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kf6L{sf dxf;lrj ljKnjn] s'g} klg lnP/ kf6L{ ;+;b\jfbL eof] eGg]
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k'gM bf]xf]¥ofPsf 5g\ . g]skfåf/f ;+;b\jfbL eP eGb} sGrg – ;'bz{gn]

lalxaf/ bfªsf] 3f]/fxLdf cfof]lht kf6L{ km'6fpg] sfo{nfO{{ cj;/jfbL

/fKtL :t/Lo s]Gb|Lo /fhgLlts tyf sbdsf] ePsf] atfP . pgn] sGrg–
j}rfl/s k|lzIf0fnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ ;'bz{gsf] kf6L{ km'6kl5sf] /fhgLlts
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:6]6 kf6{g/;Lk k|f]u|fd -P;kLkL_ ;Demf}tf c:jLsfo{

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n]
;/sf/nfO{{ :6]6 kf6{g/l;k k|fu] fd -
P;kLkL_ c:jLsfo{ ePsf] atfpFb} pQm
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5 . ;f] kf6L{sf k|jQmf k|sf08n]
d+unaf/ Ps lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ ;f]
va/bf/L u/]sf x'g\ . k|jQmf k|sf08n]
pkl:yltnfO{{ dha'bF agfpFb} cfˆgf
ultljlwx? a9fO{ /x]sf] / o;n]
Psflt/ s'6gLlts dfldnfsf] lvNnL
p8fPsf] 5 eg] csf]l{ t/ g]kfnsf]
/fli6« o :jfwLgtf / ;fj{ e f} d
clwsf/dfly v'nd\vn ' f wfaf af]ns ] f]
7f]sj' f u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] b]znfO{{ o'4sf]
va/bf/L;d]t u/]sf 5g\ .
o; ljifodf g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf k|jQmf k|sf08n] hf/L u/]sf]
lj1lKt o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 – æxfn}
cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms
sdf08sf k| d ' v hg] { n rfN;{
PGyf]gLlkmlng\n] u/]sf] g]kfnsf] ljz]if
/fi6«3ftL Pdl;l; ;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6
kfl/t ul/;s]kl5 g]kfndf cd]l/sfn]
cfˆgf] k|ToIf pkl:yltnfO{{ dha'bF
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5 . o;n] Psflt/ s' 6 gLlts
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csf]l{ t/ g]kfnsf] /fli6«o :jfwLgtf /
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cfTd;dk{0fjfbL rl/qsf sf/0f
b]znfO{{ o'qm]g agfOFb} 5 . b]znfO{{ o'4sf]
df/df km;fpg] if8\oGqnfO{{ cFWof/f]
sf]7faf6 :jLs[t lbg] z]/axfb'/ b]pjf
u7aGwg ;/sf/sf] o; k|sf/sf]
xs{tn] d'ns ' sf] ;fj{ef}d clwsf/dfly
kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| dsf] -P;kLkL_ !) a'bF ]
;Demf}tf k|:tfj g]kfnL hgtf / /fi6«sf
lj?4 ePsfn] ;Dk" 0 f{ Gofok| ] d L
hg;d' b fox? Pstfa4 x' g /
;fd|fHojfbL x:tIf]ksf] lj/f]w ug{ xfd|f]
kf6L{ ljz]if ckLn ub{5 .Æ
o;}aLr, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] :6]6

Pdl;;L ;}Go /0fgLlt;“u ;DalGwt ePsf] k|dfl0ft

sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]lGb|o ;b:o O{Zj/ kf]v/]n / ljb]zdGqL k|bLk 1jfnL lyP Tolta]nf g}
cf]dk|sfz k'gn] Pdl;;L ;}Go /0fgLlt;Fu ;DalGwt ePsf] g]kfnn] P;lklksf] nflu k|:tfj u/]sf] /x]5 .Ú
ljifo P;kLkLkLsf] k|:tfj;Dd cfOk'Ubf k|dfl0ft ePsf] g]tf k'gn] g]kfnL ;]gfsf k"j;{ g] fklt k"0f{rGb| yfkfsf] sfo{sfndf

cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms
sdf08sf k|dv ' hg]n { rfN;{ PGyf]gL
lkmnLgn] g]kfnsf] /fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL
/ k|wfg;]gfklt;Fu ;]gfsf] d'Vofnodf
e]63f6 u/L :6]6 kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| dsf]
-P;kLkL_ !) a'bF ] ;Demf}tfsf] k|:tfj
u/]sf] atfpFb} /fi6«3ftL Pdl;l;
;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6 kfl/t ul/;s]kl5
g]kfndf cd]l/sfn] cfˆgf] k|ToIf
df/df km;fpg] if8\oGqnfO{{ cFWof/f]
sf]7faf6 :jLs[t lbg] z]/axfb'/ b]pjf
u7aGwg ;/sf/sf] o; k|sf/sf]
xs{tn] d'ns' sf] ;fj{ef}d clwsf/dfly
7"nf] r'gf}lt v8f ePsf] atfpFb}
/fli6«otf h:tf] clt ;Dj]bgzLn
ljifodf ;d]t xNsf 9Ësf] lng] b]pjf
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e|d0fk|lt xfd|f] kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f ePsf] 5 .
cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] Pl;of Kofl;lkms
sdf08sf k|dv ' hg]n { rfN;{ PGyf]gL
lkmlng\n] g]kfnsf] /fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL
/ k|wfg;]gfklt;Fu ;]gfsf] d'Vofnodf
e]63f6 u/]sf 5g\\ . pgn] :6]6
kf6{g/l;k k|fu] fdsf] -P;kLkL_ !) a'bF ]
;Demf}tfsf] k|:tfj u/]sf 5g\\ . d'Vot;\
atfPsf 5g\ . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{åf/f P;lkkLlj?4 a? P;lklknfO{ cl3 a9\g /f]ss ] f] b]lvof], of] b]zelQmk"0f{ sfd xf],
sf7df8f}dF f cfof]lht lj/f]w;efnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ g]tf k'gn] xfdLn] o;sf] k|;z
+ f u5f},{ k|d] l;+x a:Gofth:tf cjsfz k|fKt
;f] s'/f atfPsf x'g\ . pgn] eg] æPdl;;L kf; ubf{ klg clkm;/x? clxn] klg /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] dfdnfdf nl8/xg' ePsf]
g]kfnsf s]xL bnfn zf;sx?n] of] ljz'4 cfly{s 5, xfdLn] xfd|f] b]zsf] cl:tTj ;+s6df kg]{ a]nf Psh'6 x'g h?/L
kl/of]hgf xf] eGy], xfdLn] Tolt a]n} of] ;}Go /0fgLlt;Fu 5, cfOkbf{ /fli6«o k|lt/f]w o'4 ug{' kg]{ x'G5 .Ú
;DalGwt 5 eg]/ lj/f]w u/]sf lyof} t/ clxn] P;kLkLsf] uf] Jofs cd]l/sf, Pdl;;L xfdLnfO{{ rflxFb}g, P;lkkL
k|:tfj;Dd cfOk'Ubf Tof] k|dfl0ft ePsf] 5 .Ú d'bf{jfb, bnfn ;/sf/ d'bf{jfb eGb} gf/fh'n;' ;lxt ;Dkg
g]tf k'gn] eg]– …Pd;L;L b]zla/f]wL 5 eGg] s'/f k|:6 sfo{qmddf g]skfsf s]lGb|o ;b:ox¿ clgn zdf{ lj/xL, lr/g
x'Fbfx'Fb} JofVofTds 3f]if0fsf] gf6s d~rg u/]/ kf; ul/of] k'g, /fdnfn ljZjsdf{, cf:yfsf] pkl:yt /x]sf] lyof] eg]
h;sf] g s'g} /fhgLlt a}wtf 5, g t sfg'gL ?kdf g} o;sf] sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf s]lGb|o pkfWoIf
s'g} cf}lrTo 5 . hlta]nf k|wfgdGqL cf]nL, /Iff dGqL g/]Gb| ljZjsdf{n] u/]sf lyP .
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af]ns ] f] 5 . of] lgs} 3fts?kdfcfPsf] h:tf] clt ;Dj]bgzLn ljifodf ;d]t ;+3if{sf] yfngL u/]sf] 5 . h;cGtu{t
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lj/f]w / eT;{gf ub{5 . !) a'bF ] ;Demf}tf gug{ xfd|f] kf6L{ / zlgaf/ zx/ / ;b/d'sfdx?df
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t'n;Lk'/ pkdxfgu/kflnsf–!@ a:g]
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k|lta4 5 . ;lxbsf ;kgf k"/f
ul/5f8\5f} a? alnbfg g} ug{ lsg
gk/f]; .Ú
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tf/fb] j _ sf 5f] / f xfn g] k fn
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:jLs[t e};s]sf] eg]sf 5g\\ eg]
k|wfgdGqL b]pjfn] ;Qf u7aGwgsf
g]tfx?;Fusf] a}7sdf cfk"mn] To:tf]
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ePsf] 5 . ptf at{dfg ;/sf/sf
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k|wfg;]gfkltx?n] cd]l/sfn] To:tf]
k|:tfj u/] klg g]kfnn] :jLsf/
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Pd;L;Ls}h:tf] e'ne'no} fd} kfl/t x'g]
;+ s ] t b] l vPsf] 5 . ljjfbf:kb
cd]l/sL of]hgf Pd;L;L g]kfnsf]
;+;b\af6 kfl/t ePsf] gf6sLo 3f]if0ff
ul/Pkl5 cf}krfl/s?kdfg} g]kfn
cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf] k~hfdf
km;]sf] Tolta]n} klg rrf{ kl/rrf{x?
ePsf x'g\ . Tolta]nf ;+;b\af6
Pd;L;L kfl/t ug{ slthgf ;f+;bn]
x:tfIf/ u/]sf lyP < eGg] s'/f
xfn;Dd klg v'Ng ;s]sf] 5}g .
To;}u/L ca cd]l/sfn] yk ;Demf}tf
u/] / :6] 6 kf6{ g /l;ksf gfddf
cfk"mnfO{{ g]kfndf :yflkt u/fpg]
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ut dlxgf g]kfn e|d0fdf cfPsf
cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] Kofl;lkms sdflG8ª
hg/n rfN;{ P lˆngn] pQm
;Demf}tfdf g]kfnn] rfF8} x:tfIf/
ug{'kg]{ bafa lbPsf] ;dfrf/ aflx/
cfPsf] lyof] . t/, g]kfnsf] /Iff
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cfk"mx?nfO{{ hfgsf/L g/x]sf] atfpg]
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g]kfnL ;]gfsf k|wfg;]gfklt k|e/' fd
zdf{sf] cd]l/sf e|d0fsf] ;+of]hg eg]
g]kfnsf] /Iff dGqfno / cd]l/sfsf]
/Iff dGqfno -k]G6fug_ n] ul//x]sf]
b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfn e|d0fsf qmddf
8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f
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e/kbf]{ :yn ;]gfsf?kdf ;Daf]wg
u/]sf] b]lvPsf] lyof] . t/, g]kfnL
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cgf}krfl/s?kdf cd]l/sfnufotsf
ljb]zL ;}lgsx?sf] SofDk g]kfnsf]
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b]lvPsf] 5 . ef]ln To:tf] t}gfyL
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g] k fnsf] lqe' j g cGt/f{ l i6« o
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P;kLkLkL ;Demf}tf tTsfn vf/]h u/ s]lGb|o ;b:o tyf sf7df8f}F lhNnf
OGrfh{ dfOnf nfdfn] cd]l/sL ;]gfsf
hg]n { tyf lxGb k|zfGt If]qsf ;}Go
u7jGwg ug{ u}/x]sf 5g\ . :6]6
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sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . pbok'/sf]
;b/d'sfd ufO{3f6sf] hnhn] ahf/
5 . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} g]skfsf lhNnf
;b:o lzlz/n] g]kfndf /fi6«3ftL
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6 kf; u/]/
cd]l/sfn] g]kfndf cfˆgf ;]gf leq\ofpg] of]hgfcg';f/ :6]6 kf6{g/;Lk
sdfG8/ rN;{ P lˆnk g]kfn e|d0fdf / k|wfgdGqLsf] cd]l/sf e|d0f u/fpg kl/qmdf u/L ahf/sf] lkkn rf]sdf g]kfn / g]kfnLdfly 7"nf] /fi6«3ft
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cd]l/sL /Iff dGqfno k]G6fug / g]kfnL ;]gfaLr x'g] elgPsf] :6]6 sfof{no 3]/fp sfo{qmdnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ljleGg afxfgfdf x:tIf]k u/]sf]
kf6{g/;Lk k|f]uf| d -P;kLkLkL_ ;Demf}tfsf] d:of}bf aflxl/P;Fu} g]kfnL ub}{ cd]l/sL k|eT' j :jLsfo{ x'g\ g;Sg] ljifodf lautb]lv g} Pd;L;L ;+emf}tf
/fhgLlts a[Q t/+lut ePsf] 5 . g]kfnL ;]gf / cd]l/sL /Iff dGqfnoaLr eGb} b]zk|lt 3ft ug{e ' Gbf dg{' j]z g]kfnsf] /fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] kIfdf,
x'g] elgPsf] P;kLkLkL ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ eP g]kfnsf] h'g;'s} e"–efudf ePsf] atfPsf x'g . sfo{qmdnfO{{ g]kfnL hgtfsf] kIfdf, g]kfnsf] ljsf;
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e"efu ePsf If]qdf ;+oQ' m k|lzIf0f cEof; ug],{ g]kfndf ljkb\ Joj:yfkgdf b]zk|lt 3ft ug{e ' Gbf dg{' j]z x'G5, ug{'kg]{ dfu;lxt g]skfn] lg/Gt/
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l;kfxLnfO{{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] g]zgn l8km]G; cfdL{ sf]if{df ;xefuL u/fpg] eUgfjz];df jblnPsf 5g\, cd]l/sf ?kdf, tflndsf ?kdf kl/rfng u/]/
pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . o:t}, g]kfnL ;]gfn] dfu]cg';f/ xNsf Pj+ sd 3fts g]kfnnfO{{ klg To:t} eofjx åGådf /0fd}bfg agfpg vf]hs ] f] atfP . ;fy}
;}Go ;fdu|Lx? cd]l/sfn] pknAw u/fpg] / g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ k|ltcft+sjfb k'¥ofpg rfxG5 t/ xfdLnfO{{ cd]l/sL lgs6 ela:odf g]kfnL ;]gf k|dv ' tyf
OlG6lnh]G; Ifdtf a9fpg ;xof]u ug]{ pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . k|:tfljt k|eT' j :jLsfo{ 5}g, b]zsf] :jfwLgtfsf g]kfnLsf] k|wfgdGqL cd]l/sfsf]
;Demf}tfdf g]kfnL ;]gfn] lnlvt cg'/f]w u/]/ nlhli6s ;xof]u dfu]df nflu clGtd;Dd n8\5f} .Ú cd]l/sL ;]gfsf lxGb k|zfGt sfo{qmddf dfcf]jfbL dhb'/ kf6L{sf] e|d0fdf hfg nfUg'sf] k5fl8 s]xL g
g]tf nfdfn] k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ sdfG8/ lˆnkn] s]xL lbg klxn] cfˆgf] klg ;xefuL /x]sf] lyof]] eg] ;efnfO{{ s]xL /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf x'g nu]sf] ;d]t
cd]l/sL kIfn] ;xhLs/0f ul/lbg] / To:t} cd]l/sL ;]gfn] klg g]kfnL b]pjf / s]kL cf]nLn] g]kfnsf hgtfn] e|d0fsf] qmddf ef/tLo ;]gfsf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o atfP . /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L ;+emf}tfsf]
;]gfn] k|of]u u/]s} d"Nodf nlhli6s ;kf]6{ kfpg] pNn]v 5 . cd]l/sL g]zgn Pdl;;L gk9\sf]n] la/f]w ul//x]sf 5g\ clwsf/Lx?;Fu e]6/] blIf0f Plzofdf tyf cf]vn9'u+ f, pbok'/ lhNnf OGrfh{ gfddf lbglbg} cd]l/sg ;]gf /
uf8{n] ljb]zaf6 g]kfndf NofPsf] ;fdu|L tyf g]kfnleq} k|fKt u/]sf] ;DklQ eGg' eg]sf] hgtfnfO{{ u'nfd / c1fgL ;}Go ;fem]bf/L ug]{ k|:tfj u/]sf] / ljj]s s'dfnn] ;Daf]wg u/]sf lyP . xftxltof/ lelqg'n] klg g]kfnLsf]
cflbdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] s/ 5'6 lbg] klg elgPsf] 5 . ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ 7fGg' xf] eGb} pgn] eg]– …b]pjf cf]lnn] g]kfnnfO{{ klg ;}Go ;xsfo{sf nflu g]tf s'dfnn] pQm ;efnfO{{ ;Daf]wg cj:yf lgs6 elj:odf o'qm]g eGbf
eP cd]l/sL g]zgn uf8{n] g]kfnsf] sfg"gadf]lhd x'g]u/L g]kfnL ;]gfsf Pdl;;Laf/] g]kfnsf g]tfx?n] k9]s k|:tfj u/]sf] eGb} g]tf k'gn] eg]– ub}{ Hofg uP klg /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L 8/nfUbf] x'g] ;d]t atfP .
