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Becker Smartcom® 150 Leaky Feeder Training
Becker Smartcom® 150 Leaky Feeder Training
Training Manual
V5.15
0.1 150 MHz or 450 MHz?
UHF
VHF
150 MHz Tx
pillar type mines.
455 MHz TX
455 MHz RX
150 MHz Rx
• Line of sight communication (LOS)
UHF
455 MHz TX
455 MHz RX
1.3 Half-Duplex Radio
Radio #1 Radio #2
150 MHz RX 150 MHz RX
170 MHz TX 170 MHz TX
PTT
Mountain
1.4 Leaky Feeder is…?
Leaky Feeder
Cable
Guard Band
transmitter, thus all channels
are at same strong RF power.
• Downstream channels drive Upstream
Local Diagnostic LED’s. • Upstream signals are at different
RF power depending (mainly) on
distance between U/G radio and
LF cable
2.2.1 smartcom® 150 Band pass
RNG-AMP, RIS-AMP Band pass :
Guard Band
RF Power
150-156 172-174
Downstream Upstream
(145-160 MHz) (170-185 MHz)
Frequency
smartcom® 150 Band pass
Downstream Signals
145-160 MHz
Upstream Signals
170-185 MHz
2.2.2 Becker smartcom® 150 Band pass
Guard Band
distance from cable.
All Downstream radio
signals are at the
RF Power
same RF power
Downstream Upstream
Downstream Voice Voice
CMTS 145-160 MHz 170-185 MHz
Upstream 80-110 MHz
CMTS
25-42 MHz
Frequency
Becker smartcom® 150 Band pass
Downstream Signals
145-160 MHz
Upstream Signals
170-185 MHz
2.3 Data – smartcom® + Ethernet
Non-Intrinsically Safe
equipment
VOIP Handset
WLAN
CMI Cable
SP2 Modem
IP Camera
PC
2.4 Data – Low Speed, Mine-Wide Data
1. Low-speed (9600 bps) wireless networks can run over Leaky Feeder.
2. “Master” Radio Modem in Base Station is connected to main PC/PLC.
3. “Slave” units are connected to PLCs or RTUs.
3.0 RF Power Measurement
Gain/
- 9 dB -6 dB -3 dB +3 dB + 6 dB + 9 dB
Loss
IS Systems:
Must be installed on surface (Safe Area).
Non-IS Systems:
Non-IS Systems can benefit from the Base Station
installed underground as all four Head End branches
may be used. This reduces the requirement for U/G
DC supplies and also provides a form of redundancy.
Another benefit of U/G Base Stations is that it
reduces the number of amplifiers in cascade and
thus the noise floor.
4.2 LF Cable Layout
IN> >OUT: -4 dB
-100m/-325ft
IN: 100%> >OUT: 50%
>OUT: -4 dB
SP2 -100m/-325ft
>OUT: 50%
smartcom 150IS
IN> >OUT: -4 dB
-100m/-325ft
>OUT: -4 dB
-100m/-325ft
smartcom® 150/150IS SP2 Splitters
Equivalent to 100m of LF
3m -100m 400m
-100m
+500m
-100m 300m
-100m
300m
5.2 smartcom® 150/150IS SP3 Splitters
smartcom 150IS
IN> >OUT: -4 dB
-100m/-325ft
-8 dB :OUT< >OUT: -8 dB
-200m/-650ft -200m/-650ft
smartcom® 150/150IS SP3 Splitters
Equivalent to 100m of LF
200m
3m -100m 400m
-200m
-200m
+500m
300m
300m
6.0 Amplifier Spacing
3m 400 meters
3m 300 meters
+500 Meters
RNG-AMP/RIS-AMP
300 meters
+500 Meters
3m
400 meters
BSC-AMP
300 meters
300 meters
6.4 150/150IS Amplifier Spacing, Example 2
+500 Meters
3m 400 meters
200 meters
200 meters
RNG-AMP/RIS-AMP/
BSC-AMP
6.5 150/150IS Amplifier Spacing, Example 3
+500 Meters
100m 300 meters
100 meters
100 meters
RNG-AMP/RIS-AMP/
BSC-AMP
6.6 150/150IS Amplifier Spacing, Example 4
+500 Meters
3m 400 meters
100 meters
100 meters
RNG-AMP/RIS-AMP/
BSC-AMP
6.7 150/150IS Amplifier Spacing, Example 5
+500 Meters
100m 300 meters
100m
BSC-AMP 100 meters
3 meters
3 meters
RNG-AMP/RIS-AMP/
BSC-AMP
6.13 Smart Com 150/150IS Amplifier Spacing Quiz
200m
300m
1000m 600m
___m
200m
1
100m
100m
___m
200m
200m
500m
Smart Com 150/150IS Amplifier Spacing Quiz Answers
(2)
(1)
200m
300m
200m
600m
100m
100m
400
___m
200m
400m
100m
100m
100m
7.0 Base Station Installation
Tx0-1
Rx1
DC power cables on opposite
sides of the cabinet.
