»l opyumm< eo Eaxoscko orp Aoopu Monoss Bunpocers 3a taka Hapeyenutb ,rppyn“ Bb Enxoscko He e CaMO MBCTEHS, TOM e€ MO-cKOpO HaUMOHaNeHb BENpOcs, TECHO ceyp3at Cb etHorpadckuT rpanuua Ha OparapcKna Hapon> Kpai Hero ue 64 TpbGBano a MMHaBaTb Cb 3aTBOPeHH O4H TO- He OHMS, KOTO THPCATS NPHYHHATS, MopagH KOHTO MHOTO 2KH3- HeHMATb MW MAOROBUTS ObsrapckU Hapose BbYHO pacte H BBYHO He mopacta. YactHo 3a Enxoscko, o6aye, Toa BLMpOC’ HMa HX MasIKO NO- oco6eHo sHaeHne. CE3qafeHb H3KYCTBEHO, TbPUNSMbTd Ce npe- BBpHa Bb Nerevfa, KOTO Beye HeceTHnbrus TOpMO3H pasBuTHe- To Ha To” Kpait. Ha Hea nekomMcaeHo ce NOnAAMOXxa DOPH HHak’D CepHO3HM Xopa, 3a Ma CTHrHeMD AO TAM, Ye ce ONHTAXA nase u Jo6pononckata katactpotba na obacHaTb cb cnadoTo Obarap- CKO HauMOHANHO CB3HaHve Ha enxuBuH. Ha cmuata nereupa 10 rombma cTeneHb ce AbmKH, rmeTO HalatTa NOKpalivMHa, eEGHa OTb Haii-6oratuTb pb scbko oTHouenne 4 Haii-3ana3éHo Spnrapcra, © Taka W30CTaBeHa M 3aHeMapeHa HM M0 MeHb MHELIEHD, Bt ncropuko-apxeonormyecko oTHOWeHHe EnxOBCKO € Olle HeNOKMTHaTa WbAWHa, ako M Aa KpHe Bb cebe cH cneAuTb Ha 6es6poit chGutua, KoMTO npesb BbKOBeTS CK NOcTaBANH Bb AQ TMP CeBePb Cb iora MW M3TOKb Cb 3anaga. Bb HapOMHOCTHO OT- HOWeEHHE TO € eMHa NBCTpa Mo3anKka OT MpecenHHL OT pas- HW Obnrapcku nOKpaiHMHM: TPOHKM, PYNUM, 3AarOpuH, 1OXKHO TPa- kuiiyH, Won, Sanasunu Hu AO pAHeCh THNHYHHTS cH 6uTOBH ocoSenocru. 3a tos kpaii mpesb Bpeme Ha rombMata eTHO- rpapcka ekckypsHa npesb apryct> 1936 r., u3BeCTHHITS Mpo- ecopb no cnapsucra dunonorua npu Kaposia yHHBepcH- tetb Bb Mpara — Matnacp Mypxo 6buie Kazanb? »Bouu- KO xy6aBo, ana npemMHoro HH MaBate, Ta He CMe Bb CbCTOAHHE Bb TOBA KPaTKO BpeMe BCHYKO ga MOHECeM Cb ceGe cH. Koe no-Hanpem na rnenamel* Ho tos cmumaTE Kpaii cb Crpanmka YCTPOH EAHO CepHOsHO 3aMHCHEHO BHICTAHHE Bb HatanoTo Ha 19 TH BbKb, Npenu TepHosckoro H BuquHcKoTo, kOeTO, OGaue, HM 10 cera ucropaunT6 jopu He cm oTOenazamH, BEMpbKH moGonuT- Huth My BpE3kn cp CpbaHoropcKoTo Bb3CTaHHe H BMPbKH OCO- Gent ycnoBis, np KOHTO TO 6b MOprOTBeHO.| 1 Doopn Nonose Ha toa Kpaii ceanen cue bie u Rapagyxara, 3aujoTo noxpaliuunata Papna-ropa') ro OTKEpMM, cnesb KaTO UbM noKombuns ceGupa cunu, 3a ya ornbe ayxa my Teit Buyumren- Ay Ho ron. Ho Tol Oune oTHerb oT ponuata cH malixa, 3a na | 6x%ne pagen> Karo moBegenuK> na [lo6pyaxa, xosTo u Ge3b Toga octa MHOro Gbuie B3emana OT’ Crpangxa. [loGosxa ce, cbkauib, ye Malikara ne e pocToliva 3a nereto cu HW WHECe CTe- dans Kapanxata He e Beye ,otbc. Hume, Ka3sbn- aramxo", aot rpaa» Tymua. Taxa ce nuure neve Bb KHMKEHTS 3a ObmrapckuTs geua. (— Tlpenw na Munem» Kem cxulHocTbta Ha BEnpoca, Tpb6Ba f | na kaKemMb, 4e gHeCh rppuu Bb Enxoscko nba. [lo cunata Ha i MapHuté norosopy, crapurds xKHTeAH Ha Taka HapexenHTs rpbu- i kM cena Bb Enxoscko 3amHHaxa 3a Bbaomopcka Tpakna cb no- i THEAb H3B_PHaTb Ha3afyb M Cb HECKpMBaHaTa HaperKga, ue Hb- Kora, Moke GH, Nakb Le Ce 3aBLPHaTb Bb pogMuata. Cera Tbx- | Hark mbcta cm 3aeta oTb Oparapn 6b»xanun oTb lOnxna Tpa- kaa. A Korato cTaBa Bbnpocb 3a .HbkorawHnTb rbpuw Tam, gQuemnata Enxoscxa agmunuctpatasua oKonna tpbGsa na 6xne pasnbneva Ha gee: 3anagua Yactb, crapata Kapaxniicka oxonns Ha 3anan> oT» TyHpska, HM3ToONHa, Crapata Ka3pnaraiKa OKONKA Ha W3TOKb OTb TyHpiKa. ! Kapaknniickuts rppun, Hapnyann, kaxto Mpeyer, 1a3Ba, yOTb CBOHTS CBCENH Cb H3BECTEHD YKOPb Kapuotu’, Hacenasaxa rpaga Kasaxauii (Tononosrpan,) u chceaHuTh Hey cena: Kosnyaxa (Optwunkd), Hyranoso, Canannnit (Cuxanoso), Uyxyposo (Uyxaposo), Dontmp 4 Manvxe-Monactups®). Benu- KH NpH3HalH NOKasBAaTb, Ye THA NOcenHilla, KakTO HW ubmaTa no- kpainuna ena nu ve no Uepuo mope, cm HOBOHACENeHH, Ye ce- rawHHtb “Mb OOHTaTenH He cm NOoTOMUM Ha cTapaTb mberan SRUTENH. Kapvorcrutb cenuma, nbkb 4 ubnata ora Yactb Ha Enxopcrua xpati, cm cnananu Hbkora RbMb OnpHHcKo, Ha rpa- Hiuata Merny Busantna wv Bpnrapna. Benenctane necTuxpauyn- TB 6op6u mexny pseTb cbceqRu, TYPCKOTO HallecTBHe cBapBa WW 1) Ppanauurt 11a Papua-ropa He ex o1e oCTaTRSHO NpoyseHH. Ho Th We We ce CbBNAaAHAT, Harnema, cs cnomenatoTo y Hpexexa (Metopux Ha Gvnrapurt, usa. 1929 r., crp. 7) mnockoropne mexay TyHma HW MopeTo, Koero pasgbnaa Crpaigixa ore Crapa-nnanuna. Bxmoverata mextay Crpansyxa Ha nator, HepaetrrckaTb Bbapauienid Ha tore, TyHama Ha 3anaqy 4 KapnoGaTcroto none Ha cesept o6NacTb, KOs TO MOWTH MOKpHBa nocoueHOTO y bamyo Helixopm amaneuwe Ha crpaliayati- | ckurb polimmuen rrasatapy BuiGenosunrs, Gbue aopH Hu cen Ocao6or- RenweTo npewmyuxectaeHo ropcKa OGsacth, 4HiTO TOpH pbskO ce paannva- Baxa Orb Crparigmatickurb, How xapaktepTb Ha THA TOpH HM TepeHbTb Ha OONACTbTa HANCTHHA KpUSTD Bb ceGe CH eleMeHTHi Ha MMeTO PaBHa-ropa. | 7) 3a na ce u36brie satpyateaveto np YeTeHeTO, O3HAYaBANb CLML : cenmuata ce crapH ume umeita, a Bb CkOGH Comb ipHOasane HoaHTs, no HEHE MOCTO HSNOKeHWe Ce OTHACA HSKAIOWNTENHO 3a EnNO BpemMe KoraTo TH Me Gbxa OMe npenmenyaain.»Uepautb" ae Enxoseio 5 Tor HbROTa NBNEHS Cb UBBTYUIN nocenwuja KPa nouTH nycrD. Cneunanio 3a o6nactpta Mexpy Onpune u AmGone, Ka3pa Hipe- Heb, »AMaMe H3PH4HO CBMAeTeENCTBO Bb xKMBOTONHCAa Ha TpH- ropva Cunanta orb 14 cronbrne. Be 1634 nycTuHH, orb ROM- TO Cb mamaHeto Ha Crapuré