‫ار ا

  ة‬

‫دروس  ة ا

 ا‬
‫ا ا  ری 
ت‬

‫ا"
! ا ي‬

‫إ‪$‬اد‪ :‬ا ذ ﻡ"د د‬

   
  
   



3 ..................................................................... 

5 .............................................................



5 ................................................................. 
 – 1.1
5 .............................................. : C    – 2.1
5 ................................................................. : "
# – 3.1
6 ................................................................ : "
$# – 4.1
6 ............................................ :   ' %& – 5.1
6 ............................................................... : () – 6.1
7 ................................................................. : *+ # – 7.1
9 ............................................. :   ,, %& – 8.1
12 .............................................................. : "
$# – 9.1
13 ........................................ : 
  "
##  – 10.1
15 ............................................................. : "
# – 11.1
17 ............................................................ : "
$# – 12.1
18 ............................................................. : "
# – 13.1
20............................................................
 
20 ............................................................. : 
 – 1.2
20 ....................................................: 
   '  – 2.2
20 ...................................................... : '  
% – 3.2
21 ..................................................... : - .  – 4.2
22 ...........................................................: ' "
/# – 5.2
22 .............................................................. : "
$# – 6.2
23 .......................................................... :   – 7.2

1
   
  
   


23 .............................................................. : "
$# – 8.2
25 ............................................................. : 
 – 9.2
25 .......................................................... : 0 & – 10.2
26 ............................................................ : "
$# – 11.2
27 ..................................................... :    '  – 12.2
28 .......................................... : 1
 – &%   – 13.2
29 ............................................................. : "
# – 14.2
29 ............................................................ : 
 – 15.2
38..........................................................  
38 ............................................................. : 
 – 1.3
38 ............................................................. : 
 – 2.3
38 .............................................................. : "
$# – 3.3
39 .............................................................. : "
$# – 4.3
39 ............................................................. : 
 – 5.3
39 ............................................................. : "# – 6.3
40 .............................................................. : "
$# – 7.3
40 ............................................................. : 
 – 8.3
41 ........................................... : 23 "' , '  – 9.3
42 ............................................................ : "
$# – 10.3
42 ............................................................ : "
$# – 11.3
43 .......................................................: 4 '  – 12.3
44 ............................................. : "
 "
,, '  – 13.3
45 .............................................: "
 "
 '  – 14.3
48 ...................................: (
 
,%) 
   '  – 15.3

2
   
  
   


49 ..................................................... : "8 "$7 – 16.3

49 ............................................................ : "
$# – 17.3
50 ............................................................. : "
# – 18.3
50 ..................................................... : "8 "$7 – 19.3
52 ................................................. :  9 '  – 20.3
52 ............................................................ : "
$# – 21.3
54 ............................................................. : "
# – 22.3
54 ............................................................. : "
# – 23.3
55 ................................. : w = logz '  "

 " – 24.3
57 ............................................................ : 
 – 25.3
58 .................................. : 
3   ' "
3  "
.
% – 26.3
59 ............................................................ : "
$# – 27.3



=> /. 
 ;: 3 "

   ;: 1#< " 1:
."
 ?@ ; =  # , 
 @ 
 
: %>& 1> A  ;: " 1   % A # 3
.R "

 4 "  #% / 1%
   – 7, B = x 2 + 1 = 0
1> " % 1@ A',: 1%<' D'E@ =  /. ): '
> ;> >  + E   .(?) 7
F  n '' ' n "

3
   
  
   


> >  "#% A#%  "

+
G
 "

 
3 H#8 ' ="
' A
.I 
 /. 8 ;: &'  E

1
J =/   K' "
 I "
4 L' K' #8 #
./
+ + A 1% 1@
)>)    % ; M7 ;
=A
  1 
G
.("
 A' 1
 =
  ;:

4
   
  
   






:  – 1.1

1@ #  ) . (a, b) "


 4 1   NG 8  
.   "# 1 ' 8 ( a = b 1%
  (a, b) ≠ (b, a)
> %# 1>#@ @ = z ,w ,
>, > >' ?>E )   G#
: 1@ @ . C G' "
 4 % " G# . z = (a, b)
{
C = z = (a , b ):(a , b ) ∈ R 2 }
: C     – 2.1
: 
% 1

 1
 ( ⋅ )  (+)  #
: 1O z 2 = (x 2 , y 2 )  z 1 = (x 1 , y 1 ) 1% :
z 1 + z 2 = (x 1 + x 2 ; y 1 + y 2 )
z 1 ⋅ z 2 = (x 1x 2 − y 1 y 2 ; x 1 y 2 + x 2 y 1 )
."

 4 1   NG P#4 =  Q' 8 /# %
:#%
/' / z 2 = (4, 0)  z 1 = (1,3) 1
 1
'  : 
z 1 + z 2 = (5,3) ; z 1 ⋅ z 2 = (4,12)
 (0,0) >>' > > "'#' 1


 1
E# #G :
.7
F  %& (C , + , ⋅) 1O =
  ; (1,0)
 P>#@ @ . > 8# . =R ; " R  (≤) 
  "37 1: :  
.   1
# z 2  z1 ' ' z1 ≤ z 2 "' % 1%

: ! – 3.1

5
   
  
   


> 
 #G xoy
#     ;:   #'# :
>>' >#G =>
 >' ;
 =ox  ; 1 = (1,0) >'
> 1>%
P>#O =>
)  ' ;
 =oy  ; i = (0,1)
: #
 =F' %  "
 

i 2 = (0,1) ⋅ (0,1) = (−1,0) = −1
: 1@ @
i 2 = −1

:  ! – 4.1
z = x + iy : %&'  %
z 1O z = (x , y )   @ @ 1
:  %# 1@ 1%
="' 
   ' : "#$
z = (x , y ) = (x , 0) + (0, y ) = x (1, 0) + y (0,1)
= x ⋅1 + y ⋅ i
= x + iy
z = (2, 5) = 2 + 5i : 

: %


 % &'( – 5.1

.z  ' %&' z = x + iy ' ; = z = ( x, y ) 1% :
. x = Re z >' P G# z > 
 SG' x +# #
. y = Im z >' P G# z > >
)  SG>' y #
.z  0  z = x − iy = (x , − y )  ;


: )* – 6.1

6
   
  
   


: 1O z 2 = (x 2 , y 2 )  z 1 = (x 1 , y 1 ) 1% :
. y 1 = y 2  x 1 = x 2 ⇔ z 1 = z 2 (1
z 1 + z 2 = x 1 + iy 1 + x 2 + iy 2 = (x 1 + x 2 ) + i ( y 1 + y 2 ) (2
= (x 1 + x 2 ; y 1 + y 2 )

./' ;: "


 SG4  @
./' ;: "

)  SG4 
z 1 ⋅ z 2 = (x 1 + iy 1 ) ⋅ (x 2 + iy 2 ) (3
= x 1x 2 + ix 1 y 2 + ix 2 y 1 + i 2 y 1 y 2
= (x 1x 2 − y 1 y 2 ) + i (x 1 y 2 + x 2 y 1 )
= (x 1x 2 − y 1 y 2 ; x 1 y 2 + x 2 y 1 )
.0'  

.# 8

.0'  

.# 8
z 1 x 1 + iy 1 (x 1 + iy 1 )(x 2 − iy 2 )
= =
z 2 x 2 + iy 2 (x 2 + iy 2 )(x 2 − iy 2 )
(4
(x x + y 1 y 2 ) + i (x 2 y 1 − x 1 y 2 )
= 1 2
x 22 + y 22
x 1x 2 + y 1 y 2 x y −x y
= 2 2
+ i 2 21 12 2
x2 + y2 x2 + y2

: ,-#! – 7.1
. z = x − iy 1O z = x + iy 1% : (1
: 1O

7
   
  
   


z + z = 2x = 2 Re z
z − z = 2iy = 2i Im z
z ⋅ z = (x + iy )(x − iy ) = x 2 − ixy + ixy − i 2 y 2 = x 2 + y 2
.w = α + i β 1% : P#@ * # # " E' (2
: 1O
z ⋅w = z ⋅w ; z ± w = z ± w


z  z
 = (w ≠ 0)
w  w

2 z = (1, 2)
1 x

B2 z = (1, −2)

8
   
  
   


: %


   &'( – 8.1

?  ? =   ' #
: 0  %&  % # 
: oxz + T,  #

y
= cos θ ⇒ y = r cos θ
r
y
x
= sin θ ⇒ x = r sin θ
y z = ( x, y ) r
 M&  r >' #G T

r
θ >' #G =z P
/# (0) P
'
θ =ox   M& 8 /#E
 
o x
x
.("  "%
%)  Q  
>% . r = z : >>' / G
 =z > " "
 @ ' r ;R

. θ = arg z : >' / G

 z  @ "
G' θ ;
y
tgθ = 1@ $7#
x

2
r2 = z =x2+y2

r = z = x2+y2
: 1O  '
z = (x , y ) = x + iy = r cos θ + ir sin θ = r (cos θ + i sin θ) = r e i θ
: @
e i θ = cos θ + i sin θ

y x
arg (0) 1@ sin θ =  cos θ = : 1@ $>)
2 2 2 2
x +y x +y

9
   
  
   


.(1

# 
9 arg (∞) 
: %&' z "' % 1%
0'  '
y
i arctg
z = r e i θ = z e i θ = x 2 + y 2e x

.z   ,, %&' z = z e i θ : ' ; : 

. z = x 2 + y 2 1O z = x + iy 1% : :  
: P#
2
z = x 2 + y 2 = z ⋅z
: @
2
z = z ⋅z
.? "
E "37 Q8
1+ 3 i
.,, %& ; ' %& ; z =  "' % : &#
2
3 1 1 3
y =  x = T
 z > ' %& 8 z = + i : 1@ $7#
2 2 2 2
2
y 1
2
 3
. tg θ = = 3  z =   +   = 1 T

x 2  2 
3 1
.  1 4 '  
z 1O y = > 0  x = > 0 1@ '
2 2
π
. θ = : 1:
3
π
i
.z = z e iθ
=e 3 8 z > ,, %& 1O  '
: !
."
 4  1 "
,, 
 N #  1%