Tx1
HPF
S S
3 1 2 1
Rx0 -1
2
LPF S
RNG-RF16, RF Distribution
3. Label all cables at both ends.
2 1 75 50
50 75
CO M CO M
1 3 5
Tx0
7
1 2
9 11 13 15 1 3 5
Rx0
7 9 11 13 15
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Tx 0- 16 Rx0 -1 6 1 2 3 4
_
+
Back View
12 Vo lt, 90 Ah, Deep Cycle,
Mai ntena nce-Free
RNG-BAT, Battery Backup Gel-Cell b atte ry
7.3 Base Station Location
TX RX
BSC-AMP Diagnostics:
•Connect the Base-station server to the BSC-Hxx using a null-
modem cable as shown.
Connect to
Server
7.6.9 smartcom® 150 Downstream – RNG-Hxx
Voice Repeater Transmitter DRX Downstream Pilot
Insertion Loss 36 dB
Insertion Loss 6 dB
Insertion Loss 15 dB
BSC-Hxx CMTS Downstream +60 dBmV
Voice: -6 dBm
DRX Pilot: 4 dBm
BSC-HE Pilot: -20 dBm
CMTS Down:+45 dBmV
The new BSC-Hxx head ends have an integrated pilot that can run
along side the old DRX pilot. This means that the BSC-Hxx can provide
remote diagnostics for RNG-AMP, RIS-AMP and BSC-AMP line
amplifiers simultaneously.
7.6.11 smartcom® 150 Channel Plan
Compatible with
BSC-AMP,
RNG-AMP and
RIS-AMP line
amplifiers
smartcom® Channel Plan
BSC-AMP,
RNG-AMP,
RIS-AMP
RNG-AMP, RIS-AMP
BSC-AMP
BSC-AMP, RNG-AMP,
RIS-AMP
7.8 Base Station Power Supplies
RNG-RPT1
(one channel)
RNG-RPT5
(one channel)
RNG-RPT3
(one channel)
7.10 Telephone Interconnects
INT-TEL
supplied by Varis
Distributor
8.0 LF Cable Installation
3m
BS #1 BS #2
RNG-SP2 RIS-SP2
Equivalent Smart- Smart-
H/E 1 LF cable com com
H/E 1
lengths 150/ 450
2 2 (loss) of 150IS
splitter
branches
UHF-SP2
H/E Branch 1, 2 100 m 70 m
(325ft) (230ft)
1 2
smartcom® 150/150IS Splitters have jumpers that can:
§ Terminate an unused/damaged branch.
§ Inject “RF Only” for runs of LF with no amplifiers so
that short circuits in the LF cable will not bring
down the system.
9.3 Three Way Splitter Installation
3
H/E 1 1
H/E
H/E 2
3 2 3 2
1
RNG-TER
Termination Units are
required at the end of
each LF cable to absorb
RF signals, preventing
reflections and “dead
zones”.
RIS-TER UHF-TER
9.5 Stope Antenna Installation
RIS-AN1
• Stope Antennas can be used in place of
Termination Units to increase off-cable
coverage up to 2-3 times.
• Install an amplifier and a length of LF
cable 3 m (10 ft) before the antenna for
best results (ensure previous amplifier is
at least 250 m (820 ft) away).
• Hang Stope Antenna on back with clear
view down drift.
RNG-AN1
9.6 Splice Unit Installation
RNG-SPL
Splice Unit is used for cable
repairs.
RF Loss
RIS-SPL smartcom® 150/ 0.1 dB, 0 m
150IS
RNG-SPL
RIS-SPL
UHF-SPL
smartcom® 450 0.1 dB, 0 m
UHF-SPL
10.0 Amplifier Installation
RNG-AMP
“HEADEND”
terminals connect
to the LF cable
BSC-AMP coming from the
Base Station.
smartcom® 150 Amplifier Installation
RNG-AMP
smartcom® 150
amplifiers have
jumpers which isolate
DC voltage to help
BSC-AMP locate short circuits.
smartcom® 150 Amplifier Installation
Rotary
switch
RF Level adjusts
Gain if in
manual
mode
Used to calibrate in
Manual gain mode.
RNG-AMP/RIS-AMP
Rotary switch adjusts Gain if
in manual mode
RF Level
Jumper is to
select the
TOO HIGH amplifiers mode,
Automatic or
OKAY Manual
TOO LOW Automatic is
recommended
RF High
RF OK Amplifier Gain
RF Low
10.6 smartcom® 150/150IS Amplifier Local Diagnostics
RNG-AMP
BSC-AMP
Every 12 hrs
IS Power
Supply Battery
Status
Should be less
than 15
minutes.
Amber LED OK (any LED Too High Manual Gain Control (MGC)
lit indicated • Increase manual attenuation switch until Green OK LED on. For more accuracy, press and hold
(Previous DC voltage Calibrate button while adjusting attenuation switch.
Amplifier OK) OK) Automatic Gain Control (AGC)
• Key up your radio and press and hold Calibrate button for 2 seconds. Verify OK LED On.
If problem persists:
• Ensure that amplifiers are not spaced too closely
• Ensure that an amplifier is not oscillating due to cable and stope antenna being bundled too
closely.
12.8 Mine-Wide Failure
Short Circuits cause the DC voltage to drop while the DC current increases.
smartcom® 150/150IS
Connect a Spectrum Analyzer to a spare Rx port on RNG-
RF16 or the BSC-Hxx. Monitor the Upstream band (170-185
MHz).
Spectrum
Analyzer
smartcom® 450
Connect a Spectrum Analyzer to a spare Rx port on UHF-
H00. Monitor the Upstream band (450-455 MHz).
12.12 Upstream Band