Organic Chemistry for Teachers

Experiment number:
3D and 3E

Experiment title:
Separation of Mixtures using Different Techniques

Centrifugation and Chromatography

Submitted by:
John Francis Arlante

Michelle Felomino
 I. Introduction
Sublimation and Deposition processes are changes in the physical state of a
substance or a compound. These two processes both skip a phase (liquid) that occurs in different
directions. Sublimation is a process of transition of a substance directly from the solid phase into
gas or vapor phase without the appearance of liquid state. It is also known as sublime. This
process is an endothermic process which requires the addition of temperature (heat) and pressure
(energy). The reverse process of sublimation is the process of deposition. Deposition is the
process in which a substance changes directly from gas state to a solid state without going
through liquid state. It is a process of exothermic processes in which release of heat takes place.

In general, sublimation refers to a solid to gas state transition followed by a gas

to solid state transition (deposition). Sublimation is like a distillation process, which involves
heating the compounds at a low pressure and condensing it. This can be used as a purification
technique.

II. Methodology
In a clean China dish, five grams of ammonium chloride was poured, and
the china dish was placed in the tripod with a wire gauze and a bunsen burner under it.the china
dish was covered with an invented funnel with a piece of cotton at the end of stem, then, the
bunsen burner was lit up with the use of a match. The ammonium chloride was heated for about
5 minutes. After five minutes, the bunsen burner was turned off to let the ammonium chloride
cooldown
III. Results and Discussion
When the ammonium chloride was heated it started to turn into vapor
without passing into a liquid state. This process which the solid directly changes into vapor
without passing through a liquid state is called “sublimation”. the vapor was seen as it rises in
the china disd, the ammonium chloride became vapor when heated and became solid when it was
cooled down, the ammonium chloride spread to the inside wall of the inverted funnel when the
bunsen burner was turned off and it was called “deposition”.
 IV. Conclusion
To conclude the experiment, sublimation is the process which the solid
directly changes into vapor without passing through a liquid state like what exactly happened in
the ammonia chloride when heated.. The vapor that becomes solid is called “deposition”like the
ammonium chloride that spreads in the inside walls of the inverted funnel.
Here are some ​practical applications of Sublimation

Sublimation and erosion cause ablation, a process that wears down glaciers.

Sublimation of iodine may be used to reveal latent fingerprints on paper.

Sublimation is used to purify compounds. It is especially useful for organic

compounds.

Because dry ice sublimates so readily, the compound is used to produce fog
effects.

V. References
https://www.thoughtco.com/definition-of-sublimation-phase-transition-604665