Name: Gabriella Steele

Form: 4-3

Lab. #: 3

Date: May 22, 2022

Topic: Volumetric Analysis

Aim: To determine the mass concentration and molar concentration of HCl that neutralizes

25 cm3 of 0.05M Na2CO3.

Title: Standardising HCl using 0.05M Na2CO3 with methyl orange indicator.

Apparatus & Materials: 25 cm3 pipette, pipette pump, burette, retort stand, HCl, 25 cm3 of

0.05M Na2CO3, conical flask, methyl orange indicator, beaker, white tile

Method:

1. The apparatus was cleaned

2. The burette was conditioned with the HCl and the pipette with the 0.05M Na2CO3.

3. The HCl was poured in the burette with the stop cock closed and the initial volume

was recorded in a suitable table.

4. 25 cm3 of 0.05M Na2CO3 was pipetted into the conical flask and one drop of methyl

orange indicator was dropped in. The conical flask was placed under the burette on

the white tile.

5. The stop cock was opened and while stirring the conical flask and watching

attentively, the HCl was left to pour into the flask until the solution changed colour

from yellow to red fully. When this happened the stop cock was closed and the final

volume on the burette was recorded in a suitable table.

Results:
Trials 1 2 3 4

Initial 0 3.8 14.6 17.3

Volume(cm3)

Final 3.8 6.6 17.3 20.1

Volume(cm3)

Volume of HCl 3.8 2.8 2.7 2.8

used(cm3)

Discussion:

1. 2HCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) —> 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

2. Average Volume= 2.8 cm3+ 2.7cm3 + 2.8cm3/3

Average Volume= 8.3 cm3/3

Average Volume of HCl= 2.8 cm3

3. 25 cm3= (25 cm3/1000) 0.025 dm3

The number of moles = 0.05M x 0.025 dm3

The number of moles Na2CO3 = 0.00125 mol Na2CO3

4. 2 mol HCl: 1 mol Na2CO3

2:1

Therefore

The number of moles HCl= 2 x 0.00125 mol

The number of moles= 0.0025 mol HCl

5. 2.8 cm3= (2.8 cm3/1000) 0.0028 dm3

Molar concentration = 0.0025 mol/0.0028 dm3

Molar concentration of HCl= 0.89M HCl

6. Molar Mass of HCl= 1g/mol + 35.5 g/mol

Molar Mass= 36.5 g/mol

 Therefore

Mass of HCl= 36.5 g/mol x 0.0025 mol

Mass= 0.09125 g of HCl

Mass Concentration= 0.09125 g/0.0028 dm3

Mass Concentration of HCl= 32.59 g/dm3 HCl

Conclusion:

The molar concentration of HCl that neaturalizes 25 cm3 of 0.05M Na2CO3 is 0.89M HCl and

the mass concentration of the HCL is 32.59 g/dm 3 HCl.