: 1O z 2 = r2 e i θ  z 1 = r1 e i θ 1% : : 
2
. 
1

10
   
  
   


r1e i θ1 ⋅ r2e i θ2 = z 1 ⋅ z 2 = r1 r2 e i (θ1 +θ2 )

: P#
r1 (cos θ1 + i sin θ1 ) ⋅ r2 (cos θ2 + i sin θ2 ) =
= r1 r2 [ cos (θ1 + θ2 ) + i sin (θ1 + θ2 )]

">' > >

4 > 
34  "
 G#O'
=>
)  SG>  
)  SG =
 SG  
 SG =1

: 1@ #
cos (θ1 + θ2 ) = cos θ1 cos θ2 − sin θ1 sin θ2
sin (θ1 + θ2 ) = sin θ1 cos θ2 + sin θ2 cos θ1

:  
: 1@ $7#
i θ1
z 1 r1e r
= i θ2
= 1 e i θ1 −i θ2
z 2 r2e r2
: #
 H%
ix − ix
e +e
e ix = cos x + i sin x cos x =
2
⇒
− ix e ix − e −ix
e = cos x − i sin x sin x =
2i
:  '
cos(x + y ) + cos(x − y )
cos x ⋅ cos y =
2
cos(x − y ) − cos(x + y )
sin x ⋅ sin y =
2
sin(x + y ) + sin(x − y )
sin x ⋅ cos y =
2

11
   
  
   


.S&# 
 @ N #  1%
%8

:  ! – 9.1
">
  () 1O =1

 1
 w = (α, β)  z = (x , y ) 1% :
: "
z ± w ≤ z + w (5 z ≥ 0 (1
z z
= ( w ≠ 0) (6 z = z (2
w w
z ± w ≥ z − w (7 − z ≤ Re z ≤ z (3
− z ≤ Im z ≤ z
z ≤ x + y ≤ 2 z (8 z .w = z ⋅ w (4

: "#$
. z 
 1 (2  (1 * #

: 1% 1 * # (3 @
x = x2 ≤ x2+y2 = z

y = y2 ≤ x2+y2= z
: 14 z = z ⋅ z 1% 1 * # (4 @
2

2 2 2
z .w = (zw )(z w ) = (zw )(z w ) = z w
: P#
zw = z w
: #
 H%
2 2 2
z ±w = (z ± w )(z ± w ) = z ± zw ± zw + w
2 2
= z ± zw ± zw + w

12
   
  
   


. zw = zw : 14
: 1O zw + zw = 2 Re zw T

2 2
z ±w = z ± 2 Re zw + w
: 1%
(3 
2 2
≤z + 2 zw + w
: 1%
(4  3 
2 2
=z +2 z w +w
2
: #
  ' z ± w P#
2
≤(z +w )
z ±w ≤ z + w
.(5 1 * # (7 "37
: #
 (8 A',<
2 2 2 2 2 2
z =x2+y2 = x + y ≤x + y + 2 x y =( x + y )
: P#
z≤x+ y
: #
 2)@ "/ 1
( x − y )2 ≥ 0 ⇒ 2
x + y ≥2 x y
2

( 2
)
⇒ 2 x + y ≥ x + y + 2 x y =(x + y )
2 2 2 2

: P#
x+ y≤ 2 z

: 

 !! / – 10.1

y
A :   0  %& ' #
z = ( x, y )
y 1O A "#  z 1%
#
z . arg z = θ  z = r
A 1 F37# (0)  z 
 ' #3 O
θ
o x
x =A#% % z = r 1O ? A ;:  ,

13
   
  
   


>#
' z = r 1O "
#,   #R %  : = arg z = θ + 2π #
'
>#
' z = r 1O>  k  #R% : %8 . . .U arg z = θ + 4π D'E
.("
E 4 " Z) k ∈ Z T
 arg z = θ + 2k π
%>& 1%
+# ("  Q 
% z  : "' "
G '  )
: 8 z    ,,
z = z e i θ+ 2 k πi ; k ∈ 
.(0)  z A   k "
3
: >' ; z   "
##  : 

1 ( θ+ 2 k π )
i
n
z =z n =n z e n ; n ∈, k ∈

*+> #
>.# ; > k > 2)4 

 14 k ∈ {0,1,… , n − 1} )@ .%

.;4
. 0 z = z 1@ DE

. ,, %& ; P ' % 1 '  z   

  :  #$  

14
   
  
   


: ! – 11.1
: 1O z ∈ C % @ 1

n
z =n z

: 8 z >  ,, %& : "#$

z = z e i ( θ+ 2 k π)
: 8 z > "
##  1O  '
θ+ 2 k π θ+ 2 k π
i( ) i( )
n
z = n z e n = n z e n =n z

y
. β ∈  % @ 1 e i β = 1 14
  8 −1 1O z = −1 @ 1 : &#
x
-1 arg(−1) = π  −1 = 1  −1 = −1 + i (0)
:  ' −1 = e i π+ 2 k πi 8 (−1)   ,, %&  '
π+ 2 k π
i( )
3
−1 = e 3 ; k ∈

.# %  k > 2)4 
 "
' 14 = k > "
  
3 T7, )@ .%

.W ...= k ∈ {−2, − 1, 0} @ k ∈ {1, 2,3} @ k ∈ {0,1, 2} )V# H .*+ #
.H 7) %
  ="' ?
3 ? k > #
: 8 3
−1 
3 1:
5π π
i i
. k = 2 @ 1 e3  k = 1 @ 1 e πi
 k = 0 @ 1 e3
π 5π
i i
. −1 ; e 3 ; e 3 8 3
−1 
3 1:
1 3 1 3
. −1 ;
+ i ; − i : ' %&' 8
2 2 2 2
.". ) 
3 T7, 8 (−1)  "
'
%   1:

15
   
  
   


.". ) 
3
) 8 (−1)  "
) 
.". ) "
3 n 8 (−1)  "
## 
y . z = 1  "
'
%   : *0 &#
arg1 = 0  1 = 1 #

x
1 : 8 1   ,, %&  '
1 = e 0i + 2 k πi
: 1O  '
2k π
i
3
1 =e 3 ; k ∈ {0,1, 2}
: 8 k "
3  = 3 1 
3 1O  '
2π 4π
i i
1;e 3 ;e 3

1 3 1 3
+ .1 ; −
i ;− − i : @
2 2 2 2
= x = (x , 0) = x + i (0) : %&' P ' % 1%
k ∈  
  % 1@ T

.  ⊂  @ .  8 
  % 1O
– 7, – #
 P#4 .
  @ ; %. #
2 = 2(1) = 2 e 2 k πi
−2 = 2(−1) = 2 e πi + 2 k πi
: 1% 
2k π
i
n
2=n2e n

π+ 2 k π
( )i
n n
−2 = 2 e n

: 8 −2 
3 7, 1% 
π+ 2 k π
( )i
−2 = 2 e 2 ; k ∈ {0,1}
π 3π
i i
. 2e 2 ; 2 e2 @

16
   
  
   


. i 2 ; − i 2 8
1 3
.5 + i B 7, –  :  # 12
2 2
1 3
:  ,, %& ; z  %# z = + i " Q8  #
2 2
2
1  3
2
z =   +   =1
 2   2 
π
.F' #
@ % arg z = 
3
: P#
π
1 3 i + 2 k πi
+ i =e 3
2 2
:  '
π 2 k πi
1 3 i+
5 + i = e 15 5 ; k ∈ {0,1, 2,3, 4}
2 2
1 3
: 8 5 + i 
3 1% 
2 2
π 7π 13π 19 π 25 π
i i i i i
e 15 ; e 15 ; e 15 ; e 15 ; e 15

:  ! – 12.1
. z = x + iy  zn = xn + iyn 1% 
1>
  A>#% (⇔) : z > # "'  {z n }n "
  1% : /-
!
.  ; y  x # 1
'  {yn }n  {xn }n
lim xn = x 
. n+∞
⇔ lim z n = z 1@ @
lim yn = y  n +∞
n+∞ 

17
   
  
   


x n − x  →0 
n →+∞ 
 ⇔ z n − z  → 0 @
y n − y  → 0 n →+∞
n →+∞ 

: #
 (8) SG 9.1.1 "
$#  : "#$
z n − z = ( xn − x) + i ( yn − y ) ≤ xn − x + yn − y ≤ 2 z n − z
. ; E# P#

: ! – 13.1
1O =/ "
+G 
 A
  " ;: X
7 " 1@ '
1
>

 1
 " ;: ∑ zn "
 7 "  "' "
$#
n≥ 0

."
 SG4 "

 SGI ∑ yn  ∑ xn
n≥ 0 n≥ 0
n
– 13.1.1  – Y %
S n = ∑ z k "
 "
+G 
 "
   14
k =0
n n
S n′′ = ∑ y k  S n′ = ∑ x k ">

)  SG4 "

 SG4 
  
k =0 k =0

.  ;
in
."
 