uapcetsa Beguara 6uno oTCTpaHeHoO 3NOTO OTb MOCTOAHHHTS NorpakHH4HN BOHM, ce 3acenunu typun*}), Vi yelictsuteno, onyctowenveTo ule ma e 6uno TonKoBa cTpalwHo, ue TyKb ce ry6st» Gese cmega He camo mbCTHOCTH, cenMuja M Fpagoze, a Kop u ubsau o6nacta rato Mapopus, Tei TbcHO cBBpsaHa cb uMeTo Ha Teogocua TppHosckn, Tla- Tpuapxb Etrumus M4 wallieTo MuMHanO OKONO Kpan Ha Bropoto Ovarapcko uaperBo. Hosur sacennuuv, typuntb cBapsatb 3e- Mata WO Takaba CTereHb JHLeHa OTD BCHYKH NpH3HauH Ha npe- AMWHHA A HKBOTD, Ye Ce BHHKAATD NpHiyAeHH ja KDbUJaBaTD OTHOBO Cb TYPCKH HMEHA BCHYKO: ropH, pbKu, cenuua, mbcrHO- CTH H Mp, KOHTO HMeHa fH QHeCb Ole crmLUecTByBaTb. He npa- BATb H3KIIOYEHHE Bb TOBA OTHOWEHHeE MH KAapHOTCKUTb cesH- wa. Kosnymxa, Kapaxnuit, Cunannuit, [Jyrayoso 3anasuxa no Kpait typekurb cH mera, penom» cy cEcesnuTd ancro 6nrap- cku cena: XacanGersnit (Harpbsp), EceSeranit (Mlyena), LWaxnuit (Kussxeso), Tatapxeolt (Koucrantunoso), Apananit (Uepnosems), YpymGernuit (Jlecoso) w ap. RKonxoro go HaMeHopaHuata Ha mbcTHOCTH, HW Bb _BeTb Tpyn TPSKOMAHCKM cena H306MNICTBYBATE YHCTO TYPCKH MMeHa, TYPckKH Cb GeNrapcuH OKOHSAHHA HH CcMbceHH TypcKO-OEnrap- ck, Kato: Kasmxurb, Yamypnu, Yenuu, Tepena, Kypts yeume, Kypyayxa nepe, Kanakau 6yHape, lOpta, Puyuneps, Yanaknn, flaanu tym6a, Asmar, Cunupt (Cupp?) nepe, Fopxa xopus, Metkosp a3makb, Kaiipauntb, Bexun konvOa u op. He nunceatb # ancro ObnrapckH uMeHa, Kato: Koxonnusa, Yepua Gapa, Jlo3ata, Kocra naka (nmxa?), Pyaecb (norbpyeHoTo cnapancKo pyna2), Baraxo, Auesuua, Jloopasa (nx6pasa?), Mpo- Gnme, Hrpers, Jona ropa, Kpywiaxa, Uyxa (cmuo UyKnen, Uysurb), Crapu nossa, Manapauua, Boxypp, Kynara 1 ap. ?) Jlio6onutTHO e, ye MOKaTO TypcKHTS nu ObmrapckH HaMMeHO- BaHHa o3HayagaTD Ubu MbetHOcTH, Kato: CbuEp aepe, Asmara, Rpyuwaka, Pbxata, rpbuxnTb HavmeHoBaHHa CR MOBEYe 3a O3Ha vapane ota brn umoTH. Tosa caupfetenctpysa, 4e CpbukuTb HaH- MCHOBAHHS CX OTb N0-HOBb MpOUsxone. Toa pakTb camo e Beye poctaTByuen> fa HH HaBene Ha (bPBOTO CBMHEHMe BbPXy YACTOMPOOHOCTbTa Ha KaPHOTCKMA TbpunsbMb. ‘ 1) Upesexn, Kuawecrso Benrapna, 4. Il, crp. 679, Mnosauen, 1899 r. ®) HMenata cM H3BaJ\CHh APH ERHH CLACEMb ObrEn® norneny BEPKY nocHeraTa Ha FpLyko-Gbsrapekara KOMUCHa 3a JIMKBARANAT Ha ObKAHCKHTS uMoTH. Bserm cm Taka, KaKTO Cm SanucanH OTD MpocuTenuTé a» MonOuTh Hie 3a nukBHAauHs,Aoépu Monoas Ba nonkpena ua HauleTo cbmHenHe, OGaye, une Olle eAHO MOGenHTHO CBHAETENCTBO : Tounoro Mbcronaxoxmenve Ha Taka HapeyeHata nycTHHs Tlapopua He ce sHae, Suae ce, oGaue, 4e TA © Tame HbKATE mMexny Cakaps u Crpanmixa. 3Hae ce oe, ue Bb Mlapopus Guna npoyytata wkona Ha [puropnit Crunantp, uniito yuennK e 6unt Teonoculi T1,pHoscré. Kemt 1340 roquua GpatcrsoTo Ha Cunaura ganounano mHoro ya crpana oT pas6oMunurKuT’s waliku, CbCTaBeHH OTb PEpun 43% Hi3TouHa Tpakus, pasHH Mop- ckM nupata orb 3anaq> 4 typuH HaemHMuM Ha Busantns. 3a aa yKpen MOHacTupa 4 Aa ro u3gbEpxKa, [pwropui u3npatHsb He ppyrt, a Teogocnii (Kolito mexpy muoro6potuutb my yse- HuuM Obnrapy, rbpyd HM cBpOw My Gund Halt-nOBbpeHb) ma HcKa nomouj». H mpatand ro He mpvA BH3aHTHiicKHa MMNepaTop, a npw Obarapckus uapp Means Anexcanpnps'). Taxa B® onycrouenara 4 o6esniogeva Mapopna Gesunu- CIBYBaTb FEpuM OTS lOrow“3sTouNa Tpakua uM FpeUKH HaeMHHUH, a [puroput Cunaut Tepe nomouy» npw OpnrapcKus uapb. Sauioto Mapopma, ovesnfHo, He e Bu3aHTHIiCcKa NOKpaliHHHa. Munasats roqunu. Typckoro Haceneume, Kato rocnomcTBy- Balljb @€MeHTb, €@ 3a€TO Cb BOeHHATA HM afMKHMCTpAaTHBHA cay#64 Ha mbpxapata. Benencrsve Ha sodHnTé H apyrM mpr- 4HHH TO 6bp30 HamanaBa. Ilbk% M, MOKONKOTO € OCTAHANO, HE € MHOFO CKNOHHO HATO KbMb 3aHaaTaniickus, HHTO OCObeHO KEMb TEKKHA 3emNenbickn Tpynb. HM anpanunTs, BakmuTb wv apyrn semnenbackh wMoTH ocrasar 6e3> pabotHa paKa, Ta crapa HyskMa Ma Ce CMBKHE OTb MaHHHHTb rnaqHoTO 3a 3eMa nna- HHHCKO HaceneHve MW fa ce HacTaHH, moBeye HacHna, OTKONKOTO O6poBoNHO, Mo FONHOTO TeyeHMe Ha TyHOxKa, Bb rocnopsapcKHTS 3eMH Ha TypuHT. Mpecenumuntb kbmb EnxosckHa kpa w306u1l0 Hu KbMb Rasaxnuiicxo cneymanno, cnopen® Hpevexa, unatb oT Cpaua- topa, Crapa-nnaHHa wu Pogonut. H, Kato ropopH 3a TbxB, TO! H3pH4Ho Ka3Ba, ye Th CM ,XPHCTHAHH-3emMneR AUN", unn , Gb TapH-KONOHMCTH “”). 3a npecenpane Ha 6b ArapH HM roBOpATS HM BCHURH BPYTH CBEACHHA, KOMTO MMaTb BPb3Ka Cb TOA CakTb: 3a 6bnrapu ors Oxpuacko u Kopyancko npeceneHu KaTO nepsextmykvw npx Cakapb HA rosopy w Axresb Jnamanquenn. Herosuaty abno, npocnasenuars no-nocne pb Maxenouns cpeliy anGauuntb Arrenb Bopoma, kato 20-22 ronnuleH> Mnanekb 6unb noKapan® gepBeHraxKua no nxTA Mexxay Enxoso H OnpuHt, 3aenHO Cb Apyrn MAajexn’). Be kpatityunxanckoro ceno Jlepmengepe (Menunya) 4 no cera € KHBb CNOMeHbTb, Ye pOnbTb [HHYeBUM € OTD MaKenoH- O-pp B.C. Kucenkoss, Bar. Mcrop. Ba6.nuotexa, Cog. I. 7. II, etp. 139. ) 2) KK. Hpevers, Kusitectao Bunrapna, a. Il. erp. 679 3) A. Damaaqueny, 8. ,Mupe", 6p. 10713, 1936 r.»Uepuuré Bb Enxozexo a CkKH mMponsxomb. Makemouckn e HM pombTb Ha Yene6uesun BE Xam6apnuit (Manamuposo), Kotito eH BB pomHMHCKH Bpb3KH cb cnomenaTuTé Tunyesun. A topa xe cm camo equnHuaH enyuan. dKutenuts ua cenoro Jayr6ernui (Snatvn4eso) H go cera ce HapHiaTb OTb CbCe_HTS