii ii ii ii ii i�i
t3J 'if 1- 'iVi
i0J i i
t3J � 1- 'i¥ •
t3J � t3J 0J
.,t t3Jt3J t3Jt3J t3Jt3J t3J t3J�.,tt3Jt3Jt3J
� � � n 1:. n �
21
Discovered attack Preparatory move: B
K • K K .t'YAVJ: • I.'YWK � •
• -t. • • • -t.. .t .-t..
. � . • � .- .. . .. -
� • • • .t2J .
'YW � � � t2J • � ���
t2J.t .t� �� � 'if t2J�
��� �� �.t� �.t .t
� � <;t � � <;t � � <;t
K 'YW K. • K K�
•.t •• 'YAVK�.t •• • � •••
.1&. -t. • • �. .� .t •
'if •
• t2J � � �
�.t t2J �� � � 'YW.t.t� �
�� ��� .t � � � �
� l:i <;t I <;t n I:t<;t
KK*, • I
K .-t. X X I. • .t
• • •
.t'YAV • •• -t.•• •
• • • • � • • � ••.t
• .-t. • .� � .
• .t
t2J � � t2J t2J �
��� �.t� �� ��
� � <;t � 'ii �.t<;t
K.I� • I. .i..
••• 'YW-t.•• J. 'YAV • • 'iW-t.•••
• • • •
• � .i. • .t� t2J
� � 'if .t
�.t� � � �
� <;t � kt <;t � �� � ���
1:Ikt .t�.t.l -llkt - <;t
22 Fijil! step
Double attack Discovered attack: A
J: 1d • 1Il.l
.I. .i.*' *'.1
, 'iV' , "�A , � 'Ill
, , 'IV " .i.1.
� , ,� ,
ttJ �1. � � '8
� � .i. � .IttJ�1. � .i.
�� � � � � ttJ���
�� .i. � � � �
" " , ,
" �ttJ, , �, �
� � , � �
�� .I
� ttJ .i.� �
tt ��� �� ��
� � � ��
J. !: *
, , 'iW'
, ,ttJ,1.
� ,
23
Double attack Discovered attack: B
.I *d� .I • .I .1*
ii ..t. i ii� ii i i ..t.iii
i �i i ..t. i � .!
i i t3J ��
iV itI .: Cfj
Cfj�t3J t3J � t3J t3J
t3J� t3Jt3Jt3J t3J t3Jt3J �t3J Cfj t3Jt3J
.: .: � iV � .: iV �
.! • .i .!� • .I .! �
ii t3Ji � iii i ��iii
i i .:itli �i i
itI iCfji t3J �
\\W t3J itI i lai �
t3J Cfj t3J t3J Cfj
t3J iV t3Jt3J t3Jt3J iVt3Jt3J t3Jt3Jt3J
.: � .: � .J:I
I �
� • • .i .i • • .i ..t..I •
i i iiV i ii i ..t. iii
� i � i�
� i ..t. i
t3Jt3J i t3JWJj
t3J t3J t3J t3J t3J Cfj� t3J
t3J .: � t3Jt3J Cfj�t3J'YWt3J � iVt3J t3J
.I � .: .: .: :�
.I • • !
..1 'YW !. •
i'YW ii i�.i ii i ii
i i � i ��
i�i� .: i
.:� ..t. t3J t3Jt3Ji
t3J t3Jt3J t3J iV t3J iVCfj t3J
� t3Jt3J t3J t3Jt3J t3J�.1 ��
.: <;t> � .: .:
24 Fi/ill step
Pin Preparatory move: A
E :!� .I .,
1.1.'iV 1.1.1. 1.1.1. .t. tf
I. I. • .t. I. I. I.
I. ltJ �I.� �
�� ��'YJJf � �
�ltJ'iV� 'fI�� 1:t 1:t �
� ��� �� ��
1:t � 1:t �
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t.l*
.i
I. I. I. I. 'it' 1.1.
.t.'iV I. I. �I..t.
I. ll ��--I. I.� � I. .i
� 1.1:t � �
ltJ 1:t � .I� �'YJJf �� 1:t �
�� ��� � � 'fI�
� 1:t �
• • .i .t. •
tfl. I. I.i-I. I.
'iV 1tI .t. I. I. 'iV I.i
�I. ltJ'fI .t. I.�I.I.