 A ∑ "  " : &#
n ≥1 log n

."
 (≤) "37' 1

 1
 "# 1%
 P#@ T


y
P
@G ;: "   E ;: V# ##O
π
i . arg i =  i = 1 #
 :
% 
)  

2
x : 8 i   ,, %&  '
π
i + 2 kπi
:  ' i = e 2 ; k ∈Z

18
   
  
   

nπ
i + 2 nk πi nπ nπ
i n =e 2 = cos( + 2nk π) + i sin( + 2nk π)
2 2

:  '
nπ nπ
n cos( + 2nk π) sin( + 2nk π)
i 2 2
= +i = x n + iy n
n2 n 2
n2
in
."'  ∑ 2 1O 1
'  ∑ y n  ∑ x n T

n ≥1 n n ≥1 n ≥1

19
   
  
   


"
 ' 
:  – 1.2
 P
3 )V
 ;  f ' % 8  
Z '  ' 
( 1 SG  P
3 )V
 1 SG ; @) .
f : C 
→C
z 
→ w = f (z )

: 3

 # – 2.2
=z > "
3 % A'3 (⇔) : "
3
 P#@ w = f ( z )  ' 1 # (1
.w >   "
3
"
3 % A'3 (⇔) : 
 
,% @ 


 P#@ w = f (z ) ' 1 # (2

.w > 
3  =z >
: &#
: #
 P#4 "
3 
 ' 8 w = f (z ) = z 2 •
w = z 2 = (x + iy )2 = x 2 − y 2 + 2xyi
.w >   "
3 /' z > "
3 %
.w = 3 + 2i : # z = 1 + 2i @ 1 7,
.z 
3 "
' @ 1 %8
w >> ">
3 n /' z > "
3 % 14 
3   ' 8 w = f ( z ) = n z •
.(10.1.1 $#)

:  ' – 3.2

."
3 
 1

 1
' g  f 1%

20
   
  
   


.  ; f E 
   R f  D f >' G#
.  ; g E 
   Rg  Dg >' G#
> = ( gof )( z ) = g ( f ( z ) ) '  P#V' gof >' P G# f >' g 
% #
: 8 D gof P.
 " 1%
{
Dgof = z ∈ D f : f ( z ) ∈ Dg }
. R f ∩ D g ≠ φ 1% [% gof 1 T
 ? 1%
P#@ $
D f ;> F  gof D'E
 .? D f 1 SG 8 D gof 1% 
. R f ⊆ D g A#% : /%'

Rf
Rgof
Dgof f g
f(z) g(f(z))
z Rg
Df Dg

gof

1> Q>#3  
# 1@ 1%
=?
 ? P .E' f  '  #$# :
: ,, %&' ' %&' f (z )  %# = 
w = f (z ) = u (x , y ) + iv (x , y ) = w e i ϕ
( z = x + iy = z e ) iθ

→ R T

.1


 1

Z ' 1


 1
' u ,v : R 2 
. u ( x, y ) = Re f ( z ) >' P G
 f '  
 SG' u ( x, y ) ;

. v( x, y ) = Im f ( z ) >' P G
 f > 
)  SG' v( x, y ) ;
%

: 4   – 4.2

.K. δ > 0  z 0 ∈ C 1%


21
   
  
   


>8 Nδ ( z0 ) >' P G# δ 3 E#' z0 > ? . ? #

>8 . N δ (z 0 ) = {z ∈ C : z − z 0 < δ} = D (z 0 , δ) : 1> SG 1 '
.δ Q3 E# z0 QG% - . (3
: 1% (⇔) : - . P#@ G ⊆ C SG 1 #
∀ z ∈ G ; ∃ Nδ ( z ) : Nδ ( z ) ⊂ G
7>) >&#    . ? = "%' E 1\ 1 ##
.H

: # #! – 5.2

.,%4 ; z0 S#, ' z0 >  ; F R  ?' f 1%

: 
  0 (⇔) : lim f ( z ) =  1@ #
z → z0

∀ ε > 0 , ∃δ > 0 : z − z 0 < δ ⇒ f ( z ) −  < ε

. z0 >   z T
 z − z0 
→ 0 1% % f ( z ) −  
→ 0 @
.  > > 
f ( z ) 1O z0   z A3 : P#@ #
8
z f(z) z0 1 z  3 1@ T

z0  P # 
9  ' 
( z → z0 )
δ ε  
 3 8 14 = ' 1
1   8 z P% 
' 
Z '  "
3 
Z  1@ 
P#O . 
. z0
">
/# "> > > 1

' ' 
( x → x0 ) x0 1 x  3 1% )
.("



:  ! – 6.2

22
   
  
   


>  ;  "

3 
 ' f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) 1%

.,%4 ; z0 S#, ' z0
.  = α + iβ  z0 = x0 + iy0  z = x + iy 
: #
 +#
lim u ( x, y ) = α 
( x , y ) → ( x0 , y 0 ) 
v ( x, y ) = β 
⇔ lim f ( z ) = 
lim z → z0

( x , y ) → ( x0 , y 0 ) 

: "#$
: 1O (8) SG 8.1.1 "
$# 
f ( z ) −  ≤ u ( x, y ) − α + v ( x, y ) − β ≤ 2 f ( z ) − 
. ; E# P#

:  56 – 7.2

. z0 >  ; F  "
3 
 ? ' f 1%

. lim f ( z ) = f ( z0 ) A#% (⇔) : z0 #   f 1@ #
z → z0

: Y %
8
∀ ε > 0 , ∃δ > 0 : z − z 0 < δ ⇒ f ( z ) − f ( z 0 ) < ε
. z0   z % @ 1 z − z0 
→ 0 # f ( z ) − f ( z0 ) 
→ 0 @
 > f 1% (⇔) : (G ⊆ C)G " ; ?  f 1@ #
.G 1 "# % #
= z 0 >#   1%
1@ '

 f 1O "
/# "  P#@ $
. z 0 # F  f 1%
1@ 
  "  #
'

:  ! – 8.2

23
   
  
   


>>  ; > ">

3 >
 f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) 1%

: ] +# . z0 = x0 + iy0 = ( x0 , y0 )
. ( x0 , y0 ) # 1  v( x, y )  u ( x, y )} ⇔ z0 # ?  f
: T

f ( z0 ) = u ( x0 , y0 ) + iv( x0 , y0 )

: 1@ #
8 1O
lim u ( x, y ) = u ( x0 , y0 )
( x , y ) → ( x0 , y 0 ) 
v( x, y ) = v( x0 , y0 ) 
⇔ lim f ( z ) = f ( z0 )
lim z → z0

( x , y ) → ( x0 , y 0 ) 
: "#$
: 1O (8) SG 8.1.1 "
$# 
f (z ) − f (z 0 ) ≤ u (x , y ) − u (x 0 , y 0 ) + v (x , y ) −v (x 0 , y 0 )
≤ 2 f (z ) − f (z 0 )

. * #
P#
v( x, y ) = y  u ( x, y ) = x 2 14 ;   f ( z ) = x 2 + iy '  : &#
. z0 = ( x0 , y0 ) "# % # 1 
x y
. C \ {(1, −1)} ;   g ( z ) = +i #
'
y + 1 x −1
:  #$  
;>' =">

 '    A
/#' "  A
$# % ;'
."/'& "
' 18'  ="
 '  "'#' "
E

24
   
  
   


:  – 9.2
.,%4 ; z0 S#, ' z0 '  "
3 
 ? ' f 1%

. lim f ( z ) = 0 A#% (⇔) : lim f ( z ) = 0 1@ #
z → z0 z → z0

. lim f ( z ) = ∞ A#% (⇔) : lim f ( z ) = ∞ 1@ #

z → z0 z → z0

: 7#(6 – 10.2
. z0 >  ;  "
3 
 ' f 1%

">>
/# A>>#% (⇔) : z0 >># 0> & >'
f 1@ >#
f ( z0 + h) − f ( z0 ) f ( z0 + h) − f ( z0 )
.
  lim @ lim
h →0 h h →0 h
># f 0 & /
# f ' ( z0 ) G' 8   "
/# Q/ G#
.? z − z 0 = h ∈ C T
 = z0
: 1@ @
f (z 0 + h ) − f (z 0 )
lim = f ' (z 0 )
h →0 h
: P#@ #
8
f (z 0 + h ) − f (z 0 )
∀ε > 0, ∃δ > 0: z − z 0 = h < δ ⇒ − f ' (z 0 ) < ε
h
; 0 & '
f 1@ # z ∈ G Uz "# % #  & f '3 :
.G "
>
 ' 0 & 
 1  )
  ' 0 & 
 1@ '

.1
.
  1
' ?
'% ?
8  7 ) H#8 1@ : =8$ %& T
 1
1

'> >' x0 1   x P
1%
=
 ' 0 & 
 14
.x<
→ x0  x >
→ x0 :

25
   
  
   


z0 1>> z >> 3 P>

>
=> ' 0 & 
  #
'
 A> 1: ">
/# 1@ .   ' 1 P # 
9  ' ( z → z0 )
 1@ >
">
/# "
3 1@ @ . z0 1  
8 z P%

'' 0
. 3
' 

Z ' 
Z
: &#
∀ z ∈ C P>>#4 . >% ; 0> & >'
f ( z ) = z 2 + 1 ' 
:1O
f ( z ) − f ( z0 ) z 2 − z02
lim = lim = 2 z0
z → z0 z − z0 z → z0 z − z
0

: &#
: 14 . 1 z0 "# @ # 0 & '
 g ( z ) = z + 4 '  @
g (z 0 + h ) − g (z 0 ) h
lim = lim
h →0 h h →0 h

: ' 
 h = x 1O ox 
 
  ' h  → 0 1% O
h x
lim = lim = 1
h →0 h x →0 x

: ' h = iy 1O oy 
)  
  ' h 
→ 0 1% :
h iy
lim = lim = −1
h →0 h y → 0 iy
h
g > ' = 3
' 
Z  
Z /#4  A
 lim "
/# 1:
h →0 h

.0 & '



:  ! – 11.2
>
>' >  ">
3 >
 >' f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) 1%
>
: #
 +# = z0 = x0 + iy0
: 1

  1
& 0 ⇔ z0 # 0 & '
f
26
   
  
   


. ( x0 , y0 ) # .  1
'3 u  v #%
1@ (1
: 1  0 1@ (2
∂u ∂v
( x0 , y0 ) = ( x0 , y0 )
∂x ∂y
∂u ∂v
(x 0 , y 0 ) = − (x 0 , y 0 )
∂y ∂x
∂u
.( (x 0 , y 0 ) = u x (x 0 , y 0 ) >' #
@ G#)
∂x
:  
T>
 = z 0 = (x 0 , y 0 ) "># ># 0 & '
f 1% : P#@ $7#
: #
 P#O f = u + iv
f ′(z 0 ) = u x (x 0 , y 0 ) + iv x (x 0 , y 0 )
= v y (x 0 , y 0 ) + iv x (x 0 , y 0 )
= u x (x 0 , y 0 ) − iu y (x 0 , y 0 )
= v y (x 0 , y 0 ) − iu y (x 0 , y 0 )

:  # – 12.2

"
#, "'  1 "
+G A & u  v 1
'  1% : f = u + iv 1%

: #
 +# . 
∂u ∂v ∂ 2u ∂ 2 v
= ⇒ 2=
∂x ∂y ∂x ∂x∂y
∂u ∂v ∂ 2u ∂ 2v
=− ⇒ 2 =−
∂y ∂x ∂y ∂y∂x
∂ 2v ∂ 2v
: 1O = T

∂x∂y ∂y∂x
∂ 2 u ∂ 2u
∆u = + =0
∂x 2 ∂y 2

27
   
  
   


: "> ;> . ∆f = 0  ' ∆v = 0 : 1@ # "


.#'
∂ 2 u ∂ 2u
>?' =>/
' % ;
 ="
.  (7' " ∆u = 2 + 2 = 0
∂x ∂y
.?
 