cH ,,pynun. Kurenurt na xapSanuiicroro (nepsentarxuiicko) c. Jepernolt (Bonenb), Hapwyany ,,TpoHRKM Nopaaw THNM4HMA uM MaKenoH- CkKH TOBOP, CK MakeQOHUM OT rp. Bogeny, no uMeTO Ha KOliTO € MpekpBcTeHO M CenoTO uMB. Bw eqxo o6umpxo nucmo r, J-pp Heanb Xapinesd orp cmRUOTO Ceno Bogert, 64BL yuuTenb HW HHCNeRTOpE Ha HbKO- rauHoTo Kapaxnulicko yye6Ho OKpmiKHe, MH MaBa HbKOH m1060- TMTHA AaHHH Bb BPb3KAa Cb THA Npecenenua. Kato octasam® Ha cTpaHa cBegeHuata 3a HeroBOTO ponHo CeO, KOATO BNPOYEMb HANbNHO CbBManaTe cb HbKOM HayHHO YCT@HOBEHH Beye WaHHH, We MoAYeptaa camo, 4e cropen®> Hero, npecempaveto Ha RaBakNUiiWH e cTaHano emHOBpemeHHO Cb TOBA Ha fepekbokiun, cb Tad pasnuka, ye KaBaKnuiiuu, 3aeqHo cb MUTeEMUTS Ha W3TOUHOeNXOBCKUTS cena onbmb-BosnKs (Tonb- mo-LLlapkoso — enHo oTb Cenata Ha M3TO4HATA rpyna rpbUKM Cena), Aiinanxure (Topcka-nonana), Axnaranit (Tontmo-Kpyuoso), ba- KW M QP. HaTb oT» Pagomupcxo uv JynumiuKo. [ps Xanxves, MH HanoMHa cARWO HHTepecHHa dakTs, Ye GosnpuKHTs repun, oco6eHo no-crapuTb, fo ckopo Hockxa 6bnuw Gesespeun 4 Oban kAKCayM, XApaKTepHH 3a WOMCKATa HOCHA- Ceenennata nar. [-pp Xanxnesa cm wntepecuH ouje u nopan ToBa, 4e CbBnapaTb Cb CBefeHHATA Ha MCTOpHorpadha Ha Crpanga u Bun6enosyuté noxotinna Banyo Heiixosn, Koliro CMO COuM Bb Pakus, Kasmknuce (Mommua-yepkBa) MH Op. npe- cenunun orb Kioctespuncko 1 Codniicro}). Be Bpb3ka Cb THs mpecenenus smio6onutHH cBeneHua HH masa wr I. n. Asopb Bb Kurata cH ,CTpaH@Ka“, H3faHHe Ha Tpakniickua Hayyens unctutyte Bb Codus (1938): Mexay ¢ Ma- cnaneso wc. Equra umano u3y¥e3Hano c. Dynunua. Bb Busexcra OkonMa HMano ceno Cocdupecs, KOeTO, Cnopey® ena mereHya, 6uno o6pa3yBaHO oT npecennuun u3b Coduiicko. Bo crujata okoaMs MMano Konw6n Copnaia. Bo M.-TEpHoscko HMasto CRO KonM6u Coduitka u Saropcru KonKOn; Bb M.-CamoKosy npecenunyn orp Camoxoph; Bb Paka uv KasaKnuce npecen- HuuM oT Kiocteuauscko 4 mp. (Bx. ,Ctpannsxa™, crp. 191 w 192). Kora, o6aue, ctapaTb THA mpeceneHua? MakTEre, ye equa ronma yactb orb Cenata Ha Taa NOKpait- HuHa (KaKTO H HMeHaTa Mb HW Apyrd HbKOH AaHHH MOKa3BaTD) CM BOHHHUIKH Cena HaTOBapeHH Cb NepBeHTAMHitcKa, AyrAHARHH- cka HM Apyra cmyxOn Ha Mbpikapata, noKa3sBa, Ye TSXHOTO Hayao TpbOpa fa ce TEPC npHOnu3nTenHO Bb EfHO HM CAULO Bpene, 1) Banuo Helios», Pmkonuce se Hapoguara Guénuorera.8 Mo6pu Monoss oxono Kpaa Ha 16-5 BKB. PepmanuT Ha c. Bakes, Hait-6nn3- KOTO [0 KapHOTCKHTS Cena, 3a KOeETO ORPHHCKMAT BMARURA mpasu ronbmMu yCunHa Ta TO NPHCbEAMHH KbMb BAanenHATA CH, mioKas- BaTb, Ye TO CMUIECTBYBa Ha TOBA CH 3CMNMINE OT 1595 ron. Ore apyra crpaua, [-p» He. Xamknesp, Kolto TBEPAH, 4e Dlepexvoii, Ponbme-BosabKe, RKapaxnuit 4 np. ¢m 3acemeHH egHO- BPeMeHHO, COU MOUTH CAULOTO BpeMe Ha npeceseHne. A roK npenapa paskasb Ha AbAO cH, CnopeA Rolito, npanpayboo my ‘ 3anomMHeH® Beye Bb Alepexnoli. Tlpouee, axo onyctouapaneTo Ha HallaTa nokxpaMunna e en HCTOPHYeCKH yCTaHOBeHb akTb, aKO HOBATA KOMOHH3a- UMA CTaBa BCe Bb EMHO H CKO BPeMe H 3a ERHH H CUM WENA WAKO KOJOHMCTHTS WoaTb OTb EAH HM CMU MbeTa H TO OTb ObarapskH paula, KaKBHTO CH Maxenonua, Lloncro, Pogo- nuts, Crapa-nnanvHa u Cpbanaropa, SakmioveHneTo He MOxKe na Gmpe Apyro, ocBeH®, ue HOBATS sKHTeENH Ha HacemeHaTa NO- Kpaliuuna cm ObMTAapH. Ho no KakbBb HauHHb KapHoTuTb ce cBbp3axa Camo M0- Mexkny CH H Ce OTRRCHAXA OTb mpyruté cBou 6pata no capa? Hpever> ka3Ba, 4e KapvHOTHTb cm HapeeHM Taka 10 rp bu- Koto ume Ha Kosnymxa - Kapuac. Cnopenb Hallna Mianb typxonort tr. O-pp Tl. Muates, nymata Kosnygxxa e npou3Bon- Ha oT apaéckata nyma ynotpb6aBaHa Bb CTapOTYPCKH €3HKb vw o3nayapauia opbxp, Opbxp unt Hbiyo nopobvo sHa4n 4 rppuxata myma Kapyec. Haii-noporo ume Ha Rosnymxa nbkb e Opbunnks. Hann crapoOpnrapcKoto Optxoso ce e npeBEp- yano Bb Kosnyaxa, un 3anyctbnoro cenuule € 6u0 HavMeHo- gaHO Hanpaso OT saBoesatenut’ Kosnymxa, 3a ma craHe 70 cnenb TOBa, (MakAapb CaMO 3a MECTHO ynotpb6nenne) Kaprecn, a KUTENUTS Ha CenMUyeTO KapHoTH, uM TpaHccopmalnata My © Bppebria no APyrH peb — He Moke Ma ce Kaixke Cb nonoxwkA- iennoctb, Men ce crpysa, o6ave, ye Ha BCbRH cenyyalt MW TYP; ckoto Kosnynixa nu 3a0pasenoro GEnrapcko Opbxopo npeaxor- qatb rppuxoto Kapnecn. 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AKO HanctHHa KapHorM e orb Kapuecb, nocnenHoro ne 6u morno na 6x%pe cobcTBeHO ume Ha Kosnyana. 3anjoto mnaye 6u tpb6Bano ga monycHems, ve BcHuRH KapHOTH BOAaTb nO CAM) MIM Apyl’ HayHH® noTeKnoTO cH oTb KosnysiKa, T. e., 4@ ,KaDHOTH™ CTO Bb BpL3ka Cb MbCTONPOH3XOMa UMB. »Kapuo- TH“ He CbAbpHA BL ceOe CH HM BPB3KA NO NOMHHDbEb, 3alLOTO, RoKaToO 2kuTenMTb Ha Tonbmb-Monactups 4 Manni-Monactups Ce 3aHHMabaTb Cb NPOM3BOACTBO Ha 3bPHEHM XpaHM, OHHA Ha Rapaxnuli 4 Kosnyna ex a0 roma creneup so3apy, a Ha Cunan- nuit n Kosnyaxa cm CTpauctsysawin Gaxyosanm>Kuu. Momunb- RbTb HE € OHND EMHakEBb H Bb MHHanOTO nopaAM no4BeHHTb paaiHuvs Ha 3eMnMuaTa MMB. EnuuetBenoto Hali-nonyctHAMo OOscHeHHe e, 4e HMeTO Ka- PHOTH € HaeHO Bb BPw3KA Cb WbKaKBa NOBUHHOCTL HaNOmeHa 4M OT Avpskapata. 