FABRICATION OF FOOTSTEP POWER GENERATOR

MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
MADHAN R (171ME194)
MADHAVAN M (171ME195)
MANI S (171ME198)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BANNARI AMMAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
SATHYAMANGALAM-638401

NOVEMBER 2018
 FABRICATION OF FOOTSTEP POWER GENERATOR
MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by
MADHAN R (171ME194)
MADHAVAN M (171ME195)
MANI S (171ME198)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BANNARI AMMAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institution Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
SATHYAMANGALAM-638401

NOVEMBER 2018
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE.
Certified that this project report “FABRICATION OF FOOTSTEP
POWER GENERATOR” is the bonafide work of “MADHAN R
(171ME194), MADHAVAN M (171ME195), MANI S (171ME198)” who
carried out the mini project work under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
Dr. M. RAVI KUMAR Mr. P.RAJESH KANNA
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT ASSITANT PROFESSOR
Mechanical Engineering Mechanical Engineering
Bannari Amman Institute of Bannari Amman Institute of
Technology Technology
Sathyamangalam-638 401 Sathyamangalam-638 401

Submitted for Viva Voce examination held on ………………

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 DECLARATION

We affirm that the project work titled “FABRICATION OF FOOTSTEP

POWER GENERATOR” being submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of
bachelor of engineering in mechanical engineering is the record of original work
done by us under the guidance of Mr.RAJESH KANNA P, Assistant professor,
Department of mechanical engineering. It has not formed a part of any other
project work(s) submitted fort the award of any degree or diploma, either in this
or another university

MADHAN R MADHAVAN M MANI S

(171ME194) (171ME195) (171ME198)

I certify that the declaration made above by the candidate is true.

SIGNATURE
Mr. RAJESH KANNA P
Supervisor,
Assistant Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Bannari Amman Institute of Technology,
Sathyamangalam.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We would like to enunciate heartfelt thanks to our esteemed Chairman

Dr.S.V.Balasubramaniam, honourable Trustee Dr.M.P.Vijaykumar,
respected principal Dr.C.Palanisamy, for providing excellent facility sand
support during the course of study in this institute.

We are grateful to Dr.M.Ravikumar, Head of the Department,

Department of Mechanical Engineering for his valuable suggestions to carry out
the project work successful.

We wish to express our sincere thanks to the Faculty guide

Mr.RAJESH KANNA P, Assistant Professor, Department of Mechanical
Engineering for his constructive ideas, inspirations, encouragement, excellent
guidance and much needed technical support extended to complete our project
work.

We would like to thank our friends, faculty and non-teaching staff who
have directly and in directly contributed to the success of this project.
 ABSTRACT

In present days power and energy becomes one of the basic

requirements of human life. As the standard of human life have been
changing along with the increase in the human population.So the
requirement for energy also increases propotionally.This project is all
about generating electricity by walking on the footstep.It is non
conventional method.When a person walks some amount of force is
exert on the floor.So the energy went waste only without utilizing.

In this project we are just trying to utilize that waste energy in useful
way by using rack and pionion arrangement.The arrangement is used
to convert the up and downward motion into rotational motion.If we
embed this on floor we can able to acquire sufficient amount of
electrical energy.So we can able to use it for near by applications.It will
be very useful thing for populated countries like India,China etc.
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIG NO NAME OF THE FIGURE PG.NO

3.1 RACK AND PINION 05

3.2 SPRING 06

3.3 DYNAMO 07

4.1 POWER GENERATION USING 08

FOOTSTEP
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER TITLE PAGE NO

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE
DECLARATION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
ABSTRACT
LIST OF FIGURES
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION 01
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT 01
2 LITERATURE REVIEW 03
3 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3.1 RACK AND PINION 05
3.2 SPRING 06
3.3 DYNAMO 07
4 WORKING PRINCIPLE
4.1 WORKING OF THE MECHANISM 08
5 CONCLUSION 10
6 REFERENCE 11
 CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Our aim is to find a alternate energy sources which runs without

inputing any fuel and produce energy without affecting the
environment.Everyone knows that non conventional sources like
coal,petrol and natural gas reaches it final.So most of the people
start using energy which obtain through the solar and wind
energy.Eventhough both are conventional sources of energy.It
mostly depends upon the external factors like intensity of sunlight
and wind speed.Solar energy is completely useless during the
winter and rainy seasons.If there is no enough wind speed
installation of wind energy is also not productive.