:
. 
: 14   ' u ( x, y ) = x 2 − y 2
∆u = u xx + u yy = 2 − 2 = 0
: 14 ?
 

 u ( x, y ) = x 2 + y 2 #
'
∂ 2u
∆u = u xx + u yy = 4 ≠ 0 (u xx = )
∂x 2

: "#  – (' 

# – 13.2
: 1
 ;
 ∂u ∂v
 ∂x = ∂y
 ∂u ∂v
 =−
 ∂y ∂x
.1
 – &% 1

+G 1

.  1
'
1> % .  "
'3 & ;: " <' =1
 1
8 "
8@ 1% 
'>  0 & "
' G
 A.E /#%  U14.2.1 "
$# (# % v  u
. ( f = u + iv) f
?SG> >?

 ?SG #%
1@ v  u 1
' 4 1%
 P#O 8 ;
1>'  1: / 14.2.1 "
$# & 
  0 &7 7'3 f '  ?

)
.1
 – &%  '

28
   
  
   


: ! – 14.2
># 1>
 &%   1
 v  u 1% f = u + iv 1% :
."# Q8 # 0 & '
 f 1O = (x 0 , y 0 ) "#

:  
">+3 ;' U"

 '  "  0 &' "  A
$# % ;'
."/'& "
' 18'  ="
 '  " 
:
. 
f
># g (z ) ≠ 0 )  fg  f ± g 1O 0 & 17'
g  f 1% :
g
: #
 0 & ' (0 & g 8# '
  #

( f ± g )' ( z ) = f ' ( z ) ± g' ( z )

( f .g )' ( z ) = f ' ( z ) g ( z ) + f ( z ).g' ( z )
'
f  f ' ( z ) g ( z ) − f ( z ) g' ( z )
  ( z ) =
g g 2 ( z)

:  – 15.2
1
'
f ( ) 1% (⇔) : z = ∞ # 0> & >'
f ( z ) 1@ #
z
. z = 0 # 0 &

29
   
  
   


 "# 

.  P S3 '3 1

  ' = 
1@ V# : 8
 3#$

: ' %& ; "
  4 1 %  % – 1
10
1 − 2i  1 + i 
;
1 + 2i  2 
 ; 1+ i 3
5
( )
: &
. z = x + iy : 8   ' %&
y
. tgθ = U arg z = θ  z = x 2 + y 2 T

x
π
. θ = arg z =  z = 2 1O z = 1 + i 3 1%

3
: 8 z > ,, %& 1:
π
i
z = z e iθ = 2 e 3

: P#
π
5 5 i 1 3
(1+ i 3 ) = 25 e 3 = 32 ( −
2 2
i)

: 1:
(1 + i 3 ) =16 − 16
5
3i
: "

.#'
π 1+ i 1 i
. θ = arg z =  z = 1 1O z = = + ' '
4 2 2 2
: 1:
π
i
z = e4
: P#
30
   
  
   

10 π 5π
1+ i  10 i i
  =e 4 =e 2 =i
 2
: 1:
10
1+ i 
  = 0+i
 2
:  %# =
)4  "'#' @
1 − 2i (1 − 2i ) 2 − 3 − 4i 3 4
= = =− − i
1 + 2i (1 + 2i ) (1 − 2i ) 5 5 5
: 
  % 0  " "
 @ – 2
− 2 3 − 2i ; (5 + i ) 6 ; 2 i 7
: &
. z = z e iθ 1O z ∈ C % @ 1 #

: P# z n = z e inθ 1O  '
n

n n
zn =z e inθ = z / e inθ = 1

n
z n = z e −inθ
: 1:
(
z n = z e − iθ ) =z
n n

n
.z = z n 1@ @
: 1:
− 2 3 − 2i = 12 + 4 = 4 ; − 2 3 − 2i = −2 3 + 2i

2i7 = 2 i7 = 2 ; ( )
2 i 7 = 2 (i )7 = 2(−i )7
6 6
6
(5 + i )6 = 5 + i = ( 26 ) 6
; (5 + i ) = 5 + i ( ) = (5 − i )
6

: "
  I "
)   – 3

31
   
  
   


(
i ; 1+ i 3 ) 11
;1; 2 2 +2 2i
. − 1 ; − 7 + 6 2 i : 1
 "

'  
: &
.Q
 /
+# ,, %& ;   "' % 1%@ %
π
. arg i =  i =1 : #
 i  @ 1
2
: 8 i   ,, %& 1:
π π 2 kπ
i + 2 kπi i+ i
i= e2 ⇒ i 5
= e10 5

.%  2)4 
 "
' 14  k ∈ {0 ,1, 2 , 3 , 4} )@ .%
 . k ∈ Z T

: 8 5
i 
3 1:
π π 9 13 17
i i πi πi πi
e10 ; e 2 ; e 10 ; e 10 ; e 10
: P# 1 = e 2 kπi 1O 1  "'#' @
2 kπ
i
5 5
1=e ; k ∈Z
: 8 5 1 
3 1: k ∈ {0 ,1, 2 , 3 , 4} )@ .%

2π 4π 6π 8π
i i i i
1; e 5 ; e 5 ; e 5 ; e 5
: #
 2 2 + 2 2 i  @ 1
y
2 2 + 2 2 i = 4 , tgθ = =1
x
π
.θ = 1: y = 2 2 > 0  x = 2 2 > 0 
4
: P#
π
i + 2 kπi
⇐ 2 2 + 2 2 i = 4e4
π 2 kπi
i+
5
2 2 +2 2i = 5
4 e 20 5 ; k ∈ {0 ,1, 2 , 3 , 4}

."' "

)  # P
3 k SO'

32
   
  
   


(
: 1+ i 3 )
11
 ?
)@

(1 + i 3 ) 11
= 1+ i 3
11
= 211

: 1O arg( z n ) = n(arg z ) T

π 11π
(
arg 1 + i 3 )11
(
= 11 arg 1 + i 3 = 11. ) 3
=
3

: P#
11π
i + 2 kπi
(1 + i 3 ) = 2 11 11
e 3
11 11π 2 kπi
⇒ (1 + i 3 ) = 2
11 i+
5 5 e 15 5
. # {0,1, 2, 3, 4} 
 k SO'
: #
 (−1)  "'#'
π
i + kπi
− 1 = eπi + 2 kπi ⇒ −1 = e 2 ;k ∈Z
: P#
 i : G k @ 1
−1 = 
− i :  k @ 1

: − 7 + 6 2 i

 8*9

−6 2
− 7 + 6 2 i = 11 ; tgθ =
7
"> Q>8  V# H .
/& 
G 1 A
 θ "
G 1@ $7#
: "
  "
' − 7 + 6 2 i  
 ;:

⇔ − 7 + 6 2 i = x + iy 1@ K.#

33
   
  
   


− 7 + 6 2 i = ( x + iy ) 2 = x 2 − y 2 + 2 xyi
2 2
x 2 + y 2 = x + iy = − 7 + 6 2 i =  − 7 + 6 2 i  = 11 T

2

 
: "
  A " ; E# P#
 x 2 − y 2 = −7

2 xy = 6 2
 x 2 + y 2 = 11

: 1@ # " Q8 '
y = ±3  x = ± 2
: 1O P#
−7+6 2i =± ( 2 + 3i )
. z 2 − (5 − i ) z + (8 − i ) = 0 : "  – 4
∆ = (5 − i ) 2 − 4 (8 − i ) = − 8 − 6i : &
⇔ ∆ = x + iy # H
− 8 − 6i = ∆ = ( x + iy ) 2 = x 2 − y 2 + 2 xyi
: # 1
 "''
x 2 − y 2 = −8
2 xy = −6
2
. 10 = ∆ = x 2 + y 2 T

: A " ; E#
 x 2 − y 2 = −8

2 xy = −6
 x 2 + y 2 = 10

. y = ∓3  x = ±1 P#
: 8 1
 P# ∆ = ±1 ∓ 3i  '
34
   
  
   


z1 = 2 + i
z 2 = 3 − 2i
z
. 
9 lim 1@ 18' – 5
z →0 z

.(0) # Q' z ;


'' 0  8   "
/# 1: : &
: P# z = x ∈ R 1O ox ' z → 0 1% :
z x
lim = lim = 1
z →0 z x →0 x

: P# z = iy 1O oy ' z → 0 A#% :

z − iy
lim = lim = −1
z →0 z y →0 iy

">
/#  ' .(0) # z Q' ;

' 
Z ' A
Z "
/# P

. A

z2 +1
. lim  – 6
z →i z6 +1
z2 +1 0
. lim = 1

  8 " 1: : &

z →i z6 +1 0
: 1@ # z 6 + 1 = 0 " '

z2 +1 z2 +1 1
lim 6 = lim 2 4 2
=
z →i z + 1 z →i ( z + 1)( z − z + 1) 3

;   f ( z ) = log( x 2 + y 2 ) + i ( x 2 − y 2 ) : 1@ 18' (9 –7
. C*
: >'  g '   
 (

