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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

ELECTRONIC PRODUCTS
ASSEMBLY & SERVICING

Quarter 3 – Module 10

PREPARE / MAKE PCB MODULES

ASIAN TECHNOLOGICAL SKILLS INSTITUTE, INC.

Purok 2, Barangay Cobangbang
Daet, Camarines Norte
 This module covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes
required to assemble electronic products and systems for
consumer/industrial uses/applications. It consist of competencies in
identifying electronic components and circuit, preparing/making
printed circuit board (PCB) modules, mounting and soldering of
components, assembling electronic components and performing
mechanical and electrical/electronic test.

After reading this module, YOU MUST be able to:

1. Explain how the AC-DC power supply works.

2. Identify the different types of power supply and filter stages.
3. Identify the parts and electronic components of AC-DC power supply.

Learning Competency

Prepare / Make PCB Modules (TLE_IAEPAS9-12AEP-IVb-c-28)

(This test has no bearing to your output/performance but it could help you to
understand what’s this module is all about that could beared high grades for your
output/performance. see end of this module to campare your answer using
answer key)

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter that correspond to the correct

answer on your answer sheet.

1. How many stages do basic power supplies have?

A. Three
B. Two
C. Five
D. None of the above

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 2. What component do we need to use in a simple basic filtering
stage?
A. Resistor
B. Oscilloscope
C. Diode
D. Filter Capacitor / Electrolytic Capacitor

3. Why is it that a bridge type rectifier is the most expensive type

rectifier stage?
A. it uses two diodes
B. It uses four rectifier diodes
C. It can rectify only one diode
D. limited stocks in the market

4. What stage of the power supply step-down the high AC voltage to

small AC voltage?
A. Rectifier Stage
B. Filter Stage
C. Transformer Stage
D. Capacitor Stage

5. What stage of the power supply converts small ac voltage to

pulsating dc voltages?
A. Capacitor Stage
B. Filter Stage
C. Transformer Stage
D. Rectifier Stage

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 IDENTIFY THE PARTS: Identify the parts of the diagram shown below
and write it on your own answer sheet.

a. Fuse Holder d. Rubber g. LED

Gourmet
b. Printed Circuit h. AC plug
Board e. Aligator Clip
i. Transformer
c. Rotary Switch f. Rotary Switch
Knob

You previously learned in the common competencies the

different electronic components and devices, it also includes the
interpretation of different kinds of schematic diagrams.

In this module that knowledge will be used to prepare an AC-

DC Power supply for Assemble. But before going further you must
study first what is a power supply? How it works? Its function, types,
and parts.

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Power Supply
A power supply is the heart of
all electronics equipment. It
converts AC input power line to DC
output voltage. It is the one, which
supplies the desired voltage or
current in a circuit. Without it all of
the electronic equipment’s will not
function properly or dead set.

TYPES OF AC-DC POWER SUPPLY

A basic power supply consists of three basic stages: the transformer
stage, rectifier stage, filter stage and the regulator stage.

1. Half-Wave Rectifier Circuit

One rectifier diode D1 is needed and load resistor RL to conduct

on one alteration in every cycle of small AC input.

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 2. Full-Wave Center-Tapped Rectifier Circuit

Using this type of circuit, you’ll need a center-tapped transformer,

two rectifier diodes and aload resistor RL. Each of the diode supplies one-
half the DC load current.

3. Full-Wave Bridge Type Rectifier Circuit

The previous circuit illustration uses four rectifier diodesD1 D2 D3

D4and a load resistor RL. Bridge circuit makes it possible to remove the
center-tapped transformer. Between the two previous types of power
supply (Half-wave and Full-wave center tapped), this circuit can deliver
a higher current range to the load, because all of cycles are consumed
by the four diodes.

The operation of this rectifier circuit is different from the half-wave

and full-wave center tapped. The conduction of AC. voltage starts from
Line-A going to Line-B.

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First Conduction

The negative half-cycle will be going to conduct to the

cathode of diode D1, thru the RL and going to conduct to the cathode
of diode D4 then Line-B. In this case D1 and D4 are conducting.