'fI � � � ItI
� � 'iV� ltJ � � 'fI� ��
�� � �1:t � ��
1:t � � g �
I: .t. .!. • .i •
�I. l.
I. i -- 1..1 i.
ItI ItI iltll.'iV i
.t. � � I. I.
r..--
25
.
<J <J . - "'LLL_ ' <J Gl �
�.------�
m _',_lj' .... t-+ ... � ...
[Gl ..go <J Gl <J iJJ ... L <J
<J � ' '
�,__ 1 �
�
a; -II � �
<J <J <J
�
� �
, Gl
-ani in
�
-ani ... -ani ... r
<J
��
<J
-t1..t]
1
�
·�I
-
E
r-' J
- -'
.£ri , -col r
<J
L
I� � L, '"
" � '- � Gl � �
= �-I
L--J
...
�
,
-ani -T- �
<J � <J
_,
� l Gl
�
; [ -ani �: LJL
l r
L <J <J <J
-Gil
L I r - � <J
_
� _.
I,�. rl_ _ iT -;"'L
L---1'" _,
I
r <J <J � <J n I . �
as
i
.... ' �
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_
... .u
D.
�
<J ' �"'L � <J <J , ' ... U U <J I
•
iJJ'" il ...
� <J � � ..go � ... r-i [ <J
I •
i
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<J <J II �
..
<J
�l-J .
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... .
1
-ani ... .
- - <J � L"'L <J �
... J:O _, <J 1
-ani'"
<J � � �
., .-- � .
... � ...
<J '" <J � , �II '" <J f
L
� Gl <J
� � Gl �
[
t
-----, �
-ani � -ani
--,
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-ani .
<J ..go- T � <J
� -
1 r <J - 1 ... <J n , l ... � <J
... , , . l "'
,
I '" i
J L
• ilI1Il �
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•
1_
t J 1 1_ �
<J � ... <J . , ... - l
II'---l- � �
- I I
"'-GiI ...
--wi - [ -ani --"_L . . L �L <J
I
_..., L-J
---: II -cui II L � II - . ... C �
... 1 �
� � J Gl <J 11 ... [... <J J .
.J
_:
'--_
[..tl lL <J �
�
l
II
L <J ' ... 11 ... [ <J �
8J
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'l ... '! r <J n n 1 • � l <J..go -n I' <J
"'
-
c L- " .
... !
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Ii: ----- ----
10
N
Test Mix: F
*
1. :
. � .
l2J . 1. .
� �
��
�W1I � �
.i .I • • .I " iV.1. X
iV" . 1.. ••• •••
• • • • •
• ..� 1.
� � "
� ��l2J � l2J l2J
� l2J � � 'iV �� � ���� ���
la l2J � la la � � la ��� � la
.I "iV "
1. *
• • • la
�. �. .
�. � �
� ��l2J
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• • • ••
• iV.* iV •
•
'iV .� 1. .
� .�l2J� � "
�� � la �
� -
��� � �WiI �� �
la la � la �
27
da/.\· If/lid 8Z
� 'W
, ,
CP:
L I ,
cp cp ,� : � rvrv �
r-i
-L, I
rv
, rv IJl : IJl rv rv rv � L
rv J
rv
� rvrv rv IJl II ' rv L Aff. [T rv
� l, rv 1. _ I � _L-,"" 0 t... . • -' , rv ,
_, 'W
T'"
I
, �L .. m' �[ 1: � II ' +' rv • ,
.
,
h1\ " [!J C ' ', L- ,
�
II C
.1� 'I -! Ii • - � :I n - :I n I :I
'
: cp cp
,
CP: l:l -
" L_I r
: : :
rv 'Wrv L
_' rv -
rv rv � rv rvrvrv L- rv
rv 1$ l_L rv'Wrv _ L- �-,
L IJl l [�
.
lJl � rv rv I rv ,! . rv
, rv
.. "1--=-
-'- -r-=-ll.
" ,
,. ,-r, T'
Aif. T 1:1 l:i -r , '" I 'i
CP: � CP: � :
rv rv •• L
rv �1 rvrv rv cp 'W :
rv IJl rv 'W � rv l:l
_,L-
rv I IJlrv rv'W rv rv rv rv
' L 1. __
rv rv '-, I.�
T T, -
, � [Y
, .--, �. �
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T I�' !'