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Tosa ume O4eBHAHO € fameHo Ha mbcT- HocTbTa Bb BpeMe, KOraTO CuHanaMiinU He CR Gun Oe Ha- PeyeHH Rapwoty. Ako scwuxn cHHannuun cm KapHOTH, MMeTO kapHorb He 6H CBCTaBNaBaNO HMKaKBa OTMHRA 3a ThE Hue 64 Cuno HsnonsypaHo 3a KpbjasaHe Ha MbCTHOCTS. Bo Haii-mo6pua cayyal, To Moe Aa OmHe nposBuue Ha MbpBHA Hapeyens cb ToBa UME CHHanHeus, 3a na ce OTnMYaBa OTD apyrntb, a cb HeroBOTO MpOSBHLe € CBbp3aHa 4 MéCTHOCTHTa. Ho kar. 6errapurb-nnannnyun orp Pogonutt, LUoncko “ Crapa-nnannna, parauth u opayuTé orb BaKRpcKuTb u Gelicnn uucsuun crayaxa ,repyn®? Kapuotutt orp. Ko3ny..ka, a Bb MHHanoTo H OTE Apyro owe HBKOe Ceo, Mose 61, cm 6uiaM Gax4osanppKHH. Nppcnatn no 3enen- 4yKOBHTS cH rpanuHH OT PaHHa mpombtb 00 KbCHa ecenL, Th Cx MPOMOBONCTBYBaANH Cb 3enenuyke ubna lOroustouna Tpakna, a ocoGeno ABeTt cyntanckn cronmun Oapuue u Llapurpans. Heropu- unr paska3pare 3a crapn typcKu Hapeq6u, Cnopen KONTO rpa- auuutTS oKono rp, Baza Gunn 3aNbIKeHH Na NOCcTaBAT® Ha capaa exeronHo 6000 Kautapa kpomumn?), 3a6enesxere, camo KPOMHD\b 1 1) C6. H. Yu. 7. XXV., H. ee. 7, crp.15 (195). *) Hpexexn, Kuaxectso Benrapus, 4. Il, crp. 692, Gen.Pepunrbcen Evxoscro it To camo Ha capas — 6000 xanrapa! Kakeu konm4ectBa ppyrn npons- BegeHHa CA OnAH AVE KH Ma MOCTABNABaTb KapHOTHTS, MOKEMb na ch mpenctasume! Ho 3anbaskenuata Ha KapHoruTb ouesyaHo cm OHM CBbp3aHH HW Cb H3BECTHH NpaBa. H HMeHHO 3a fa 3a- na3saTb THs mpaBa MW YHCTO CToMaHcRuTb cH BpE3KM ch ronbmMatb 4 MankH WeHTpoBe HM takTOpH Ha TypcKata ABpsKaBa, HauHT6 OaxyosanaskuH cm OHM 3aCTaBeHH fa MmHHaBaTD 3a rbput. 2KABOTbTS Bb Abpxapata Ha cyNTaHuTs npennarane MHOrO Mo-ronbMu W3rogH HMeHHO HarepunTb. 3a nea Bnpovemy HBMaWwe ApyrM XpHicTMaHH, ocBeHd rbpuMts. Mmeto rpbKs ra- pantupauie BCbkAMy MopasHata MW MaTepHanua 3akpusa M Ha natpH- apuleckata BilacTb, M Ha M3BbHpenHO BrMaTenHUTb BE Typuna TPBURA TBPBEHUH, H Ha rpBuKUTb KoHcynckM BHactH no-nocne. Hysxgata Ha 3aHaaTHaaTa OTb Mo-rombMa NOXBaTHOCTh, OTb Cpas- HATEMHO MO-BHCOKA KY/ITYpa, OT Bpb3KH, CaMa no ceOe cH MY Hanarawie ga npwObrue KbMb yCnyraTé Ha rpbukOTO yaunuue 4 4epkea. A tosa 6Gbuie H nypBata CTMNKA KbMb NOrbpyBane, Tykb @CHO HM Ce Hamara equHb napanenb mesxny Kosnya: | 2a m Ulanariopuye. Manariopckut askenenn H OernmKynH mpa- Bbxa rpaMaqHH gocTaBru enbpb H apeGens mo6uTEKD Ha Typ cKoTa Mbpkapa WH 3akymBaxa Geranka Ha ubH OOnacTH. 3a cponTé crana Tb HaeMaxa unM MMaxa O61UMpHH cobcTBeHM mac- Guma. Dppskaxa croTHuH OBYapH WK YHHOBHHUH. *KuBbexa Bb cronmyata Hav ronbmuth rpaqope Kpait Hea *KMBOTD OTTOBApALS Ha BHCOKOTO HMb NOMOKEHKE Bb TbpraBata, Bbxa meskpy Halt- w3nurHatnT’ 4 Halt He3aBucumn maTepvanHo 6ynrapu. Ho, 3a na CH OCHTYPATb HYKGHaTa cBoboMa, KyNTYpa H OGpasoBaHue, Tb cmuo 6bxa mpvHypeHn ga xeprByBaTb mocteneHHO e3HKa 4 ObarapckoTo MMe Ha felaTa M BHyUMTS cH. Enua Hackopo ny6sHkyBaHa W3BanKa M3b PmMKONMCHTb Ha Lau [unuesb xBEpaa gocta uuTepecHa cBéTAMHa BEpXy Ha- “anoTo Ha HaLueTo Gax4oBanpxniicTBO.") Camb cui’ Ha Oax4onaHs- neva, Ll. Dunyepb paska3Ba Kak TOA NOMMHDK € BE3IHARHANS Bb TopxHo-opbxoBcKo: Komp 1720 r. nbckosun Gann paGotHHuM xnbOapu BD 6ernuukuth npaparenctsenn pypHH, Ha KOWTO BO HayanoTO Ha 19-4 BbKb ynpasutenu 6unH Bce nbckoByH. Ho oKono perenata roquua Bb pypHutTb umano Beye ronbmp HanmKB, padorHHuM, 3aTOBa HbKOH OTb TSXB MOCcTANMAM KaTO paOoTHHUM MpH Kapamaunanurt, KOTO AbpxanK rpaguHMTh 3a SeNeH4YR' np Llapurpany. Caen kato ycBousu rpanMHapckOTO H3KyCTBO, aéckosuuts moxenann camm ga HaematT> rpaqvnn 4 aa ra O6pa- OoTBaT CcaMocTosTeNHO, HO ,WapMrDaACKHATS ecHabD, KOTO OnNb TOraBa BR NbAHHMA Cu pasuBhrs, He 4Mb fanb HeoOxonumMoTo pa3spemenne, Takcy- ') B. ,,Caoso", 17. V. 1938 r,12 flo6pu Tonos Baviku rH KaTO Yyx ReHUM". HosonsmeyenutTé mbcKoBcku rpanuuapa Hambpunn toraba nousa 3a sanasra cu Bb» Bpauioen. Oxosa, kKoeTo TpbOsa ma ce nogyeptae Bb Tad M3BanKa, e: 4e nO Hayanoto Ha 18-3 BbKD GaxdonangmniictsoTo Bb Llapy- rpaob € Bb pmueTb Ha KapamMaHnHHTs v ye GaxyoBanaxulicKHaTS ecHapp € Bb nbnHMa cH pasuBbre. Toit e snactens ma pasa WIM fa He QaBa paspeLeHHe 3a ynpakusBaHe Ha Gax4oRaH~KHit- ¢TBOTO ROP Ha HOBM XOpa yCBOHNH S3aHaaTa mpu HeroBH une- Hope. Orka3b Moye a NONyYH NpOCcHTeNbTb opH mop’ nMpe TEKCTb, Ue UY HK DEHE UD, MaKapb Hae OTS CmIaTa AEpRaBa MW fa € Cb CHMHO MOKPOBHTeNCTBO Ha MHOFO BNMAaTeNeH® TYPCKH nbppenens (Jibckopene Sune Bakxds u bcKoBUM 6unw NOKpoO- BHTENCTBYBAHH OTb Pioctemb-Geliopntb HacnenHHun — Huo KaTO KAapHOTCKUTS cena). Abo €, cnemopatenho, Ye HaWMTb KapHOTH Bb Haya;oTO Ha 18-4 BéRB eABA nu CK ynpaxKHaBanu, KakTO un rbcKOB- unTb, CBCeTO HOBO B3aHaTHe Gax4OBAHARHHCTBOTO, OCOGEHO Bb oxonHoctuTé ua Llapurpant, Womb To e 64NO nouTH MoHoNoO- AM3HpaHo OTb KapamanannTs. M owe npn nbpanth cH cTrmnkn KBMb HOBAS CH NOMHHERS TH CR ce CONECKANM, MOnObHO Ha AbCKOBLNTS, Cb rbpunsma. SaujoTo KapamaHnnnth cm xpucrns- Hu oT Mana-A3us ropopaluu TypcKH, OTb cTapo BH3aHTHiicKO noTekno mM Cm AYXOBHH Yafa Ha MaTpHapuinata. EnBa’ nH CLO Moe Ma ce onycHe, 4e 6axyoBahpsKulicTBOTO BE Kapaxnulicxo une He oTb Llapurpags, a orb apyrane. Taka no4uBa norupuBaneTo Ha KapHoTuTé rpagnnapu. A TEXHOTO CTpaHcTByYBAaHe He CaMO YyCKOps#Ba TOA Mpouect, an 3aTBbPAH yG6exmeHHeTo, Ye rEpyvsMETS Bb Lonna Tyxnxa HMa MHOTO NO-LUMPOKH pa3sMbpH, OTKONKOTO Gb Bb CAALIHOCT. 