5}gg\ eg]sf 5g\ d pxfx?nfO{{ r'gf}tL …cd]l/sL ;]gfsf hg{nn] ef/tsf ;}Go ;Demf}tf sfo{gog ug{ glbg] atfP . sfo{qmddf g]skf ?kGb]xL lhNnf
Jof/]sx? g]kfnL ;]gfn] h:t} u/L k|of]u ug{ kfpg] 5g\ . oL ;a} tYo x]bf{ lbP/ eG5' tkfO{x+ ? h:tf nfrf/ / clwsf/L;Dd e]6] klg k|wfgdGqL / a? b]zsf nflu hLjg alnbfg u5f}{ ;]qm]6/L ljZjf;nufot lhNnfsf g]tf,
cd]l/sf g]kfndf cfˆgf] ;}Go cv8f hdfpg nflu k/]sf] k|dfl0ft x'G5 . b]zb|fx] L g]tfx?eGbf of] df6f]nfO{{ dfof /fi6«kltnfO{{ e]6g\ ;s]gg . t/, oxfF t t/ Pd;L;L sfof{Gjog x'g glbg] sfo{stf{;lxtsf] pkl:ytL /x]sf] lyof] .
h'g cfd:jfledfgL g]kfnLnfO{{ ;}Xo x'g] ljifo xf]Og . t;y{, ;/sf/n] ug]{ dhb'/ ls;fg / b]zeQmx?n] s}of}+ k|wfgdGqLb]lv /fhgLlts bnsf kf6L{sf] gLlt /x]sf] s'/fdf hgtfnfO{{ sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng g]skf lhNnf
cd]l/sfsf] g]kfnnfO{{ cfˆgf] ;}Go cv8f agfpg] if8\oGq tTsfn rsgfr'/ u'0ff k9]sf 5g\, Pdl;;L a'em]sf 5g\ . g]tfx?nfO{{ ;d]t e]6/] s'/fsfgL u/], s] 9'Ss x'g cfu|x u/] . ;fdflhs bnfn ;b:o tyf ltnf]Qdf gu/ ;]qm]6/L
kfg{s' f] lasNk 5}g . cGoyf cfd:jfledfgL gful/s cd]l/sfsf] of] xs{t a? tkfO{+x?sf] JolQmut :jfy{n] g]kfnsf ;}Go clwsf/Lx?n] cd]l/sfsf ;+;bLo Aoa:yf /x];Dd hgtf s'g} lj1fgn] u/]sf lyP .
tkfO{x+ ? hgtfnfO{{ d"v{ b]Vb} x'gx' G' 5, /fi6«kltnfO{{ e]6/] jftf{ ug{ ;S5g\ <Ú klg ;Í6 d'lQm gkfpg] ePsf]n] ca o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
/ ;/sf/sf] lg/Lxtfkgla?4 ;8sdf cf]n{g afWo x'g] 5g\ / ;8saf6} Oltxf;n] o;sf] /fd|/L hjfkm lbg]5 . g]tf k'gn] eg] – lxhf] g]kfnsf] g]kfnL hgtf r'krfk nfu]/ a:g gx'g] slknj:t'åf/f /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L
cd]l/ls bfpk]r / To;nfO{{ e/y]u ug]{ g]kfnsf /fi6«3ftL / hg3ftL pQm sfo{qmdnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ ;+;b\df Pshgf ;f+;bn] g]kfndf % / a? ;a} nfu]/ l56f]eGbf l56f] ;Demf}tflj?4, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no
/fhgLlts bn, ltgsf g]tf / b]zL–ljb]zL bnfnx?nfO{{ v/fgL kfg]{5g\, g]skfsf s]lGb|o ;b:o cf]dk|sfz k'gn] xhf/ cd]l/sL ;]gf c3f]lift ?kdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgf u/L b]znfO{{ 3]/fp sfo{qmd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .
r]tgf eof . Pdl;l;sf] kIfdf jsfnt ug]{ g]kfnL /x]sf] eg]/ k|Zg p7fPsf 5g\ . of] s] j} b ] l zs x:tIf] k / ;fdflhs sfo{qmd a'4kbdf lkmN8af6 ¥ofnL ub}{
sfFu; ]| sf g]tf uug yfkfnfO{{ rf/ kf6] xf] < o;}u/L Ps csf]{ ;'rgfcg';f/ bnfnx?sf] cGofoaf6 d'Qm u/fpg' lhNnf k|zf;g sfo{no 3]/fp ul/Psf]
sGrg u'6df uPsf o'jf g]tf g]skfdf kmls{P d'8/] yfgsf]6 s6fpg] a]nf eof] ls
ePg eg]/ k|Zg u/]sf lyP . g]tf
k'gn] g]kfnsf] ;+;b\n] Pdl;;L kf;
cd]l/sfn] blIf0f Plzofdf @) xhf/
c0f' ad la5\ofsf] / o'4sf] tof/L
ul//x]sf] eg]/ ;d]t s'/fx? cfO/x]sf
kg]{ s'/f OGrfh{ ljj]ssf] egfO{ lyof] .
pQm sf]0f;efdf ;Daf]wg ub}{ >lds
;d'bfo g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o /fds[i0f
clvn -qmflGtsf/L_ s]lGb|o ;lrjfno
;b:o la1fg If]qLn] atfP . k|zf;g
3]/fp sfo{qmddf af]Nb}, lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6 oxfF;Dd cfOk'u]sf] s'/f ;j{ljlbt}
kf6L{jf6 knfog eP/ g]skf ax'dtdf 5 .Ú pgn] lj1lKtdf eg]sf 5g\\ . u/]kl5 cd]l/sLx?sf] x:tIf]k tLj| 5g\ . s]xL ;do cl3 k|wfgdGqL ;bfn] ;+;lbo Aoa:yfdf xTof, lx+;f, sdn s];Ln] sfFu; ]| hlxn] – hlxn]
?kdf a9\b} uPsf] / g]kfnnfO{{ cy{ b]pjfn] ;+oQ' m /fi6«;3+ df ?;sf lj?4 anfTsf/, n'6kf6, rf]/Lk}7f/L, dxËL, ;Qfdf k'U5 Tolt a]nf /fi6«3ft ub}{
uPsf g]tf g]skfdf kmls{g] qmd a9\b} …kl5Nnf] ;do sGrg / ;'bz{g /fhgLlts lx;fan] >Ln+sf / ;}Go o'qm]g / cd]l/sfsf] kIfdf g]kfnnfO{{ sfnf]ahf/L / d"Noj[l4 lbgx'Flbg cfPsf] / clxn] Pd;L;L kf; u/]/
uPsf] 5 . o;}qmddf sGrg, ;'bz{g u'6n] kf6L{ / g]tT[ j lj?4 ljleGg /fhgLlts lx;fan] o'qm]gsf] lbzfdf dtbfg ug{ nufP/ xfd|f] :jtGq Pad eO/x]sf]n] g]kfnL hgtf o;sf] g]kfndf o'4 yf]kf/]sf] atfP . ;fy} pxfFn]
u'6n] lnPsf] gLlt, lg0f{on] g]kfndf u}//fhgLlts e|d, cf/f]k / u'6jfb ws]Ng vf]lhPsf] 7f]sj' f u/] . pgn] c;+nUg ljb]z gLltsf] pNn+3g u/]sf k|ltsf/df plqg' kg]{ atfP . /;+;b\jfbL bnx?sf] sf/0f cfh b]zdf
qmflGt cl3 a9g g;Sg] eGb} pbok'/ ub},{ kf6L{sf] lj?4 nufpFb} qmflGtjf6 cfˆgf] kf6L{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] 5g\ . o;n] eljiodf uDeL/ ;+s6 sfo{qmdsf] qmddf uf] Jofs Pd;L;L kf; ePsf] / g]kfndf ;+;b\Lo
knfog e} slyt g]skf ax'dt ;'?b]lv g} Pdl;;L OG8f] Kofl;lkms lglDtg] l:ylt 5 .Ú sf7df8f}Fsf] cd]l/sf, cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb d'bf{jfb Û Joj:yf /xFbf;Dd Ps atfP . of] b]zdf
k'gu{7g u/]sf] ;Gbe{df dnfO{{ ljleGg /0fgLltsf] c+u xf] eg]/ la/f]w ub}{ zflGtjfl6sf / k|1f ejg rf]s u/L l/h]S6 Pdl;;L Û bnfnx? xf]l;of/ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ /xFbf;Dd
vfn] k|nf]eg ;fy} em'SofP/ af]nfO{{ atfpFb} cd]l/sL clwsf/Lx?n] ;d]t b'Olt/af6 z'? ul/Psf] la/f]w k|bz{g h:tf gf/fx? nufOPsf] lyof] . pQm b]zdfPd;L;L sfof{Gjog ug{ glbg]
;'g;/L lhNnf O6x/Lsf] u+uf–hd'gf o;nfO{{ OG8f]Kofl;lkms s} c+u xf] eg]/ b/af/dfu{df /x]sf] ofs P08 olt sfo{qmdsf] ;Grfng dfcf]jfbL dhb'/ s];Ln] atfP . Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf vf/]h
xf]6ndf h]7 #) ut] ePsf] k|lzIf0f l:jsf/ ul/;s]sf lyP t/ oxfFsf xf]6n
] df /x]sf] Pdl;Psf] sfof{no kf6L{sf g]tf lxdfn /fO{n] u/]sf lyP . geP;Dd cfk"mx? lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ ug],{
sfo{qmddf k'ofOof] .Ú pgn] eg]sf bnfnx?n] Pdl;;L O08f] Kofl;lkmssf] cufl8 ;dfkg ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;Fu lg/Gt/ n8\g]
5g\,\ …ToxfF d}n] sGrg, ;'bz{g u'6n] c+u xf]Og eGg yfn], clxn] cd]l/sL sfo{qmdsf] ;+rfng g]skfsf s]lGb|o ?kGb] x Ln] cd] l /sL ;fd| f HojfbL s];Ln] atfP . 3]/fp sfo{qmdsf]
lnPsf] gLlt, lg0f{on] g]kfndf qmflGt ;]gfsf hg]n{ rn{;\ P lkmlnksf] e|d0fn] ;b:o cf:yfn] u/]sL lyOg\ . x:tIf] k / /fi6« 3 ftL Pd;L;L ;Grfng yf? d'lQm /fli6«o df]rf{ g]kfnsf
Tof] s'/fnfO{{ k'li6 u/] atfP . pgn] otf, g] k fn sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ kl/of]hgflj¿å lj/f]w k|bz { g sfo{qmd s]lGb|o cWoIf ;'lgn yf?n] u/]sf lyP .
lhNnf sld6L ;b:o Zofdafxfb'/ cl3 a9g g;Sg] / s]jn s'07f, Oiof{
e' h ] n g] s kfdf kmls{ P sf 5g\ \ . / e|dsf] v]lt dfq /x]sf] kfPsf]n] d
e'h]nn] Ps k|]; lj1lKt hf/L ub}{
g] k fn sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ , Plss[ t
hgqmflGtdfkm{t\ j}1flgs ;dfhjfb
sGrg / ;'bz{g u'6n] lnPsf] af6f]df
;l/s g/x] s f] :ki6 hfgsf/L
u/fpb5' .Ú
g]skf;lxt gf}j6f sDo'lg:6 kf6L{åf/f P;kLkL ;Demf}tf gug{ r]tfjgL
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn sDo' l g:6 cWoIf s0f{lht a'9fyf]sL, g]skf - ;Qf/f]x0fsf nflu cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbL] ub{5f}F / g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf tyf
:yfkgf ug] { ;' G b/ / ulj{ n f] pgn] cfk"m g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{, kf6L{;lxt gf}j6f sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] :6]6 d;fn_ s];;sf ;+of]hs ;Gtaxfb'/ zf;sx¿sf] rfs8L ug{df Jo:t 5g\\ . /fli6«o :jfwLgtfdfly x:tIf]k gug{
cleofgdf nfda4 ePsf] atfPsf PsLs[t hgqmflGtdfkm{t\ j}1flgs kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| d -P;kLkL_ ;Demf}tf g]kfnL, hg;dfhjfbL d~r, g]kfnsf cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbåf/f g]kfnsf] hf] 8 bf/ dfu ub{ 5 f} F . g] k fnsf]
5 . …ljleGg vfn] ;fd|fHojfb, bnfn ;dfhjfb :yfkgf ug]{ dxfg\ ofqfdf gug{ r]tfjgL lbPsf 5g\ . g]kfn ;+of]hs uDeL/ / g]skf ax'dtsf /fli6«o :jfwLgtfdfly ul/Fb} cfPsf] u7aGwg ;/sf/sf k| w fgdGqL
k'h
F LjfbL ;fdflhs kmf;LjfbL if8\oGq ;b}j k|ltj4 /lx/x]sf] atfPsf 5g\\ . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{, g]skf -qmflGtsf/L ;+of]hs wd]G{ b| af:tf]nfåf/f hf/L ;+oQ' m x:tIf]k / ;+;b\jfbL bnx¿sf] /fli6«o z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] cfufdL cd]l/sf
/ k| l tjGwsf] sfnf] /fhgLlts pgn] pbok'/ lhNnfdf x'gx' g' ] cGo dfcf] j fbL_, j} 1 flgs ;dfhjfbL lj1lKtdf :6]6 kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| d - cfTd;dk{0fjfbL /a}ofsf lj?4 ;zQm e|d0fdf P;kLkLnufot ljleGg
cj:yfnfO{{ kf/ u/]/ !# hgf jL/ Odfgbf/ qmflGtsf/L sd/]8x?nfO{{ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{, dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6 P;kLkL_ cd]l/sfsf] lxGb k|zfGt cfjfh p7fpg / g] k fnL k|sf/sf /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tfx¿df
zlxbx?sf] /ut xhf/f}F lu/ˆtf/, slyt ax'dt gfdsf] sGrg / ;'bz{g kf6L{ , g] s kf, g] s kf -dfcf] j fbL /0fgLltsf] cleGg c+u /x]sf] pNn]v ;fj{ e f} l dstfsf] /Iffsf nflu x:tfIf/ x'g] vt/f a9]sf] 5 . o;
h]n, g]nnfO{{ k/f:t u/L # a'Fb] u'6df gnfUg ;d]t o;} k|; ] lj1fKtL ;dfhjfbL_, g] s kf -d;fn_, ub}{ elgPsf] 5, …of] k|fu] f| d lxGb– b]zelQmk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf cufl8 cfpg l:yltdf xfdL k|wfgdGqLsf] cd]l/sf
hg;dfhjfbL d~r, g]kfn / g]skf - k|zfGt /0fgLltsf] Pp6f cleGg cË xfdL ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm, jfdkGyL tyf e|d0f /2 ug{ / /fi6«sf] clxtdf x'g]
;xdtL u/]/ xfd|f] hglk|o kf6L{ dfkm{t\ cg'/f]w u/]sf 5g\\ . ax'dt_ n] ;+oQ ' m lj1lKt hf/L ub}{ xf] . of] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;xeflutf, k| u ltzLn kf6L{ , ;d" x tyf u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf ;lGw–;Demf}tfdf
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf bh{gf}+ g]tf–sfo{stf{ g]skfdf ;dflxt
sf7df8f}F . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL elgPsf] 5– …lautb]lv g} kf6L{df
k|wfgdGqL b]pjfsf] cd]l/sf e|d0f /2
ug{ / P;kLkL ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/
gug{ s8f r]tfjgL lbPsf x'g\ . tL
cd]l/sfn] g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ cfˆgf]
;]gfsf] cË agfpg] / ;fdfGotM
blIf0fPl;of If]q / ljz]iftM rLgdflysf]
JolQmTjx¿nfO{{ ljz]if cfu|x ub{5f}F .Æ
o; ljifodf g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{;lxt gf}j6f sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] hf/L
x:tfIf/ gug{ g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf
ljz]if dfu ub{5f}F . g]kfnsf] ;+;b\å\ f/f
Pd;L;L kfl/t ul/Psf] 3f]if0ff ePkl5
s]Gb|_ bfªsf If]qLo ;+of]hs;lxt df}nfpb} u/]sf] ;+;b\Lo tyf bnfn /fhgLlts bnåf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf ;}Go x:tIf]ksf lgldQ g]kfnsf ;}Go u/]sf] ;+oQ ' m lj1lKt o; k|sf/ /x]sf] g]kfndfly cd]l/sfsf] x:tIf]k PsfPs
bh{ g f} F g] t f–sfo{ s tf{ x ?n] kf6L{ gf]s/zfxL k|j[lt lj?4df cg]sg elgPsf] 5– …g]kfnsf] u7aGwg cv8fnfO{{ lgaf{w k|of]u ug]{ of]hgfdf 5– …ut @)&( h]7 #) ut] ;+oQ ' m a9]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf
kl/Tofu u/L g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df ;+3if{ ubf{ klg kf6L{nfO{{ ;xL nfOg ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfsf] cfwfl/t 5 . xfdL lgDgfg';f/sf /fHo cd]l/sfsf] /Iff dGqfnon] o;sf] ;xhstf{ ag]sf 5g\\ . jt{dfg
k|j]z u/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf lbg g;s]sf] / pN6} qmflGtsf/L cfufdL cd]l/sf e|d0fdf P;kLkLnufot sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿ ;fj{ef}d tyf cd]l/sfsf] :6]6 kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| d - ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j ug]{ g]kfnL sfFu; ]|
g]tf–sfo{stf{x?n] ;+o'Qm lj1lKt sfo{ s tf{ n fO{ { lbUe| l dt ug] { / ljleGg k|sf/sf /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tfx¿df :jfwLg g] k fndfly cd] l /sL P;kLkL_ df g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ ;dfj]z tyf u7aGwgdf ;dfj]z cGo bnx¿
hf/L ub}{ cfk"mx?n] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb| lg?T;flxt ug] { sfo{ lg/Gt/ x:tfIf/ x'g] vt/f a9]sf] 5 . o; ;fd|fHojfbsf] o; k|sf/sf] 7f8f] bafa u/fpg k| : tfj u/] s f] b:tfa] h o; k|sf/sf] gfËf] x:tIf]ksf] lj/f]w
kl/Tofu u/L g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df rln/x]sfn] cfhsf ldltb]lv pQm l:yltdf xfdL k|wfgdGqLsf] cd]l/sf tyf x:tIf]ksf] 3f]/ lj/f]w Pjd\ eT;{gf ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . of] k|fu] f| d lxGb– ug{s' f] ;f6f] ;Qf/f]x0fsf nflu cd]l/sL
;dflxt ePsf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . kf6L{ kl/Tofu u/L qmflGtsf/L e|d0f /2 ug{ / /fi6«sf] clxtdf x'g] ub{5f}F / g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf tyf k|zfGt /0fgLltsf] Pp6f cleGg cË ;fd|fHojfbL] zf;sx¿sf] rfs8L
g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pjd bfª cfGbf]ngsf] d"nwf/ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 u/L s'g} klg k|sf/sf ;lGw–;Demf}tfdf /fli6«o :jfwLgtfdfly x:tIf]k gug{ xf] . of] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;xeflutf, ug{ d f Jo:t 5g\ \ . cd] l /sL
lhNnf OGrfh{ lztn;Fusf] 5nkmn kf6L{df ;dflxt x'g] lg0f{o u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú x:tfIf/ gug{ g]kfn ;/sf/;dIf ljz]if hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}F .Æ cd]l/sfn] g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ cfˆgf] ;fd|fHojfbåf/f g]kfnsf] /fli6«o
kl5 g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ sf] lj1lKtdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|_ dfu ub{5f}F .Æ lj1lKtdf g]kfnsf] ;+;b\\åf/f ;]gfsf] cË agfpg] / ;fdfGotM blIf0f :jfwLgtfdfly ul/Fb} cfPsf] x:tIf]k
ljleGg lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNb} xfn bfª leq /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ qmflGtsf/L g]tf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj Pd;L;L kfl/t ul/Psf] 3f]if0ff ePkl5 Pl;of If]q / ljz]iftM rLgdflysf] / ;+ ; b\ j fbL bnx¿sf] /fli6« o
lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldltsf] ;b:o tyf tyf sfo{stf{x?nfO{ ;dod} ;r]t ljKnj, g]skf -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_ g]kfndfly cd]l/sfsf] x:tIf]k PsfPs ;}Go x:tIf]ksf lgldQ g]kfnsf ;}Go cfTd;dk{0fjfbL /a}ofsf lj?4 ;zQm
# g+=If]q kf6L{ ;+of]hs uf]kfn e08f/L- /xL g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;Grfng sf dxf;lrj df]xg j}B ls/0f, j}1flgs a9]sf] 7x/ ub}{ elgPsf] 5– …k|wfgdGqL cv8fnfO{{ lgaf{w k|of]u ug]{ of]hgfdf cfjfh p7fpg / g] k fnL
s=;'wf/_ nufPt s[i0f /f]sf,If]q u/] s f] PsLs[ t hgqmflGtsf] ;dfhjfbL sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ s f z]/axfb'/ b]pjf o;sf] ;xhstf{ cfwfl/t 5 . xfdL lgDgfg';f/sf ;fj{ e f} l dstfsf] /Iffsf nflu
axfb'/ jnLsf] g]t[Tjdf %) hgf sfo{lbzfdf ;dflxt x'Fb} j}1flgs dxf;lrj cfx'lt, dfcf]jfbL sDo'lg:6 ag]sf 5g\\ . jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] g]tT[ j sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x¿ ;fj{ef}d tyf b]zelQmk"0f{ cfGbf]ngdf cufl8 cfpg
sd/]8x? g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df ;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf nflu g]kfn kf6L{, g]kfnsf dxf;lrj /fdgf/fo0f ug]{ g]kfnL sfFu; ]| tyf u7aGwgdf :jfwLg g] k fndfly cd] l /sL xfdL ;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm, jfdkGyL tyf
k|j]z u/]sf x'g . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{df uf]na4 x'g cfXjfg kfn, g]skfsf cWoIf Clif s§]n, ;dfj]z cGo bnx¿ o;k|sf/sf] gfËf] ;fd|fHojfbsf] o; k|sf/sf] 7f8f] bafa k| u ltzLn kf6L{ , ;d" x tyf
kf6L{ kl/Tofusf] ;+oQ' m lj1lKtdf ;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL ;dfhjfbL_ sf x:tIf] k sf] lj/f] w ug{ ' s f] ;f6f] tyf x:tIf]ksf] 3f]/ lj/f]w Pjd\ eT;{gf JolQmTjx¿nfO{{ ljz]if cfu|x ub{5f}F .Æ
 @)&( ;fn c;f/ % ut] cfOtaf/
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ / g]tf s:tf x'gk' 5{ <
æxfd|f] kf6L{ – ;+u7gx¿nfO{{
cjZo klg b]zel/ lkmFhfpg'k5{ /
xfdLn] lglZrt p2]Zosf ;fy bzf}+
xhf/ sfo{stf{x¿nfO{{ / klxnf]
bhf{sf ;of}+ g]tfx¿nfO{{ tflnd
lbg'k5{ . pgLx¿n] dfS;{jfb –
n]lggjfbdf lgk'0f{ ePsf, /fhgLlts
?kn] b"/bzL{, sfddf v'a} l;kfn',
Tofusf] ulx/f] efjgfn] el/Psf cfkm}F
cl3 ;/] / ;d:ofx¿;F u h' ‰ g]
s' z ntf ePsf, clt cK7\ o f/f
cj:yfx¿df ;d]t ljrlnt gx'g,]
/fi6« / ;j{xf/f ju{ / kf6L{sf] ;]jf
ug{ akmfbf/ / eQm sfo{stf{ / g]tf
x'gk} 5{ . o:tf sfo{stf{ / g]tfx¿df
g} kf6L{n] cfˆgf ;b:ox¿ tyf
hgtfl;tsf] ;DaGwsf] lglDt e/
u5{ / hgtfsf] b[9 g]t[Tjsf] nflu
pgLx¿df e/ k/]/ g} kf6L{ zq'nfO{{
k/flht ug{ ;kmn x'G5 . o:tf
sfo{stf{ / g]tfx¿n] :jfly{kgfaf6
JolQmjfbL z'¥ofO{F / cf8Da/af6,
cfn:o / pbf;Lgtfaf6 / cfˆg} s'/f
dfly kfg]{ u'6jfbaf6 d'Qm x'gk' 5{ /
pgLx¿n] cjZo klg lgM:jfy{ eP/
/fli6«o tyf juL{o jL/ of]4f x'gk' 5{Ù
xfd|f] kf6L{sf ;b:o, sfo{stf{ /
g]tfx¿df x'g'kg]{ u'0fx¿ / sfo{ –
z}nL o:t} x'g\ .Æ
– dfcf] T;] t ' ª , æhfkfgL
cfqmd0f–lj/f] w L /fli6« o ;+ o ' Q m
df] r f{ s f]
lglDt nfvf} + hg;d" x nfO{ {
cfk"mkl§ tfgÆ -d] &, !(#& _
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ;j{xf/fju{sf]
;+ul7t /fhgLlts cu|b:tf xf] .