35
   
  
   


 z 2 + 4 : z ≠ 2i
g (z ) =  z −2i
3 + 4i : z = 2i

: &
v( x, y ) = x 2 − y 2  u ( x, y ) = log( x 2 + y 2 ) 14 C* ;>> ? >> f (@
. C* ; 1 
: z = 2i "# # g  
# (
z2 + 4 ( z − 2i )( z + 2i )
lim g ( z ) = lim = lim = 4i ≠ g (2i )
z → 2i z →2i z − 2i z → 2i ( z − 2i )
. z = 2i #   
9 g P#
: '  0 & "
'3 – 1

' –
 – 8
z −1
f ( z) =
z +1
^∞ # 0 & '
f 1% 1: 1R
'

: &
>% # 0 &7 7
F '3 / =0 &7 1
'3 1
' "3 8 f : ;@ "


. z = (−1,0)   "#
: "
#, "


x + iy − 1 x 2 + y 2 − 1 2 y −1
u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) = f ( z ) = = 2 2
+i
x + iy + 1 ( x + 1) + y ( x + 1) 2 + y 2
2 y −1 x2 + y 2 −1
>& 1>
v( x, y ) =  u ( x , y ) = 1@ 2#
( x + 1) 2 + y 2 ( x + 1) 2 + y 2
. z = (−1,0)   "# % # 14.2.1 "
$#
. G = C \ {−1} ; 0 & '
f 1O  '

36
   
  
   


: # (∞) "# "'#'

z −1 1 1− z
# 0 & '
f ( z ) = 1O (0) # 0 & '
f ( ) = 1@ '
z +1 z z +1
.(∞)

37
   
  
   


"

  ' 
:  – 1.3
;
= (G ⊆ )G " . " ; 0 & '
f ' % ;

.(G ; 
 8 @) G ; ?

 ?'
. H (G ) G' G ; "

  '  " G#
.G - . ; 0 & '
f ⇔ f ∈ H (G ) : 1@ @
.C ; 
 f (z ) = z + 2 : 
z +2
 \ {1} ; 
 g (z ) = 
z −1

:  – 2.3
>> ; >?

 f 1>% (⇔) : z 0 "# # 
 f 1@ #
. z 0 >

:  ! – 3.3
. f ; g ∈ H (G ) 1% :
f
?

 g 1%
  # # g (z ) ≠ 0 ) ∈ H (G )  f ± g ∈ H (G ) 1O
g
. f ⋅ g ∈ H (G )  (8#
. f (G ) ⊆ G1  g ∈ H (G1 )  f ∈ H (G ) 1% :
. gof ∈ H (G ) 1O

38
   
  
   


:  ! – 4.3

.G ; .  17'
u,v (1
.G ; 1  1
 – &%   (2 ⇔ f = u + iv ∈ H (G )

. 1 - . SG G (3

.  u x , u y , v x , v y
G - . ; ⇔ f = u + iv ∈ H (G ) @
u x = v y ; u y = −v x 

u 1> >% 1
R @ ;: RX
?

 f = u + iv 1% 1@ R   # : !
.?



 f 1
R O ?
 

 v @ u 1% :  ' .  v 

:  – 5.3
1

 f ( ) 1% (⇔) : z = ∞ ' 
 f ( z ) 1@ #
z
. z = 0 '

: :!  – 6.3
1
# % 4 1% (⇔) : '  P#@ (G ⊆ C)G SG 1 #
.G ) P%' 
 z2 >' z1 E
 ) 
G 1 z1 , z2
T>
' G2  G1 1

>) >
9 1
+G ;: 8& 1%
 G 1@ @
. G1 ∪ G2 = G  G1 ∩ G2 = φ
."'  " . A#% (⇔) : "# G ; 

39
   
  
   


:  ! – 7.3
.  "# G 1% 
: 1% : +#
f ∈ H (G )
.G ; A', f (⇐) 1O : "#$
f ' (z) = 0 ∀ z ∈ G
. 0 = f ' ( z ) = u x ( x, y ) + iv x ( x, y ) 1: 
 f = u + iv
'
' h T
 u ( x, y ) = h( y )  ' . vx ( x, y ) = 0  u x ( x, y ) = 0 P#
.0 &
0 = −v x ( x, y ) = u y ( x, y ) = h' ( y ) # 1
 – &%   1
. u ( x, y ) = c 1: .A', h( y ) = c # P#
.A', f 1O  ' A', v( x, y ) = c1 1@ # "

.#'

:  – 8.3
r Q>3 >E# z0 QG%  . E3 D( z0 , r ) " #
: (r ≥ 0)
z
D ( z 0 , r ) = {z ∈ C : z − z 0 < r } z0
r

.FZ ?E3 D (z 0 , r ) = {z ∈ C : z − z 0 ≤ r } ;


> > . E3 D (z 0 , r ) \ {z 0 } = {z ∈ C : 0 < z − z 0 < r } ;

. z0 G%
( 
 ;  / z − z0 = r : & 0   z # @
.r 83 E# z0 8G% + ; @ D( z0 , r )

40
   
  
   


: 1
' % 1
' 0 
0 ≤ t ≤ 2π ; z = z0 + r eit  z − z0 = r

.r 83 E# z0 8G% + 

 ; 
z 1@ # /# %


z 1@ # z − z0 > r "' % @
r
z . D (z 0 , r ) ( N)  ' + N)
z0
.( ) 
z 1@ # z − z 0 < r 
@ z = 1 ;   (3 D(0,1) ;
r = 1  z0 = 0 1% :
. + 0 ≤ t ≤ 2π ; z = eit

: ;< 55 &  # – 9.3

>/' >3 >E# ="'  23 " ∑ an ( z − z 0 ) n A#% :
n≥ 0

"> 1> ">

) "# % # =" Q/ 1%
+# = (0 ≤ R < +∞) R
f 0>
' ; %8 E# f ( z ) >' P G# #
  = D( z0 , R) /'
: >' 
f : D (z 0 , R ) 
→C
→ f ( z ) = ∑ an ( z − z 0 ) n
z 
n ≥0

1@ ># % = ∑ an ( z − z0 ) n 23 "' , f '  1@ +# #

n≥ 0

.f ' ' ", =Q8 2 "

41
   
  
   


:  ! – 10.3
>3 E# "'  ∑ an ( z − z 0 ) n 23 "' 7
F , ' f 1% :
n≥ 0

: #
 +# .R /'
1> P >& ;>
 ="'  @ 1 0 & '
f  f ∈ H (D( z0 , R) ) = 1
: >' k "' 
f (k )
(z ) = ∑ n (n − 1)(n − 2)
(n − k + 1) an (z − z 0 )n −k
n ≥k
(n )
f (z 0 )
. an = : >' ,4 ; 
n!
.?
 1%
23 "' f
, – 2
. a n = bn 1O ∑ bn ( z − z0 ) n : >' ∑ an ( z − z 0 ) n : >' 7, f 1% : @
n≥ 0 n≥ 0

:  ! – 11.3
1
 . ; 1
  1
' g : Ω 
→ C  f : G 
→ C 1%

:  f (G ) ⊂ Ω T
' =Ω  G
∀ z ∈ G : g ( f ( z)) = z
: #
 ?
@ 0 & '
f 1O g' ( z ) ≠ 0 1% 0 & g '3 : +#
1
f ' ( z) =
g' ( f ( z ) )
: "#$
. h ≠ 0 T
' z0 + h ∈ G  z0 ∈ G 1%

: 1O g ( f ( z0 + h) ) = z0 + h  g ( f (z 0 ) ) = z 0 1@ '
f ( z0 ) ≠ f ( z0 + h)

42
   
  
   


>#
>8 g ( f ( z0 + h) ) = g ( f ( z0 ) ) 1% f (z 0 ) = f (z 0 + h ) 1%  P#4
.K. K3#
h = 0 @ z0 + h = z0
: 1O   f T
 f ( z0 + h) − f ( z0 ) ≠ 0 1:
f ( z0 + h) 
→ f ( z0 )
h → 0
:  '
g ( f ( z 0 + h) ) − g ( f ( z 0 ) ) g ( f ( z 0 + h ) ) − g ( f ( z 0 ) ) f ( z 0 + h) − f ( z 0 )
1= = ⋅
h f ( z0 + h) − f ( z0 ) h
f ( z 0 + h) − f ( z 0 ) 1
⇒ =
h  g ( f ( z 0 + h) ) − g ( f ( z 0 ) ) 
 
 f ( z 0 + h) − f ( z 0 ) 

→ 0 
=K. 
: 1@ # h 
1
f ' (z 0 ) =
g' ( f (z 0 ) )

: 5 # – 12.3

2 "' = z ∈ C % @ 1 P # = e z G' 4 '  G#
z n+1 n! zn
"  3 E# 1O lim ⋅ n = 0 < 1 T
 e z = ∑ :
n→ +∞ (n + 1)! z n ≥0 n!

@ = >% > 
 e z , '  1O 3.2.2 "
$#  = R = +∞
. e z ∈ H (C )
: >' k "'  1 0 & ;

1 n−k
(e z ) ( k ) = ∑ n(n − 1)
(n − k + 1) z
n≥ k n!
1 (k + 1)! 1 (k + 2)! 1
= k! + z+ ⋅ z2 +

k! 1! (k + 1)! 2! (k + 2)!
1 1
=1 + z + z 2 +
= e z
1! 2!
43
   
  
   


. (e z ) ( k ) = e z @
.R  PE) P'& ()'  4 '   

e z1 e z2 = e z1 + z2 : 1@ – 7
F , – %#
z 1 = z 2 ⇒ e z1 = e z 2

. 0 ≠ 2πi 1% eoi = e 2πi 14

e z1 = e z 2 ⇒ z1 = z 2 + 2kπi ; k ∈ Z

: 
    – 13.3
: 2  ' U z ∈ C @ 1 cos z  sin z R #
z 2n z 2 n+1
cos z = ∑ (−1) n ; sin z = ∑ (−1) n
n ≥0 (2n)! n≥ 0 (2n + 1)!