.:1 I :I
T.I'I 1 � 't
� ' ..! L : - - ' CP: J : 1- CP:
rv rv II L 'Wrvrv ' 'W I rv:
rv ,� ,- rv rvrvlJl .J 1Jl �
rv ;! rv
_ rv
�_ -
Trv .J • J . L , � 1$ rv
'W ,r" [ T T, __ , � � !'
, -, � 0 � , ' , . T.- ,,,
• . , �' r 'i . 0 . :I !' I .- .:1
9 : XUI\I �sa.l
Rook against pawn
The struggle between rook and pawn is tense if the king of the side with the rook is not too close by. If
the following principles are correctly applied, this type of ending can be played correctly.
29
Endgame Rook against pawn: A
30 Fijil! step
Endgame Rook against pawn: B
31
Strong square
.t
On the left White cannot
i ii occupy d5, since it is pro
iii � tected by the c6-pawn. White
i can exchange this pawn with
1. b5, securing d5.
888 8
tjj8� On the right, Black can elimi
nate the defender of d4 by 1 .
32 Fifth step
Strategy Strong square: A
I- I. � * • I. .t. . I- .I � •
,.I. , , , ''ii' ,.t. ,
, .t. , , , ,
, fj, ,fj
fj fj Cjj fjJl.
fjCjj fj fj Cjj fj fj
fjfj fjJl.fj fj Jl. fj fjW;j fjfj
n n � Jl.n nll �
, �.--�
• .I l- • .I So • •
* • .I.t. .I
, , �� *
, n .t. ,
� fj , , ,
.I Jl. ,fj
Cjj fj fjVjjj fj Cjj
'Wifjfj � � fjfj
n l:t �
33
Eliminating the defence Luring away + mate: B
K .I *' � • .I @> .I
, , � , , A , ,
' 'iV A " ' 8 ' 'iV
tD , , ,� �
8 8 ,
8 l:t 8 8 & 'iV 8 � �
8 8 8 'iV la 8 8 8 8 8 8
la � tD la �
.I .I *' • •
�
, I. ' 'iV " I. I. .
�\ ,
8
'iV & 8 8 8 8 � -*. 8
8 �� 8
8 8 8 8 8 8 8 � 8 8 'iV
� tD � la � � � n �
'iV A 'iV • K • .i @
� , .i.. , I. , I. ,
, & .i..
, I. *' ,
8 8 8 � ,
' 'iV � 8 & 8 'lW � 8 8 �
8 'lW 8 � 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
:t tD � tD tt kI kt �
.I .I ., • .I • K !I �
I. , , , � .i.. � ' , I.
, , la tD
� ' 8 , tD
, , kI '
8 kI
8 8 8
�
�
�
� 8 8 8 8
kI ��
.l.-......-.t
' � 'iV 8
34 Fi/ih step
Test Mix: H
K !. �- •- � .t. I.
, �
' " 'Y1V , "
, � � 'iV , ltJ �
' � � � iV � � 'lW tjj
� � tjj � � tjj
� � � � � � � � � � � 'lW � � �
.&t .&t � .&t � .&t � .&t �
� .t. � •
.&t , .t. " ,
, ,� ,
, � � 'Y1V � �
� � � .&t �
� � � �
� � 'V)JJ � � � � �
.t. X .&t � �
� .I -
.t. "
,
tjj � L_, .._+_
� il.
.t �
I
� � � �
L-.�
.. -----'-- .&t
-= �
35
Defending
The following 9 positions contain examples of various defensive strategies. These include defending
against mate, the loss of material and pawn promotion. We recommend that you study them well !
I. .i •
1t\ , � 'YW ,
----'---
--! .,---,<--
---
"
- ,----,'---'"-i-
�
White threatens mate on g7. White threatens mate on e8. Black survives with the help
Black cannot protect g7, but Black can protect e8 by of a pin and an in-between
he can save himself with a means of a double attack: 1. move: 1. ... Qt7 2. Rxt7
counter pin : 1. ... Df4 2. ..• Rh4+ 2. Kg3 Rh8. Rxdl +.
Dxf4 Bxe5.
.i. 'iV •
. , , I. " 1:. .i. ,
, .i. , 'iV "-..----- �
, t::,
1:. t::, t::,
t::, �
t::, t::, �
Black counterattacks. Is there The c-pawn cannot be won The knight can cover fl with
a better move than I. Qd2? without losing material, but a gain of tempo: 1. KaJ ! b5
There is ! 1. Qxh7+ Kxh7 2. the new queen can. After I. 2. b4+ Kb6 3. Nd5+ Kc6 4.