The installation of wind energy and solar energy need high cost
to establish it.Our aim is to generate electricity from the footstep
which is the cheapest method and effective method when
compared with the solar and wind energy.we just converting the
mechanical energy into electrical energy by using rack and pinion
arrangement.

1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT

Eventhough non conventional sources are abundant in nature.It

will call of its day at certain period of time.So large number
number developing nations totally depends on the non
conventional sources as the power house of energy.Sothe
diminish of non conventional source of energy will greatly affects
the progress of the developing nations.So most of countries are
ready to find and install alternative and effective method
toproduce energy.Nowdays there is vast development of
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 technologies and education.So there many creative ideas have
been emerging out in a frequent times.one of best creative idea is
power generation using footstep.Its achieved by the rack and
pinion mechanism.Eventhough it is a eco friendly method.It
requires some periodic maintenance.

Eventhough the installation cost is high it can be recovered within

a span of time.Walking is one of common activity in human
life.When a person walks over the spring cladded platform,then
the platform will moves downward due to the weight of the
person.the downward movement of the platform is connected to
rack and pinion mechanism,which converts the back and fro
motion into rotational motion.The rotational motion of the shaft
of a dynamo,produces electricity.The platform is reverts back to
its original position due to the spring.If such a device is
embedded on floors of schools,colleges,malls,railway stations
etc.these are the place where people walks over mostly.so we can
easily generates electricity and use it for the nearby application
like street light etc.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

The research about energy recovery from the footstep is existed

more than years.There many research scholars experiment it to
produce electricity from the footstep and published some journals
on it.Here are some of the the earlier efforts to recover energy
from the footstep

Ramesh Raja,Sherin Mathew [1] have attempted to show the

energy can be produced and used at commonly used footstep.The
generated power can be stored in batteries and used for the the
nearby applications.

“Electricity Generation from footstep;A regenerative energy

resource”by Tom Jose v,Biony Boban,Sijo MT[2] in this
research paper author designed a model made from the stainless
steel,recycled aluminium and recycled car tires and embedded in
the pathway that lights on everytime a step is converted into
energy.Based on their experiment a square of the pathway
produces about 2.1 watts of electicity.

“Power Generation in automobile suspension

system”byC.Nithiyeshkumar,K.Gowtham,M.Manikandan,
T.Manoj kumar[3] in this research paper author studied three
methods of footstep power generation namely piezeoelectric
method,rack and pionion method and fuel piston metod and they
found that rack and pionion method is more efficient than other
three process.

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Aniket Mishra et al[4] presented the energy generated and
produce power by using the speed breaker a power generating
unit.The kinetic energy of the moving vehical can be converted
into the mechanical energy through rack and pinion
arrangement.Then the mechanical energy is converted into
electical energy using the dynamo which will stored in the
batteries.So the energy can be used for the neary applications like
street light etc.

Jose Ananth Vino et al[5] described the simple drive mechanism

which include rack and pinion arrangement.The convertion of
pressure into electrical energy.The power generation is very high
but the installation cost is high.maintenance and lubrication is
required time to time.

Siba brata Mohanty et al [6] proposed for the utilization waste

energy of footstep power into electicity.By converting the force
due to weight into electrical energy by using rack and pinion
arrangements.

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 CHAPTER 3

MATERIALS USED FOR THE FOOTSTEP

POWER GENERATOR

3.1 RACK AND PINION

Rack and pinion gear is used for converting rotational motion into
linear motion.The flat toothed part is the rack and the gear is the
pinion.A rack and pinion gears system is composed of two gears
as shown in figure 3.1.The normal round is the pinion gear and
the straight or flat gear is the rack.The rack has teeth cut into it
and they mesh with the teeth of the pinion gear.Rack and pinion
combinations are often used as part of a simple linear
actuator,where the rotation of a shaft powered by hand or by a
motor is converted to linear motion.In this case footstep force
create back and fro motion which is converted into rotational
motion using footstep.Rack and pinion mechanism provides a
less efficient mechanical advantage than other mechanisms such
as recirculating ball.