">
$# > . R = +∞ /# %  3 E# 1 '  1 
cos z ∈ H (C)  sin z ∈ H (C) 1O 3.2.2
z 2 n −1 z 2 m +1
(cos z )' = ∑ 2n (−1)n = ∑ (−1)m +1 = sin z 
n ≥1 (2n )! m ≥0 (2m + 1)!

: !
: z ∈ C @ 1 #

(iz ) n
e =∑
iz

n≥ 0 n!
(iz ) 2 n (iz ) 2 n +1
=∑ +∑
n≥ 0 (2n)! n≥0 (2n + 1)!
2 n +1
z 2n n z
= ∑ (−1) + i ∑ (−1)
n

n≥ 0 (2n)! n≥0 (2n + 1)!

: 1O "'  7 % 1@ T


44
   
  
   


eiz = cos z + i sin z

: 1@ #  ' e −iz = cos z − i sin z : 1@ # "


.#'

e iz + e −iz e iz − e −iz
(*)... cos z = ; sin z =
2 2i
sin z cos z
tg z = ; cot g z =
cos z sin z
. e z @ e iz '  () 1 "
,, '  () N #  1%
P

: # (∗)   &' ' #
 ?
@
cos ( z1 ± z 2 ) = cos z1 cos z2 ∓ sin z1 sin z2
sin ( z1 ± z 2 ) = sin z1 cos z 2 ± sin z 2 cos z1

: # H% (∗) 1

cos 2 z + sin 2 z = 1
: ?
)@

z 1 = z 2 + 2k π @
sin z 1 = sin z 2 ⇔ 
 1
z = (2 k + 1) π − z 2

: 
 :  – 14.3
ch >+G @ >   = sh +G @  
 #
: 2  '
z 2n z 2 n+1
chz = ∑ ; shz = ∑
n≥ 0 ( 2n )! n≥ 0 ( 2n + 1)!

:1O 3.2.2 "

$#   ' (R = +∞) C %  1
'  1

chz ∈ H (C) ; shz ∈ H (C)


45
   
  
   


z 2 n −1
(chz )' = ∑ =shz
n ≥1 (2 n − 1)!

: 1@ 2# sin z  cos z 

  '
(iz ) 2 n z 2n
cos iz = ∑ (−1) n = ∑ (−1) 2 n = chz
n≥ 0 (2n)! n≥0 (2n)!
: # "

.#'
sin iz = ish z
1> shz  chz (>) * # # P
 shz = −i sin iz  chz = cos iz 1:
. e iz () 1  ' sin z  cos z ()
: 1@ 2#
i ( iz ) − i (iz ) z −z
e +e e +e
chz = cos iz = =
2 2
− i (iz )
e i (iz )
−e e z − e− z
shz = −i sin iz = −i =
2i 2
z −z z −z
e +e e −e
chz = ; shz = @
2 2
: 1@ * # # 1

)4 1
' 1
8 1
chz + shz = e z
ch( z1 + z 2 ) = ch z1 ch z 2 + sh z1 sh z 2
sh( z1 + z 2 ) = sh z1 ch z 2 + sh z 2 ch z1
: &#
:  %# cos z = 10 : " 
10 = cos z = cos( x + iy ) = cos x cos iy − sin x sin iy
= cos x ch y − i sin x sh y
: 1
 "'' P#

46
   
  
   


cos x ch y = 10

(1)

sin x sh y = 0

(2)
y = 0 @ (k ∈ Z) x = kπ P# sh y = 0 @ sin x = 0 # (2) " '
: # (1) "  K
 '
1>% >
9 8 cos x = 10 ⇐ cos x ch y = 10 1O y = 0 @ 1
. x ∈ R 1% − 1 ≤ cos x ≤ 1 14
. (−1) k ch y = 10 ⇐ cos x ch y = 10 :1O x = k π 1% :
8 ch y = −10 ⇐ − ch y = 10 1O k = 2m + 1 @ 
 k 1% O
. y ∈ R 1% ch y > 0 14 1% 
9
y −y
e +e
P# = 10 ⇐ ch y = 10 1O> k = 2m @ 
G k 1% :
2
: 8 z m 1%  " 0   z 
3 1%  y = log(10 ± 99 )
z m = x + iy = kπ + i log(10 ± 99 )
= 2mπ + i log(10 ± 99 ) ; m ∈ Z
.P # 
9   1@ $
:  2)@ "
 H#8
e iz + e −iz
cos z = 10 ⇔ = 10 ⇔ e 2iz − 20e − z + 1 = 0
2
: P#
eiz = 10 ± 99
: 1O eiz = eiz + 2 kπi T

iz + 2k πi = log(10 ± 99)
: P#
z k = 2k' π − i log(10 ± 99) ; k' ∈ Z

47
   
  
   


7 z 1% : P#4 ."'  "   8 =P # 

9  
.7 z 1O

: (3 1') 3 1

  – 15.3
: ? ? :#! •

T>
 = z ∈ D(α , r )  = α ∈ C 1%
> =
> ' w = f (z ) 1%


>%)  Q ' α  z A O .# %&' Q
) 1%
r > 0

>.# ;>: z > ># 
 "
3 f '  )@ ="%  (" 
f )@ : .f '  M. "# α "# +# # =P# @'  4 
.f '>  > 
> Q8 # Uα  z > A  ' 
 
3 
.f > 
+ M.' ;4  M ;

>E#'   3 .%
P#O ="
3 
 =
   ' # %
>
/> ) 1>% Q>  @ )V
 M.  "# 1 @'
+/#  
 
@ x'ox 1

,>< 1
> >4 ?
G 8 
  E# )@ 1 

# 3 H' 1%# =   P% S#,@ =?'@ P' z > D#  ( y'oy
.
   '  M 1 ? 
."
3 
 ' Q' ' M. 8 " +# ##%

y
. w = f ( z ) = z : >' F  f '  1%
 : &#
arg z = θ 0  z = r 1@ "
'  K.#
z : 0  %&  %
θ0 z = z eiθ 0 = r eiθ 0 1%
+#
x
o θ0
i
w = f ( z) = r e 2 1%

 α = 0  z > "%  '

48
   
  
   


z = r eiθ 0 + 2πi  ' arg z = θ 0 + 2π #

' z = r 1O> 
.# ;:
: P#
θ 0 + 2π
i( )
w = f (z ) = r e 2

θ0 θ0
i i
πi
= re 2 e =− re 2

z 1 '' 8 =z 
.# # ;4 "


.# )V
 f 1:
."%  α = 0 
1
> P> '  w = f ( z ) = z '  M. "# 8 α = 0 1:
θ0 θ0
i i

 > E#'   ' #3 O . f1 ( z ) = r e 2 ; f2 ( z) = − r e 2

+# ='@ P' z > D#  = α = 0 M.  "# 1 @'

 – 7, B ox
">
3 
 f D'E
.
Z  f "
3  ' 2π 
 1@ /#%
 arg z 1O
. G = C \ {[0, + ∞[} ; 
 
y :  #$   – 16.3
z
=' 
Z "% ' # ;  =/ 1
θ0 '  8 1 '# 1@ =
G 
Z #
x
o .,, %&'

:  ! – 17.3
. w = f ( z ) = z '  
 M.  "# 8 α = 0 1:
: "#$
>8 α = 0 1@ A',< =M. "# α = 0 1@ 0' ,  #
' 
1@ 1%
 β ≠ 0  β ∈ C 2)@ "# @ 1@ A',: .%
=
 M.  "#

>.# ;>:  "%  β  z 1 1@ @ .f '  M. "# 1%
.f '  "
3 1 
Z
 = 4 
49
 
y  
  
   


(0  %&) β ≠ 0 1: ' #

. arg z = θ1  z = r 1% 
β 
, "%  β  z 
#
z arg z 1O = 4 
.# ;:
θ1
o
x "
/#   (# , G , (#
.
 1 arg z = θ1 D'E
.
Z  f "
3  ' =Q' β  z 1 '3 arg z = θ1  z = r 1@ @

: ! – 18.3
'>  >
 M>.  ># 1O> =z >  
,% g (z ) 1% :
. g ( z ) = 0 0   # 8 f ( z ) = n g ( z )
. z = ±i M.  # P f ( z ) = z 2 + 1 : 
. z = −1  z = 2 M.  # P h( z ) = 5 ( z + 1)( z − 2)

:  #$   – 19.3
G 1 R '  ^f '   @ M. "# 8 8 = α ∈ C "# ; %
1_>' β  α 1
#  z  : P#4 ./ z 1 S#,@ #   α
.M. "# 8 /# @ ; % 
 # 7 =f '  "
3 A
Z  =
: &#
β
α w = f ( z ) = z 2 + 1 1%

z z 2 + 1 = 0 ⇒ z 2 = −1 = e π i + 2 k π i
2 k +1
πi ( )
⇒ zk =e 2 ; k ∈ {0,1}
: P#
i : G K
πi + 2 kπi
zk = e 2 =
− i :  K
50
   
  
   


">' % z 2 + 1 = ( z − i) ( z + i)  ' = z = ±i 8 M.   # 1:

E# 1@ 
 = z − i  z + i ;: N # ,, %&' z − i  z + i 1


y : ( %&  %) − i  i 1
# 1 %' z

r2
z z + i = r1 e i θ1 = z − i = r2 eiθ 2 : #
 1%

θ2 :  ' z 2 + 1 = r1r2 ei (θ +θ 1 2 )