Rxd4, and 2 Nc2 is met
• ••• BaJ cl Q 2. Rxb2 White wins Ne3 winning. The passed
by 3. Be4+. White remains with a discovered attack. pawn is stopped with the
an exchange up. help of a double attack.
36 Fifth step
Defending Defending against mate: A
• • .I *' •
� i .t. i
i ii. �
� tlJ
� � � � � �
.t. � 'i¥ .i � � i
ii. � � � � 'i¥
� � � �
�
� �* •
� 'if l. .i . •
i i i l. .t. i i
ii. .t. • i
� � � i
� � �
tlJ ii.
� � � � � � � �
tlJ � 'if � � � �
� �* •
., •
i i i i i
.I i � i � ii.
.i � 1.
� i � 'if
ii. � � � � �
ii. � � 'if � � �
� 'iV � � �
•
� * • •
• .i •
i � i i 'if .i � � i
.t. i tlJ � �
tlJ � tlJ
� �
� � � �
tlJ �
37
Defending Defending against a passed pawn : A
{jj .t •
I- £!J • � �
i i
� £!J �
�
i £!J
� 1:I
*
i {jj �
i
�
i {jj �
£!J £!J
�
38 Fijih step
6£
� l:r 1f 11 tI CP l:t
\l 1f \?( \l \l \l \l \l \l \l -",-� ·;'- l \l
\l \l \l \?( � \l . 1f
\?( � \l \l \l \?( \l
., - ry �
T • ., .,
L...- � __
•
., 1 ., .,
, • .11m . .,
...J
�
-g
• T I: :I .,
� l:r -l ' , L cp l:r _ U� 1f
\l \l \l \l
cp . J tI tI
\l \l J \l 1 \l \l \l 1 1
\l 1f .. L.._._
_ \?( ;J ' \l
\l
� _,-- J_ \?(
1-
�
.11m • -., r� �
., . , �
:� LI .'
., . ., � 11 -'-
., .- -
. 1•. • . .!It. j . L: �., -g T
• 1: . . T :I . :1 � II • I fM.
l:r cp . l:r � l:r
� � \l 1f \l � \l
\l 1f \l \l \?( \l 'W \?(
\l \l \l
., . T 'I
.,
., ., L .11m ., - .,
• :1 T . :I •
� cp l:r 1I l:r
\l \l \l \l
L
\l \l I . 1
\l \l
\l
� � . : ., \l .,
' 1f ., 1f • ., -..
� ,- .- ., ., .- ., Aft. I T
•
1
I I I I I • :I • J: r :l
: Sle a J 4 l lSUle 6 e 6 UIP u alaa 6u IP u alaa
V
Eliminating the defence Mix: A
K 'iV tf •
' 'iV '" , I. ,
' llJ , .t. " � ,
.t. llJ ' �
� , � � 'iV � �
� � 'itV � � llJ � �
� � � � � 'iV � .!
� � l:t � l:t �
X x . .t. x x @>
I. '" .t. , I. , ,
, , 'itV , , 'itV �
� , , I.
� � , �
� � � .t. 'iV llJ �
'iV � � � � llJ � � � � � X �
� n � l:t l:t � � n n �
40 Fi/ih step
Rook ending
Rook endings occur quite often. It is therefore important to be able to recognize winning and drawn
positions. In each of the following positions White is a pawn up. In some cases this is sufficient to win
the game, but not in others.
The black king is in front of A similar situation, but much This position differs from the
the pawn. This is the best less favourable for Black, previous one in one crucial
spot for a defending king. whose pieces are restricted to respect: the kings and pawn
All the black rook needs to the back rank. Since the rook have been moved one file to
do is switch back and forth is tied, the defensive method the right. This one file means
on the 6th rank until the pawn as illustrated in the previous the difference between a win
reaches e6. Then the rook example is not available. and a draw. After 1 . Rh7+
must be played to the I st rank White has an easy win; after Kg8 2. Rg7+ Kh8 the board
to give checks ' from behind': 1 . Rg7+ Kf8 2. Rh7 Kg8 3. turns out to be too small, and
1 . ... Ra6 2. e5 Rb6 3. Ra7 f7+ KfS 4. Rh8+ he nets the thus White is unable to win.
