1.WHAT IS NETWORK?

--collection of devices connected with each other through some media(wired or

wireless) for data communication purpose is called as network.
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2.WHAT IS NETWORKING?
--logically enabling the devices to communicate with each other is called as
networking
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3.PURPOSES OF NETWORK?
i)sharing the data
ii)sharing the resources
iii)sharing the hardware devices
iv)sharing the software
v)saving time for transfering data from one place to another place
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4.WHAT ARE THE COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR CREATING A NETWORK?
--basic components required for creating a network
i)sender
--who transmits the messages

ii)receiver
--who receives the messages transmitted by the sender

iii)media
--the medium over which signal(data) travels from one device to another device
--media are 2 types
a)wired media
--cables are used to connect the devices within the network
--cables may be copper cable or fiber optic cable

b)wireless media
--no cable is used to connect the devices within the network

iv)message
--the data which the sender wants to send and the receiver wants to receive

v)protocol
--protocols are the rules which control the communication process
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5.WHAT IS PROTOCOL?
--protocols are the predefined agreements between the communicating parties for
sucessful communication
--procols govern the communication process
--it is responsible for successful communication
--it defines what to send,how to send and when to send
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6.WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF NETWORKS ON THE BASIS OF MEDIA?
--on the basis of media used networks are 2 types
i)wired network
ii)wireless network
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7.WHAT IS WIRED NETWORK?
--the network where the devices are connected with each other through the cables is
called as wired network
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8.WHAT IS WIRELESS NETWORK?
--the network where the devices are connected with each other through radio waves
is called as wireless netwrok
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9.WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF NETWORKS BASED ON GEOGRAPHICAL COVERAGE?
--on the basis of geographical coverage networks are 5 types
i)PAN
ii)LAN
iii)CAN
iv)MAN
v)WAN

i)PAN(PERSONAL AREA NETWORK)

--any network within 10 meters is called as PAN
--wireless devices are connected with the computer is the example of PAN

i)LAN(LOCAL AREA NETWORK)

--any network within any office or building is called as LAN
--maximum distance=1km
--best for=100m
--example-any office,

iii)CAN(CAMPUS AREA NETWORK)

--any network within any college campus or university campus is called as campus
area network
--it connects the different branches of university

ii)MAN(METROPOLITON AREA NETWORK)

--any network within any city is called as MAN
--maximum distance=100km
--best for=50-60km
--example-cable TV

iii)WAN(WIDE AREA NETWORK)

--any network which spans from one corner of the world to the another corner of
the world is called as WAN.
--WAN has no geographical boundation
--WAN is a technology for connecting remote LANs
--when the LAN coverage ends,WAN coverage starts
--WAN tecgnology is implemented by the service providers
--example is Internet
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10.WHAT IS INTERNET?
--this is the world's largest network
--this is the example of WAN
--this is the source of informations
--it connects several networks
--it spans all over the world
--this is the network of networks
--it is a public network
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11.WHAT IS NIC?
--NIC STANDS FOR NETWORK INTERFACE CARD
--IT IS A PHYSICAL DEVICE USED TO CONNECT DEVICES TO THE NETWORK
--it is of two types
a)wired NIC--RJ-45 connector is present
b)wireless NIC--antenna is present
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12.WHAT IS LINE CONFIGURATION
--the way devices are connected with line or link is called as line configuration
--line configurations are 2 types
i)multipoint line configuration
ii)point to point line configuration
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13.WHAT IS MULTIPOINT LINE CONFIGURATION?
--in multipoint line configuration devices are connected with a single cable
--the bandwidth of cable is divided among no. of devices connected with the cable
--the performance of the network degrades while no.of devices increased
--here the devices are using the shared media
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14.WHAT IS POINT TO POINT LINE CONFIGURATION?
--in point to point line configuration devices are connected with each other
directly
--there is a dedicated link between 2 devices
--the bandwidth of the link is used by only those 2 connected devices
--performance of the network is increased
--it is very costly architecture
--devices uses the dedicated media
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15.DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SHARED MEDIA AND DEDICATED MEDIA?

SHARED MEDIA
--the media whose bandwidth is used by several devices at a time is called as
shared media
--performance of the netwotk degrades when number of devices increased
--its cheaper

DEDICATED MEDIA
--the media which is used by only 2 devices which are connected with it is called
as dedicated media
--performance of the network improves
--but its implementation is costly
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16.WHAT IS TRANSMISSION MODE?
--THE DIRECTION OF SIGNAL FLOW IS CALLED AS TRANSMISSION MODE
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17.WHAT ARE THE TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MODE?
THERE ARE 3 TYPES OF TRANSMISSION MODE
i)SIMPLEX
ii)HALF-DUPLEX
iii)FULL-DUPLEX

i)SIMPLEX
--IT PROVIDES ONE-WAY COMMUNICATION
--SENDER ALWAYS SENDS THE DATA AND RECEIVER ALWAYS RECEIVES THE DATA
--SIMPLEX IS NOT USED IN DATA COMMUNICATION SYSTEM BECAUSE DATA COMMUNICATION
SYSTEM REQUIRES A RETURN PATH FOR ACKNOWLEDGEMENT whther data has been received or
not
--EXAMPLES---TV,RADIO

ii)HALF-DUPLEX
--IT PROVIDES TWO-WAY COMMUNICATION but one at a time EITHER SENDING OR RECEIVING
--EXAMPLE--WALKIE-TALKIE

iii)FULL-DUPLEX
--IT PROVIDES TWO-WAY COMMUNICATION BOTH AT A TIME SENDING AND RECEIVING
--EXAMPLE--TELEPHONE
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18.WHAT IS INTRANET?
--network within the network is called as intranet
--every organization has their own intranet
--it is a private network
--it provides secure way of data communicaion
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19.WHAT IS EXTRANET?
--extranet is the the extension of intranet where some authorized business partner
can access some resources of intranet with limited permission
--it is also a private network
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20.WHAT IS internet?
--network between different networks
--it can be private or public