: P#
i θ1 +θ 2
r1 2
i( )
f (z ) = z + 1 = r1r2 e 2

x
o .   z 1 '3 8
θ1
−i : A T7, @ 1%# +#
' = − i 1 i  "%  z # = N1 (i)   i "# G# (9
>>#
' arg( z + i) = θ1 : 1O>> 4 >>
>>.# ;>>: z >>
y : 1O P# arg( z − i) = θ 2 + 2π
θ1 +θ 2 + 2π θ1 +θ 2
z i( ) i( )
f (z ) = r1r2 e 2 = − r1r2 e 2
i θ2

x α = i  ' A
Z f "
3
o
− i θ1 : ( %& $#@) f '  M. "# 8
 β = −i  z  : (
: 1O 
.# ;:  = i 1 "%
y
:  ' arg( z + i ) = θ1 + 2π #
' arg( z − i) = θ 2
z
θ1 +θ 2 + 2π θ1 +θ 2
i θ2 i( ) i( )
f (z ) = r1r2 e 2 = − r1r2 e 2

o x .( %&) f > M. "# β = −i 1O  '

− i θ1 = ± i 1
# 1 % G#  : (@
z  = / "%  z #

51
   
  
   


: 1O 4 
.# ;:

y
z arg( z + i ) = θ1 + 2π ; arg( z − i ) = θ 2 + 2π
i θ2 : 1O  '
x θ1 +θ 2 + 4π θ1 +θ 2
o i( ) i( )
− i θ1 f (z ) = r1r2 e 2 = r1r2 e 2

.z 1 '3 /# 

Z  f "
3 1@ @
.M. # P

 1@ @ ="
3 
 f 1@ #
 8
>
>/G  14   =/ z 1 '3 "# G 1O 1:
."Z /' "':

:  #A # – 20.3

= R > Q#  % =8$ %& T
 1  9 '  

'>' ?>
'%  7 ) H#8 =1 T
 1 1% =4 '  % ' %
: P#4 =  4 '  "


∀ z ∈ C : e z = e z + 2 k πi
. z ,w ∈ C 1%
 : 
. z = e w 1% (⇔) : w = log z  %# z > 
'  9 w #
.0
 0 = e w 14 (0) .E  
'  9 
 P#@ $7#

3 ) "

' A 9 1 P # 
9  P z ≠ 0  % 1O  '
: 14 (k
log z = log z + iθ + 2kπi ⇔ z = z eiθ + 2 kπi ; k ∈ Z

.(k 
3 ) 
   ' 8  9 '  P


:  ! – 21.3

52
   
  
   


. α = 0 
 M. "# P w = log z ' 

53
   
  
   


>+# = α = 0 > z 1 >'3 z = z eiθ ; arg z = θ1 1%

 : "#$
1

y . w = log z = log z + iθ1

z α = 0  z > "%  '
r
θ1 D'E

.# ;: 
x
o z = z eiθ1 + 2πi : P# arg z = θ1 + 2π
. w = log z = log z + iθ1 + 2πi :  '
>> M>>. "># >8 α = 0 1: . w = log z ">
3 
Z $7#
.17.3  # % 
 8 . w = log z

: ! – 22.3
> 
,% 8 h(z ) T
 w = log h( z ) '  M.  # 1@ * # #
. h( z ) = 0 0   z # 8 =z 
Z  
z −1
: 14 ± 1 8 M.  # P w = log( ) :
. 
z +1
w = log( z − 1) − log( z + 1)

: ! – 23.3
=>4 '>  >% '  8  9 '  1% ;  '
. z 2 ∈ C*  z 1 ∈ C* 4 : #
 P#O =4 '  () 
log(z 1z 2 ) = log(z 1 ) + log(z 2 )
z1
log( ) = log(z 1 ) − log(z 2 ) ; log(z 1k ) = k log z 1
z2
: 1% : P#4
z1 = e w1 ⇔ w1 = log z1
z 2 = e w2 ⇔ w2 = log z 2

54
   
  
   


z1 z 2 = e w1 ⋅ e w2 = e w1 + w2
⇒ log( z1 z 2 ) = w1 + w2 = log( z1 ) + log( z 2 )

: #
 P#
z1 z
log z 1 = log(z 2 ⋅ ) = log(z 2 ) + log( 1 )
z2 z2

:  '
z1
log( ) = log(z 1 ) − log(z 2 )
z2
: #
 H%
log(z 1k ) = log (z 1.z 1 … z 1 )



 k
= log z1 + log z1 +
+ log z1
= k log z1

: w = logz #  5

– 24.3
: 1

  1
%& ' # u + iv = w = log z ' #
y v

π
L u0
x o u
o

–π
w
z=e w = log z
z %5  w %5 

55
   
  
   


A
 > ' H = 2π /# % K +& ;: w   #
− π ≤ v ≤ π
=>4 
>& 8  : 
& ' # = ou  "
G
− ∞ < u < +∞
. 2kπ " O' P# * #
)J 
& % 14
."&4 "
'  
Z  P 
3 1O  z = e w '  T

/
 ( %& $#@) L " )V# : z = e w # 7 5#5 :( 12
− π ≤ v ≤ π
: 8 / E  ' 
u = u0
z = e w = e u +iv = e u 0 ⋅ e iv
83 E# (o) 8G% + 8 L E  ' . z = eu P# 0

v = π

 "  E  '  /
 L > 
 "  1@ T
 . R = eu0
u = u 0

: 8
z = e u 0 ⋅ e iπ = − e u 0
v = −π
. : /
 L > ;. " 
u = u0
: 8 / E  '
z = eu0 ⋅ e −πi = −eu0
> ;> 1  1'# =L > ;. "  
 "   E 1@ @
. 

1O> u0 → +∞  P#O 4 
& D  H L " '
. z = −eu → −∞
0

4 
& D L  P#@ @ z = −eu → 0 1O u0 → −∞ 
0

.7% z   D (+ 8) L E 1O w   

56
   
  
   


 ; 1
'# 
& ;. "  
 "   E 1% 
.P%  

>
 "  E /#4  %&'  8 # /$  '
. 1_' ;. "  E
@ => >
  ; ". 
3 )V
 w = log z 1:
>  '> % w = log z '  /$ ' 8 8 ...1 & 1 
3 P /$
">
3 >
 D'>E
w = log z '>  1O ]− ∞, 0]   #  O .

. G = C \ {]−∞, 0]} ; 
 
: P#O 11.3 "
$# 
1 1 1 1
∀ z ∈ G : (log z )' = = = =
(e w )' e w elog z z
P>  >
  1@ # ]− π ,π ] 
+  #
)' :  
.π P
G @ = 
  ; '# 1%

>8 P  
  1O = ]0, 2π ] 8 
+  # ) 
.%8 ...=2π P
G = 
  @ = [0, + ∞[

:  – 25.3
: # = α ∈ C  z ∈ C* % 4
zα = eα log z
: 1@ 
  8 1 $7#
z = z eiθ ⇒ log z = log z + iθ
⇒ α log z = α log z + iαθ
: P#
α log z +iαθ α
zα = eα log z = e = z eiαθ

57
   
  
   


.12.1.1  Q#3  8

. (1 + i)i :  : 
π
i + 2 kπi
: P# 1 + i = 2 e 4 #

 π  −π
i log 2 + i + 2 k π i  −2k π
i
(1 + i ) = e i log(1+i )
=e  4  =e 4 ⋅ e i log 2

: 3<

 #  < #5 ' – 26.3

">
8@ 2#>) .,, %&' " Q8  '  1 
'  1 ' 
.(A7%    8
. f (−3) = 2i T
' w = f ( z ) = − z 2 − z + 2 1%
 : 
"#' 

 Q ' Z 
## " (−3) 1 z A# :
. β = 1 "#' 

 α = −2
 >' >
 1 (−3) "# ;: z  # f (−3) "
3 V
."%
. β = 1  α = −2 8 f '  M.   # : &
> %# ;>  β  α 1
#>' z E#  − z 2 − z + 2 = (1 − z )( z + 2) 14
y
z "
 /  ,, %&' f (z )
r2
r1 .
3   f T
 .
 
θ2 θ1
x z − (−2) = z + 2 = r2 eiθ 2
-3 -2 1
z − 1 = r1 eiθ1
:  ' 1 − z = r1 eiθ +πi P#1

− z 2 − z + 2 = (1 − z )( z + 2) = r1r2 ei (θ1 +θ 2 +π + 2 kπ )
: 8 ,, %& ; f (z ) 1:

58
   
  
   

θ1 +θ 2 +π + 2 k π
i( )
(*)... f (z ) = r1r2 e 2 ; k ∈Z

k 1
>
 >
f (−3) = 2i + ' &  ' "37 Q8 1
; E  ' 
# D'E
 =+ ' & 0  M. 
  '
. M. H
: 1O (−3) ;: z E
#
θ1 = π ,θ 2 = π ; r1 = 1 − z = 1 + 3 = 4
r2 = z + 2 = − 3 + 2 = 1

: (∗)  #
 z = −3 #  '
3π + 2 k π
i( )
2i = f (−3) = 4 e 2 = −2i e k π i
. k = 1 )@ .%
 =
 k 1%
1@ 
P#
: 8 + ' & 0
 M. 1O  '
θ1 +θ 2 +π + 2π
i( )
f 1 (z ) = r1r2 e 2

1O  (−3) ;:  (1) 

 (−2)  "%  z  O
. arg(1 − z ) = π
># f1 M. 
 "
  ' r2 = 1  r1 = 4  arg( z + 2) = 3π #
'
: 8 (−3)
7π
i( )
f 1 (−3) = 2 e 2 = −2i

:  ! – 27.3
: n " 1 " %

59
   
  
   


(an ≠ 0) an z n + an −1z n −1 +
+ a1z + a0 = 0

.C  (?) 7 n '

60
   
  
   


 "# 

. f ( z ) = u ( x, y ) + iv( x, y ) 

 ' @ – 1
y
. f ( 2 ) = 0  v ( x, y ) = 2
: 1@ A :
z

: &
y
. C* ;   v( x, y ) = 1:
x + y2
2

  "
+G A & u  v > 1%
1@ 


 f 1%
; 
.1
 &%  ' '  1@ C* ;
: 
% u ( x, y ) 1
# 1
 &%   1 1:
2 xy
u y = −v x =
( x + y 2 )2
2