Re6 4. e6 Re I 5. Kf6 Rf1+. black rook with an X-ray There is not enough room for
Black continues to give check check. the white rook to the right of
or else wins the pawn. Draw. the king.
The defending king is cut The distance between king Here the distance between
off. This costs Black half a and enemy rook is an impor the white king and the black
point. White wins with 1 . tant factor in rook endings. rook is sufficiently large for
Re1 + Kd7 2. Re4! (a move The more distant the check, a draw. If Black keeps giving
to remember ! ) 2 Rhl 3.
• .•. the more effective it is. In check, he can obtain a draw :
Kf7 Rf1+ 4. Kg6 Rg1 + 5. this position the distance is 1 . ... Rh7+ 2. Ke6 Rh6+ 3.
Kf6 Rf1+ 6. Kg5 Rg1 + 7. too small. After 1 . ... Rg7+ 2. Ke5 (3. KfS Rd6) 3 Rh5+
• .•.
Rg4. This winning method is Ke8 Rg8+ 3. Kf7 Rh8 (3. ... 4. Ke4 Rh4+ 5. Kd3 Rh8
called building a bridge. Rd8 4. Ke 7 ) 4. Rhl Rd8 5. and Black wins the pawn. It
White cannot make any pro Ke7. Although 4 • ••. Rxhl is is important that in this type
gress without 2. Re4. 2. Kf7 is better, Black will still draw of positions the defending
met by 2. ... Rt2+ 3. Kg6 Rg2+ the short straw after 5. d8Q. king is on the 7th rank, and
4. Kf6 Rt2+ S. KeS Rg2 and not on the 8th rank.
the king is forced to retreat.
41
Rook ending Mate: A
• �
, I. .
n I. �
8 ,
E
42 Filih Sll!fI
Rook ending X-ray check: A
•
43
d;J/.\· II/ltd 1717
1: l:t' cp �-
IL r �
l:.f cp
-I r-1
cp T
r--
II] \!:I � II] II] II] II]
II] II]
r-=[-i�- II] - � � II] 11] 11] \!:I T --r II] + \!:I II]
II] L
II] - � L-. ("";"" L- 'r- - . ""O--:: _ L II] \!:I . ,
' \!:I ' II]
_[�L_
' r" , �� � .
T
�
_
I
._'- l. J " "
mr. , � ., , [ � T ' � I ,
, T I " , ., , . ., � " , ' �T
.
� I 1 rl- T X � .. T .. . X ..
CP 1: l:.f :
1
I
I
I
'
CP l:t' l:t'
11] 11] 11] II] I 11]
-' - - -- !-
. - --- r
II] 11] 11] 11] � II] II]
cp II] -.--f- hi. II] L- .. TT
I-
II] +: , II] jj II] J., II] II]
1
� � � \!:I
=�
-
, -' l �
:I ': ,
' \!:I , r ., 1 \!:I
1-' I�,- --+ · 1M.
,. , h!t. 1
-
,- - , - , .- T 'I ' I y r, ,
I· 'K X 1 • :. ., r-I- - • •
cP l:.f 'l:I T 1% cp mr. J 1: r
cp 'l:I � .�
II] II] II] II] II] II] II] II] II] - ,.- II]
II] � \!:I II] \!:I II] II] � 1: II]
II] . -, ., \!:I ' ll] T
I "1'-
_
II] '_L-J
=- _[ \!:I
1
:
_L
' T '
•
I [ r, . "
T hi , " -, I , -� T '
-" " ,- r X hi. ,
X 'i � :. 1M. T :I . :1
cP \!:I l:.f cP l:I .
I
1: _�
cp
II] II] � II] T
L
_ �
l
L II] - ! II] II] II]
� T II] 1: [ II] - II] � II] _
_ II]
-
• L' L '- L , 11] .
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[ \Sf ,
- � _. L .
_
II] .- I I�'
, ' \!:I
- :� II] I ,
' hif. I " r hi. - [ 1 ' , 1:
, � -- 1- T ' I �� • 1M.
• • l- -"- I -- • x 1'
- 1: - - I' I ' "
'd : 6uPI parl-se:> e uo >I :>euv 6 u !>I a4l u o >I :>euv
m ... � � <J 1) . ... U <J ... 1 J L_' <J 1) � <J
iJ -cot - Gl ...l L
�
�
1)
iJ ] r <J 1) � -col ... I r <J 1
!lIa) ... <J � � !lIJ] "' � - - [-, <J � . ... ., <J
1_
--
c;, ,- .IJ Q
I
�
l !lla) ., ... L Gl
.