3aiuoTo 3a oOnMs, KONTO HbMaxa HenocpéacTBeHH cBefeHHa 3a TOA Kpaii H 3a KOHTO MONTH BCKH CpelWHaTb OT'b TaMb & KapHo- THHb-TPbKb, NOFHYHO GbiWe Wa 3aKmOYaBaT’b, YE BCHYKO Bb No- Kpaiiuunara wMb © rpbyKo. Tonko3b noBexe, Ye ocTaHanoTo HacesleHe, NPUBLPZaHO 3MpaBO KbMb 3eMATa CH UPesb CBOA NOMHHDBK', PbAKO MMale cnyyall ga Ce HaTpanH Ha BHHMaHHeTO: Ha 4yoKneHena. Tlorppupanero Ha KapHorcknT cena BbpBH mMocTemeHHO 4 Cb He €fHakBa Cua HW ycnbxb orb uentEpa Kosnyasxa KbM> epcequuts cenmusa. Moxato Koanyn2xa Bb Hali-Hopo Bpeme ce HOMOrBa YPE3b CBOETO TPLUKO HME Ma THPCH HavanoTO CH Bb HaneyHoTO, efpa 1H HE BHB3aHTHHcKO MHHano, a Kapaknuii ce onMTBa Ma Wrpae ponsta Ha TPbuURA KYNTYPeHb WeHTEPS, Opa- auth ort Tonbm-Monactnp pocthrats Cb cnhomeHuTs cw enpa QO KepAMannitcKuTb Bpemeva. Maxaps, ye CcenoTo UMb Bb MH- HanoTo e HaxHlickH WeHTEp>, Th, Cnopend Mpeyeka, ,He 3HAaATb OpH 3alo TO ce Ka3Ba Monacrupb“. Enna yepra He oco6eHo MHoro cBolicTBeHa Ha rbpKa, Y KOTOTO BHHArM HM 3a BCHYKO +KH- Bbe Meranu-ngeata. Joxato y kapaknulickuts repun UpeversnC epynTé pp Enxoscito 13 yerrbab pa sa6enexn (m4mMoxonomp, pas6upa ce) camo ObnrapcKn pedpesh 4 oTmbAHM ObMrapcRH e3sHKOBM OcTaTBUM Bb rpEyKUTe amb mbcun 4 e3Hka MMB, 3a ronbMo-MoHactHpynTS TOM nue: »RUTENUTS CH TPOESH4HU PPUM, KOHTO roBOpaTe Ty TPHUKH, Ty TYpckH, Ty GbArapcKH, HO HM TpuTb e3sHKa epHakBO nowo*), Onutat, Ha rEpuv3Ma ma pasuupaBa BanaHMero cH u BBp- xy APYrH, CbCeRHH Ha KapHoTcKHTh cena npopemxKM MOpH cen Ocno6oxmennero. Ha torn OTb KapwoTHTb ce Hamupaxa cenata Bakben (Ye- tpem), Hopo-ceno m ua4esHanoto Buuxnolt. Mexpy Bakvsp 4 Hopo-ceno € monactupsts CB. Tponua*. Kapyoruts (1. e. 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II. erp. 699. *) Hpevexn, Kusrectao Brarapua, 4. 11. crp. 698.Ho6pu Monosy Tos cnop& co6crBeHo e wHTepeceHt Bb MHOFO OTHOMe- ava: OnpHHckHaTD TpbuKA BaqMKa ce cTpemM ja cneyenn 3e- Mut’ Ha Tpa cena 3a enn sarpabeH® GbarapckH MoHacTHpb, KoliTo bakTH4eckH ce Biagbe OT KapMoTcKua UeHTEpE Ko3- ayaa. Bp cnopa toi ce onvtsa pa o6opu popu 3aKoHHO ysta- HOBEHH NpaBa Ha TypcKaTa AbprxKaBa. A Haii-nlo6onuTHOTO e, 4e HOBHT QomorsaHua Han TpuTb cena (KoeTo OYeEBHAHO e H3BH- kano Hy#gaTa qa ce nonHoBABaTb Bb 1838 rog. rpamoTuTé Ha cyntan Moxamena Ill) cesnagatb cb Heo6uKHOBeHOTO 3acun- BaHe Ha CNHHM3aTOpCKata MelHOCTb Ha NatpHapuMsTa, nopeta u OTb opraHuTé Ha HOBOOCHOBaHaTa rpbuKa TbprKaBa, rTpbURHTS KOHCyNM Ha3HayeHH npesb 1834 ron. Bb Cocus, Bapua, MMnos- Aupb, Onpuys u mp. Korato creruatara 1 peopmupana mpexa Ha TPbUKHT yYHAHWa BCe MOBeYe H NOBeYe Normbilawe nouTH ubsata noppacrsawa 6Enrapcxa nutenurenyua, nmopu 4 mbpauTb Haim geatenm no Bpaparpareto. Ho pce no-scuu 6bxa Beye u MpUsHayHT Ha eH CTPEMesK® KLMb OTXBLPNaHe rpbUKOTO QYXOBHO ro, Ako pakbeun He 6bxa no enya wactauea cnyyaiiHocth 3a- nasi cBoa pepmanb, Bakbps, Hoso-ceno uv BHHb KBOl CHKLO urbxa_na urypuHpaTs Kato KapuorcRH cena. Bunpéku Bcusko, ROpH cnen> OcsoGormenneto Hpevers CBapBa MpOuecbTb Ha MOrEpyBaeTo paney> HesaBEpueHD. 3a NBPBOTO KaPHOTCKO Ce;O, Bb KOeTO nonana, 3a CHHansnHit, Toi 6enexn »TO € ronbMo HW npunu4yHo ceno, HO Beu4e mo- rppueno". Ile peye, HbKora To He e 6MNO, HO cera e Beye TPbUKO, Cb BCe Olle BHA CneqH Ha OpNrapcKH npoHsxon». O6uo 3a Kapnoturé nbKb TOM nume: ,Hocuata e CbBBPLUeHO Ownrapcka, MH Cb Kannaka 3aeqHo. Mxetb He 3HaaTb BcH4KH Swnrapcku, HO uMa HM >KEHH, KOHTO sHaaTB. [TbHHeTO Ha TIbCHH Cb 4) NpwMBcHuM, Hanp. Cb GbrrapckH peppewH KaTO ,BaKsa, Ave !l* noxasea, ve TE3H T>PUM OTHYACTb CR CaMO O- repyenu Obnrapu; Be Kasaxnu, cera chsapwieno rpbuKn, enua Maxna mu qHecb ce Hapw4a Bysrapb-maxana!),“ YurbcTHo €, np Tosa, Aa npunomHuM Tyke cnomenatoTo Beye »TPOE3SHYHE Ha MOHACTMpCKHTb KaPHOTH, a CRUO a HanpaBMM’> €fHa Manka nonpasKa na Hpeuexa: Rapakanliun no POHMCHHE, KAKTO H Y4HTENH Bb MO-MOCHeWIHOTO KaBaksMiicKo RMACHO YHKAKUNE MOMHSATS He camo oTAbsHH 6enrapcKn pedpeHn Bb rpeyKuTb mbcwn, Ho w whaw Opnrapckm nécHu y ,repunTh“ Bb Kapaknuit. Kasauo Haxparko, u Bb mbcuurh, u Bb e3HKa, 4 Bb HO- cuata, M w306u40 Ota Ha KapHoTHTb mM4aTb sCHO CnenuTb Ha TbxXHHa GbnfapcKu npousxoms. M tua cnenn CR TOMKOBa mo- Barkly, BaujoTo CR ObsFAapCKH CNeAM Bb FpbURM yHtb GUT. }) Hpevers, Kuanectso Barapa, 4. Il, erp. 693.pT epuaré a» Enxoacro 15 Ho ouje no-mutepecHo e, ue THA cHeqH He cm mornH na OmmaTS 3anuyeHu AOpH y KaBaknuilickH npecenHuuH BD Onpune u Oppuucko, reo He camo He Gu morso ga ce Honycka Han ThxD HbKakBO GbNTAapCKO aCMMMNAWMOHHO BNusHHe, a HanpoTHaR, 6na- romapenve Ha ocoGexo SnaronpHaTHHT ycnopva 3a ennHu3auus, tb 64 tpbOsano oTMaBHa Wa CRACATL HW NOCHeMHaTa BpEsKa cB csoeTo ObsrapcKO MHHaNo. Onpuuckoto npenrpanue u rapa Kapaauy, cera TPbYKO, Bb MMHanoTo ¢ Ouno ObmrapcKko. O6utasanu cm ro Gpnrapu oB- yap Ha GelicruTé ctana. [peumyujectseno 6pnrapcka e Guna u maxanata Manpppmn. Hes cm HacenaBanu nbkb rnaBHo HawMT axenenu H 6ernuKumn, acmuo 4 npecenuuun oTb Rapaxnuiicxo. 