p;n] dfS;{ j fb – n] l ggjf –
dfcf] j fbnfO{ { cfˆgf] kyk| b z{ s
l;4fGt dfGb5 . dfn]dfjfbn] Pp6f
qmflGtsf/L sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ n fO{ {
qmflGtsf] lglDt j} 1 flgs af6f]
b]vfpg] sfd ub{5 .
k' F h LjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg
eO;s] s f] d' n ' s df qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] Go"gtd sfo{qmd -
nIo_ j}1flgs ;dfhjfb / clwstd
nIo j}1flgs ;fDojfb x'G5 eg]
k'FhLjfbL qmflGt ;DkGg eOg;s]sf]
Ps cw{ ; fdGtL / /fv]/ g} sd/]8 dfcf]n] cufl8
cw{ p klgj] l zs÷gjpklgj] l zs
cj:yfdf /x]sf] -cfhsf] g]kfn h:tf]_
b]zdf p;sf] Go"gtd sfo{qmd -nIo_
gf}nf] hgjfb / clwstd nIo j}1flgs
;dfhjfb / ;fDojfb /x]sf] x'G5 .
Pp6f qmflGtsf/L sDo' l g:6
kf6L{ s f sfo{ s tf{ / g] t f s:tf
x'gk' 5{ < Pp6f qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6
kf6L{n] cfˆgf] nIo k"/f ug{sf nflu
c;n tyf qmflGtsf/L sfo{stf{ /
g]tfx¿sf] cfjZostf kb{5 . To;f]
ePsfn] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] s:tf
vfnsf sfo{stf{ / g]tfx¿ lgdf{0f /
kl/rfng ug]{, pgLx¿nfO{{ s:tf]
lsl;dsf] tflnd / k|lzIf0f lbnfpg],
pgLx¿sf] x]/rfx s;/L ug]{ eGg]
af/]df sd/]8 dfcf]n] dfly eGg'ePsf
ljifox¿ cToGt} dggof]Uo 5g\ /
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf ;a} sfo{stf{ /
g]tfx¿sf lglDt 7"nf] lzIffsf ljifo
x'g\ . xfdL qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] sd/]8
dfcf]af6 sfo{stf{ gLlt;DaGwL l;Sg]
ljifo log} x'g\ .
qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n]
qmflGt ;DkGg ug{sf lglDt klxnf]
gDa/df p;nfO{ { kybz{ g ug] {
qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt cfjZos k5{ .
qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt cjnDag gu/]sf]
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] qmflGt ;DkGg ug{
;Sg] s'/} xF'b}g . To;f] eP/ ljZj
;j{xf/f ju{sf dxfg\ g]tf n]lggn]
eGg'ePsf] 5, æqmflGt ug{' 5 eg]
qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt cfjZos kb{5 .Æ
xf], n]lggn] eGg' ePemF} qmflGtsf]
P]ltxfl;s sfo{ef/ k"/f ug]{ b[9tfsf
;fy ag]sf] qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6
kf6L{n] qmflGtsf/L l;4fGt dfS;{jfb–
n]lggjfb–dfcf]jfbnfO{{ cjnDag
u/]s} x'g'k5{ .
To:t} qmflGtsf qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] cfjZostf kb{5 .
qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] g]tT[ jljgf
qmflGt c;Dej x'G5 . To;f] ePsf]n]
t ljZj ;j{xf/fju{sf csf{ dxfg\ g]tf
sd/]8 dfcf]T;]tª' n] eGg'ePsf] 5,
æqmflGt x'g5 ' eg] qmflGtsf/L kf6L{
x' g } k 5{ . qmflGtsf/L kf6L{ l jgf,
dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL qmflGtsf/L
l;4fGt / qmflGtsf/L k4ltgl';f/ ag]sf]
kf6L{ljgf, ;fd|fHojfb tyf o;sf
bnfnx¿nfO{{ k/flht ug{ dhb'/ ju{
/ ljzfn hg;d'bfonfO{{ g]tT[ j ug{'
c;Dej 5 .Æ
ædfcf] T;]tª' , ;+;f/sf qmflGtsf/L
zlQmx¿ Psu7 xf]pm, ;fd|fHojfbL
cfqmd0fsf lj?4 h'wÆ - gf]eD] a/ !($*_
qmflGtsf/L l;4fGtn] n}; ePsf]
qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6 eP/ dfq
p;nfO{{ qmflGtsf] sfo{ef/ k"/f ug{
c;Dej x'G5 . kf6L{sf] gLlt /
of]hgfx¿ sfof{Gjog ug{sf lglDt
xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdf, nfvf}+sf] ;+Vofdf
cAan bhf{ s f sfo{ s tf{ -
pQ/flwsf/Lx¿_ x¿sf] cfjZostf
kb{5 . c;n, cfF6L, alnbfgLk"0f{
efjgfn] cf] t k| f ] t ePsf
sfo{stf{x¿sf] cfjZostf kb{5 .
Tof] sfddf qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6
kf6L{n] klxnf] gDa/df Wofg lbg'k5{ .
sfo{stf{x¿sf] 7"nf] hdft eP/ dfq}
qmflGtsf nflu qmflGtsf/L sfo{stf{
/ g]tfx¿sf] cfjZostf kb{5 .
sfo{stf{ tyf g]tfx¿nfO{{ qmflGtsf/L
?kfGt/0f u/fpgsf lglDt
ljZjb[li6sf]0fdf ?kfGt/0f u/fpg
h?/L x'G5 . To;sf] nflu sDo'lg:6
kf6L{n] s]Gb|b]lv :yfgLo :t/;Dd
kf6L{ :s'nx¿ lgdf{0f ug{ clgjfo{
x'G5 . pgLx¿nfO{{ lgoldt ?kdf /
of] h gfa4 9+ u n] dfn] d fjfbsf
cfwf/e"t l;4fGt -dfS;{jfbsf tLg
;+ 3 6s c+ u bz{ g , /fhgLlts
cy{zf:q / j}1flgs ;dfhjfb_ sf
ljifodf :s'lnª ;~rfng ul//xg
h?/L x'G5 .
oxL cfjZostfnfO{{ dWogh/df
eGg'ePsf] 5, æxfd|f] kf6L{ / b]zn]
cfˆgf] /+u gkm]?g\ eGg] s'/f lglZrt
t'Nofpg xfdLn] ;xL af6f] / ;xL
gLltx¿ dfq lnP/ k'Ub}g, ;j{xf/fjfbL
qmflGtsf] p2]ZonfO{{ cufl8 a9fpFb}
n}hfg] nfvf}+ pQ/flwsf/LnfO{{ tflnd
lbg' / x'sf{pg' klg k5{ .
clGtd ljZn]if0fdf, ;j{xf/fx¿sf]
qmflGtsf/L p2] Z osf] nflu
pQ/flwsf/Lx¿nfO{{ tflnd lbg] k|Zg
;j{xf/fjfbL qmflGtsf/Lx¿sf] k'/fgf]
k':tfn] rnfPsf] dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL
qmflGtsf/L p2]ZonfO{{ a9fpFb} nfg
;Sg] dflg;x¿ xf]nfg\ ls gxf]nfg\,
;j{xf/fjfbL qmflGtsf/Lx¿s} xftdf
xfd|f] kf6L{ / /fHosf] g]tT[ j /xG5 ls
/xFbg} , dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfbn] :yflkt
u/]sf] ;xL af6f]af6 xfd|f ;Gtfg lxF8g\ ]
x'g\ ls xf] cyjf csf]{ zAbdf rLgdf
xfdLn] v' | Z rf] e L ;+ z f] w gjfbsf]
pTklQnfO{{ ;kmntfk"js { /f]Sg ;S5f}
ls ;Qm}gf} eGg] k|Zg xf] . xfd|f ;jf]R{ r
;+u7gx¿b]lv lnP/ ;a}eGbf tNnf]
tx;Dd xfdLn] hxfFtxLF qmflGtsf]] lglDt
pQ/flwsf/Lx¿nfO{{ tflnd lbg] /
x'sf{pg] s'/fdf ;+we } l/ Wofg lbg'k5{ .
;j{xf/f – ju{sf] qmflGtsf/L
p2]Zosf] lglDt nfos pQ/flwsf/L
x'g rflxg] cfjZostfx¿ s] s] x'g\ <
pgLx¿n] pRr dfS;{jfbL –
n] l ggjfbL x' g } k 5{ , dfS;{ j fb –
n]lggjfbsf] ;fOgaf]8{ em'G8\ofPsf]
v|Zrf]e h:tf] ;+zf]wgjfbL xf]Og .
pgLx¿ rLg / ;Dk"0f{ ;+;f/sf clt
ax';V+ os hgtfsf] ;Dk"0f{ Åbon] ;]jf
ug]{ qmflGtsf/L x'gk} 5{ / cfˆgf] b]zsf]
;'lawf ;DkGg a'hj'{ f ju{sf Ps d'7L
;b:ox¿sf] lxt / ljb]zL ;fd|fHojfb
tyf k|ltlqmofjfbsf lxtx¿sf nflu
;]jf ug]{ v'Z| rf]eh:tf] xf]Og . pgLx¿n]
clt ax';V+ os hgtfl;t Psu7 x'g
/ ;Fu} sfd ug{ ;Sg] ;j{xf/fjfbL
/fhgLlt1 x'gk} 5{ . pgLx¿n] cfk"ml;t
;xdt x'gx] ¿l;t dfq xf]Og, cfk"ml;t
c;xdt x'gx] ¿;Fu cem cl3 cfˆgf]
lj/f]w u/]sf / kl5 Jojxf/df untl;4
eO;s]sfx¿l;t klg Psu7 x'g
;Sg'k5{ . t/, pgLx¿n] ljz]if u/L
v' | Z rf] e h:tf dxTjfsf+ I fL /
x:taxfb'/ s];L
if8\oGqsf/Lx¿dfly ;ts{tfk"0f{ b[li6
/fVg'k5{ / o:tf v/fa tTjx¿nfO{{
kf6L{ / /fHosf] s'g} klg :t/sf] xft
kfg{a' f6 /f]Sg}k5{ .
pgLx¿n] kf6L{ s f] hgjfbL
s]Gb|LotfnfO{{ k|of]u ug{ gd"gf aGg}k5{,
æhgtfaf6 NofO{ hgtfdf n}hfg]Æ
l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t g]tT[ jsf] tl/sfdf
/fd| / L bIftf xfF l ;n ug} { k 5{ /
hgtflGqs k|0ffnLdf cfˆgf] afgL–
a]xf]/fnfO{{ 9fNg' k5{ / hgtfsf] s'/f
rfv lnP/ ;'Gg ;Sg] x'g'k5{ .
pgLx¿n] v|'Zrf]e h:tf] lg/+s'z
x'gx' bF' g} / kf6L{sf] hgjfbL s]Gb|LotfnfO{{
pNn+3g ug{'x'Fb}g, sfd/]8x¿dfly
cfsl:ds xdnf ug{ ' cyjf
:j]R5frf/Ltfk"js { / clwgfosjfbL
?kn] sfd ug]{ x'gx' bF' g} .
pgLx¿n] gd| / ljj]sL x'gk' 5{ /
3d08 tyf cwL/tfsf] lj?4 ;hs
x'gk' 5{Ù pgLx¿df :jcfnf]rgfsf] efjgf
el/Psf] x'gk' 5{ / cfˆgf sfddf /x]sf
sdL / untLx¿ ;Rofpg] cfF6 x'gk' 5{ .
pgLx¿n] v| ' Z rf] e n] em} cfˆgf
uNtLx¿nfO{{ 9fs5f]k ug],{ h; hlt
hDd} cfk"m lng] / bf]if hlt c?dfly
yf]kg]{ slxNo} ug{' x'Fb}g . ;j{xf/f
qmflGtsf/L p2]Zosf pQ/flwsf/Lx¿
hg;+3if{df k}bf x'G5g\ / qmflGtsf 7'N7"nf
cfFwL – a]x/Lx¿df vfl/G5g\ / x'sG{ 5g\ .
sfo{stf{x¿nfO{{ hfFRg] tyf 5'6o\ fpg] /
pQ/flwsf/Lx¿nfO{{ 5fGg] / tflnd lbg]
sfd hg;+3if{sf] nfdf] qmddf ug{k' 5{ .Æ
– dfcf] T;]t'ª, æv'|Zrf]esf]
gSsnL ;fDojfb / ;+;f/nfO{{ o;sf
P]ltxfl;s kf7x¿Æ df p4[t - h'nfO{{
!$, !(^$ _ .
dfly sd/]8 dfcf]n] eGg'eP em}
qmflGtsf nflu qmflGtsf/L tyf
c;n, Odfgbf/, b]z, hgtf, kf6L{
qmflGtk| l t ;dlk{ t sfo{ s tf{ /
g]tfx¿sf] 7"nf] cfjZostf x'G5 .