� Gl
�
� �_ �
_
" <J
�
Gl ' �
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� � ... � ., J <J � <J - r� ' ...
"C
"1 I
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.J I
... " <J � ! -cot <J � l ' �
L
' ,
�
,
•
-cot "' I- r "" - <J r ' -cot <J
__
T
•
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1
- .- �
<J <J <J� <J �
1 '-
1- ",
.
CJ
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�-
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-I f -"j L-r
o
.:.:::
� � � <J
I .' ... � !�-ri_ Il <J I �
CJ
�
' ... � "' LJ
.,:- - _ � ...] <J ..go � -, ... r Gl -cot ..go ��
� <J
1 "'1
. ... r Gl -; <J ... � <J
<t ]
'
"' 1
'.
<J Gl • -cot ... � --L � ... � ... <J �
-
!lIa) <J l)IJ) '"
-cot ... <J � �
II� ·L
� -0'- <J +-- 1 --
I' - r- -
-'--' I
.
-cot J--l � <J T� ... <J - -
� • .
<J �I� . Gl <J 1)
'r
. � LI_I
� <J ..go J ... <J
,
� --.J "' L'J <J <J [
<J l-I ... r , <J ... <J� <J
_
r-, ,-
.,
"'
I
1.- I ... r
_ - L-'
... 1 . • -:
... � � <J ill ... 1 � � <J 1) -cot <J 1) , <J ..go
• • •
� , -� ,--
iJ "'J � -cot <J ..go . ... <J in ...J <J
' J... ...- -...
----,
J ----,.-
� iO Gl
� ...-�I- !):J] ... <J � <J � ... r , ., <J <J�
_
J.
_ .
:.i2 '- J '" l]JJ]
.s I
;-
'''I T
<J � <J
�
_
<J
L-I
'---.J �
g -cot . <J � L.J ... I -, ... �
,_ L- -.J <J 1 � � .,
�
� . � ... ,- � , � [_1 "' 1_ . <J �
----I-' i
[
-
I - , , - \-
' J Li <J __ "' L, <J <J Gl
•
_ _ _ _
. !lIa)
: _L-_'_'"
_,
< � "',1 i I <J � i ;.;i : <J <J �
J9
. _
'
I i ... t
_
_
!lI3l
O pen file
Files without pawns are called open files. Open files can be used to invade the opponent's position.
Such an invasion is most effective on the ih rank, since this is where most of the opponent's pawns are
positioned. Using an open file involves four different, but related aspects :
� opening a file
� using an outpost
;.. gaining control of an open file
;.> preventing the opponent from using an open file
I. *
, I. , ,
, ,
� ��
,
� ��
� �
n
Opening a file Opening a file Using an outpost
White opens the d-file by 1 . Although White can open the White cannot gain control of
dxe5, thereby undoubling a-file with I . axb6, he cannot the c-file immediately. He
Black's f-pawns. The first is actually conquer it. The right must threaten to double his
more important, since White strategy in this position is to rooks WIth I . ReS . Black now
can occupy the open file. wait. White should first play faces an unpleasant choice.
A fter I . . . • fxe5 2. Rd I the 1. Ra3 and 2. Rea l and only After 1. • • • Rxc5 2. dxc5
rook can go to d7. We know then take on b6. Black will White gets a protected passed
from the lesson on the ih then have to give up the a c-pawn, while Black is left
rank that the rook is very file. with a vulnerable pawn on
active there. d5 . If Black does not take, he
will lose control of the c- fiIe.
I. 1. * X .! * i. E
' *
, ,I
, I. , , I. � " ,
, ,
�
, I.
� �
, ,
'I �
, ,
� � � �I
� � � �
�� �� �� �I � � rJ;;
� �
-
� �
- -
46
Strategy O pen file: A
.I •
i .I . ii
Itl i ii
�
� � �
� ltJ �
� � � � �
� � c;t> l:t
.I .i. • .I *'
i� ii i .I iii .I
i i i
i � ltl � � � i
� � � i � � �
� ltJ c;t> � � � �
� c;t> � � �
� � n
• .I i. K *
i i i¥ iii
� ,----, �,:.._
_ +i Itl
47
• •
.. ijJ ... <J ... : <J ... <J �
":
-
<J <J � ill -ool <J <J ..go <J ..go <J ..go .