3a Twa mocnenHuTb MMeHHO HH pa3ska3Ba r-Hb Hauiess, uHcner- TOp’ Ha TypckuTb ysunuuia Bb Benrapua, unlito poe e orp cmuMTS mpecenuMun. Camb pogenb 8b Oppune, yuntencrey- Ban HM MHCneKTOpcTBysan® Bb Ogpun® 4 Oppuncko, Tol pas- ka3Ba MO NpefanHe, Ye HeFOBHATb pOWb, KAKTO M Apyru oule ponone cm npecenenH orb Kasaxaulicxo. [lpecenenneto e cta- HaslO Bb BPeMeHaTa, KOraTO XPHCTHAHHT BCe OLE CK Gun TO- BapeHH Cb KPbBEHb AaHbkKb. Tosa 6brctBo oT Kasaxnniicko Bb Onpuut 6uno, 3a ma ce cnacaTb feuaTa OTb KPbBHUA Mabe, Te KaTO CTapata cynTaHcKacTomHua Guna ocBoGoneHa Orb Hero, T-1% Hawesb nomu4 ponuunutTé cu Beye nouTw norbpyenn u BCe Nak MMYHTENHO TEHRKO ce O6pbilanb e3HkbTb Ha THA »TbPUH OTS HaLWEHCKO Np rpbuRata xa, rpanoseré Auxwano u Mecemppus, xpaiimopcxuté cena sb Cosononckara xaza, [lnosanee, Cranmauikata ka3a, cenata KyxseH, Bo- newb, Apnaytkboi, Navara, Hoso-ceno, JIbckoso, Axnann, Bau- Koso, Bbnaunua, Baykosckus MovacTup’ M AD. epMaHBTB He cnloMeHaBa HHO 3a KapHorckata rpyna cena. A 3nae ce, ye Tol Oune u3pa6oTeH’ Bb3b OCHOBa PeleHMATa Ha OuuYaNHO Has Haena cmbcea KOMMCHa OT SEnrapcKn HW NaTpHapuleckH npen- cTaBHTenM, a Cel, u3pa6oTBaHeTO My Guye H onobpeHb oTb natpuapxa. Cpananeto Ha natpuapxa I'puropuit VI popu ce apn: KH NO ronbMa CTeneHb Ha TOBa HMeHHO, Ye TOM Bb BPb3ka Cb pepmana ce MOKa3anb MHOrO OTCTMNYKBh KbMb OparapuTb?), Rapuotcruté cena ne 6bxa BrmoueHH H BD OGnacTHTS, 3a KOHTO epMaHbTb NpeABHIKAaLe, Ypesb HapogHO AONMTBAHE THa O6nacTH caMH fa onpembnsTE cBosTa W_PKOBHA mMpHHan- JI@RHOCTb. Be otatbna cv 3a UbpKOBHOTO ycTpOiicTBO Ha HOBOOCBO- Sonenata 6pnrapcka mHprKaBa Mpeyer, KaTO OnMcBa OpraHH3a- WMsTa Ha WbpKBata Ha ObTapuTs, KasBa, Ye PEpuNTs UMaTD Bb CTpaHata netb enapxMH Cb MMTpononMTH: 1) TnosquBcKa cb 22 yepxen,,5 Monactupu, 50 cpemenuun, 11 Kxanyrepn. 2) An- xHancka (3aeqHo cb Byprace). 3) Cosononcka. 4) Mecemspuiicra. 5) Bapuencra ce 12 yepxeu, 19 caeujennya Bb rpanoserb Bap- na, Banuura u Jo6puun u 8 cena w 1] napaxnuch Bb Lllymens. Rapaxnuii TyKb He ce cnomeHasa HHTO Karo oTmbaHa enapxHa, HUTO KATO CbCTABHA YaCTh OT Apyra rpbuKAa enapxua. Benuara cb cb3qapaHeto Ha Harouna Pymenna, o6aue, Bb 4yuvTO rpanHuM Bib3se u Kasaknuiicko, 10, KakTO Wwe BAQUMb MaNKO 10-Mony, M3N7KKBa KATO BakKeHD rPDYKH YeHTEpe. A weve cnen Crenunenueto, kbmb 1888 ron. KapHoTHTb He CaMO CH TbplM, HO M M3NM3aTb Ha MbpBO MBCTO KATO [PBUKH WeHTePh; nove no 6poH, Cnopen® enua cTaTHcrHKa OTD Tas TomMHa®), LH: THpaHa oTb Mpeuexa kato odmuMasa, fOKaTO Bb BapHencKa okonuva uma 8300 rppuy, Bb [nosnus» uma camo 3930, whaMaTe Bypracku oxpmrb cb w3ubs0 NOrbpYyeHHTh yrk'b Anxnano, Me- cemppua, Cosononb, Byprac 4 Ap: uma 13650, sb Kapaxsuiicro- Ka3blarakua Kpaii, 3a Kolito 1O—15 rom. npequ ToBa AOpH 1) Npod. M1. Huxosy, Buspaxgane Ha Opar. Hapone, Crp. 266. ?) Hpevexn, Kimxectso Bonrapna, 4. |, ctp. 133.nel 7 nt er ae 18 Ho6pu Nonosy TEPunTS He roBopsTb, uma Beye 14925 nyuin repun. Equa und- pa O4eBHAHO HeBbpoatHa. Ta 64 morna nace nosy4H camo, ako HS4HCNeHHATA Ce NpaBIT NO MeTOAMTb Ha Weneps, Kolito 3a €QHH NepHony orb 1894 go 1912 rog. 3a rpeykoto HacesleHHe Bb H3BECTHa OOnaCcTb nocouBa yBenuyeHHe 30% , noKato BE Cx- UlaTa O6nactb w cmUOTO Bpeme 3a 6enraputé e nokasaHo eppa 0°7°/, ysenuyenne?). Cnopens taa cratuctuxa, KapwotcKuth TbPpuH HagMHHaBaT Beve ctapaté rpbykn rHb3ya Co3onons, Auxwano, Mecemspusa h Bypract, kouro popu 6e3% oKonnuTS IPbuKK HAM rbpyeewin ce cena, cnopenb Exexonm*), npesb 1829 roquua umat» O66 4216 rpturw KxXUH, un KaTO cMbTHeM cpbaHO no 5 pyun Ha kmUa, MankO noseye oT 21,000 rbpun. Mpu Tosa, Kasaxnuticno MposBaBa TEEMO O6patHara TenqeHuna. Jloxato Tua KpalimopcKH rpanose 3a 50 roquHH mo4tH npesnomoBaBatTh HacenenueTo cH, HOBMATS FPBYRH Kpait npw Caxapp 3a 10—15 rogunn HaGmOBa nO HeBbpoaTHH pasmbpw. H He 3aropa, ye suTenuTb My mo aTaBU3bMb Obxa Hacneguan orb cBonTS npagbaw nanny HeOOHRHOBeHaTa HM MOOBHTOCTb. Opyrane e tatinata: Cnenb Kato nEnro Bpeme He ycnbeawe popu ga ce n3- PasH4 cb Auxnano, Cosonons w Mecemapus, Kasaxauit H3Ben- Hak’, TH H@QMHHa HW 3a€ NepBo mbcTO no 4HCTO apMMHKeTpa- THBEH® nate, Toi ce HaNOKH KATO rpbUKa OKONMA MO nonuTH- ueckH CMBTKU H cBOGpaxenna. H Hanomuxa ro OHA, KOTO Ha- 4eptaxa Kaptata Ha 3HaMeH: Tata H3towna Pymenus 4 KOTO, Kak- To Kaspa Mpevers, HbMaxa HHKAKBO TOUHO 3HAHHE 3a eTHOorpadckuth oTHOoWweHHaA Ha cTpanata uw Hu- kakb 4 HE NOMO3Hpaxa Cunatana 6enrapcKua ene MeHT® BR Hea“), ; 3a Bepauucris moropops uapoauocruusrs npanunnnb Hb- Mate co6cTBeHO HHKaKBO 3Ha4eHHe. HeroBuTs BBHLHO-nOAHTH HECKM CMBTKH AURTYBAXaHa BCbKA ueHa GEnrapcKHaTD enemenTs na One o6esnnyenb Bp Pymenna. Be csour cnomenu crapnate Aranach Unness uu pas- Ka3Ba KaTO CbBPEMGHHKS H HKHBb CBHMIETENb 3a THA CLOTHS. Karo mpencenatenb na oxpmxxuHa ChEeTS 1 NpbBb ynpasutenb Ha Kasenarauixoto pymenvlicko OKpmIKMe, TOM OOMKONMIIS non: BemomctBeHHTb cH 160 cena. 3a rbpun He cnomeHaBa HNTO Bb €BOeTO OKPAXKHE, HATO Bb Kasaxnnit. Ho, Kato PasKka3Ba 3a Ha3- HawapanerTo Ha pymenuiickuté npedextu nu oxonulicku Havanunun, To nue, ¥e Ouno octaseHo na OMMat® HasSHaueHH cy cneunanens mpuka3% oxonuiicknts wayannuyn ap Ra Baknuit, Auxuano, Mecemspua u Cosononp. MH wanctana Gunn HA3H@Y€HM BL 1bPBUTS ABE OKONHH HayanHuuH 2) Gt. H, Ulnukos’s, Tpaxus npeau u crept Espon. sofia, erp, 98. *) Evexonm, Apxua 3a nocenauyun npoyusanus, ron. I, KH, |, ctp. 121 wen. §) Hpexexe, Kusects0 Bpnrapua, 4, I, erp. 408,J epants! a» Enxoacko 19 rbpux. Ha wasuayenuté Guno camo