Figure 3.1
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 3.2 SPRING
A spring is an elastic object that stores mechanical energy.Spring are
typically made of spring steel.There are many spring designs.When a
conventional spring,without stiffness variability features,is compressed
or stretched from its resting position as shown in figure 3.2, it exerts an
opposing force approximately proportional to its change in length.The
rate or spring constant of a spring is change in the force it exerts,divided
by the change in deflection of the spring.

Figure 3.2

3.3 DYNAMO

Dynamo is an electrical generator.This dynamo produces direct

current with the use of a commutator.dynamo were the first
generator capable of the power industries the dynamo uses
rotating coils of wire and magnetic fields to convert mechanical

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 rotation into a pulsing direct electical current.In this method pinion is
attached to the shaft of the dynamo.when the rack attached to the
platform moves downward which causes the pinion to rotate along
with that shaft of the pinion also rotates.Then the mechanical energy
is converted into electrical energy.

Figure 3.3

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 CHAPTER 4

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF FOOTSTEP POWER

GENERATION USING RACK AND PINION
MECHANISM

4.1 WORKING OF THE MECHANISM

When a person walks over the surface of the footstep power

generator.The load is disturbuted uniformaly over the
plywood.This load causes the spring to compress.the rack is
attached to the base moves linearly downward and rotates the
pinion which is attached to the shaft of the dynamo.Along with
the pinion shaft also rotates.During this process the pinion rotates
in the anticlockwise direction.

After the load is removed from the surface the compressed spring
expand and attain its original state.Now the compressed spring
during downward motion of the surface expands to obtain its
original length causing the surface to rise back.During this motion
the rack moves upward which causes the pinion rotates in the
opposite direction.

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 Thus ,both the motion of rack rotates the pinion in both direction
both in clockwise and anticlockwise direction.The pinion is
coupled to the shaft of the dynamo.

The dynamo capacity used here is 12v.From the dynamo the wire is
taken.These wire are connected to a LEDs,to show the output
power.The generator is used here is 12 volt permanent magnent Dc
generator.The terminal of DC generator is connected to lightning
LEDs.In this method the footstep is directly connected to the rack.The
pinion is coupled to the shaft of the dynamo.Thus the mechanical
energy is convert into electrical energy.

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 CHAPTER 5

CONCLUSION

➢ If we use this project at busy stair place,then we can

produce efficient useful electricity for large purpose.

➢ This project does not reqires any input power and there is
less pollution in this source of energy and it is a eco friendly
method.

➢ It tries to make use of waste energy to generate

electricity.The power generation using footstep get its
energy diminishes the depandances on non renewable
source of energy.

➢ The rack and pinion requires the periodic maintenance by

lubricating it regularly inorder to prevent it from the rust.

➢ Like other renewable sources it does not depends on

external factors like sunlight and wind speed.It will produce
electricity all 365 days.

➢ It is very useful in the places like railways stations,malls.By

storing output power in batteries we can utilize it for further
use and also used for the nearby applications like street light
etc

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 BILL OF MATERIALS.

SI.NO NAME OF THE QUANTITY COST OF THE

COMPONENTS COMPONENT

1 RACK AND PINION 1 120

2 SPRING 2 40

3 DYNAMO 1 90

TOTAL 250

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 REFERENCE

[1] Tom Jose V,Binoy Boban,sijo M T,’’Electricity

Generation from the footsteps,A generative Energy
resources’’International journal of scientific and research
pblication,pp13,March 2013

[2]Siba brata Mohanty,Sasank shehkar panda,’’ AN

INVESTIGATION ON GENERATION OF ELECTICITY
USING FOOT STEP”,International journal of
engineering.science & research technology,May 2014.

[3] S.D Mendhule,v.k knkal,P.M.badwe,”electricity

generation from footstep; a review”,International journal of
engineering,applications & research Technology,ocy 2013.

[4]Aniket Mishra,Pratik kale,”electricity generation from

the speed brakers”The International Journal of Engineering
And science vol 2,issue11,page 25,27,2013.

[5]A.Adhithan,K.vignesh2,M.Manikandan,’’PROPOSED
METHOD OF FOOTSTEP POWER
GENERATION’’,International Advanced Research
Journals in science,Engineering and
technology,vol2,issue4,April 2015.

[6]Rack and Pinon foot step power generation(foot step

power generation system for rural energy application to run
AC and DC loads by G.V ANILKUMAR)

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