To;f] eP/ qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6
kf6L{n] sfo{stf{ / g]tfx¿nfO{{ s;/L
;+/If0f ug]{ eGg] ljifodf x]Ssf
/fVg}kg]{ x'G5 . o; ljifo k'gM sd/]8
dfcf] eGg'xG' 5, æPs rf]l6 /fhgLlts
lbzf lglZrt ePkl5 sfo{stf{x¿
lg0ff{ostTj x'G5g\ . ctM of]hgfa4
tl/sfn] 7" n f] ;+ V ofdf gofF
sfo{stf{x¿nfO{{ tflnd lbg' xfd|f]
;+3if{doL sfo{ xf] . æ– dfcf] T;]t'ª,
æ/fli6«o o'4df lrlgofF sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf] e"ldsfÆ -cS6f]a/ !*#*_
qmflGtsf/L sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n]
sfo{stf{ gLlt s:tf] agfpg] eGg]
s'/fn] p;n] sfo{stf{x¿ s:tfs:tf
agfPsf] 5 < p;n] s;/L sfof{Gjog
ub{5 < eGg] s'/fsf] lgwf{/0f ub{5 .
o;ljifodf sd/]8 dfcf]n] yk s'/f
ug{' x'G5, æsDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] sfo{stf{
;DalGw cfˆgf] gLltdf nfu" ug{'kg]{
l;4fGt Pp6f sfo{stf{ kf6L{sf]
gLltnfO{{ sfof{Gjog ug{ b[9 5 ls
5}g, kf6L{ – cg'zf;gnfO{{ kfngf u5{
ub}{g, hgtl;t p;sf] uf9f ;Dks{
5 5} g , p;df cfˆgf] l:ylt
:jtGqtfk"js { klxNofpg ;Sg] ;fdYo{
5 5}g / p ;lqmo, d]xgtL /
lg:jfyL{ 5 5}g eGg] xf] . æu'0f x]/L
dflg;nfO{{ egf{ ug{' æeGg] gLlt oxL
xf] . æ–dfcf] T;]t'ª, æ/fli6«o o'4df
lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] e"ldsfÆ -
cS6f]a/ !(#*_
sDo' l g:6 kf6L{ n ] cfˆgf
sfo{stf{x¿nfO{{ s;/L lrGg], s;/L
hfFRg] eGg] s'/f g]tT[ jn] /fd|/L hfg]sf]
x'g'k5{ . kf6L{ leq sfo{stf{x¿
ljleGg 9+un] k|j]z u/]sf x'G5g\,
pgLx¿nfO{ { kf6L{ n ] pgLx¿ s}
Jojxf/nfO{{ s;L agfP/ klxrfg ug]{
/ ljrf/ ug]{ s'/f g} d'Vo ljifo x'G5 .
ToxL cg' ? k kf6L{ n ] cfˆgf
sfo{stf{x¿nfO{{ k|of]u ug{' j}1flgs
x'G5 . o; ljifodf sd/]8 dfcf]
cufl8 eGg" x' G 5, æxfdLnfO{ {
sfo{stf{x¿sf] s;/L /fd|/L k|of]u
ug]{ eGg] s'/f yfxf kfpg}k5{ . clGtd
ljZn] i f0fdf, g] t [ T jsf b' O { d' V o
lhDd]jf/L x'G5g\ – ljrf/x¿nfO{{ sfo{
?k lbg' / sfo{stf{x¿sf] /fd|/L k|of]u
ug{' . æljrf/x¿nfO{{ sfo{ ?k lbg'Æ
df of]hgf agfpg', lg0f{o lng' /
cfb]z tyf lgb]{zg lbg' h:tf hDd}
s'/fx¿ k5{g\ . ljrf/nfO{{ Jojxf/df
kl/0ft ug{ xfdLn] sfo{stf{x¿nfO{{
Psu7 t'Nofpg' k5{ / sfo{If]qdf hfg
pgLx¿nfO{{ xf};nf lbg'k5{ . of] s'/f
æsfo{stf{x¿sf] /fd|/L k|of]u ug{Æ' eGg]
ljefudf kb{5 . æ– dfcf] T;]t'ª,
æ/fli6«o o'4df lrlgofF sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf]
e"ldsfÆ -cS6f]a/ !(#*_
g]kfn clxn];Dd klg cw{;fdGtL
/ gjpklgj]lzs cj:yfd} 5 . oxfF
ul/g] qmflGt gofF hgjfbL qmflGt g}
xf] . gofF hgjfbL qmflGt gul/sg
g] k fnL ;dfhnfO{ { j} 1 flgs
;dfhjfbdf k'¥ofpg ;lsFbg} . cfh
g]kfndf gofF qmflGt hf/L 5 . gofF
g]kfnL hgjfbL qmflGtsf] P]ltxfl;s
sfo{ef/ k"/f ug]{ bfloTj cfh g]kfn
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL_
sf] sfFwdf cfOk'us ] f] 5 . cfh dxfg\
g]kfnL gofF hgjfbL qmflGtsf nflu
blIf0fkGyL ;+zf]wgjfb d'Vo afwssf
?kdf v8f x'g k'u]sf] 5 . g]kfndf
sDo'lg:6sf] gfddf gfdwf/L gSsnL
sDo'lg:6x¿n] 7"nf] e|dsf] v]tL
ul//x]sf 5g\ / sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
sfo{stf{x¿ tL k|ltlqmofjfbdf ktg
eP/ k|ltlqmofjfbL ;/sf/ rnfpb}
cfPsf blIf0fkGyL ;+ z f] w gjfbL
kf6L{x¿df 7"nf] ;+Vofdf ljljw
sf/0fn] pt} cndnL /x]sf 5g\ .
o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f pgLx¿nfO{{ kf6L{
:s'lnª gu/fOg'h:tf ljifox¿ 5g\ .
j} r fl/s r] t gf sdhf] / ePsf
sfo{stf{x¿n] g]tfsf] rfs8L ug]{,
bnfnL ug]{, RofKn';L ug]{ / g]tT[ jsf]
b]jTjs/0f u/]/ lglxt :jfy{ k"/f ug]{
u}/dfn]dfjfbL s'?k ;+:s[lt sDo'lg:6
kf6L{df hLljt} /xg] ug]{ u/]s} sf/0f
qmflGtsf/L sfo{stf{ lgdf{0f ug{ /
kl/rfng ug]{ sfddf afwf kl//x]sf]
kfOG5 . o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f kf6L{ :s'lnªsf]
cefj xf], cWoog s} cefj xf] .
Pp6f dfn]dfjfbL ;RofO{ s] xf]
eg] sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ qmflGtsf/L
geOsg qmflGtsf] g]tT[ j ug]{ ;Dej
g} x'Fb}g . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ qmflGtsf/L
x'gnfO{{ klxnf] s'/f t p;n] cjnDag
u/]sf] qmflGtsf/L ljrf/ -dfn]dfjfb_
g} xf] . t/, cGo cfwf/x¿sf]
cfjZostf kb{5 . t;y{ sDo'lg:6
kf6L{ qmflGtsf/L eO/xgnfO{{ hgtf
klg qmflGtsf/L x'g h?/L x'G5 eg]
g] t fx¿ qmflGtsf/L eO/xg' n fO{ {
kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x¿ qmflGtsf/L x'g'
h?/L x'G5 . g]kfndf oL b'a} s'/fdf
;Ldf /xFb} cfPs} sf/0f g]kfnL
sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ngdf blIf0fkGyL
;+zf]wgjfb xfjL x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 .
ca k|Zg v8f x'G5 ls ca
cGt/f{li6«o sDo'lg:6 cfGbf]ng /
g]kfndf ;d]t sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
sfo{stf{ / g]tfx¿ s:tf x'g'k5{ <
o;sf] ;xL ts{ s] x'g ;S5 eg]
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf g]tfx¿ n]lgg,
:6flng, dfcf], xf] lr ldGx, Ujef/f,
uf]~hfnf]h:t} ljrf/;lxt kmf}hL l:k|6
/ sfo{ z } n L ePsf g] t fx¿ x' g
cfjZos 5 eg] sfo{stf{x¿ klg
?;df n] l ggsfnLg, rLgdf
dfcf] s fnLg, leotgfddf
xf]lrldGxsfnLg, So'jfdf r]sfnLg,
k]?leofnL ;z:q hgo'4sfnLg,
g]kfnsf] emfkf ljb|fx] sfnLg, g]kfns}
b; jif]{ hgo'4sfnLg h'g cg'zfl;t
sd{7, TofuL, alnbfgL efjgfn]
cf]tk|f]t ePsf / qmflGtsf/L l:k|6
af]s]sf sfo{stf{x¿ lyP, To:t}
sfo{stf{x¿ x'g h?/L 5 .
oBlk lxhf]sf] Tof] kl/l:ylt /
cfhsf] jt{dfg kl/l:yltdf 7"nf]
km]/abn cfPsf] 5, lj1fg / k|ljlwsf
If]qdf dfgj hfltn] 7"nf] ljsf; u/]sf]
cj:yf cjZo 5 . oL tYox¿nfO{{
cfTd;ft ub} { cyf{ t \ sDo' l g:6
qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] 7f]; kl/l:yltsf] 7f];
ljZn]if0f ub}{ qmflGtsf sfdx¿nfO{{
cufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ x'G5 . ;DalGwt
d'ns ' sf] ljlzi6 kl/l:yltadf]lhd
qmflGtsf sfdnfO{{ cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{
x'G5 . d'ns ' sf] j:t'ut kl/l:ylt /
cfTdut kl/l:yltsf cfwf/df
qmflGtsf sfdnfO{{ cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{
x'G5 . qmflGtsf/L zlQmx¿n] hlt l56f]
qmflGtsf] tof/L ug{ ;S5g\, Tolt l56f]
qmflGt ;DkGg x'g] dfS;{jfbL lgod g}
5 . / qmflGt cjZoDefjL 5 .
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ /
g]tfx¿n] hgtfsf] qmflGtsf] g]tT[ j
ug{k' g]{ ePsf]n] pgLx¿ hgtfsf] aLrdf
leHg ;Sg], hgtf;Fu gª / df;'sf]
;DaGw eP em} uf9f ;DaGw sfod
ug{ ;Sg] x'gk' 5{ . pgLx¿ Odfgbf/ /
qmflGtsf/L x'gk' 5{, qmflGtsf/L h:tf];s' }
cfFwL a]/Lsf] ;fdgf ug{ ;Sg] / of]ubfg
tyf alnbfgL efjgfn] cf]tk|ft] ePsf]
;fx;L x'g'k5{ . pgLx¿ cfly{s,
;f+:s[lts ljrngdf gk/]sf e|i6
dfgl;stfaf6 d'Qm ePsf] JolQmut
;DklQk|lt nf]eL nf5L dfgl;stf
gePsf], kf6L{sf] cf8df hgtfsf]
;DklQdfly, d'ns ' s} 9's6' Ldfly nvgp
e'm6 dRrfpg] vfnsf] rfp r]:s' h:tf]
jL/h· :d[lt u|Gy k|sflzt x'b“ }
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n]
tTsfnLg s]Gb|Lo ;b:o jL/hËsf]
:d[ltdf :d[ltu|Gy k|sfzg ug]{
hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{sf dxf;lrj
ljKnjsf] cfltYotfdf xfn} ?kGb]xLsf]
gofFufpFl:yt kf6L{ sfof{nodf a;]sf]
a}7sn] ;f] lg0f{o u/]sf] atfOPsf]
5 . pQm a}7saf6 rb|axfb'/ rGb
…jL/hËÚ s[ltTj / JolQmTj :d[ltu|Gy
k|sfzg ug{ g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
clgn zdf{sf] cWoIftfdf kfFr
3
x'gx' bF' g} . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df s]kL cf]nL
/ k|r08nufotsf e|i6 g]tfx? /
xfnsf Pdfn], dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf
sfo{stf{h:tf] e|i6, ljrf/ljxLg
cfr/0fsf klg x'gx' bF' g} .
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ /
g]tfx?n] kf6L{lj?4 aflx/ af]Ng kfOFbg} .
kf6L{sf cfGtl/s uf]kgLotfx? aflx/
n}hfg / ;"rgf r'xfpg / ;"rgf a]Rg
kfOFbg} . pgLx? hgjfbL s]Gb|Lotfsf]
l;4fGt k4lt cg'?k rNg'k5{ . lrQ
ga'em] sf] ;a} s'/fx? kf6L{leq /fVg
kfOG5, 5nkmn / ax; ug{ kfOG5 .
b'O{ nfO{g ;+3if{ rnfpg kfOG5 / ljrf/
gldn]kl5 ljb|fx] ug]{ clwsf/ sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ / g]tfx?nfO{{ x'G5 t/
kf6L{ aflx/ cg'zf;gxLg 9+un] ax;,
5nkmn ug{ kfOFb}g . u/]df Tof]
cg'zf;gsf] sf/afxLsf] ljifo aGb5 .
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf sfo{stf{x?n]
g]tfx?sf] bnfnL ug],{ rfKn';L ug],{
b]jTjs/0f / >4fjfb nfu" ug]{ / JolQm
k"hf ug]h { :tf] cfbz{jfbL ;+:s[lt sfo{
hLjgz}nL slxn] klg canDjg ug'x{ bF ' g}
/ g]tfx?n] klg cfˆgf sfo{stf{x?nfO{{
cf;], kf;], emf]n] / g]tfx?sf jl/kl/
3'd/] :jfy{kl" t{ ug]{ ;fdGtL s'?k
;+:s[ltaf6 d'Qm x'gk} 5{ . lsgls oL
b'j} k|jl[ Qx? dfS;{jfbL–n]lggjfbL–
dfcf]jfbL ljrf/wf/f ljk/Lt x'G5 /
To;n] qmflGtnfO{{ 7"nf] gf]S;fgL k'¥ofpF5 .
g}lts ?kdf ktg gePsf / ;fdfhdf
s'zn g}ltstf sfod u/]sf / dof{lbt
JolQmTj lgdf{0f u/]sf] x'gk' 5{ . sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ gLltsf af/]df sd/]8
dfcf]sf dxTjk"0f{ cfb]z / lzIffsf
af/]df dfly w]/} 7fpFdf p4[t ul/Psf]
5, tL lzIff / cfb]zx¿ sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf c;n / qmflGtsf/L sfo{stf{ /
g]tfx¿n] lzIffsf ?kdf u|x0f u/]/
hLjg Jojxf/df nfu" ug{ s'zntf
xfl;n u/]sf] x'gk' 5{ . /, d'VotM pgLx¿
ljZjb[li6sf]0fdf ?kfGtl/t ePsf]
x'gk' 5{ . lsgls ljZjb[li6sf]0fljgfsf]
dfG5] …h/fljgfsf] ?v;/xÚ x'G5,
…kmnxLg k"mnÚ h:tf] x'G5 .
cGTodf sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf sfo{stf{
/ g]tfx¿ hgtfsf ;fFlRrs} c;n
gd"gf ag]sf] x'gk' 5{ . dfn]dfjfbåf/f
lgb]{lzt gofF 9+usf] qmflGtsf/L
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] dfq hgtfsf]
qmflGtsf] g]tT[ j ug{ ;Sg] ePsf]n] pQm
kf6L{sf sfo{stf{ / g]tfx¿ klg To;}
cg'?ksf x'g h?/L x'G5 .
-s];L jl/i7 dfS;{jfbL n]vs Pj+
cGt/f{li6«o n]vs tyf kqsf/ s]Gb|sf
cWoIf x'g\ ._
;b:oLo :d[ltu|Gy k|sfzg ;ldlt
u7g ul/Psf] 5 . h;sf] ;b:ox?df
e]if/fh e'iffn, vf]df t/fd', k|sfz
8'd|]nufot /x]sf 5g\ .
pQm :d[ltu|Gydf hLjgL v08,
s[ltTj v08 / t:jL/ v08 u/L tLg
v08 /xg] atfOPsf] 5 . k|sfzg
;ldltn] jL/hË;Fu ;DalGwt n]v,
pxfFsf /rgf, efif0f, cGtjf{tf{ /
tl:j/x? pknAw u/fOlbg ;DalGwt
;a}df cg'/f]w;d]t u/]sf] 5 .
 4 @)&( ;fn c;f/ % ut] cfOtaf/
sd{rf/Lx¿sf] 5ftf ;+u7g Pp6f sf7] fdf M ;/sf/L 3/hUufdf zlQmzfnL kf6Lu{ t 6«8] o'lgogx¿sf] d:tL
lghfdtL ;] j fdf cfj4
sd{rf/Lsf] k]zfut lxtsf nflu eg]/
u7g ul/Psf sd{rf/Lsf ;+u7gx¿n]
/fhgLlts g]t[TjnfO{{ k|efjdf kfb}{
cfˆgf] kf]N6f] eg{lt/ nfu]sf 5g\\ .
cfcfˆgf] cf:yfsf] bn g]t[Tjsf]
;/sf/nfO{{ bafa lbO{ s/f]8f}Fsf]
;/sf/L hUufdf ef]uflwsf/ hdfPsf
sd{rf/L ;+u7gn] ToxL hUufdf
cln;fg dxn 78\ofO sdfO vfg]
efF 8 f] agfPsf 5g\ \ . lghfdtL
sd{rf/Lsf /fhgLlts bn}lkR5]sf
6«]8 o'lgogx¿n] k|zf;gnfO{{ dfq
xf]Og bnsf] g]tT[ j / ;/sf/nfO{{ ;d]t
cfˆgf] ks8df kf/L wgL x'g] af6f]
vf]h]sf x'g\ . /fhwfgLsf] k|d'v s]Gb|
aa/dxndf rf/j6f o'lgogx¿n] ;f9]
kfFr tnf;Ddsf ejg agfO{ ef8fdf
nufPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .
