12/09/2021

1. Definition of a computer
 A computer is a machine which is made by man.
 we can solve sums, check spellings, listen to music, draw pictures and
play games using the computer.

How the computer is working.

1. We can enter data (numbers, words, and pictures) using input devices.

Input devices: Mouse, keyboard, scanner, microphone.

2. Computer converts data into information using CPU.

3. Gives the processed result using output devices.

Output devices: Monitor, Printer, Speaker.

A computer is an electronic device that accepts data, processes

them and gives the result.
A computer System
A complete computer system is made up with Harware, Software & Liveware.

Harware

These are the physical parts of the computer that we can

touch and see.
Examples: Monitor, Printer, Speaker, Mouse, keyboard, scanner, microphone,
CD ROM, Hard disk, Pen drive
Software

A set of instructions that tells the hardware how to perform a

particular task is called software.
Examples: Microsoft word, Microsoft Power point, Paint, MS
Teams, Zoom, Microsoft one note, Microsoft Excel.

Liveware

All the people that use the computer are called liveware.

Examples: Programmers, Graphic designers, Web designers,

Hardware technician, Network engineer, Data entry

operator, System analyser.
 2.Working with Windows
Power button:
We will be using power button to turn on the computer.

Operating system
Operating system is system software that makes the other
programs or applications of the computer run.

Example: Windows (Windows 98, Windows XP, Windows 7,

Windows 10)
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Working with Windows 7

 When we press the power button on the computer it
will make a beep sound.
 The operating system is loading to the computer’s
memory from the hard disk & remains until system is
on.(Booting )
 After turning on the computer the desktop is a
appearing.
Parts of the desktop

Icons
 Icons are the small pictures on the desktop.
 They are representig programs, files and folders.
 We can open them by double clicking on them.
 We call these as “ Shortcuts”
 Examples: Computer, Recycle bin, Documents
 Task bar

Task bar is the long bar at the bottom of the desktop. Some times it
is in blue or black in colour.

Middle section
Start button Quick launch icon
System tray

Start Button
Start button is in the left side of the task bar. When we click on this button we can see the start
menu.

Windows 7 Windows 10

Quick launch Icons

The small icons which are next to start button are called “ Quick launch Icons” . We can open
these icons with a single click.

System tray
System tray is on the right side of the task bar. It contains information about programs running on
the computer, speed of the internet connection also the computer clock.
 Middle section of the Taskbar.

Middle section of the taskbar show us the programs and documents that are
open. We an easily switch between them.

When we open a program or document it will create a button on the taskbar.

The buttons will show the icon and the name of them.

Desktop

Desktop is the primary user interface of a computer. It includes the

background(wallpaper), icons of files and folder. The taskbar is located at the
bottom of the desktop screen.

Minimize Restore down

Title bar

Parts of a Window
Close
File Tab

Ribbon
Tab

Vertical scroll bar

Status bar Horizontal scroll bar

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Special buttons in a window.

1.Minimize button

2.Restore down button

3.Maximize button

4. Close button
Scroll bar
This helps to see the information in a window by scrolling.

Horizonal scroll bar

This hels us to scroll the document from left to right side on the screen. This is apprears at
the bottom of the window.

Vertical scroll bar

This hels us to scroll the document from top to bottom on the screen. This is apprears at
the right side of the window.

Status bar
This bar is at the bottom of the window. It contains the information on number of pages, page
number, number of words etc.

Turning off a computer

Start button > Power option > Shut down

Page 14 – Exercise 1
A)

1. Start button

2. System tray

3. Maximize button

4. Shortcuts

5. Vertical scroll bar