Second Conduction

The positive half-cycle will be going to conduct to the anode

of diode D2, thru the RL and going to conduct to the anode of diode D3
then Line-B. In this case D2 and D3 are conducting.

Characteristics of a Full Bridge Type Power Supply

1. Expensive
2. Needs a lower value of capacitance
3. Needs a four rectifier diodes

Filter Stage

The filtering stage is one of the stages of the power supply, which
filters the pulsating dc, and makes it a pure dc. The main function of the
filter circuit is to increase the dc output and smoothen the pulsating dc.

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Basic Methods of Filtering

1. Simple Capacitor in Parallel

You can parallel as many electrolytic capacitors as you want. This

will increase the amount of capacitance causing good filtering effects
to dc output. This is used for high current applications; the only
disadvantage will occupy a bigger space.

2. Filter with RC Circuit

This circuit is actually a resistor in series with the positive line

together with 2 bypass capacitor C1 & C2. It is good in lowering the DC
voltage output.

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 3. Filter with Inductor

This circuit has a good filtering effect to the pulsating DC output of the
rectifier. It uses minimal value of capacitance and it is good in low
current and high current application. The only disadvantage, the
inductor in series with the positive line takes up big space in mounting in
the pc.

External Parts of AC-DC Power Supply

The external parts of an AC-DC power supply are as follows:

Front Panel – contains the power switch, voltage selector switch, and the
power indicator.

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Internal Parts of AC-DC Power Supply
The internal parts of the AC-DC Power Supply are shown in the figure
6
10 4 2 5

9
8

FUSE HOLDER
7
1
3

Parts of AC-DC Power Supply

1. Alligator Clip - A special type of connector used to connect the

power supply to the electronic gadget.
2. Capacitor - A capacitor stores electric charge. A capacitor is
used with a resistor in a timing circuit. It can also be used as a
filter, to block DC signals but pass AC signals.
3. Case and Cover - It serves as a housing of an AC-DC power
supply.
4. Diode - A device which only allows current to flow in one
direction.
5. LED Light Emitting Diode - A transducer which converts electrical
energy to light.
6. Line cord - A type of cord used to connect the unit to the voltage
source.

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 7. Printed Circuit Board (PCB) – a conductive pattern formed on one
or both sides of an insulating base by etching, plating or
stamping.
8. Resistor - A resistor restricts the flow of current, for example to limit
the current passing through an LED. A resistor is used with a
capacitor in a timing circuit.
9. Rotary Switch - A switch that is operated by a rotating shaft.
10. Transformer - A component that consist of two or more coils
which are coupled together by magnetic induction.
11. Fuse - A protective device used to prevent the circuit from short
circuit or damage.
12. On-Off switch - Used to on and off the circuit.

MULTIPLE CHOICE: Write the letter that correspond to the correct

answer on your answer sheet.

1. How many basic methods of filtering do the filtering stages have?

A. Five B. Two C. Three D. None

2. How many types of rectifier circuits do basic power supplies have?

A. Five B. Three C. Two D. None

3. What stage of the power supply smoothen the pulsating dc into

pure dc voltages?
A. Rectifier Stage B. Filter Stage C. Transformer Stage D. Capacitor Stage

4. How many diodes do full-wave center tapped power supplies

have?
A. Five B. Three C. Two D. None

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Quarter 3 | Module 10 | Prepare/make PCB Modules
 5. Why is it that a half-wave rectifier is the cheapest type rectifier
stage?
A. it uses two diodes
B. It uses four rectifier diodes
C. It can rectify only one diode
D. limited stocks in the market

IDENTIFY THE PARTS: Identify the parts of the diagram shown below
and write it on your own answer sheet.

a. Fuse Holder d. Rubber

Gourmet g. LED
b. Printed Circuit
Board e. Aligator Clip h. AC plug

f. Rotary Switch i. Transformer

c. Rotary Switch Knob
Printed Circuit Board
Rotary Switch knob

Rubber gourmet
Rotary switch
Transformer

Aligator clip

9. Fuse holder
Identify the parts:
Multiple choice:

AC plug
What I know?

(PCB)
LED
d
b

d
a

c
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

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