@)^* ;fn c;f/ ! ut]
tTsfnLg k| w fgdGqL emngfy
vgfnsf] ;/sf/sftkm{ bnlgs6
sd{ r f/Lsf rf/ ;+ u 7gnfO{ {
ef]uflwsf/;lxt sfof{nosf] clkm;
agfpgsf] nflu eg]/ !–! /f]kgL
hldg pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . ToxL
hUufdf ;+u7gx¿n] ejg agfO{
Joj;fo ug]{ ;d"xnfO{{ ef8fdf nufpFb}
k};f cfˆgf] vNtLdf /fv]sf 5g\\ .
t/, /fHonfO{{ s/ eg] lt/]sf 5}gg\ .
sd{ r f/Lx¿sf] 5ftf ;+ u 7g
cflwsfl/s 6«8] o'lgogsf] eg] cfˆgf]
hUuf / 3/ 5} g . ;/sf/n]
l;+xb/af/leq lbPsf] Pp6f sf]7faf6
rN5 cflwsfl/s 6«]8 o'lgogsf]
sfof{no .
s'g s'g ;+u7gsf sxfF 5g\\ hUuf
/ ejg <
tTsfnLg Pdfn]lgs6 g]kfn
g]skfåf/f /fhaGbL l/xfOsf] kIfdf / P;kLkL ;Demf}tflj?4 b]ze/ d;fn h'n'; k|bz{g
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n]
laxLaf/ /fhaGbL l/xfO{sf] kIfdf,
P;kLkL ;Demf} t fsf] lj?4df
k"jO{ nfdb]lv dxfsfnL;Dd g]kfn Ps
;fy d;fn h'n; ' ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
g]skfåf/f 3f]lift ;+3if{sf] s]Gb|Lo
sfo{ q md cGt/ut sf7df8f} F
pkTosfnfufot b] z sf ljleGg
:yfgdf /fhaGbL l/xfOsf] kIfdf /
P;kLkL ;Demf}tfsf] lj?4df laxLaf/
;fFem d;fn h'n;" ePsf] ;dfrf/ k|fKt
ePsf] 5 .
o;}qmddf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
O{nfdn] P;lkkL ;Demf}tfnufot
;a}vfn] /fi6«3ft lj?4 dzfn h'n; ' ePsf] atfP . ;fy} cldl/sL
u/]sf] 5 . Onfdsf] dfO{ gu/kflnsf
z'qmaf/] ahf/df ;DkGg pQm dzfn
h'n; ' kl5sf] sf]0f ;efdf af]Nb} kf6L{sf
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o tyf O{nfd lhNnf O{Grfh{
;'dgl;+xn] P;lkkL;Fu} cd]l/sg
;]gfx? g]kfndf cfpg nfu]sf] / o;n]
b]znfO{{ pklgj]z agfpg], o'4e"lddf
kl/0ft ug],{ g]kfln hgtfnfO{{ u'nfd
agfpg] ePsf]n] o;nfO{{ k|lt/f]w u/]/
nv]6g\ ' kg]{ ;do cfPsf] atfP . pgn]
;fd|fHojfb cfˆgf] clGtd lrxfg vGg
g]kfn k|jz ] u/]sf] / ;fd|fHojfb—
nfO{{ v/fgL kfg{ /fli6«o k|lt/f]w ;+3if{sf]
g]tT[ j ub}{ cufl8 a9\g cfˆgf] kf6L{
tof/ /x]sf] l;+xn] atfP . sf]0f ;efsf]
;+rfng g]skf O{nfdsf ;lra df};dn]
u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
pbok'/n] laxLaf/ ;fFem P;lkkL
;Demf}tfnufot ;a}vfn] /fi6«3ft
lj?4 dzfn h'n; ' u/]sf] 5 . ufO{3f6
ahf/sf] lgnf] k'naf6 g]kfn sDo'lg:6
kf6L{sf g]tf, sfo{stf{n] d;fn af]s/]
/fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L vf/]h u/, a9\bf]
dxFuL lgoGq0f u/, e|i6frf/LnfO{{
sfaf{xL u/, aGbLx? l/xfO{ u/ h:tf
gf/fx? nufpb} ahf/ kl/qmdf u/L
d]g rf]sdf sf]0f;ef u/]sf lyP . pQm
sf]0f;efdf af]Nb} g]skf pbok'/sf
lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;+u7gn] ;/sf/L
hUuf cfˆgf] ks8df NofO l;+xb/af/
blIf0f u]6 glhs} Ps /f]kgL hUufdf
km}lnPsf] emG8} ;f9] b'O{ s/f]8sf] $
tn] ejg agfPsf] 5 . /fli6«o :jtGq
sd{rf/L ldng s]Gb|n] ! c;f/ @)^*
df sf7df8f}F –#@ df lsQf gDa/ #%#
sf] ! /f]kgL ;/sf/L hUuf cfˆgf] efudf
kf/]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL jif{sf] $ kmfu'gdf
of] ;+:yfn] sf7df8f}F –#@ d} yk !
/f]kgL hUuf kfPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
To:t} g]kfnL sf+u; ]| lgs6 g]kfn
lghfdtL sd{rf/L o'lgog, dw]zjfbL
bn lgs6 g]kfn dw]zL sd{rf/L
o'lgog / Pdfn] lgs6 g]kfn lghfdtL
sd{rf/L ;+u7gn] sf7df8f}–F !! df !
/ ! /f]kgL ;/sf/L hUuf kfPsf 5g\\ .
sd{rf/Lsf g]tfx¿n] oL hUufdf ag]sf
ejgdf sfg"g ljk/Lt t];f| ] kIfnfO{{
ef8fdf nufpFb} cfPsf 5g\\ .
o;}u/L dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|lgs6 g]kfn
/fli6« o sd{ r f/L ;+ u 7gsf]
aa/dxndf ! /f]kgLdf ag]sf] ! s/f]8
@% nfvsf] $ tn] ejg 5 . d'Vo
bn ;Dj4 sd{rf/Lsf ;+u7gn]
;/sf/L ejgnfO{ { Joj;flos
k|of]hgdf dfq xf]Og kf6L{sf] clkm;
;d]t agfPsf 5g\\ . sltko ;+:yfsf
ejgdf clxn] kf6L{sf] clkm; 5 .
sf+u;]| lgs6 g]kfn lghfdtL sd{rf/L
o'lgog -;+3_ sf] aa/dxnl:yt jg
kl/;/df sl/a Ps s/f]8 kg]{ b'Ot{ n]
ejg 5 . aa/dxnsf] jg kl/;/leq}
dw] z L bnlgs6 g] k fn dw] z L
lghfdtL sd{rf/L d~rsf] s/f]8f}+
d"No kg]{ kfFrtn] ejg 5 . d~rn]
klg cfˆgf] ejgdf lgodljk/Lt
nf]stflGqs ;dfhjfbL kf6L{nfO{{
ef8fdf lbPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] pknAw
;]qm]6/L nId0fn] /fi6«3ftL Pd;L;L
;Demf}tf s'g} klg xfntdf sfo{gog
ug{ glbg] s'/f atfP .
pgn] ;+;lbo Aoa:yfdf xTof,
lx+;f, anfTsf/, n'6kf6, rf]/Lk}7f/L,
dxËL, sfnf] ahf/L / d"Noj[l4 lbgx'F
lbg eO/x]sf]n] g]kfln hgtf o;sf]
k|ltsf/df plqg' kg]{ atfP . ;/sf/n]
g]skf;Fu u/]sf] ltg a'bF ] ;xdltdf
Ps a'bF ] dfq} ;xdlt sfof{Gjog u/]sf]
/ c? b'O{ a'bF ] ;xdlt sfof{Gjog
;/sf/n] gu/]sf] sf/0f xfdLn] ;+sl] ts
¿kdf of] sfo{qmd dfq} u/]sf] xf] .
;/sf/n] o;/L g} l9nf;':tL u/]/ xfd|f]
dfunfO{{ a]jf:yf u/]/ xfd|f aGbL
;fyLx¿ g5f8\g] / em'§f] d'2f vf/]h
/fHon] gug]{ xf] egL O6sf] hjfkm
kTy/n] lbg] /fHonfO{{ r]tfjgL;d]t
lbPsf lyP . b]z clxn] ;+s6k"0f{
cj:yfdf /x]sf]n ] ] b]znfO{{ arfpgsf
nflu b]znfO{{ dfof ug]{ /fi6«k|]dL,
a'l4hLlj, sd{rf/L, dhb'/, ls;fg
;a}nfO{{ g]skfn] NofPsf] sfo{qmdnfO{{
;fy / ;xof]u lbgsf] nflu cfXjfg
u/]sf lyP .
otf, ?kGb]xLsf] a'6jnl:yt
k'Nrf]s b'uf{ dlGb/af6 ;'? ePsf]
d;fn h'n'; ahf/ kl/qmdf u/L
uf]nkfs{ rf]sdf k'u/] sf]0f;efdf
kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . ;f] sf]0f;efnfO{{
;Daf]wg ub}{ af]Nb} g]skf ¿kGb]xL !
gDa/ sdf08 OGrfh{ la/]Gb| ljsn]
s]kL cf]nL g]tT[ jsf] ;/sf/ / g]skfaLr
ePsf] tLg a'bF ] ;xdlt of] ;/sf/n]
kfngf gu/L ;xdlt ePsf] Ps
jif{;Dd klg ;Dk"0f{ /fhaGbL l/xfO{
u/fPsf] sfof{nodf s]xL sd{rf/L
;+u7gn] eg] lgod ljkl/t dft[
kf6L{nfO{{ sfof{no /fVg lbPsf 5g\\ .
g]skf Pdfn] ;Da4 lghfdtL
sd{rf/L ;+u7gdf oltv]/ ljeflht
ePsf] 5 . g]skf Pdfn] / PsLs[t
;dfhjfbL b'j} kIfn] aa/dxnl:yt
sfo{nodf cfcfˆgf] bfaL /fv]sf 5g\\ .
;f] ;+u7gsf] tNnf] tnfdf 6«8] o'lgog
Og6/g]zgn klAns ;le{;h ] P08
tf/f jfUn]
;Knfo;{ ;~rfng u/]sf] 5 . dfl;s
^) b]lv &) xhf/ lng] u/L ef8fdf
nufPsf]n] Tof] sfof{nodf ljjfb k/]sf]
atfOPsf] 5 .
sd{rf/Lsf 6«8] o'lgogx¿n] cf–
cfˆgf] cf:yfsf bn;Fu lgs6tf a9fO
pRr txsf /fhgLlts g] t [ T j,
;/sf/sf ;~rfns tyf k|zf;snfO{{
;d]t k|efjdf k/L ;/sf/L ;DklQ
cfˆgf] agfpg ;kmn ePsf 5g\\ .
sd{rf/Lsf o'lgogx¿n] ;fj{hflgs
;DklQ ;+:yfsf] gfddf rnfpg]
ToxfFaf6 ePsf] cfDbfgL cfˆgf] lxtdf
gul/Psf] / of] ;/sf/ lj?4 csf]{
cfGbf]ng ug{ afWo kfg{ vf]hs
] f] atfP .
pgn] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] ljleGg
afxfgfdf x:tIf]k u/]sf] ljifodf
ljutb]lv g} Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf g]kfnsf]
/fli6«o :jfwLgtfsf] kIfdf, g]kfnL
hgtfsf] kIfdf, g]kfnsf] ljsf;
lgdf{0fsf] kIfdf gePsf] / /fi6«3ftL
;Demf}tf ePsf] eGb} o;nfO{{ vf/]h
ug{'kg]{ dfu;lxt g]skfn] lg/Gt/
;‹if{df nfUg] atfP . pgn] k]6f« l] nod
kbfy{sf] d"No j[l4 ¿kdf ePklg
g]tfx? r'krfk a;]sf] / ul/a
hgtfx?n] ;femf laxfgsf] r'nf] aNg
g;Sg] cj:yfdf ePsf] pNn]v ub}{
a9\bf] d"Noj[l4 tTsfn vf/]h ug{k' g]{
eGb} o;sf lj?4 g]skf lg/Gt/ ;+3if{
ug]{ atfP . sfo{qmddf g]skf ?kGb]xL
lhNnf lhNnfsf g] t f tyf
sfo{stf{;lxtsf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
k|of]u u/]sf 5g\\ . /fi6«;j] ssf] vf]n
cf]8/] cg'lrt / cj}wflgs sfddf
;+nUg sd{rf/Lsf g]tfaf6 ;/sf/L
;DklQsf] b'?kof]u x'bF f ;d]t ;/sf/n]
eg] d'sbz{s ag]/ a;]sf] 5 .
o;/L kfP sd{ r f/Lsf 6« ] 8
o' l gogn] hUuf
Ps bzs cl3b]lv g} tTsfnLg
lghfdtL sd{rf/L ;+u7gsf cWoIf
/x] s f lghfdtL sd{ r f/Lx¿sf]
cflwsfl/s 6«8] o'lgogsf sfo{jfxs
cWoIf ef]nfgfy kf]v/]nn] af/Daf/
;/sf/;Fu ;+u7gsf] clkm;sf] nflu
eGb} ;/sf/;Fu hUuf dfUg'ePsf]
lyof] . To; a]nf tTsfnLg g]skf
Pdfn]sf cWoIf tyf dfwj s'df/
g]kfn;Fu hUuf dfu]sf] t/ gkfPsf]
pxfF n ] atfpg' e of] . tTsfnLg
k| w fgdGqL dfwjs' d f/ g] k fn
sd{ r f/LnfO{ { hUuf lbg /fhL
gePkl5 ef]nf kf]v/]nn] emngfy
vgfnnfO{{ kmsfpg yfNg'eof] . cfˆg}
cu|;/tfdf d'2f n8]/ @)^* c;f/
! ut] tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL emngfy
vgfnnfO{{ k|efjdf kf/L sd{rf/L
;+u7gx¿nfO{{ !–! /f]kgL hUuf
lbnfpg ;kmn ePsf] kf]v/]nn]
pNn] v ug{ ' e of] . sd{ r f/Lsf
;+ u 7gx¿nfO{ { hUuf glbP;Dd
cfGbf]ng ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf 6«]8
o'lgog ;Dj4 sd{rf/Lx¿n] b'O{
lbg;Dd b]ze/sf ;/sf/L sfo{nodf
tfnfaGbL;d] t u/] s f lyP .
sd{rf/Lsf g]tfx¿n] af/Daf/ bjfj
lbO/x]sf lyP . t/, tTsfnLg ;fdfGo
k| z f;gdGqL o' j /fh sfsL{ n ]
pgLx¿sf] s'/f ;'Gg'ePsf] lyPg .
To;}a]nf o'j/fh sfsL{ ljb]z uPsf]
df}sfdf Pdfn]sf 3gZofd e';fn
slknj:t'n] ;Dk"0f{ /fhaGbL l/xfO{sf]
dfu / P;kLkL ;Demf}tflj?4 d;fn
h' n ' ; ;DkGg u/] s f] 5 . gf/f
h'n';;lxt uh]x8f rf]sdf cfP/
sf]0f;efdf kl/0ft ePsf] lyof] . pQm
sfo{qmdnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ lhNnf
;]qm]6/L sdn s];Ln] ;/sf/ Ps kl5
csf]{ /fi6«3ftdf nfu]sf] / o:tf] xs{t
ca g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;}Xo gx'g] lhls/
u/] . ;fy} ;/sf/;Fu g]skfn] u/]sf]
# a' F b ] ;Demf} t f /fHo kIfaf6
sfof{Gjog gePsf] cem} &) eGbf a9L
g]tf em'§f d'2fsf] ;fdgf ub}{ h]n hLjg
latfO/x]sf]kl| t cfˆgf] kf6L{ uDeL/
;fd|fHojfbsf] 7f8f] x:tIf]ksf lj?4
g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ lg/Gt/ nl8/xg]
pgn] r]tfjgL lbP . sfo{qmdsf]
;Grfng yf? /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf
s]lGb|o cWoIf ;'lgn yf?n] u/]sf lyP .
o:t} g] k fn sDo' l g:6 kf6L{
l;Gw'kfNrf]sn] ;Dk"0f{ /fhaGbL l/xf
ug{ , P;kLkL ;Demf} t f gug{ /
d"Noa[l4lj?4df d]nDrL ahf/df
d;fn h'n'; ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
otf, /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tf Pd;L;L
/ P;kLkL ;Demf}tflj?4 g]skf
dsjfgk'/n] eJo ¿kdf x]6f}+8fdf
d;fn h'n'; u/]sf] 5 eg] g]kfn
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
;fdfGo k|zf;g dGqL aGg'ePsf]
lyof] . pxfFn] /ftf/ft sd{rf/Lsf dfu
;Daf] w g ub} { sd{ r f/Lsf
;+u7gx¿nfO{{ ! – ! /f]kgL hUuf
lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] ef]nf kf]v/]n
atfpg'xG' 5 .
;/sf/n] hUuf lbF b f vf] n f
5]p5fpsf], s'g} k|of]udf gcfpg] /
b'?kof]u ePsf] hUuf dfq k|of]u ug{
kfpg] zt{ /fvL cgfdgu/l:yt vf]nf
5]psf] hUuf lbPsf] lyof] . t/, s'g}
klg sd{rf/Lsf ;+:yfn] ;f] hUufdf
ejg agfPgg\ . Tof] hUuf clxn] klg
cnkq g} 5 . bn lgs6 sd{rf/Lsf
;+u7gn] cf–cfˆgf bnsf g]tT[ jnfO{{
k'gM bjfj lbO{ aa/dxndf km]l/ cs}{
hUuf xTofpg ;kmn eP . clxn] ltg}
hUufdf ag]sf ejg Joj;fo ug]s { f]
nflu / /fhgLlt ug]s { f] nflu ef8fdf
nufPsf x'g\ .
zt{ a df] l hd ;~rfngdf
gcfPkl5 ;/sf/L hUufdf ag]sf
ejg /f]Ssf ug{k' g]{ dfu p7\g yfn]sf
5g\ \ . lghfdtL sd{ r f/Lx¿sf]
cflwsfl/s 6«8] o'lgogsf sfo{jfxs
cWoIf ef]nfgfy kf]v/]n cflwsfl/s
6«8] o'lgogsf] nflu dfq Pp6f ejg
lbg'kg]{ c? ;a} ;+u7gn] ef]urng
ub}{ cfPsf ejg /f]Ssf ug{'kg]{
atfpg'xG' 5 .
sd{ r f/Lsf] 6« ] 8 o' l gogsf
cfDbfgLsf] ;| f ] t s] <
ljleGg r/0fdf bnsf] g]tT[ jnfO{{
k|efjdf kf/L hUuf cfˆgf] ks8df
kfl/;s]kl5 Joj;foL tyf 7]sb] f/;Fu
rGbf lbP/ s/f]8f}Fsf] ejg agfPsf
sd{ r f/Lsf o' l gogx¿n] ;b:o
sd{ r f/Laf6 p7fOg] n] a L,
z'elrGtssf] ;xof]u / rf8kj{df
sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ u'NdLn] lhNnfsf] b'O{
:yfgdf d;fn h'n'; u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL ;]gf / cd]l/sL ;/sf/aLr
x:tfIf/ x'g nfu]sf] P;kLkL ;Demf}tf
/ Pd;L;L vf/]hLsf] dfu ub}{ d;fn
h'n'; u/]sf] xf] . lhNnfsf] ;TojtL
ufpFkflnsf 7"nf] n'Dk]s / w'sf]{6
ufpFkflnsfdf d;fn h'n'; k|bz{g
u/]sf] xf] . 7"nf] n'Dk]sdf ePsf] d;fn
h'n; ' kl5 sf]0f;efnfO{{ ;Daf]wg ub}{
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ;'dgn] P;kLkL
;Demf} t f lxGb k| z fGt
/0fgLltcGtu{tsf] ;}Go u7aGwg
ePsf] eGb} o;sf] vf/]hL x'g'kg]{
atfPsf 5g\\ . pgn] PkLkL ;Demf}tf
Pd;L;L kl/of]hgfsf] lg/Gt/tf ePsf]
eGb} o;n] b]zsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfdfly
uDeL/ xdnf u/]sf] atfP . pgn]
j}bl] zs x:tIf]ksf] d"n sf/0f g]kfnsf]
bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yf ePsf] sf/0f
o;sf lj?4 / ;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4
;Fu; } uF } n8\gk' g]{ atfP .
sf]0f;efdf du/ d'lQm df]rf{
g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ?b| >L;n]
Pd;L;L / P;kLkL ;Demf}tfsf
bnfnx?nfO{{ ufpFufpFaf6 alx:sf/
ug{ ' k g] { atfP . d;fn h' n ' ; df
o'jfx?n] gf/fafhL ub}{ d;fn afn]sf
lyP . To;}u/L w'sf]{6sf] aaf]{6df
v]nfO{g] lr¶fnfO{{ pgLx¿n] cfDbfgLsf]
d'Vo ;|ft] atfpg] u/]sf 5g\\ . g]kfn
lghfdtL sd{rf/L o'lgogsf cWoIf
uf]kfn kf]v/]nn] klqsf lgsfNbf
a6'ns ] f] lj1fkg / rGbfaf6 sfof{no
;~rfng x'g] u/]sf] atfpg'eof] .
o'lgogdf @% b]lv #) xhf/ sd{rf/L
/x]sf] pgsf] bfaL ub}{ pxfFn] ltg}
sd{rf/Lsf] n]aL tyf lr¶fdfkm{t\
cfly{s hf]xf] u/]/ ejg agfOPsf]
pNn]v ug{e ' of] .
o;}u/L tTsfnLg dfcf]jfbLlgs6
/fli6«o sd{rf/L ;+u7gsf cWoIf xl/
/fjnn] sfof{nosf] ejg Ps tnf
SoflG6gnfO{{ ef8fdf nufPsf] / c?
