GE 6 ART APPRECIATION
adorned because they show
UNIT V- Historical Development of Art
VISUAL ARTS
 Pre- Historic Period (40000 to 4000BC)
o The first art came from the
Paleolithic Era, or during the Old
Stone Age
o The known form of arts during
that era are rock carvings,
pictorial imagery, engravings,
stone arrangements and
sculptures.
o The medium that they used in this
period are pigments that come
from nature and stone carvings
to came mostly representations
of animals, objects and rituals
that is seen during the
civilization’s existence.
 Medieval Period
Middle Ages, or also referred to as
the “Dark Ages”, is the start of the
cultural and economic deterioration.
o The artworks created during this
time mostly reflect darkness, and
most distinguished by grotesque
imagery and harsh scenery.
o The focus of the artworks are
centered on the Church.
o Windows and Silhouettes were
scenes from mythology and
biblical subjects.
 Renaissance Period
o Renaissance art was represented
by the focus on individualism and
nature that can be seen through
their style in painting, decorative
arts and sculpture.
o The height of the Renaissance
period reached Florence, Italy
when the Medici family, a well -
known wealthy merchant
supported arts and humanism.
o Humanism is a belief and
philosophy is focused on the
emphasis of the human realm.
o The key person during this time is
the Italian designer Filippo
Brunelleschi and Donatello who is
a sculptor.
o High Renaissance produced
influential artists such as :
 Leonardo Da Vinci
 Raphael
 Michaelangelo
 o Mannerism
 The clash between the
humanism and Christian
faith gave way to what we
call Mannerism
 Artist during this period
emerged from the ideas if
Raphael and
Michaelangelo
 Baroque Period
o The yielded ornate, extreme
visual arts and architecture are
known as the Baroque Period.
o This period is distinguished by
richness and grandeur,
punctuated by an interest in
widening the human intellect
and discovery.
 St. Paul Cathedral -London
o Artists during this period were
known to be stylistically complex.
o Paintings during this period is
portrayed by drama.
o Most of the painters used intense
contrast between the dark and
light and had extreme
compositions paired by rich color
palettes.
o Most of the painters used intense
contrast between the dark and
light and had extreme
compositions paired by rich color
palettes.
 Rococo Period
o Paris is the origin of the Rococo
Period. This period encompasses
decorative art, architecture,
painting and sculpture.
o The aesthetic brings a softer style
of decorative art compared to
Baroque vivacity.
o This period is characterized by
elegance and lightness; focuses
on the use of asymmetrical
designs, natural forms and subtle
colors.
o The style is easily translated to
porcelain, silver and French
furniture.
 Neoclassicism
o The neoclassical period came
from the elements of the classical
age.
o The artworks that were
discovered from the civilization of
Athens and Naples reignited the
passion for the things in the past,
and artists strove to recreate the
works of ancient art.
 Romanticism
o This period embodied a large
range of disciplines, from
painting, to literature, to music.
o They focused on passion,
sensation and emotion rather
than reason and intellect.
 Contemporary Arts
o The beginning of contemporary
art started during the 1970s.
o Some of the contemporary art
depicts artworks that are related
to skepticism, philosophical
critiques and irony.
o Some are answers to societal
issues like feminist art and street
art or known as the graffiti-like
art.
o Art in this period used to express
thoughts and opinions and
purposely showed to the public.
o The wide use of the World Wide
Web is also dominant during the
contemporary art, they are
known as digital art.
o The medium that they use are
computers, audio, visual software
and pixels.
MUSIC
 Pre Historic Period
o The prehistoric period was the
oldest known song traced back
to 4,000 years ago.
o Man during this time imitates the
sounds around him by using their
hands, voices and feet.
o Through time, they created new
rhythms and sound by using tools
or beating sticks against rocks
and trees.
o They also learned that they can
make sound by the use of their
mouth through humming, whistles
and singing.
o PATTERN SONGS
 Repeat those tones and
sound pattern.
 When they created
patterns songs, they also
began to make special
tools to make sounds, and
that’s what we call now
instruments.
o One of the oldest instruments is
the flute.
o Flute during prehistoric periods
were created from the hollow
bone of a bear.
 Medieval Period
o The Medieval period was focused
on Christianity, as a result of this -
songs during this period was
about God and worship.
o MONOPONY
 Music was only made up
of one melody line with no
background music.
 Monophonic songs are
referred to as Gregorian
chants, it is named after
Pope Gregory, the leader
of the Christian Church
during the medieval
period.
 o POLYPHONY o The most prominent musicians
 Created during the later during this time:
stages of the medieval  VIVALDI
period.
 Polyphony is two melodic
lines heard at the same
time and it is sung or
played in harmony.

 Renaissance Period
 The composer of
o This is known as the period
four season
wherein the great change in
concertos
music happened.
 J.S BACH
o During this period, musicians are
freer to create and show their
individual style in creating music
and arts.

 The maker of many

of the present’s
composing
techniques
o Although, church music or
sacred music was the most
 Classical Period
popular music at that time.
 This period in music lasted for 70
o New instruments were introduced
years; and during this time, there are
and became very popular - lute
many changes in music.
and clavichord.
 During the classical period, they
o Baroque was use to describe a
applied strict rules in music
style that followed the
composition and sounds were
renaissance in European music, it
restrained and balanced.
means “strange” or “excessive”.
 Harmony became popular during
o During this time, music became
this period, this is defined as music
more complex and difficult. The
that has one melody and
music contains more than one
background music.
melody than can be harmonized
 JOSEPH HAYDN
or clash with others.
o Secular music began to be
popular and they invented the
orchestra and opera during this
time.
o Orchestra is the group or
ensemble of musical instruments
playing music together. o The father of the symphony
o Opera is a story with drama and string quartets.
representation that is set to o He is also known as the most
music. influential composer during
this period.
  WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART o LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN

o The most prominent  Became known during

composer during this period. this period and he is
o He composed more than 600 considered as one of the
symphonies, concertos and greatest composers of all
others. time.
 Pianoforte was invented
 Romantic Period during the Romantic
o This period reflected the social Period
and political changes around
the world.  Modern Music
o Musicians and composers o Electric guitar and keyboard
during this time experimented were introduced.
which their music and they o The use of computers became
showed their individual had a huge impact and
creativity. influence on music styles now a
o The dominant feature of day because it allows musicians
music during this period is and composers to manipulate
Melody. sounds.
o They used melodies to express
nationalism, a show of loyalty
to a group of people or to a
country.
o During this period, orchestra
and opera were continually
making a large influence in
the society.
o They introduced a new sound
to the audience and virtuosos
or people who are very skilled
in performing became
popular.
o The most admired virtuosos
are pianist, singer and
violinist.