REFRACTIVE INDEX Seem il ola)CERTIFICATE This is to certify that PIYUSHH BHUTORIA of class XII-A has completed the physics project entitled “TO FIND THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF DIFFERENT LIQUIDS USING " under the guidance of her physics teacher Mrs and lab assistant Mr The progress of the project has been continuously reported and has been acknowledged consistently. (Physics Teacher)ACKNOWLEDGEME nt | would like to owe the sense of gratitude to our physics teacher Mrs. for her consistent guidance, support and encouragement without which this project would not able to exist in present shape. | would also like to thank our Lab assistant Mr, my parents for their blessings and my friends for their help in order to complete the project.Renae Cre LU igre] — N Ne SL Observation & Calculation C Conclusion a C Precautions ————_ =refractive index of different a: i ip aTHEORY PRISM: 4 prismis a transparent optical element with flat, polished — surfaces that refract light. Prisms can be made from any material that is transparent including glass, plastic and fluorite. A prism can be used to break light up into its constituent spectral colors. Prisms can also be used toreflect light, or to split light into components with different polarizations.REFRAC : The refractive index of the liquid Is given by the formula: 5 sint’t Bm) sini wn sinr Refracted ray) a \ \ fo Ne TeX sh Kee [i085 pris Incident ra Emergent ay y) gent ray Where: F refractive index of the liquidrnz the angle of minimum deviation r= angle of refraction i= angle of incidence A = angle of prism FLUIDS REFRACTI VE INDEX Water 1,33 L Glycerine 1.47 Ethyl Alcohol 1.36 Vegetable Oil 1.45 Acetone 1.36 Hcl 1.34 PROCEDURE# Fix a white sheet of paper on the drawing board with help of drawing pins. Keep the prism and mark the outline of it as ABC. # Drop a normal PQ on the side AB. Draw the angle of incidence in accordance with the normal PQ and place 2 pins so that they appear to be in the straight line. Place the prism filled with given sample of liquid ,on the marked outline ABC. 2 Now take the pins and place them on the side AC so that all the 4 pins appears to be in same line. Remove the prism and draw the line joining the points so obtained.2 Mark the diagram as shown in the figure.S.No} i | e| d) A 1. 35 |48 24 60 2. | 40/52 30 60 3. | 45) 42 25 60 4. | 50 | 36 | 26 | 60 5. 55 | 32 28 60 HClEthyl! alcohol~ CALCULATION | aS H HCL ethyl! alcoholTHE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF ETHYL ALCOHOL e EXPERIMENTAL- 1.36 © CALCULATED- 1.34 THE REFRACTIVE INDEX OF HCL e EXPERIMENTAL- 1.34 ¢ CALCULATED- 1.34PRECAUTION SAngle of incidence should lie b/w 35-60 degree. ¢ Pins should be vertically fixed and should lie in same line. ¢ Distance b/w two points should not be less than 10mm. ¢ Same angle of prism should be used for all observation. ¢ Arrow head should be marked to represent emergent and incident ray.Observation e Benzaldehyde S.no_ | a°(angle of prism)| i ° (angle of incidence) | d° (angle of deviation) 1 60 30 45 2 60 35 42 3 60 37.5 40 4 60 39 42 5 60 40 45 U=sin((60+40)/2)/sin(30) = 1.504 e Water S.no_ ]a°(angle of prism)| i ° (angle of incidence) | d° (angle of deviation) 1 60 30 25 2 60 35 22 3 60 40 20 4 60 45 22 5 60 50. 25 6 60 55 28 U=sin((60+22)/2)/sin(30) = 1,306¢ Dil. Sulphuric Acid S.no | a°(angle of prism) | i ° (angle of incidence) | d° (angle of deviation) 1 60 20 33 2 60 30 30 3 60 35 25 4 60 40 29 5 60 45 30 U=sin((60+25)/2)/sin(30) = 1.351Conclusion Refractive indices at room temperature: ¢ Benzaldehyde o Actual: 1.546 o Experimental: 1.504 ° e Water o Actual: 1.33 o Experimental: 1.306 ° ¢ Dil. Sulphuric acid o Actual: 1.355 a o Experimental: 1.3.“suo|poz1uDjod Juda} Jp ysim syuauodwos o4u) 4461 4yjds of so ‘4461 422/424 04 pasn Bq OS|D UDI SWSI4g “SU0}O2 ;D4JIads yuan414sU0d SL! ou! dn 4461) yDe4uq 04 pasn aq un? wsiud y “ajluon|} pud IW4sD)d ‘ssojb 6Burpnjou juaundsubi, si 4dy4 = |DIuayow Aud wou} apow aq ud2 suisidg “4461 9DUJau soY4 sarpjuns = paysyod = ‘4D YIM = juawiaja joai4do juaupdsupuy v siwsiid y TWSTad AYOSHL