7fpF sfof{nosf] sfddf k|of]u ePsf]
atfpg'eof] . /fjnn] SoflG6gsf]
dfl;s $) xhf/ ef8fn] g} sfof{no
;~rfng e}/x]sf] bfjL ug{e' of] . To:t}
dw]zL lghfdtL sd{rf/L d~rn] klg
sd{rf/Laf6 k};f p7fP/ kfFrtn]
ejg agfPsf] hgfPsf] 5 . t/
d~rn] sfof{nosf] cfDbfgL / a}+s
Aofn]G; eg] atfPgg\ .
6«]8 o'lgogx¿ kf/bzL{ aGg
g;s] s fn] ljjfbdf kb} { cfPsf]
k|zf;gljb\ atfpF5g\\ . k|zf;g If]qsf
1ftf eLdb]j e§ hlt kf6L{sf ;/sf/
aG5g\ \ lt ;a} n ] nfrf/ eP/
sd{rf/Lsf o'lgogx¿n] h] eG5g\\
ToxL ul/lbg] u/] s f sf/0f
o' l gogx¿df dgf] d fgL a9] s f]
atfpg'x'G5 . cfO{PPgP;;Fu s'/f
ub}{ pxfFn] eGg'eof] bn}lkR5]sf
ljeflht sd{ r f/Laf6 lgikIf
k| z f;gsf] ljsf; ug{ ;lsb} g
sd{rf/Lsf x/]s ultljlwsf] lgu/fgL
/fVb} Jojl:yt ug{ ;Sg'k5{ .
>f]tM cfOPgP;–:jtGq ;dfrf/
ePsf] d;fn h' n ' ; kl5sf]
sf]0f;efnfO{{ clvn g]kfn ls;fg
dxf;+3 qmflGtsf/Lsf lhNnf cWoIf
ljgf]bn] ;Daf]wg u/]sf lyP . P;kLkL
;Demf}tf / Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf lj?4
gf/fafhL ub}{ ls;fgnfO{{ ;dod}
dnlap lbg'kg],{ /fhaGbLx?nfO{{ l/xfO{
ug{k' g],{ d"Noa[l4 tTsfn cGTo ug{k' g],{
bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cGTo x'gk' g]{
eGb} gf/fafhL u/]sf lyP .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
s~rgk' / n] kf6L{ s f] cd] l /sL
;fd| f HojfbL /0fgLlt P;kLkL
;+emf}tfsf] lj/f]wdf dx]Gb|gu/df
d;fn h'n'; k|bz{g u/]sf] 5 .
lj/f]w h'n';kl5sf] sf]0f ;efnfO{{
;Daf]wg ub}{ clvn qmflGtsf/Lsf
s]lGb|o ;lrjfno ;b:o k|sfz
hk| ] n n] cd] l /sL ;] g f b] z df
leq\ofpg] P;kLkL ;Demf}tf oyfzL3|
vf/]h ug{' kg]{ dfu u/]sf 5g\
cGoyf o;sf lj?4 cfˆgf] kf6L{n]
lgd{d ;+3if{ klg pgn] atfP . To:t}
csf{ jQmf g]skf k"j{ lhNnf ;lrj
jL/]Gb| n'xf/n] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfsf]
k|efj sf] ?kdf clxn] P;kLkL
b]lvPsf] 5 of] b]z / hgtfsf] lxtdf
5}g of] ;Demf}tfnfO{{ vf/]h ug{' sf]
ljsNk g/x]sf] pgn] atfP .
 @)&( ;fn c;f/ % ut] cfOtaf/
cd]l/sfåf/f g]kfnnfO{{ :6]6 kf6{g/;Lk k|fu] f| d -P;kLkL_ ;Demf}tf ug{ bjfa
sf7df8f}F . g]kfndf cfˆgf ;]gf
leq\ofpg] of]hgfcg';f/ cd]l/sfn]
:6]6 kf6{g/;Lk k|f]u|fd -P;kLkL_
;Demf}tfsf] k|:tfj u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn
;/sf/ / cd]l/sfsf] g]zgn uf8{aLr
/fHo:t/Lo ;xsfo{ sfo{ q md -
P;kLkL_ ug{ cd]l/sfn] k|:tfj u/]sf]
xf] . P;kLkLsf] !) a'Fb] ;fem]bf/L
kqdf cd]l/sL ;]gf / g]kfnL ;]gfaLr
;xsfo{ ug]{ ljifodf pNn]v 5 .
k| w fgdGqL z] / axfb' / b] p jfsf]
cd]l/sf e|d0fnfO{{ lnP/ ljleGg
/fhgLlts bnx¿n] cfz+sf JoQm
ul//x] s f] a] n f cd] l /sfn] :6] 6
kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| d -P;kLkL_ gfdsf]
;Demf}tf ug{sf nflu To;sf] d:of}bf
g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{{ a'emfPsf] 5 . ^
k[i7 nfdf] / !) wf/fdf /x]sf] pQm
;Demf}tfsf] d:of}bfdf cd]l/sL /
g]kfnL ;]gfaLr pRr lxdfnL If]qdf
;}Go cEof; ug]{b]lv g]kfnL ;]gfsf]
Jofj;flos Ifdtf j[l4sf nflu
cd]l/sf / g]kfnd} tflnd lbg]
k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5 .
d:of}bfdf cd]l/sL ;]gfn] uf8L
dfq xf]Og, hxfh klg Nofpg],
ltgLx¿n] oxfF cEof; tyf 6«flGh6sf]
clwsf/ / OGwg eg]{ ;'ljwf kfpg]
Joj:yf 5 . To:t} cd]l/sL ;]gfn]
;~rf/ k|ljlw h8fg ug],{ g]kfndf
t} g fy tyf kl/rflnt cd] l /sL
;}lgssf] a;f]af;sf nflu g]kfnn]
e" l d pknAw u/fpg] ;t{ klg
;Demf}tfdf /flvPsf 5g\ . …g]kfnL
sfg'gsf] k"0f{ ;Ddfg ub}{ ;xdlt
ePsf If]q tyf ;'ljwfdf o'6fx g];gn
uf8{sf] k"0f{ kx'r
F x'g5] . ;+oQ' m /fHo
cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{ tyf o;sf
7]sb] f/ -x¿_ n] ;+oQ' m /fHo jf o;sf
nflu ;~rfng ug]{ ;jf/L;fwg tyf
xn'sf ljdfgsf nflu cEof;, 6«flGh6
tyf OGwg eg],{ c:yfoL dd{t ug]{
tyf ;}lgssf nflu cfjf;, ltgsf
;~rf/ k|ljlw, kmf}h tyf ltgsf]
aGbf]a:tLsf ;fdfgsf] cfk"lt{, t}gfyL
tyf kl/rfng cyjf ;Demf}tfsf
kIfx¿ ;xdt ePsf cGo
p2]Zox¿sf nflu cfu|x ul/Psf
avt g] k fn ;/sf/n] cfˆgf]
:jfldTjdf /x]sf If]qx¿df g];gn
uf8{nfO{{ c:yfoL kxFssr pknAw
u/fpg]5,Ú wf/f @ -s_ df elgPsf]
5 .
g];gn uf8{sf nflu cfjZos
k"jf{wf/ agfpg, ;+/rgf kl/jt{g ug{
tyf pkof]u ug]{ ljifo klg d:of}bfdf
:ki6;Fu n]lvPsf] 5 . wf/f @-u_
df elgPsf] 5, …k"jf{wf/ tyf If]q
pknAw u/fpFbf g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cd]l/sL g];gn uf8{sf] ;~rfng
tyf ;'/Iff ;/f]sf/nfO{{ ;Ddfg ug]5
.Ú nuQ}sf] pkwf/fdf elgPsf] 5,
…g] k fn ;/sf/af6 v6fOPsf
clwsf/Ln] cd]l/sL g];gn uf8{sf]
kmf}hsf nflu cfjZos k"jf{wf/
lgdf{0f, ;+/rgf kl/jt{g jf ;'wf/sf
nflu ;xhLs/0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L k"/f
ug]{5g\ .Ú To:t} @-3_ df elgPsf]
5, …o:tf k"jf{wf/ ljsf;, ;~rfng
tyf dd{ t sf] ljQLo lhDd] j f/L
cd]l/sfn] lng]5 .Ú
cd]l/sL ;]gfn] g]kfnsf pRr
ef}uf]lns If]qdf ;+o'Qm cEof; ug]{
Joj:yf klg d:of}bfdf 5 . ;xsfo{sf
If]q eGb} wf/f # df elgPsf] 5,
…pRr ef}uf]lns If]qdf ;+oQ' m cEof;,
ljkt\ Joj:yfkg tyf p4f/;DaGwL
;+o'Qm cEof; . cGt/sfo{ cEof; .
g]kfnnfO{{ xn'sf tyf u}/3fts ;}Go
;fdu|L ;xof]u, g]kfnL ;]gfsf nflu
;fOa/ ;' / Iff;DaGwL tflnd,
cft+sjfblj?4 g]kfnL ;]gfsf] u'Ktr/
Ifdtf lj:tf/ . cd]l/sfdf g]kfnL
;}lgssf nflu tflndsf] cj;/,
g]kfndf cd]l/sL ;]gfsf nflu tflnd
cj;/ .Ú ;}lgs ultljlwsf nflu
cfjZos ;a} cfly{ s …;xof] u Ú
cd]l/sfn] ug]{ elgPsf] 5 . t/,
5
To:tf] …;xof]uÚ cd]l/sL ;]gfs} cEof;
/ k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf vr{ x'g]5 .
cGt/f{li6«o Goflos lgsfodf hfg
klg aGb]h nufOPsf] 5 . …;Demf}tfsf]
P;kLkL;DaGwL ;Demf} t f cl3
a9fpg lgs} ;sf/fTds eP klg
u¥of] . b]pjf ;/sf/sf cy{dGqL
1fg] G b| a xfb' / sfsL{ s f] cd] l /sf
O{Zj/ kf]v/]n;Fu To;af/] 5nkmn
u/] . ;g\ @)!( l8;]Da/df g]kfn
…cd]l/sfn] g]kfn ;/sf/dfkm{t\ g]kfnL JofVof tyf sfof{Gjogsf ljifodf s'g} ef/tLo gfsfaGbL nuQ}sf] kl/j]zdf e|d0fdf pQm ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ e|d0fdf cfPsf OG8f]–Kofl;lkms
;]gfnfO{{ %) s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ ljjfb ePdf b'j} kIfn] cfk;d} ;Demf} t fkq ;} l gs d' V ofnodf ePsf] lyof] . To;a]nf Pd;L;L If]qsf] ;'/Iff dfldnf x]g]{ cd]l/sL
cg'bfg pknAw u/fpg]5 / o;}dfkm{t\ ;dfwfg ug]5 { g\,\ lg¿k0fsf nflu s'g} yGSofP/ /flvPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . ljjflbtdf tflgPsf] lyPg lsgls ;xfos /IffdGqL ¥ofG8n ;|fOe/n]
o; ;Demf}tfadf]lhdsf ;xsfo{sf /fli6« o jf cGt/f{ l i6« o Goflos To;kl5 g]kfn e|d0fdf cfPsf pQm ;Demf} t fnfO{ { cd] l /sfn] tTsfnLg /IffdGqL O{Zj/ kf]v/]n;Fu
;a} lqmofsnfk x'g]5g\ . of] /sd Gofoflws/0f jf dWo:ytfsf nflu cd] l /sL ;} l gs clwsf/Lx?n] To;a]nf;Fu lxGb k|zfGt /0fgLltsf] :6] 6 kf6{ g /l;k k| f ] u | f d;DaGwL
cGo p2]Zodf vr{ ug{ kfOg]5g} ,Ú t];|f] kIfdf hfg] 5}gg\ .Ú P;kLkL cl3 ga9fPsf] c;Gt'li6 c+u elg;s]sf] lyPg . Pd;L;Ldf ;dembf/Lkq rfF8} 6'U+ ofpg hf]8 u/] .
wf/f * df elgPsf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;]gfn] klxnf] k6s ;g\ rflxF hgfO/x]s} lyP . k|wfg;]gfklt x:tfIf/ ePkl5 P;kLkL klg cl3 /IffdGqL kf]v/]nn] pQm sfo{qmdaf/]
;Demf}tfdf pNn]v ePsf] /sd @)!% df P;kLkL;DaGwL ;Demf}tfkq If]qL ;g\ @)!& df cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] a9\gd ] f cd]l/sL kIf 9'Ss lyof] . g]kfn ;sf/fTds /x]sf] hjfkm t
kfFr jif{;Dd vr{ ug]{ elgPsf] 5 . g]kfn k7fPsf] lyof] . g]kfnL ;]gfsf lgDtf]df cdl/sf hfFbf klg cd]l/sL t/, k| w fg;] g fklt If] q Lsf lbP t/ To;nfO{{ cl3 a9fPgg\ .
t/, b'O{ ;Demf}tf slxn];Dd hf/L tTsfnLg k|wfg;]gfklt /fh]Gb| If]qLsf] kIfsf] d'Vo rf;f] P;kLkLd} lyof] . pQ/flwsf/Lsf ?kdf ;g\ @)!* To;a] n f;Dd cd] l /sL ;] g fsf]
/xg] eGg] :ki6 5}g lsgls ;Demf}tf kfnfdf cd]l/sL ;]gfn] P;kLkLaf/]sf] t/, pQm ;Demf}tfkqnfO{{ cl3 a9fpg ;]K6]Da/df kbjxfnL u/]sf k"0f{rGb| P;kLkL;DaGwL k|:tfjaf/] g]kfnL ;]gf
kfFr jif{df ;lsg]5 eg]/ ls6fg ;Demf}tfkq k7fPsf] clxn] & jif{ If] q Ln] tbf?stf b] v fPgg\ . yfkf;Fu cd]l/sL ;}lgs clwsf/Ln] / /Iff dGqfno dfq} hfgsf/ lyP .
ul/Psf] 5}g . To;dfly cd]l/sL lalt;s]sf] 5 . …;Demf}tfkq To;a]nf P;kLkL;DaGwL ;Demf}tfnfO{{ vf;} P;kLkL ;Demf}tf …k]lG8ªÚ /x]sf] af/] cd] l /sL ;] g fsf] lg/Gt/sf]
kmf}h cfpg] dfq elgPsf] 5, t/ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] pRrtxdf dfq} ;Lldt rf;f] glbPsf] g]kfnn] ;g\ @)!& k'gM s'/f p7fpFbf yfkf ;sf/fTds tfs]tfkl5 P;kLkL;DaGwL k|:tfljt
slt ;+Vofdf eg]/ l;dfgf tf]lsPsf] /Xof] . To;af/] k|wfg;]gfklt If]qLn] cu:6df cd]l/sL ;xof]u kl/of]hgf b] l vPgg\ . k| w fg;] g fklt yfkf ;Demf}tfaf/] k//fi6« dGqfno;Fu klg
5}g . ;Demf}tfsf s'g} wf/fdf ljjfb pRr /fhgLlts txdf k/fdz{ ug{ ldn] l god Rofn] G h skf] { / ] ; g - ;sf/fTds gePkl5 cd] l /sfn] /IffdGqL kf]v/]nn] k/fdz{ u/] .
ePdf lg¿k0fsf nflu /fli6«o jf cfjZos 7fg]gg\ . k|wfg;]gfklt If]qL Pd;L;L_ ;Demf}tfdf eg] x:tfIf/ tTsfnLg cf]nL ;/sf/sf /IffdGqL k/fdz{kl5 /Iff, k//fi6« / g]kfnL
;]gfsf aLrdf Ps cWoog ;ldlt
cd]l/sfn] g]kfnL ;]gf;“u ;xsfo{sf nflu u/]sf] ‘P;kLkL’ ;Demft} fsf] k|:tfj
;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] tkm{af6 /Iff dGqfno tyf ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq
g]kfnsf tkm{af6 g]kfnL ;]gfaLr o'6f g];gn uf8{ / g]kfnL ;]gfaLrsf] :6]6
!=% g]kfndf cGt/;~rfng cEof;,
!=^ tf]lsPsf] g]kfnL lgsfon] l;kmfl/; u/]adf]lhd ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfdf g]kfnL
agfOof] . t/, Tof] ;ldltn] cWoog
k"/f gub}{ kf]v/]nsf] /IffdGqL kb
vf]l;of] . pgL k|wfgdGqL dftxt /xg]
pkk|wfgdGqLsf ?kdf k|wfgdGqL
kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| d;DaGwL ;Demf}tf M ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] o'6f g];gn uf8{ / gful/s g]tT[ jsf] ;+nUgtf, sfof{no ;?jf eP .