,
�
,
..go
,- ...:::
� ' ,----
-
!lIJ)
,
� ... .
..2
41 -001 <J �
-
. <J <J � � Gl M Gl
1
, 1
<J I
<J
I
• •
... <J -001 <J ... r <J ... � <J I
� -ooI ... ill . r-�
,
i}l ...-r,
<J � ..go <J T <J � ..go -tJ ... <J ..go
I
-
r - r
�- -
...
,
<J l:nI � � ... <J
,
� l:nI llIiIl
1 r -I
r(r -- -
I
-001 ...
Gl <J
. <J -001
"
... 1 l:nI
_
-r
..go �
� ... .
�
,
�
--' -
llIiIl
r
r
'
,
... ...
I
... <J • �
-
� <J l:nI
r
� <J Gl
r -
r
...: j
+J'-�r ... ... T
- I -, - -
r- :
<J
l:nI\
llIiIl <J
r -,- -
... � r -, -r---t- T
' llIiIl ... - r-t- : <J
_
<J � <J
_
Gl . "' j
1'-
, , <J -c
• • • •
... -001 ... ... -ooI <J
� ...- - I r- � <J
<J <J <J 1 ,
/
I <J
r-,
il "'l il � ... I
-
"' 1 � ..go
r
... ... <J ..go ... <J ...- <J
'-1
llIiIl
- -
�
r--I ,- - -
....
l:nI ... <J �. �
- -
l:nI
"
!lIlIJ
,-
!lIlIJ r
... l:nI � -[ -001 '" l:nI l:nI �
-" I
-; ...
... ... �� J, _ ... _ -I
---.J1 _ <J � � ... �
T --,
",1 -I
�
1
<J
r
<J !lIlIJ <J
-
- T
I ,--[
_
-
_J
'-1
'
'
...., i -
r
... r <J
rn
..
-001
- -
Q)
t-
I
<J I I
,
<J ,
r -
1 • t
<J l:nI ' "� I- -
: oc
<t"
Test Mix : J
!. � 1. 1. . .I I. • •
• .! .I - •
I
.! � 1&
, , � � ,
,
I. � • �. I. .I .! ., •
I
!.
, " " � , , ' "
,� .*. ' 'iV " , .*. 41
, � � , lb '
� � � � � �
� lb �
lb � 'iV �
� iV � � � � � � � � � �
� � � � iV � � � � �
49
Draw
In bad positions you can try to play for a draw. This can be achieved by forcing stalemate or by
making sure that your opponent is left with insufficient material to win.
Forcing stalemate The king can still play A piece can still play
When your own king cannot The black bishop can take the On the left, Black can still
play anymore, the strategy to queen, but the retulting pawn play with his king, his queen,
force stalemate is simple: give ending is totally lost. Again, and his a-pawn. However, he
away your last pieces. Black can save himself by can obtain a draw with 1 . ...
On the left, White gives away stalemating his king. Qa3+. If the queen is taken,
his pawns: 1. d8Q+ Kxd8 2. After 1. ... Kh8 White has the pawn on a3 blocks the a
c7+ and Black is forced to nothing better than 2. Qxti pawn and takes away b4 for
take the pawn now or on the (after a king move Black the king. After 2. bxa3 b2+
next move. would be winning ! ) and Black escapes with a draw.
On the right, Black gives up Black is stalemated. On the right, the g-pawn is
his rook: 1. ... Rg2+ 2. Kh3 pinned. White can save
Rg3+. If White takes, it is himself with the strong 1 .
stalemate. Black has what is Qf4+. After 1 . ... Qxf4 it is
called a ' rampant rook'. stalemate.
Mate is no longer possible The pawn has advanced too Insufficient material plus
Winning with a knight alone far Being an exchange up in the
is impossible. All White has In both parts a 4-point mate absence of pawns is usually
to do is get the black a-pawn. rial plus does not suffice for a insufficient for a win. On the
After 1. Kb3 Nc1 + 2. Ka4 win. On the left, the black left, White obtains a draw
White wins the a-pawn or is king is trapped after 1. Kc 1 . after 1 . Nb6+ Kb7 2. Nc4 and
stalemated after 2. ... Kb6. The knight is unable to chase 3. Nxa3.