Hanomueno, ve tb ubMate Npaso fa MpaBsTb pasnMKa meray rpbKb, TYpYMHd HW Opmra- pune. [Ipw KoeTo, npabu BnevatneHHe, 4e6ynrapuupte Kato py- MenviickH TpaxkHaHHH € mocTabeHb Ha nocnepHO mécrTo?). Taxa Ha Kasaknuitckata okonHa Guge HanoxKeHb rpbkb OKOMMMCKH HayanHUkb H TO OCTaHa NOpH HM cnenb Crenune- HueTo. Ocraa, BENPEHM UMppeHoTo cboTHOWeHHe Ha *MTeNATh m. Cpeuy xpxmrno 20,800 6bnrapu wu 800 ort apyru Hapozuoctu, Taa oxonua uma KeMB 90-16 roguHH 14,800 rpun Tra undp co¥aTb MO kakBa CTeneHb Kopas’ TpbO6pa pa e 6unb TamowHnaTs GbrrapcKH enemenTs, 3a fa 3and3u pOpH npH pexkuma Ha enapxocuT’ (rspuntb oKxonmuiickw nayanHHuu) CboT- Howenneto 20 kbMB 14 xunagu. Ho Tb, orb apyra crpana, cBH- eTeICTBYBaTb H KOKO CueHb Tpb6Ba fa e OMb HATHCRETE OTb BbHb, KOHTO HOP MPH TOA YMCACHS CbCTaBb Ha OKONMATA yené fla wf HamOkM eNMHb YHHOBHUR FPbkb MMEHHO kaTO TapaHUHA 3a TRPUM3SMa TaMb, OKONKOTO ro uMa, HW Ma TO Cb3MaBa H3KYCTBEHO, aKO TO HbMa. A nop cbHKaTa Ha enapxoca rbpun3MbTb Bb Kapakanit- KO HaHcTHHa mpoubsrasa. Sawjoto npesb 1893 ron. ctaTHcTH- Kara Moka3Ba Bb Tai OKONHA Bee 36,955 oKHTeENH, OTb KOTO 20,776 6eanrapu v4 14,899 rppun?). Ho, kato ce B3eme npen BUD, ye mpesb 1888 ron. Mpexexb onpeybaa xapnotutb ua 14,925 nyuin’), HO Bb ToBa 4Mcno nocraBa 4 2635 xnTeNW Ha Bossbul- kata rpyna “ 826 xMTenM Ha eqHO sMGOsCKO CceNO, M3NM3a, 4e npesb tax roquna Kapwotuté cm 6unn co6craeno 11,464 u ye 3a 5 romwHu caMo CK MOKa3aNM eQUHb Mpupecrs oTb 3435 py: un. Mpesb Toa npomenytekb SparapuTé nbs orb Kavaxanii- CKO OT oxoNO 18,000 xunaau KpxFAO AOCTHraTh emBa Mo 20,776, T. @ €0HHb npappcTS orb 2700—2800 ayn. Cnenutéb Ha rppunrb-oxonuiicky HayanHHd ce 4yBCTBY- Baxa AOpK Crem TbxHOTO H34e3BaHe. baro Bpeme cneA® Kato Ka- Bakauiickata OKONHA 6upe mpucbenuHeHa KEM Kaspnarauuvara, Bb KaBaknuiickOTO MApOBO CAAUNHULe CAAMATA ObuIe MPHHYAeHb camb fa cH TepcH HAY ma ce OGscHaBa Cb CTpaHHTb M10 pa3- rnexpanutTb oTb Hero mba, KoraTO cmBeWMTb ce, G40 MOpa RM HesHaHue, 64no nopagH HexenanMe, He roBopbxa GpnrapcKn. Tonkoga cunua 6buwe Hacnenenata pyMesmiicka Tpanuuna, Tpbu- KHaTb enemeHTS ga ce cmbra pb Kasaxani, ako He 3a FOC- NOACTBYBALS, TO MOHe NPHBUserMpoBaH’s. Taxa Bb ObnrapcKuTs cmAMAMLAa Ha cBOGOnHaTa ODrrapcKa Abpxkapa KapuotuTS moxkexa fa He ropopaT ObArApCkH, KOFaTO oke@exa Wa NOpYepTasTb CBOATAa HALMOHAIHAa NPHHaMexKHOCT Moxexa nu, o6a4e, sanasunurb HalHoHanHocTbTa CH KaBak/MH- !) Ar, T. Hnwess, Cnomenm, erp. 215. 2) Hpevern, Kusxectso Brarapus, 4. Il. erp. 692, Gea. 36. ®) Hpevers, Kusecrso Boarapns, 4. 1. cmp. 133,Dlo6pu Nonosn ck ObnrapH fa roBopstb cBoGonHO MaviunHMs CH e3MK® npH ynpapnenuero Ha enapxaca? Tosa co6crBeHo He Gbue u HeOobxo- HMO, 3aLOTO 3a TbpUHTb e3nkbTb HE € OLE CHrypeHb 3Hakb 3a HauHOHanHa MpHHaniexkuocth Ho to ne Gbuie u BL3MOMHO. Baujoro enapxocbTb TbKMO saToBa Gbule HasHayeHD, ma npH- lara teopusita, cnopenb xosto: Enuuornacum 6barapu ue Moxe fa HMa; OpnrapornacHH enuHH — ga. AKO gHecb Ole OPA Bb RyNTYpHUTS ysKb esponelickn Abpxasy, Fa MMaLI NONMYeHCKaTa BAaCTh Bb pmueTb cH, TOBA €@ pasHocHnHo fa Mab MbcrHa aBToHOMUS, MOKeML ma cu NpenctaswMb Kaka e 6uNa BnactbTa Ha FbpKa OKONHIICKH Ha- yaHHKb. Heropata mestenvocts Géuwe TonKoBa no-6naroTBopHa satyH, 4e Ha BEnpocuTb ob Tos pon He rnenaxMe Cb NbAHO papyonyuime. Jopx npw mxoro6poliuvté cnyyan Ha cobcenu Spakosze mexny ,repun uv 6barapKu orb oKomHHTS cena (o6pat- HATS cayyan Obxa pbakH) HMKOMy He npaBbue snevarnenve, 4e oule MpH nbpsoTo noKombuve Aeyata oTb THA Gpakope MH- Hapaxa Beye 3a YMCTH eNMHH. Bneyarneuveto 3a wHpoKoTo pasnpoctpateHve Ha rbpyHs- Ma Cb3HATENHO KATO Ye NM Ce NOACHABaLe OPA OT ounyuannu mécra: Bb enwHb feTcKM yYeOHHK Mo oTeyeCTBO3HaHHe, nperbp- nénb ubKonKo u3nanns, aBropbT® numeue: Hacenesneto Bm Enxoscko ce npenutasa ype3b cbeneTo na Gama. A Gama ce cbeuie camo Bb KapwotcKkoTo ceno Cyuannnit, oxato EnxoscKa- Ta OKONHA € EfHa OTb NOKpalHHHHTb, KONTO paxknaTb BCHUKM HalléHcKH 3emnenbacku mpousBeneHua oTb namyKa u cpacTb- WHT, Ta 10 KHTOTO H eNMHKa. Be etHorpaberus myseii Bb Codpua nbxe Enxoscko nu cera oule € npencTabeHo Cb enna KyKia OOMbYeHa Bb CyKMaHb OTb Mypanaunuit (Mamapyeno), ceno orb usTounata rpyna rpbuKu cena, a Npe3sb pamoTo fi npemetHata HH3a Gama. ([lakb Oama!). Huto Gamara e uaii-xapaxtepHoTo nponssegenve 3a Enxoscko, HHTO MypanaHnniickata HOCHA e€ Hai-THOMYHaTa Tamb, HATO NbKb Mypanaunuit uma nbujo o6uo ce Cuvannnit, ocpens, ue ce cubta 3a rpbuxo ceno. H sce nakb Enxosckara oxonmsa e npen- cTabeHa CaMO Cb Ba NPEMMeTa H TO UMEHHO OTb cena MpH- HannexaujH Ha rpynhtb, KOHTO MMHaBaxa 3a rpbUKK. Ce kakeu Bmevatnenua ue Gane ona, KoliTo oTb My3ea ue cH cBcTaBH npeActaBa 3a Enxopcno? Mpeaw na mMHemb KM M3TOUHATA YaCTb Ha EnxoBcKa OKONMS, RMB Taka Hapesenata Bosnbuika rpyna ,rppun", Koato o6xpBa- twaue cenata [onbmb-Boanbre (Tonbmo-LUapxoso), Manbkp- Bosnbx> (Manko-LUlapxoso) 1 Mypanananit (Mamapyeso!), nanara ce ga CH MpHnOMHHM>d Ha4dHHa, nO KOHTO € CTaHanoO KONOHM3H- PaHeto Ha Kapaknuiicko, koliro Ha4uHHb, KaKTO MHMOXOOM> cro- | Mypasiannui coGcrmeno Gbwe wanonosHHa rpLyKo.pram »Ppunrb pe! Enxoscno: 2 MeHaxMe, 3acbra He camo Enxosckna kpalt n3aubno, a qopu un Crpaayxa. Ma npanomuumy, vanpum’ps, ye