g]kfnL ;]gf -o;kl5 …kIfx?Ú elgg]_M ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sf / g]kfnaLrsf] a9\bf] !=& g]kfnL ;]gfn] dfu]adf]lhd xn'sf tyf u}/3fts ;}Go ;fdu|L ;xof]u To;a] n f k//fi6« d GqL /x] s f
;xsfo{;DaGwL Ps ;Demf}tfnfO{{ lgisif{df k'¥ofpg] OR5f /fVb}, o:tf] ;xsfo{ b'j} !=* g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ ;fOa/ ;'/Iff tflnd tyf pks/0f ;xof]u, k|bLks'df/ 1jfnL cd]l/sfsftkm{af6
kIfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf / ;+oQ' m /fi6«;3+ sf] a8fkqsf p2]Zo tyf cGo cGt/f{li6«o !=( g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k|ltcft+sjfb u'Ktr/ Ifdtf clej[l4 M g]kfnL ;]gfsf] P;kLkL;DaGwL ;Demf}tfdf k'gM
;Demf}tfaf6 pTkGg b'j} kIfsf] bfloTjsf] k"0f{ ;Ddfgdf cfwfl/t x'g] k'li6 ub},{ of] cfjZostfcg';f/ ;xsfo{sf ;xdt If]qx? kIfx?aLrsf] cfk;L ;xdltsf tfs]tf ePsf] lyof] . …:6]6 kf6{g/l;k
;xsfo{n] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;+:yfut tyf k|fljlws Ifdtf clej[l4df of]ubfg lbg] cfwf/df kl/jt{g x'g ;Sg]5 . To:tf] kl/jt{gsf] clen]v lnlvt ;"rgfsf sfo{qmd lxGb k|zfGt /0fgLltsf]
:jLsf/ ub},{ / cGt/f{li6«o zflGt tyf l:y/tfdf of]ubfg lbg / /Iff tyf ;'/Iffsf dfWodaf6 /flvg]5 . h;nfO{{ nfu" ePkl5 of] ;Demf}tfsf] lx:;f dflgg]5 . c+usf ?kdf ;g\ @)!( h'g dlxgfdf
If]qdf ;fem]bf/L ;'b9[ ug{ cfk;L ;xsfo{nfO{{ clej[l4 ug'k{ g]{ cfjZostfnfO{{ klxrfg wf/f $ cd] l /sf ;/sf/sf] cflwsfl/s
ub},{ lgDg ljifodf ;xdt ePsf 5f}–F aGbf]a:tL b:tfj]hsf ?kdf cfPkl5 :6]6
wf/f ! != of] ;Demf}tfcg';f/sf ultljlw ug{ lnlvt cfu|x ul/Padf]lhd g]kfn ;/sf/n] kf6{g/l;k sfo{qmddf g]kfnL ;]gf
kl/efiff ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{nfO{{ g]kfndf aGbf]a:tL;DaGwL ;xof]u ;xefuL x'bF f g]kfnsf] c;+nUg k//fi6«
of] ;Demf}tfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu lgDg kbfjnLx?nfO{{ oxfF kl/eflift ul/Psf] 5M pknAw u/fpg clwstd k|of; ug]5 { . gLltdf wSsf k' U g] b] l vPkl5
!= …g];gn uf8{Ú eGgfn] ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] o'6f g];gn uf8{sf ;b:o, u}/;}lgs @= cfu|x u/]adf]lhd k|fKt aGbf]a:tL;DaGwL ;xof]usf];o+ Q' m /fHo cd]l/sfn] ;dembf/L kqaf/] cWoog ug{ cf]nL
c+u / ltgsf] ;Dk"0f{ ;DklQ, pks/0f / ;fdu|L ;d]t ;fd]n lgsfo eGg] plrt d"No e'QmfgL ug]5{ . o; ;DaGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] ;/sf/n] ;ldlt agfPsf] lyof] .
a'lemG5 . hf] g]kfnL ;]gfsf] tflnd tyf ;+:yfut Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu g];gn uf8{nfO{{ g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ ul/g]eGbf sd cg'sn" Jojxf/ ug]5 { g} / of] ;ldltdf /Iff / k//fi6« dGqfnosf
g]kfndf /xg ;S5g\\ . sfddf ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{nfO{{ nfu" ul/g] b/ g]kfnL ;]gfn] clwsf/L ;xefuL lyP . ;ldlt
@= …tf]lsPsf lgsfoÚ eGgfn] ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] /Iff dGqfno / ;do;dodf ;dfg ;xof]usf nflu e'QmfgL ug]{ b/eGbf sd cg'sn" x'g] 5}g . agfOP klg Tof] k]lG8ª ePsf] lyof] .
b'j} kIfsf ;/sf/x?n] lg0f{o tyf lnlvt ?kdf ;"lrt u/]adf]lhd of] ;Demf}tfaf6 wf/f % cf] n L ;/sf/n] cl3 ga9fPsf]
pTkGg cGo ;Dks{ljGb'x? eGg] a'lemG5 . ;DklQ / s/ P;kLkL;DaGwL ;Demf}tfkq b]pjf
#= …u}/;}lgs 36sÚ, …cfl>tÚ / …;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf 7]sb] f/Ú kbfjnLsf] cy{ != of] ;Demf}tf adf]lhd ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{nfO{{ pknAw u/fOPsf] ;/sf/sf kfnfdf k'gM cl3 a9fpg
kIfx?åf/f cfjZostfcg';f/ cfk;L ;xdltsf] dfWodaf6 lgwf{/0f ul/g]5 . ;'ljwf tyf If]qx?df g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jfldTj sfod /xg]5 . kIfx? / tf]lsPsf k|of; cd]l/sfsf tkm{af6 ePsf] 5
$= …;xdt ePsf ;'ljwfÚ eGgfn] wf/f @ cg';f/sf ;'ljwfx? / of] ;Demf}tfcg';f/ lgsfox?n] ;xdt ;'ljwf jf If]q lkmtf{ ug]{ ;t{af/] k/fdz{ ug]5{ g\,\ h;df ;'wf/ / k|wfgdGqL b]pjf cd]l/sf hfFbf
eljiodf kIfx?aLr x'g;Sg] ;xdltsf cfwf/df to x'g] ;'ljwf eGg] a'lemG5 . tyf lgdf{0fsf] ;Defljt Ifltk"lt{ klg ;fd]n x'g5 ] . x:tfIf/ ug{ nfluPsf] 5 .
h;sf nflu ;xsfo{sf] of] cjlwdf g]kfnL e"lddf pkl:yt x'g;Sg] ;+oQ' m @= of] ;Demf}tfsf] k|of]hgsf nflu g]kfndf cfoft ul/Psf] jf clwu|x0f ul/Psf] g] k fn / cd] l /sfaLrsf
/fHosf g];gn uf8{sf tf]lsPsf sd{rf/LnfO{{ g]kfnL ;]gfn] k"0f{ ;xof]u k|bfg ;a} pks/0f, ;fdu|L, cfk"lt{, :yfGtl/t ;+/rgf / cGo rn ;DklQdf g]kfn s"6gLlts 5nkmn / a}7sx¿df
ug]5 { . ;/sf/n] s/ 5'6 pknAw u/fpg]5 . jfl;ª\6gn] af/Daf/ :6]6 kf6{g/l;k
%= …;xdt ePsf ;xsfo{sf If]qÚ eGgfn] wf/f # df plNnlvt If]qx?sf ;fy} of] wf/f ^ k|fu] f| ddf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] ;xeflutfaf/]
;Demf}tfcg';f/ eljiodf kIfx?n] lglb{i6 u/]sf If]qx? eGg] a'lemG5 . h;sf ;' / Iff k|lta4tf vf]Hb} cfPsf] atfOG5 .
nflu ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] /Iff dGqfnon] g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ k"0f{ ;xof]u pknAw != of] ;Demf}tfcg';f/ g]kfndf /x]sf ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{ / ltgsf lgjt{ d fg /IffdGqL 8f=ldg] G b|
u/fpg]5 . cfl>tx?sf] ;+/If0f tyf ;'/Iff ;'lglZrt ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfkm\gf] zlQmdf l/hfnn] :6]6 kf6{g/l;kdf g]kfnL
wf/f @ /x]sf ;a} plrt pkfo cjnDag ug]5{ . ;Demf}tf sfof{Gjogsf nflu sd{rf/Lx?, ;]gfsf] ;xeflutfaf/] cd]l/sf;Fu
;xdlt ePsf ;xsfo{sf ;'ljwf u}/;}lgs JolQmx?sf] cfjfthfjt / ;fdu|Lx?sf] cf];f/k;f/df kIfx?n] cg'sn" 5nkmn ePsf] / To;af/] cfk"mn]
!= g]kfnL sfg'gsf] k"0f{ ;Ddfgsf ;fy ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{nfO{{ Jojxf/ ug]5{ g\\ . ;sf/fTds hjfkm lbO;s]sf] atfPsf
;xdlt ePsf ;'ljwf / If]qx? k|of]udf kx'r F x'g5] . k|To]s ;'ljwf tyf If]qx?sf @= kIfx?aLrsf] jf tf]lsPsf lgsfox?aLrsf] cfk;L ;dembf/Ldf ;xdlt ePsf lyP . l/hfnnfO{ { cd] l /sfn]
nflu ;xdt ;'ljwf tyf If]q;DaGwL k|fljlws ljj/0f g]kfnL ;]gfsf] sfo{cg';f/ ;'ljwf tyf If]qeGbf aflx/ cfjthfjtdf ;'/Iff ug{] clwsf/ ;+oQ' m /fHo /IffdGqLsf] x} l ;otdf cd] l /sf
x'g5] . ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{ / ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf 7]sb] f/- cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{nfO{{ x'g5 ] . e| d 0fdf 8fs] s f] lyof] , h;df
{ x?_, ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfåf/f jf p;sf nflu ;~rflnt jfxg / ;fgf ljdfgn] wf/f & P;kLkLaf/] 5nkmn ug]{ tof/L lyof] .
k|lzIf0f, :yfgfGt/0f, ;xof]u / ;DalGwt ultljlwsf nflu o:tf ;xdt ;'ljwf sfof{Gjogsf] Joj:yf ut hgj/L @# b]lv km]a|c/L # ;Dd
tyf If]qx?sf] k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5g\\ . OGwg eg]{ sfd, jfxg tyf ljdfgx?sf] of] ;Demf}tfsf k|fjwfgnfO{{ sfof{Gjog ug{ plrt tl/sfn] kIfx? jf ltgsf 8] 9 ;ftf cd] l /sfsf] cf} k rfl/s
c:yfoL dd{t;Def/, sd{rf/L / ltgLx?sf] cfl>tsf] cfjf;, ;~rf/, ansf] tf]lsPsf lgsfox? sfof{Gjogsf] Joj:yfdf k|jz ] ug{ ;Sg]5g\\ . tf]lsPsf] lgsfon] e|d0fdf hfg] to ;d]t eO;s]sf]
k|bz{g / t}gfyL, pks/0f, cfk"lt{ / ;fdu|Lsf] kl/rfng tyf tf]lsPsf clGtd ?k lbPsf] k|aGw x:tfIf/ ePsf] ldltb]lv nfu" x'g5 ] . cj:yfdf l/hfnn] sf+ u | ] ;
clwsf/Lx?n] kIfx?aLrsf] ;xdltcg';f/ k|of]u ug{ ;Sg]5g\\ . cfu|x ul/Psf] wf/f * dxflwj] z gsf] k/fhokl5 dGqL
a]nf g]kfn ;/sf/n] :yfgLo ;/sf/x?sf] lgoGq0fdf /x]sf If]qdf ;+oQ' m /fHo ljQ tyf cjlw kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbPsf lyP .
cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{nfO{{ ultljlw tyf cEof;sf nflu c:yfoL kx'r F pknAw != ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfn] g]kfn ;/sf/dfkm{t\ ;}Go ljQ ;+oGqdfkm{t\ g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{{ …g]kfnaf6 klxnf]k6s /IffdGqLsf]
u/fpg]5 . %) s/f]8 cd]l/sL 8n/ cg'bfg pknAw u/fpg]5 . of] ;Demf}tf cGtu{tsf txdf cf}krfl/s?kdf cd]l/sf e|d0f
@= ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfn] wf/f @ -!_ sf] k|of]hgsf nflu ;Dk"0f{ ljQLo tyf ef}lts k/:k/ ;xsfo{sf] ;Dk"0f{ nfut ;f]xL /sdaf6 vr{ ul/g]5 . of] ljQLo cg'bfgsf] to ePsf] lyof] . cd]l/sL /Iff
nfut ;xof]u:j?k pknAw u/fpg]5 . pkof]u of] ;Demf}tfafx]s cGo p2]Zon] vr{ ug{ ;lsg] 5}g . dGqfno, cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] OG8f]
#= ;'ljwf tyf If]qx? pknAw u/fpFbf g]kfn ;/sf/n] ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] @= of] nufgLsf] cjlw ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sf / g]kfn ;/sf/sf tf]lsPsf lgsfon] Kofl;lkms sdfG8, cd]l/sL g];gn
g];gn uf8{sf] ;~rfng tyf ;'/Iff rf;f]sf] plrt Vofn ug]5 { . of] ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf] ldltn] kfFr jif{;Dd sfod /xg]5 . uf8{sf sfof{no klg e|d0f ug]{ d]/f]
$= ;xdlt ePsf ;xsfo{sf If]qx?sf] p2]Zosf nflu ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf wf/f ( sfo{qmd lyof] . t/, /IffdGqL kbaf6
g];gn uf8{ annfO{{ cfjZos h'g;'s} lgdf{0f, kl/jt{g / ;'wf/df tf]lsPsf] JofVof / ljjfb /fhLgfdf lbOxfn],F Ú 8f=l/hfnn] eg]sf
g]kfnL lgsfon] ;xhLs/0f ug]5 { . of] ;Demf}tfsf] JofVof jf sfof{Gjogsf ;DaGwdf pTkGg ePsf h'g;'s} d'2f jf lyP, …:6]6 kf6{g/l;k sfo{qmdaf/]
%= ;xdlt ePsf ;'ljwf jf If]qx?sf] k|of]usf nflu lgdf{0f jf ljsf; ubf{ To:tf] ljjfbnfO{{ kIfx?aLrsf] k/fdz{df ;dfwfg ul/g]5 . To:tf] ljjfb ;dfwfgsf nflu d}n] k|wfgdGqL b]pjfnfO{{ la|lkmª klg
lgdf{0f jf ljsf;, ;~rfng / ddt{sf] vr{ cd]l/sfn] a]xf]g5 {] . cGo s'g} /fli6«o jf cGt/f{li6«o GofofwLs/0f jf t];f| ] kIfsxfF k7fOg] 5}g . ul/;s]sf] 5' . d dGqL kbdf g/x]
wf/f # wf/f !) klg of] sfo{qmd cl3 a9\g5 ] . clxn]
;xdt ;xsfo{sf If]qx? sfof{Gjog, vf/]hL / ;+zf]wg k| w fgdGqL cfkm} F n ] /IffdGqLsf]
!= ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfsf] g];gn uf8{ / g]kfnL ;]gfn] lgDg If]qx?df ;xsfo{ != g]kfnn] of] ;Demf}tf nfu" ug{ cfjZos cfGtl/s sfg'gL ;t{x? k'/f u/]sf] eGb} sfo{ef/ ;DxfNg'ePsf] 5 . pxfFn]
ug]5{ g\M\ s"6gLlts dfWodaf6 k7fPsf] lnlvt ;"rgf cd]l/sfn] k|fKt u/]sf] ldltb]lv of] o;nfO{ { ;sf/fTds ?kdf cl3
!=! g]kfnsf] pRr e"efudf ;+oQ' m tflnd cEof;, ;Demf}tf nfu" x'g5 ] . o;sf] ;'?jftL cjlw kfFr jif{sf] x'g5
] . To;kl5 s'g} Ps a9fpg'xG' 5 .Ú
!=@ g]kfndf ;+oQ' m ljkb\Joj:yfkg tyf p4f/ cEof;, kIfn] s"6gLlts dfWodaf6 ^ dlxgfsf] lnlvt ;"rgf k7fP/ vf/]h gu/];Dd g]kfnL /IffdGqLsf] to ePsf] Tof]
!=# g]kfnL ;]gfsf clws[tx?sf nflu ;+oQ' m /fHo cd]l/sfdf ;+oQ' m km]nf]l;k of] ;Demf}tf sfod /xg]5 . g} klxnf] cf}krfl/s cd]l/sf e|d0f
sfo{ q md @= of] ;Demf}tf kIfx?aLrsf] lnlvt ;xdltcg';f/ ;+zf]wg x'g ;Sg]5 / Tof] wf/f lyof], h;df l8km]G; l8kf6{d]G6
!=$ o'6f g];gn uf8{sf clws[tx?sf nflu g]kfnsf] /fli6«o k|lt/Iff ljZjljBfnodf !) -!_ cg';f/ sfof{Gjogdf hfg]5 . h;sf] k|df0f:j?k k|To]s kIfn] /Ltk"js { k]G6fugdf b'O{ kIfLo ;'/Iff jftf{ ug]{
cNksflns km]nf]l;k, clVtof/L lbPsf] k|ltlglwdfkm{t\ of] ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\\ .Æ -af“ s L & k] h df_
 6 @)&( ;fn c;f/ % ut] cfOtaf/
emf]nf g} 3/
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] ;b:o x'g'
;/sf/sf] gh/df ck/fwL x'g', cem
cftª\ssf/L x'g' lyof] . t/, To;sf]
cfsif{0f 36\g'sf] ;§fdf emg\ w]/}
zf]ef b'nfn
a9]sf] lyof] . ;b:o ePkl5 jf ;b:o
g} geP klg dfcf]jfbL kf6L{nfO{{ ;xof]u
k'Ug] sfd ug'{ eg]sf] cfk/flws sfd
ug'{ a/fa/ lyof] . To;}n] hf]sf]xL
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] l;4fGt, sfdaf6
k|efljt eP/ To;};Fu hf]l8P/ sfd
ug{ yfn]kl5 l9nf]rfF8f] dfq xf]
;/sf/sf ;]gf, k|x/Lsf] kmGbfdf s'g}
klg a]nf kg{;Sg] k|an ;Defjgf
lyof] . of] yfxf x'bF fx'bF } klg dflg;x¿
aQLdf k'tnL em'lDdPem}F em'lDdGy] .
x' g klg Toltv] / sf] dfcf] j fbL
cfGbf]ng eg]sf] zf]lift, kLl8t,
ul/a, c;xfo, a]/f]huf/ cflbsf]
cfzfsf] s]Gb|laGb' g} lyof] . cd]l/sL
sDo'lg:6 g]tf aa ceflsogn] eg]em}F
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ …cfzfljxLgx¿sf]
cfzfÚ lyof] . hglj/f]wL sfd ug]{
:yfgLo :t/sf sd{rf/Lb]lv af6f]3f6f]
s'/]/ dfG5]x¿sf uxgf–k};f n'6\g]
8fFsf, 3/df dfG5] gePsf] a]nf
;'6'Ss k;]/ 3/sf k'/fgf ;fdfgx¿
rf]g]{ ;;fgf rf]/x¿;d]t dfcf]jfbL
eg]kl5 ys{dfg x'Gy] . gx'g\ klg
s;/L Û Toqf] l;ª\u} /fHo;QfnfO{{
r'gf}tL lbFb} o'4 xfFs]sf] dfq geO{
To;nfO{{ ^ dlxgf, jif{lbgb]lv a9L
l6sfpg ;Sb}gg\ eGg] ;txL ljZn]if0f
;a}nfO{{ xfjf v'jfpFb} ^–& jif{ hf]
kf/ ul/;s]sf] lyof] . hgo'4n]
h;sf] 5q5fofF d f ;lbcf} F b ] l v
rlncfPsf, dflgcfPsf, Tof] g}
clGtd ;To 7flgcfPsf, hf]h:tf
s§/ dfgsx¿ lyP tL ;a} Pskl5
csf]{ ub}{ lg/Gt/ etfe'ªu\ x'bF } lyP .
