WELCOME TO

Department of Computer Science and Engineering

Course Name: Differential and Integral Calculus
Course Code: MATH 207
Md. A.Malek PK.
Sr. Lecturer in Mathematics
Basic Science Division
World University of Bangladesh
 Topics name: Differentiability

Learning objectives:
1) Define differentiability.
2) Test the differentiability of the function.
 Differentiability

 Derivative of a function: Let 𝑓(𝑥) is defined at 𝑥 = 𝑎. Then

𝑓 𝑥 + ℎ − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = lim
ℎ→0 ℎ
is called the derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) at 𝑥 = 𝑎 provided the limit exists.

 A function 𝑓(𝑥) is said to be differentiable if 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝐷 = 𝐿. 𝐻. 𝐷

 If a function 𝑓(𝑥) is differentiable at 𝑥 = 𝑐 then 𝑓(𝑥) is continuous at 𝑥 = 𝑐.

 Differentiability
Example 1. Test differentiability at x = 1 and x = 2 for the function

5x − 4; 0<x≤1
f x = 4x 2 − 3x; 1 < x < 2
3x + 4; x≥2
Solution: At x = 1:

f x + h − f(x)
Rf ′ x = lim+
h→0 h

f 1 + h − f(1)
⇒ Rf ′ 1 = lim+
h→0 h

4 1+h 2 − 3 1 + h − 5.1 − 4
= lim+
h→0 h

4 + 8h + 4h2 − 3 − 3h − 1
= lim+
h→0 h
 Differentiability
4h2 + 5h
= lim+
h→0 h

h 4h + 5
= lim+
h→0 h

= 𝑙𝑖𝑚+(4ℎ + 5)
ℎ→0

= 4.0 + 5 = 5

𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒉 − 𝒇(𝒙)
∴ 𝑳𝒇′ 𝒙 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦−
𝒉→𝟎 𝒉

𝑓 1 + ℎ − 𝑓(1)
⇒ 𝐿𝑓 ′ 1 = lim−
ℎ→0 ℎ

5 1 + ℎ − 4 − 5.1 − 4
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚−
ℎ→0 ℎ
 Differentiability

5 + 5h − 4 − 1
= lim−
h→0 h
5h
= lim−
h→0 h

= lim− 5
h→0

=5
Since Rf ′ 1 = Lf ′ 1 , so f(x) is differentiable at x = 1.

At x = 2:

f x + h − f(x)
Rf ′ x = lim+
h→0 h

f 2 + h − f(2)
⇒ Rf ′ 2 = lim+
h→0 h
 Differentiability
3 2 + ℎ + 4 − 3.2 + 4
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚+
ℎ→0 ℎ
6 + 3ℎ + 4 − 10
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚+
ℎ→0 ℎ
3ℎ
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚+
ℎ→0 ℎ

= 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 3
ℎ→0

=𝟑

𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒉 − 𝒇(𝒙)
∴ 𝑳𝒇′ 𝒙 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦−
𝒉→𝟎 𝒉

𝑓 2 + ℎ − 𝑓(2)
⇒ 𝐿𝑓 ′ 2 = lim−
ℎ→0 ℎ
2
4 2+ℎ − 3(2 + ℎ) − 3.2 + 4
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚−
ℎ→0 ℎ
 Differentiability
16 + 16ℎ + 4ℎ2 − 6 − 3ℎ − 10
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚−
ℎ→0 ℎ

4ℎ2 + 13ℎ
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚−
ℎ→0 ℎ

ℎ 4ℎ + 13
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚−
ℎ→0 ℎ

= 𝑙𝑖𝑚− 4ℎ + 13
ℎ→0

= 𝟏𝟑

Since 𝑹𝒇′ 𝟐 ≠ 𝑳𝒇′ 𝟐 , so 𝒇(𝒙) is not differentiable at 𝒙 = 𝟐.

 Differentiability

Example 2. Test differentiability at 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 1 for the function

𝑥 2 + 1; 𝑥≤0
𝑥; 0<𝑥<1
𝑓 𝑥 =
1
; 𝑥≥1
𝑥
Solution: At 𝑥 = 0:

𝑓 𝑥 + ℎ − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑅𝑓 ′ 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+
ℎ→0 ℎ

𝑓 0 + ℎ − 𝑓(0)
⇒ 𝑅𝑓 ′ 0 = 𝑙𝑖𝑚+
ℎ→0 ℎ

0 + ℎ − 02 + 1
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚+
ℎ→0 ℎ
 Differentiability
1
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚+ 1−
ℎ→0 ℎ

=−∞
Since 𝑹𝒇′(𝒙) does not exist, hence 𝑓 𝑥 is not differentiable at 𝒙 = 𝟎.

At 𝒙 = 𝟏:

𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒉 − 𝒇(𝒙)
𝑹𝒇′ 𝒙 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦+
𝒉→𝟎 𝒉

𝑓 1 + ℎ − 𝑓(1)
⇒ 𝑅𝑓 ′ 1 = lim+
ℎ→0 ℎ

1 1
−1
= lim+ 1 + ℎ
ℎ→0 ℎ
 Differentiability
1−1−ℎ
= lim+
ℎ→0 ℎ 1+ℎ

−ℎ
= lim+
ℎ→0 ℎ 1 + ℎ

−1
= lim+
ℎ→0 1+ℎ

= −𝟏

𝒇 𝒙 + 𝒉 − 𝒇(𝒙)
𝑳𝒇′ 𝒙 = 𝐥𝐢𝐦−
𝒉→𝟎 𝒉

𝑓 1 + ℎ − 𝑓(1)
⇒ 𝐿𝑓 ′ 1 = lim−
ℎ→0 ℎ

1
1+ℎ −1
= 𝑙𝑖𝑚−
ℎ→0 ℎ
 Differentiability

1+h −1
= lim−
h→0 h
1+h−1
= lim−
h→0 h

= lim− 1
h→0

=1

Since Rf ′ 1 ≠ Lf ′ 1 , so f(x) is not differentiable at x = 1.

 Differentiability
1
Home work : Consider the function 𝑓 𝑥 = (2𝑥 − 3) . Discuss the continuity and
5
3
differentiability at 𝑥 = .
2
Home work : Test differentiability at 𝑥 = 0 and 𝑥 = 1 for the function

𝑥 3 + 2𝑥; 𝑥≤0
𝑥 − 2; 0<𝑥<1
𝑓 𝑥 =
1
; 𝑥≥1
𝑥 + 𝑙𝑛𝑥