: 1@ # 
 x ' ' y > "'#' 1
 "%'
−x
u ( x, y ) = + h( x)
x + y2
2

.0 & '

Q )# y > "'#' h(x) A', T


: 1@ # "
#, 1
 &% " 1
x2 − y2 x2 − y 2
ux = vy ⇒ + h' ( x ) =
( x 2 + y 2 )2 ( x2 + y 2 )2
. h( x) = c 1O   h T
 h' ( x) = 0 P#
: 1%
%8
61
   
  
   


−x y −1
f ( z) = 2 2
+c+i 2 2
= +c
x +y x +y z
−1 1 1
. f ( z) = +  ' c = 1O f (2) = 0 T

z 2 2
: 1

' f ∈ H (C* ) 1@ ;: E#
.
 / C* ; 1


 1
' "3 1 ' f 1@ 8 ;4
;>   ;4 "'  1 "
+G A & / v  u 1 % 1@ 8 "
#,
.17. v  u  ' C*
. f ∈ H (C* )  ' 4.3 "
$# 1
v  u 1:
.

 f ( z ) = x + 3iy 2 '  1% 1:
@ – 2
u 0
1@ 


 f 1%
;  v( x, y ) = 3 y 2  u ( x, y ) = x #
 : &
: P# .4.3 "
$# v 
u x ( x, y ) = 1 ; u y ( x, y ) = 0
v x ( x, y ) = 0 ; v y ( x, y ) = 6 y
i
@ z = x + %& 1 z # % # 1 1
 &%   P#
6
y  i
. G = z ∈ C : z = x +  ;
 6
G 1
y = (3 % 14 " . A
 G 1%
6
x 2  1%
 G 1 "# QG%
G ; 0 & '
f 1O P
 .G 
.G ; 



 P#%

x
 x ∈ R*  1>>
 0> & >'
F > u ( x, y ) = F   1>%
 – 3
 y
. y ∈ R*

62
   
  
   


.P 
 SG% u( x , y ) '
f 

 ' @
@ =>
  u 1%
1@ 

 '  
? 
 S? G u ( x, y ) 1%
;  : &
. ∆u = u xx + u yy = 0 : 1@
1 x −x x
ux = F' ( ) ; u y = 2 F' ( )
y y y y
1 x x2 x 2x x
u xx = 2
F" ( ) ; u yy = 4
F" ( ) + 3 F' ( )
y y y y y y
x
: 1@ # t = ' P#
y
F" (t ) − 2t
= ⇒ F (t ) = c arctg t + k
F' (t ) 1 + t 2
x
. u ( x, y ) = c arctg + k P#
y
1>
 &%   1 u ( x, y ) 0 
 v( x, y ) 1
# 1@ 

.(4.3 1 @)
cy c
v y = ux = 2 2
⇒ v( x, y ) = log( x 2 + y 2 ) + g ( x)
x +y 2
: H% .0 & '
Q )# =y > "'#' g (x) A', T

−cx −cx
2 2
= u y = −v x = 2 + g ' ( x)
x +y x + y2
v  u 1@ >#  ' .A', g ( x) = c1 1O   g T
 g ' ( x) = 0 P#
: 8  
  '  P# 4.3 "
$# 1

x c
f ( z ) = c arctg + k + i log( x 2 + y 2 ) + i c1
y 2
: 1
  – 4
e z = i ; chz = 4
.?

 sin z    z 
3 1
 ,

63
   
  
   


: &
π
i + 2 kπi
.e = i = e2
z
1O e z = i " "'#' •
π
. z k = ( + 2k π ) i ; k ∈ Z : 8  P#
2
: 1 
 H#8 chz = 4 " "'#' •
e z + e− z
. 4 = chz =  %# : ;4 "

2
( )
. z k = log 4 ± 15 − 2k πi ; k ∈ Z 8  " P#
:  %# : "
#, "

4 = chz = ch ( x + iy ) = chx chiy + sh x shiy
= cos y chx + i sin y sh x
: P#
cos y chx = 4

sin y shx = 0
1@ # "
#, "  K
  sin y sh x = 0 " '
: 8  "
( )
z k = log 4 ± 15 + 2kπi ; k ∈ Z
:  %# =?

 sin z    z 
3 1

  •
sin z = sin(x + iy ) = sin x cos iy + sin iy cos x
= sin x chy + i cos x shy
: P#
cos x = 0
sin Z ∈ R ⇔ cos x sh y = 0 ⇔  @
 sh y = 0
π
. y = 0 @ x = + k π 1:
2
: 8 z 
3 1:

64
   
  
   


π
k ∈ Z T
 z = x @ z = + k π + iy
2
: 1@ 18' – 5
. D(0,1)  
 f ( z ) = ∑ (−1) n z n +1
n≥ 0

> f ∈ H (D(0,1) ) 1O z < 1 @ 1 "'  2 " 1@ ' : &

.10.3
. f ∈ H (G )  "# G 1%  – 6
{
. Ω = z ∈ C : z ∈G 1%  }
. g (z ) = f (z ) : >' g : Ω 
→ C #
. g ∈ H (Ω ) 1@ 18'
: P# z + h ∈ Ω  z ∈ Ω +# z + h ∈ G  z ∈ G 1%  : &

g (z + h ) − g (z ) f (z + h ) − f (z )
lim = lim
h →0 h h →0 h
 f (z + h ) − f (z ) 
= lim   = f ' (z )
h →0
 h 
> = Ω - . ; 0 & '
g P# =0 & '
/ 
 f 14
. g ∈ H (Ω ) 1O 1.3
: 8 w = arctg z >' P G#  z = tg w "   1@ 1R
' – 7
1 1 + iz
w = arctg z = log( )
2i 1 − iz

: &

65
   
  
   


eiw − e −iw
z = tg w = −i ⇔
eiw + e −iw
i − z 1 + iz
(i + z )eiw = (i − z )e −iw ⇔ e 2iw = =
i + z 1 − iz
: P#
1 + iz
2iw = log( )
1 − iz
1 1 + iz
w = arctg z = log( )
2i 1 − iz
./ @ ∑ n2 z n 
@ – 8
n≥1

(n + 1) 2 z n +1
> @ . z < 1 > ">'  "  ' lim = z : &
n→ +∞ n2 z n
. D(0,1)
. D(0,1)  @ z < 1  "'  ∑ zn #

n≥0
1
>) "'  @ 1 0 & '
2 " , '  = ∑ zn 
1 − z n ≥0
.(10.3
: 1@ # 1
 0 &' 1:
1 2
2
= ∑ n z n −1 ; 3
= ∑ n (n − 1) z n− 2
(1 − z ) n≥1 (1 − z ) n≥2

: P#
z2
3
= ∑ n 2 z n − z ∑ n z n−1
(1 − z ) n≥2 n≥2

− z 3 + 3z 2 − 1
. ∑ n2 z n =  '
n ≥1 ( z − 1) 2

66
   
  
   


. f (0) = 4  f ( z ) = (4 − z )( z 2 + 4) 1%
 – 9
 
 (0) 1 0#
1
` # ' 6  E z 1@ A : f (6) @
. 6 E
   1 4 '
0>> >>  >8 M>. ># T7>, P> >
3   f '  : &B
1> R >'  f '   "
3 "  . z = ±2i  z = 4 ⇐ (4 − z )( z 2 + 4) = 0
.
G 
Z  '  
3 
Z "'3 ##%
;  ,, %&' P ' %
.( %&  %) M.  #' z E#    "# z ' # 
y z : 
  %# 1@ ##%
+#
r2
z − 4 = r0 ei θ 0 + 2 k0πi
θ2 r0
2i : P#
r1
θ0 4 − z = r0 ei θ 0 +πi + 2 k0πi
x
4 6 z − 2i = r2 ei θ 2 + 2 k2πi
θ1
− 2i z + 2i = z − (−2i ) = r1 ei θ1 + 2 k1πi
. (4 − z )( z 2 + 4) = r0 r1r2 ei (θ θ θ
0 + 1+ 2 + π + 2 kπ )
: 1%

. k = k0 + k1 + k 2 ∈ Z T

(θ 0 +θ1 +θ 2 +π + 2 k π )
i
(*) ... f (z ) = r0 r1r2 e 2

z ># P>
 .4 8 f (z ) "
3 1O z = 0  P#@ #
f (0) = 4 &
: ( %& $#@) 1O (0) E

r0 = z − 4 = 0 − 4 = 4 ; θ 0 = π
π
r1 = z + 2i = 0 + 2i = 2 ; θ1 =
2
−π
r2 = z − 2i = 0 − 2i = 2 ; θ 2 =
2
: # (∗) '  
 Q8 K
 '

67
   
  
   

π π
(π + − +π + 2 kπ )
i 2 2
4 = f (0) = 16 e 2 = 4 eiπ ( k +1)
k + 1 > "
G 
 % .
G ? k + 1 1%
1@ 
P#
. k + 1 = 0 "
3 '@ )V#  =9 0
. k = −1 8 "' k "
3 1O P#
> 0  M. 8 f (0) = 4 & 0
 f (z ) '  M 1:
(θ 0 +θ1 +θ 2 −π )
i
 z a'
# . f1 ( z ) = r0 r1r2 e 2 : 1O = f1 1>%
 = k = −1
z >E
# T
' =
G 4  
Z T
P#O 4 '' ? 6
: 1O 6 

r0 = z − 4 = 6 − 4 = 2 ; θ0 = 0
r1 = z + 2i = 6 + 2i = 40 ; θ1 = α /  "
G α
r2 = z − 2i = 6 − 2i = 40 ; θ 2 = −α
y
: f1 (6) "
3 8 f (6) @ 6 # f (z ) "
3 1O  '
−π
2i i
-α f 1 (6) = 2 ⋅ 40 e 2 = −i 80

o 4 6 x

− 2i α

68