Year 12

TOPIC TEST – MATHEMATICAL INDUCTION

MATHEMATICS
EXTENSION 1

General instructions Total marks 34

• Attempt question 1-3

• Working time – 1 hour 30 minutes
• Answer questions on sheets of paper
• Write in black or blue pen
• Each part is worth 2 parts
• Calculators may be used

• Show all relevant mathematical reasoning

and/or calculations

• Marks may be deducted for carelessly or

badly

ABC Year 12 Extension 1 Mathematics Topic Test

Question 1 (10 marks)
1
a) Prove by induction that 12 + 22 + 32 + ⋯ + 𝑛2 = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) for all positive
6
integers n

b) Prove by induction that for all positive integers n

∑𝑛𝑟=1 𝑟 2 × 2𝑟 = (𝑛2 − 2𝑛 + 3) × 2𝑛+1 − 6

c) Prove for all integers n≥ 0

i) n3+2n is divisible by 3
ii) 11n+2+122n+1 is divisible by 133

1
d) Prove by induction that 12 + 42 + 72 + ⋯ + (3𝑛 − 2)2 = 𝑛(6𝑛2 − 3𝑛 − 1) for all integers
2
n≥1, given 6𝑘 3 + 15𝑘 2 + 11𝑘 + 2 = (𝑘 + 1)(6𝑘 2 + 9𝑘 + 2)

Question 2 (12 marks)

a) Use induction to show that 2 × 1! + 5 × 2! + 10 × 3! + ⋯ + (𝑛2 + 𝑛)𝑛! = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)! for all
positive integers n

1 1 1 1 𝑛
b) Prove by induction that + + + ⋯ + (2𝑛−1)(2𝑛+1) = for all positive integers n
1×3 3×5 5×7 2𝑛+1

c) i) Explain why for every positive integer, n(n+1) is even

iii) Hence, using induction, prove that for every integer n≥2, n3-n is a multiple of 6

(2𝑛)!
d) Prove by induction 1 × 3 × 5 × … × (2𝑛 − 1) = for all positive integers n
2𝑛 𝑛!

e) Given that Tn=2Tn-1+1 and T1=5, prove using induction that 𝑇𝑛 = 6 × 2𝑛−1 − 1

Question 3 (12 marks)

a) Prove by mathematical induction that for all positive integers n
𝑛
1 − cos (2𝑛𝜃)
∑ sin(2𝑟 − 1) 𝜃 =
2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑟=1

b) i) Show that cot(x)-cot(2x)=cosec(2x)

ii) Hence use mathematical induction to prove that
𝑛

∑ 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐(2𝑟 𝑥) = cot(𝑥) − cot(2𝑛 𝑥)

𝑟=1
For all positive integers n

c) i) Show that sin(2𝑛𝑥) = sin((2𝑛 + 1)𝑥) cos(𝑥) − cos((2𝑛 + 1)𝑥) sin(𝑥)

ii) Hence prove by induction that
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑛𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 + ⋯ + cos((2𝑛 − 1)𝑥) =
2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

ABC Year 12 Extension 1 Mathematics Topic Test

 d) Prove using induction that the sum of the products of all pairs of different integers that can
be formed from the first n positive integers is
𝑛
(𝑛 − 1)(𝑛 + 1)(3𝑛 + 2)
24

END OF EXAM

ABC Year 12 Extension 1 Mathematics Topic Test