On the right, White is after the the king away from both c 1 On the right, White wins the
f-pawn. He can obtain a draw and c2. On the right, Black h-pawn after 1. Bh4 Kg6 2.
with 1 . Ne7 f4 2. Ng6 f3 3. keeps moving his king from Bg3 Kg5 3. Kxh3. With
Ne5 f2 4. Ng4 fl Q (4 . ... fi N g7 to h8 and back. White correct play, Black 's material
5. Nf6 ! ) 5. Ne3+. must lose the h-pawn or allow plus is insufficient.
stalemate.
50 Fifth step
D raw Stalemate: A
51
Draw Insufficient material: A
• •
52 Fifth step
The wrong bishop
Suppose that your opponent has only his king left. You still have material on the board, but, unfortunately,
you are unable to give mate. This is the case when you have a knight, a bishop or a pair of knights (a six
point plus ! ) . Tough luck ! Under very special circumstances, the combination of a bishop and a pawn is
also insufficient to win the game. In such cases we call the bishop the wrong bishop.
'-
1 On the left, the combined force of
bishop and pawn denies the black
king access to the comer. Black is
helpless after t . ... Ke8 2. Kb2.
The same is true on the right of the
diagram. Here 1 . Kh2 Ke7 2. h7
wraps up.
On the right, assistance of the king
is required: 1 . Bh7! Kf6 2. Kf4
Kf7 3. Kf5 KfS 4. Kf6 winning.
,
..t
54 Fifth step
Test Mix: K
K • J. 'iV I. . • � .1
� , � , " ' -*- , -*- , -*- "
, .! � , , 'i¥
Cfj , ,
/5, /5, Cfj Cfj �
/5, Cfj .t /5, � /5, /5, /5,
� /5, /5, /5, /5, � /5, � /5, /5, /5, /5, /5, /5,
� <it> � � � � � 'iV It �
� � � .! .i .t • I. • I. .t l.
.t � , , , ' " ,
, .t " � , � , � ' 'i¥
,
" � /5, � .t /5, /5, ��
/5, /5, 'iV Cfj /5, Cfj /5, /5, /5,
/5, /5, /5, /5, /5, /5, /5, /5, /5, � /5,
<it> � <it> � � � � It <it>
I. � � • .! I. *, •
, � " , �, , , ,
.t � , � 'i¥ , .t
� , , /5" .t
/5, � Cfj 'iV �
� /5, Cfj /5, /5, /5, Cfj �Cfj
/5, � /5, /5, /5, /5, 'iV <it> /5, /5, /5, /5, /5,
� � <it> 'iV <it> .t1 .t1
K � • I. .t � I.
, , .t " , .t
, � ,
'iV .t � � 'iV , 'iV ' � �
/5, � /5, /5, , Cfj ,
/5, /5,
/5, /5, � /5, /5, 'iV ' � � /5, /5, /5,
� � � � � <it> It -
55
Test Mix: L
1. 1. • I. oi * I. � 1&
' 'ii 1& , " 'iV ' �,
, ltJ , I& .t oi "
� , ,
� ltJ ' IJ. i.. IJ.
IJ. 'ii ltJ IJ.
IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ.
� � � � � �
oi .t •
I.
" . , Vi' @> .I � ' @>
1& 1& I. , .t 1& , '
i.. 1& ,
.t 'i¥ IJ. i.. IJ.
IJ. ' IJ. ltJ � IJ. ltJ �� IJ.
IJ. IJ. i.. IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ. IJ. � IJ. � IJ. IJ.
� � � � � �
'i¥ 6 * I. 'ii I. .I •
.t , , , � 'iti
" , , , , ,
IJ. IJ. ' I& IJ. ' �
' IJ. ltJ ltJ IJ. .t IJ. _ IJ.
IJ. � IJ. ltJ IJ. IJ. IJ. ltJ IJ.
IJ. i.. IJ. IJ. IJ. � i.. IJ. IJ. K IJ.
� � � � � � l:t
,
IJ. ' � � �
, IJ. '
IJ. IJ. ,
.t i.
IJ. ltJ IJ. IJ.
l:t i.. �
56 Fi/ill step
Learning chess Step by Step
The Step by Step learning system is an officially acknowledged method by the Dutch Chess
Federation. It has been successfully adopted by the majority of chess clubs and schools in the
Netherlands and Belgium.
The whole system consists of workbooks with exercises and manuals for teachers and trainers.