VNR VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY HYDERABAD

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

PSOC Assignment-1
I. Short Answer Questions
A) What is the use of heat rate Curve.
B) Define Incremental fuel and Production costs.
C) Two plants generate power as PG1=50MW and PG2=100MW. If the loss coefficients
of the two plants are B11=0.002, B22=0.0015, B12=-0.0011. Find Transmission loss.
D) What are the fuel constraints in Unit Commitment.
E) What are the advantages of Priority- list method in Unit Commitment.
F) Define Minimum up time in Unit Commitment.
G) Define input- output curve of a generating unit.
H) What is the Principle of Dynamic Programming.
I) What is the difference between Non-Reheat and Reheat steam turbine.
J) What is the use of Incremental cost curve.
K) What are the objectives of Hydro-Thermal scheduling problem.
II. Long Answer Questions
1. a) Explain the input-output characteristics of thermal power stations.
b) Two generators rated 250 MW and 500 MW are operating in parallel. The droop
characteristics are 4% and 6% respectively. Assuming that the generators are operating

at 50 Hz at no load, how a load of 750 MW would be shared. What is the system

frequency? Assume free governor action.
2. Explain economic operation of power system with transmission losses is taking into
account and explain the significance of penalty factor.
3. A system consists of two generating plants with fuel costs of
C1=0.03 P2G 1 +15 PG 1 +3.0
C2=0.04 P2G 2 +21 PG 2 +1.2
The system is operating on economical dispatch with 125MW of power generation by
each plant. The incremental transmission loss of plant 2 is 0.12. Find the penalty
factor of plant 1.
4. The fuel inputs per hour of plants 1 and 2 are given as :
F1= 0.2P12+40P1 +120 Rs/hr; F2= 0.25P22+30P2 +150 Rs/hr
Determine the economic operating schedule and the corresponding cost of generation if
the maximum and minimum loading on each unit is 100MW and 25MW. Assume the
transmission losses are ignored and the total demand is 180 MW. Also determine the
saving obtained if the load is equally shared by both the units.
5. a) Explain in detail about the constraints used in economic operation of power System.
b) The Incremental fuel cost of a thermal power plant having two units are given by
dF 1
=0.02 P1+4
dP1
dF 1
=0.024 P2+3.2
dP2
For load demand of 180MW. What is the total saving realized against equal
distribution of power?
6. a) Using dynamic programming method, how do you find the most economical
combination of the units to meet a particular load demand?
b) State the Unit Commitment problem. Explain priority list method of unit commitment
problem in detail.
7. Describe the modelling of Turbine with its block diagram.
8. a) Derive the expression for total transmission loss by using Loss coefficients.
b) Illustrate Optimum generation allocation with line losses neglected.
9. a) Explain the function of various components in Turbine speed governing system
with its diagram.
b) Explain Hydroelectric Power plant models.
10. Two plants generate power as PG1=50MW and PG2=100MW. If the loss coefficients of
the two plants are B11=0.002, B22=0.0015, B12= -0.0011. Find Transmission loss.
11. a) A generating unit has two 200 MW units whose input cost data is as follows.
F1= 0.004P12 + 2.0 P1 + 80 Rs/hr; F2= 0.006P22 + 1.5 P2 + 100 Rs/hr;
For a total load of 250MW, find the load dispatch between the two units for economic
operation.
b) A two Generating plant system having a thermal station near the Load Center
and a hydro power station at remote location is shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1
The system parameters or characteristics are :
 C1= (20+0.03PSG) PSG Rs/hr; W2=Q2=(8+0.002PHG) PHG m3/sec and
2= 5x10-4 Rs/m3.The loss coefficient B22=0.0005, Determine the generation at each
station and the power received by the load when =50 Rs/MWhr.
12) a) The heat rate of a 100MW fuel-fired generator is : 10 MKcal/MWh at 25% of rating
9 MKcal/MWh at 40% of rating; 10 MKcal/MWh at 100% of rating
and the cost of the fuel is Rs. 2 per MKcal. Find (i) Fuel cost at 25, 40, 100% loading
(ii) Incremental cost
b) Explain Short term hydrothermal scheduling with its Flow Chart.