cenoto Fonbmn- Bosnbkb, WeHT>pb Ha u3TOUHOeNXOBCKaTA Tpbyka Tpyna, cpaB- HATEMHO Hal-QbArO 3ana3M Bb HOCMITAa cu OUTS 6eHespeun 1 RRCAUH, EMMH CHTYpeH® MpHsHAke, AKO HE Ha MaKeMOHCKU, TO Ha LIONCKH nponsxomD. Oco6eHo Heobxogqumo e co na XBBPNHMb Obrbnb no- Tiefb HW Bbpxy McTopHata Ha Crpanpa noe npess nocnemuH- 1b crombrua. Uctopusta na Crpanpra cp nelinnth npeannanwun Ha 3a- anh KbMb Cakapb mM Ha CeBepb KbMb Crapa-nnaHuia 3a xKa- NOCTh OWE He € pasrbpHata oTb HaWNT nCTOpHUH, Makap, 4e Oco6eHO HeliHaTa YacTb 3a MeTBEKOBHOTO pobcTBO, oOemana fa 4M Wage enna orb Hal-pomaHTH4HMTb rnaBy Ha Halllata HCTO- Pua BbOOue. A tad rnapa e wanbaHeHa orb xKpali no Kpait ce umeto Ha Bun6enosckua pom, uniito Hayano 3ano4sa cb jeren- JapHata curypa ya Momunna u cebpuisa ch Kapapxata, Kolito cbOpa Bb ceOe cH KaTO Bb oxyc> BKOBHMA ycTpemb Ha una Crpanm@xa KLMB cBo6ona, 3a na ro oTHece npesb Jo6pynxa komb Bysnyaxa. 3auoto Bb KHNMTS Ha Kapamxata ce 6ykBan- Ho BN'bxa CTpyH OT KP BTA Ha BCHYKM BAH ponose na Crpang- xa — Bux6enosuy, 3rypesun, VayHosuu 4 TO crana ucTHHCKO onnueTBopeHue Ha Hapona 1. Tua pogose, ocobexo Bun6enos- unTb, 3ana3sHxa no¥TH HenpeKxcHaTO npesb UbNOTO TYPCKO po6= CTBO He camo 6brrapcKoTO MMe, HO M CTapata BOeHHa Tpaguuna, yracHana 6»p30 Bb Apyru GbnrapckH nokpaiiHMHy. Sanounann cb umeto Béaanu, netomuntb Ha Momunmosna Pon, Opaneliku powb u pomuna OT’ OPuuMaNHH uM HeOuuMaT- HM NOTHCHHKH, HaHACANIM TaKHBa CTpalWwHH NakocTH Ha TYpuMT, 4€ CKOpO 64K HapeueHH OTb THXE , OHHOeNH“ — xunagH MaKoctH. Thspen tputé gpy:kHun Ha Tpumata Gpata Béaane nocpb- WaT’ OpAuTé wa erpatinna noKoputenb Ha Tpakua Tumyptaurb naa 4 nogb AMOosb Bb YNOpHTH MH KbpBaBA GHTKH Cb Hero HO TakaBa CTeneHb mopa3saBaTb BLOOparxenHeTo My u M3BHKBaT BbSXHUWICHHETO MY Cb xpaOpoctbTa CH, Ye TOM Ole OTb OoitHO- TO NONE NovcKand ors cyntaHb Mypana paspeuenne pa o6pa- 3y8a OTb xpaGpuTb HeBbpHMyM CHOMaraTesHM OTpagM 3a CBOaTA Bolicka. Paspeuenweto 6uno nonyyeno, orpanutb 6unu oprann- 3MpaHH WH Hapeuenu BOMHMTaHH, a 3a MpbBb THxeH rnaBa- Tapb 6unb HasHayeH enHHb OTb Opatata Bbasuu. Ore ty» HataTokb Bbasua — BunSenosuvtb cm nonysacan Ha cysita- na. Cy cpou olicky Tb nasaTb rombMHa MAT OT CeBepd RBM Uapurpany. Cp OTpanuTé cu yuactsyBaTb Bb MoxoquTs mp Buena, neo octaBa KOCTH enMHd GnHOenoBCKK riaBatapy. Yua- CTBYBATL Cb TYpuNTS HU BL noxoA~UTs Bb Becapa6us, orb pero npHapyxagatp Kapa XII LUseqckn m0 oTpenenata my Bb [umo- THKa peshnenuns. Camb cesepuuatb Kpanb HM @ MHYCHb FocTh Bb akua,‘Mo6px Tonos’ | Smee Ea Pepoms cb oduuvanunt’ raapatapw Ha BofHuranuTb, no- GytnutTb GHHGeMoBCKH raaBH MKD Cb XalinyulKH YeTH Bb ropa- Ta, Bb KOMTO YeTH He PbAKO yuACTByBATR M >%KeHM, Opanat XpMcTHaHHT OTb PapHa-ropa orb TypcKHTS 3onymu. Taxa, Kato BOMHUrAaHCKA riaBatapH, OTb enva CTpava, M KaTO xataywiKn BOMBORH Bb ropata, OTS aApyra, Th A_pxkaT> NOM’ KpHMOTO CH 6bnrapcKus HyXb Bb HauMa ioro-“3TOKb. Bp 1810 ron., oGaxe, cpOnasHeH OTb npumbpa na [lassantorny Bb Bunnie w Anu nawa Anuucku, Th 3aMeuTaBaTb pa Cb3qanaTh cBoGOnHO ObN- Tapcko uapetso BB CrpanaxKa. 3a tad uenb 1b nOBKO M3TerNATb OTb KbpAKaNHiickuTb Opa XpHCTHAHHTb-kK_pARANHH, Mpe- BpbuyaTb rH now HayanctBoTo Ha Hup»xeTo Bb EQMH> BUA Hapogua Bolicka 4 npesb nbtoTo Ha 1810 ©. AMratTb Bb3cTanne. Ho ppscranHeto Guba »eCTOKO MOTyWeHO. Bb Tus uMeHHO 60p6u 3a cBoOogHa Obnrapcka AbprKaBa p> Crpanmxa, Halt 6nu3KH w HenambunM cBiosHHuM Ha BunOenos- uvtTb cm SrypesuM mM n4mexcknTb Y3yHosun. Penomb env AO apyru Th ce aBaBaTb M Bb ponocnosHata Tabnnua Ha Kapapsata. Ouje He3arnbxHano exoTO OTb BbSCTAHHETO, BOlicKHTb Ha Qn6usa npexocsats H3touwwa Benrapua u Tpakva 4 HeouaKBaHo Ca OT3OBaBaTb npeyb crennTb na Llapurpamb. OpprncKnate MMpb, o6a4e, Ouje nO-HeOuaKBaHoO Typa Kpali Ha OCMHA pyCkH NOXOMb KbMb Bpatata Ha YepHo Mope H pyckuTb Bofickn ce otrernat’ 3an> Jynapa, 6e3> fa MpoMbHATb Bb HBUNO MONO- dKEHMETO Ha XPHCTHAHHTS TyHb. HbuwWo no-NOWIO OPH : 3a XpHCTHa- nurs orp Usrounxa Banrapus, 3a 6bnraputb orb Crpanayxa ocoGeHo, KOHTO OTKPHTO Nocpbuate pycuTb Kato ocpoGoAHTenn HW ABHO Ce MOCcTaBsTS Ha yenyruTb UM, HACTRNBATb CTPAlHH aux. [pend gunemata ga OmpaTb H3OHTH 3a OTMBIEHHe, HIM Ha HanycuaT® ponHuTs cu OrHulja H Aa TbPCATb CMmaceHHe Bb 4uyikna cTpana, Tb npennosntaTe Bropoto. M1 40,000 6barapcnn cemelicrsa noternstb KbM> Becapa6us cnenb pycKuTb Bolickn, a lOronstouna Baarapna, cnegb OpatoyOuiicTBenu Kpamonn 3a HW MPOTHBD NpecenBaheto, HAHOBO NouTH OGesmopsBa. HanoBo, 3aluOTO Ole OTb BpemeTo Ha Exatepuna mu cermacno Helinua nlaWb TOA kpali NepwomnYeCKH Npalija Ha BAHU Ha BbJIHH dKH- renuth cu na cépep. Bt npecenenuata kbM> Becapabus uv lOxna Pycua B3emaTb, yuactve wo xuTennth Ha Pombo 1 Manbkp-Boanpk®, Enxoscko, KOMTO MMeHHO ce cmbraxa 3a KpenoctbTa Ha TbPUH3Ma Bb H3- rounata yacts Ha Enxoscxo- Tomo 3a TEXb, O6aHe, eTO WO Nyuwe Bb kHurata cu ,Bonrapcna Becapaua* (1918 r.) noKoii- nar Ba. [axosuuy, camn 6ecapabeu, 1 nosHapay Ha BENpO- ca 3a npecenennat ,flo npecerennata Bp Pycus npest Tosa ppeme (1792—1802) via cBeneHns, Ye enHa rpyna Obnrapa (M. mony.) orp 143 ayuin ob Kioyyk-Boanbxe (Ogpuncxo), 6bralixkn orb walikuT Ha 4yTOBHH KbpAxKanHa (noTypyeHS ObNrapHH OTb Bpb3HHKd)