To;nfO{{ g} cfˆgf] hLjgsf] ;a} cfbz{
dfGg] dfG5]x¿ qmdzM ltnldnfpg
yfn]sf lyP . hgo'4 ;'? ubf{ :jod\
;'? ug]{x¿nfO{{ ;d]t olt l56f]
hgo'4n] ult n]nf eGg] cg'dfg
lyPg xf]nf . g]kfndf t s] kfpg' <
ef/tdf s'bg\ ] PS;k|; ] /]nsf] ultdf
hgo'4 s'lb/x]sf] lyof] . ha Pp6f
lg/Lx dfG5] hf] ;dfh, 3/,
cfkmGtaf6 ;d]t lt/:sf/ v]k]/,
b'Mvdf k/]/ ckdflgt hLjg lhpg
afWo kfl/PsL s'g} r]nL dfcf]jfbL
kf6L{sf] ;Dks{df k'u/] pgLx¿af6
k|lzlIft x'g] df}sf kfpFyL, pm gofF
hLjg kfPsf] cg'ej, cg'el" tsf ;fy
pT;fxL x'bF } sfddf l;Sg]–l;sfpg] ub}{
cu|df]rf{lt/ cfˆgf kfOnfx¿ ;fb{y] .
To:tf dlxnf kfqx¿df Ps lsl;dsf
x'Gy] . 3/df 5f]/fsf] cfzfdf ePsf
w]/} 5f]/Lx¿, afcfdfsf cfDbfgLsf]
eg] vf;} ;|ft] 7"nf] gePsf], d'l:snn]
laxfga]n'sL vfg;d]t gk'Ug] clg
3/sf] cfly{s ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{
g;s] s f] lgx' F agfP/ 3/sf
cfDbfgLstf{ pgLx¿sf a'afrflxF
ePsf] ;Lldt cfDbfgL klg /S;Lsf]
s'ntdf k/]/ Tof] cfk"m dfq vr{
ug]{, 3/df vr{ 5}g eGg], lbg/ft
To;s} nflu em} e mu8f eO/xg]
kl/jf/sf 5f]/Lx¿ h;n] k9\g] df}sf
kfPsf x'bF g} y] . t/ kf6L{sf dfG5]x¿
cfˆgf] ufpF3/df cfOk'u]sf a]nf
pgLx¿sf] sfo{qmd, pgLx¿;Fu
ePsf s'/fsfgLaf6 k|efljt eP/
cfˆgf] 3/kl/jf/nfO{{ yfx} glbO{ ;'6S' s}
efu]/ dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf 6f]nLx¿;Fu}
hfGy] . pgLx¿ k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{
ag]/ sfd ug{ yfNy] . o;/L kf6L{sf]
sfo{stf{ alg;s]kl5 cfˆgf] 3/df
al;/Xof] eg] k|zf;gsf] sAhfdf
kg{;Sg] ;Defjgf eOxfNof] . pgLx¿
s:tf] kl/l:yltaf6 u'lh|/x]sf x'Gy]
eg] 3/df eGbf kf6L{df nfUbf a9L
;'/lIft dx;'; uy]{ . x'g klg To:tf
k9\g} gkfPsf sfo{stf{nfO{{ k9\g
hfg]sf 6f]nLsf ;fyLx¿n] k9fpg],
n]vfpg], tflnd lbg] ul/xfNy] .
sltko lszf]/lszf]/Lx¿ t 3/df
a:bf k9\g gkfPsf]n] kf6L{ 6f]nL;Fu
k9\g kfOG5 eg]/;d]t Pp6f emf]nf
af]s/] lxF8y\ ] . csf]y{ /LrflxF afnljjfx
ePsf, nf]Ug] ljb]z uPsf clg 3/sf]
cfly{s cefjn] pgLx¿dfly rsf]{
>d u/fpg] t/ vfgf k]6el/ vfg
glbg], To:tf a'xf/Lx¿ dfcf]jfbL
6f]nLsf s]xL s'/f a'em]kl5 3fF; sf6\g
lxF8]sf] 8f]sf]gfDnf] emf8Llt/ kmfn]/
dfcf]jfbL;Fu lxF8\y] . ca pgLx¿
kms]/{ tL ;f;";;'/f dfq ePsf] 3/df
hfg ;Sg] ;Defjgf x'bF g} Yof] . To;}n]
cfk"mnfO{{ rflxg] cTofjZos ;fdfgn]
el/Psf] Pp6f emf]nf g} pgLx¿sf]
;Dk"0f{ 3/ x'GYof] . pgLx¿nfO{{
dfOtLsf] cfzf x'Fb}gYof] . 3/sf] t
emg\ x'g] s'/} ePg . csf{y/L 5f]/Lx¿
klg x'Gy] hf] 3/sf cleefjsn]
aLrd} k9fO 5' 6 fP/ afnljjfx
ul/lbPsfn] 3/] n ' lx+ ; fdf k/] /
t8\lkO/x]sf lszf]/Lx¿ klg cfk"mn]
af]s]sf] ufu|f] wf/f–s'jfd} 5f]l8lbP/
6f]nL;Fu} dfcf]jfbL aGy] lsgeg] ha
dfcf]jfbL cfGbf]ngsf] k|efj u|fdL0f
If]qdf a9\b} uof] . h;sf] ;fdfg hxfF
5f]8] klg x/fpFbg} Yof] . pgLx¿ sf]xL
snfsf/sf] 6f]nLdf hf]l8P/ gfRg,
ufpg, n]Vg, k9\g l;Sy] eg] sf]xL
hgldlnl;ofdf hf]l8Gy] . ;'?df
pgLx¿ cfˆgf] JolQmut ;d:ofsf]
hfnf]af6 efUgsf nflu dfcf]jfbL
kf6L{;Fu hf]l8Psf x'Gy] . t/ ha
kf6L{sf] gLlt, k4lt, cg'zf;g,
l;4fGt a'‰b} hfGy] clg pgLx¿ cem
;zQm x'Fb} cfˆgf] sfddf nfUy] .
JolQmut ;d:ofn] cfslif{t ePsf]
dfG5] /fhgLlts r] t gfn] yk
cfslif{t x'GYof] .
dfG5]sf] lhGbuL slt cgf}7f] x'G5 .
eof], k'¥ofpg ;Sof] eg] yfndf k:s]sf]
eft klg c¿sf] xftn] rDrfn]
v'jfOdfUg kl5 kb}g{ . s]xL ePg, 5}g
eg] km]l/ Ps hf]/ n'uf / cfwf k]6
vfgfdf klg dl/d]6/] sfd ug{ ;S5 .
cem xfF;Lv';L eP/} lbg latfpg
;S5 . sltko lszf]/x¿ ljb]zlt/
s'NnL–b/afgsf] sfd vf]Hg hfgsf
nflu 3/af6 lg:s]sf x'Gy] . t/ af6f]df
dfcf]jfbLsf] Pp6} sfo{qmddf ;xefuL
ePsf] e/df cfˆgf] uGtJosf] lbzf
g} abn]/ cleofgdf ;l/s x'Gy] . sf]xL
ljb]z c/asf vf8Llt/ hfgsf nflu
cfˆgf 3/38]/L ;fx'sf]df aGwsL
/fv]/ k};f bnfnnfO{{ a'emfO;s]sf
x'Gy] . ptf bnfn k};f lnP/ rDk6
eO;s]sf] x'GYof] . ca a? ls lhTg]
ls dg]{ km6fxf bnfnx¿;Fu n8\g] eGb}
3/kl/jf/nfO{{ aLrd} 5f]8/] kf6L{df
;l/s x'Gy] . pgLx¿ klg cefjx¿;Fu
n8]/ lagfl;Q} hLjg ;Sg'eGbf
dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf] cleofgdf nfu]/
;+;f/ abNg] cleofgdf hf]l8g kfpFbf
ujf{ge' l" t uy]{ . pgLx¿sf] nIo eg]sf]
dfcf]jfbLn] h'g sfd hxfF, h:tf]
cj:yfdf lbG5, To:t} ToxL sfd ug]{
c7f]6 x'GYof] . o;/L cfˆgf] ;d:of
cfk"m PSn}sf] ;d:of dfq geP/ x/]s
>dhLljx¿sf] ;d:of p:t} xf] . To;}n]
cfk"mh:t} >dhLljx¿ p:t}p:t}
;d:ofx¿;Fu h'Wb} cfPsfx¿ ;fd"lxs
eP/, Ps} eP/ o:tf] ;d:of lgDTofpg]
/fHo;Qf g} abn]/ gofF >dhLljx¿sf]
/fHo;Qf :yfkgf ug]{ cleofgdf
Psfsf/ x'g' g} ;xL ;dfwfg xf] eGg]
cg'ej c¿nfO{{ afF8b\ } sfd ug]{ uy]{ .
o;/L Pp6} emf]nfdf ;+;f/ af]s/] lxF8g\ ]
ePsfn] xf]nf sltko dfcf]jfbLsf
b':dgx¿n] …emf]nÚ] eg]/ 3[0ff uy]{ .
xfdL hf] emf]nf af]s/] cleofgdf ;fd]n
ePsf lyof},F emf]nfd} ;+;f/ af]sh] :tf]
pRr uj{af]w x'g] uYof]{ . xfdL cfˆgf]
cleofg lnP/ ufpFufpFdf hfGYof}F .
ToxfF ;a}eGbf klxn] Tof] ufpFsf lzlIft
dfG5]x¿nfO{{ ;s] Ps} 7fpFdf e]nf
kfYof}F{ . g;s] pgLx¿s} 3/cfFugdf
k'u]/ xfd|f] kf6L{sf] s'/f a'emfpg
yfNYof}F . pgLx¿n] xfd|f] kf6L{ / kf6L{sf]
p2] Z osf af/] d f ;d] t w] / } h ;f]
gsf/fTds 9ª\un] a'em]sf x'Gy] .
sltko lzlIftx¿ xfd|f] s'/f ;'Gg}
tof/ x'bF g} y] . ha s'/f ;'g/] pgLx¿sf]
lh1f;fsf] ;d]t lrQa'‰bf] pQ/
kfpFy,] To;} lbgaf6 pxL emf]nf af]s/]
xfd|f] cleofgdf ;fd]n x'g] uy]{ .
sltko eg] cfcfˆgf] 7fpF a f6
cfjZostfcg';f/ sfd ug]{ cfZjf;g
lbg], kl5 Tof] k"/f ug]{ uy]{ . sf]xL
s]xL ;do kv{ / x]/ eGb} s]xL ;do
kv]/{ dfq} xfd|f] cleofgdf xftdf xft,
sfFwdf sfFw ldnfpg cfOk'Uy] . emf]nfdf
l;ª\u} 3/;+;f/ x'g] ePkl5 xfdLdf
/x]sf y'k}| dfG5]sf hLjgnfO{{ rflxg]–
grflxg] nf]e, df]x 36\b} hfg] /x]5 .
dfG5] x ¿sf] dgl:ylt h:tf]
j:t'ut kl/l:ylt eof] To:t} aGb}
hfFbf]/x]5 . xfdL lbg/ft Ps 7fpFaf6
csf]{ 7fpF lxFl8/xg' kg],{ w]/} 7"nf] emf]nf
af]Sg ufx|f] x'g], slxn]sxLF l56f]
lxF8\g'kbf{ g;lsg], cem ;]gf k|x/Ls}
v]bfOdf kl/of] eg] Tof] hfaf] emf]nf–
;f]nf af/Lsf] sfGnfd'lg x'G5 ls,
emf8Ldfly x'G5 ls, hª\unsf] aLrdf
x'G5 Tof] ;a}nfO{{ kmflnlbP/ Hofg
dfq eP klg arfpg] p2]Zon] Hofg
kmfn]/ bf}8g'sf] ljsNk lyPg . To;}n]
emf]nfdf clt cfjZosLo ;Lldt
;fdfg dfq af]s]/ lxF8\g] ul/GYof] .
To;n] ubf{ xfdL;Fu a9Ldf !) gq
%–& s]hLsf] emf]nf ;fydf ;w}F x'GYof]
lsgls xfdL ;w}F ofqfdf x'g] x'gfn]
xfdLn] nufO/x]sf] n'uf s'g} klg a]nf
kmf6\g ;SYof] . g'xfpFbf, w'bF f km]gk'{ g]{
ePsf]n] Ps hf]/ sk8f, sfOFof], a|;,
dGhg, la/fdL x'bF f cf}ifwL, cWoogsf
nflu kfP lstfa, sfkL, snd . c¿
;fdfg af]Sg cfjZos kb}{gYof] .
;l~rt u/] / /fVg] xf] eg] t
rflxGYof] . tTsfnLg cfjZosLo
;fdfg Tolt eP ;fdfGotof rNg]
/x]5 . lsgeg] ;'Tgsf nflu cf]9\g]–
cf]5\ofpg] af]s]/ ;fWo x'Fb}gYof] .
vfBfGg klg 7"nf]7n " f] sfo{qmd 5 eg]
kfOg] 7fpF eP lsGg], gkfOg] 7fpF 5
eg] af]s]/ hfg'kg]{ . ;;fgf] 6f]nLdf
rflxF hxfF h'g ufpFa:tLdf k'luG5,
afFl8P/ pgLx¿n] h] lbG5g\\ ToxL,
hlt lbG5g\\ Tolt vfof] . pgLx¿sf]
3/sf] v]tLkftLsf] df};d 5 eg] sfd
ul/lbof] . h;sf] sfd u¥of] p;n]
g} vfg lbGy] . To:tf] s'g} sfdsf]
df};dsf] a]nf 5}g eg] pgLx¿s}
efG;fdf h] kfs]sf] 5, Pp6f 3/df
Pshgfn] vfFbf km]l/ csf]{ afg
a;fn] / pgLx¿nfO{ { ksfO/xg
kb}{gYof] . xfdLnfO{{ To;f] ubf{ Pp6}
3/nfO{{ dfq ef/ k¥of], vfgf v'jfpg
ufx|f] eof] ls egL ;f]rljrf/ ul//xg
cfjZos lyPg . ca Toltv]/sf]
dgl:ylt o;f] kms]/{ x]g{] xf] eg] ;fFRr}
hgtfsf] ;]js aGgsf nflu /fhgLlt
ug]{ xf] eGg], cfˆgf] eGg] lghL ;DklQ
ToxL Pp6f emf]nf dfq eof] eg] c¿
s'/fx¿sf] lrGtf gx'g] /x]5 . wg
;l~rt ug' { k g] { /x] g 5 . To;}
sDo'lg:6x¿n] …;fbf hLjg pRr
ljrf/Ú eGg] cfbz{ agfPsf xf]Og
/x]5g\\ .
cy{zf:qsf] lgod} s] x'G5 eg],
hlt hDdf u¥of] hDdf ub}{ hfg dg
nfUg], ca k'Uof] eGg] s'g} clGtd
laGb' ge] l 6g] x' G 5 . To;} n ]
cfjZostfx¿ w]/} eP klg To;nfO{{
juL{s/0f u/]/ ;a}eGbf cTofjZos,
cfjZos, eP klg x'g,] geP klg
x'g,] x'bF f ;lhnf], gx'bF f cln b'Mvsi6
a]xf]gk'{ g]{ o:tf vfnsf cfjZostfx¿
x'G5g\\ . To;}n] logdf 5fg]/ cfˆgf
cfjZostfx¿sf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f
ub}{ hfg'k5{ . k"/f ub}{ hfg'k5{ eGg]
x'G5 . t/ dfG5]sf] t hft} To:tf] xf]
ls, ;s];Dd hDdf ug]{ . cfh, ef]ln
cfˆgf] k':tfnfO{{ dfq xf]Og, cfpg]
5f]/f gfltsf k':tfnfO{{ ;d]t ;DklQ
y'kfg]{ h'g rng 5, To;}n] ubf{ g}
/x] 5 ;dfhdf ju{ s f] pTklQ
ePsf]c: . To;n] s;}nfO{{ ef]s}
agfpg], s;}nfO{{ af]Sg} g;Sg] e'F8L
nufPsf] ePsf] sf/0f gq yf]/} jf
5f]6f] ;donfO{{ dfq ;l~rt ug]{ xf]
eg] dfq klg clxn]sf] bfFhf]df 7"nf]
ef]sd/L 6Yof]{ .
xfdL;Fu ePsf] Pp6f emf]nf dfq
lghL lyof] . c¿ ;a} ;fj{hlgs jf
;d"xsf] x'GYof] . dL7f] kfs]÷gkfs],
kfP /fd|f]÷g/fd|f] klg pxL /ªdf
km/s x'g ;SYof] . cfjZostfcg';f/
kfOg] n'ufsk8fdf vf;} w]/} km/s
x'g] s'/f ePg . sltko ;dodf a|;,
dGhg lsGg], leqL sk8fx¿ lsGg]
k};fsf] cefj x'g] . w]/} g} ;d:of
cfpg yfn]kl5 ks]6 vr{ eg]/ lgod}
agfP/ k"0f{sfnLg sfo{stf{x¿nfO{{
hgxL % ;o ?k}ofF dlxgfdf lbg]
ul/Psf] lyof] . Tof] k};f hDd} vr{
geP/ sltkon] aflx/} nufpg] n'uf
lsg]/ nufpFy] . af;, ufF;, cf}ifwL,
lzIffsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg] xf] eg] t
Pp6f dfG5]nfO{{ dlxgfdf % ;o ?k}of
dfq vr{ u/]/ l;Wofpg klg t
d'l:sn kg]{ /x]5 eGg] ;xh ljrf/
Toltv] / yfxf kfOof] . dfG5] n ]
;a}eGbf dfof ug]{ eg]sf] cfˆgf]
lhGbuL, cfˆg} k|f0f xf] . ha To;nfO{{
g} RofFv] yfk]/ hgo'4df nfda4 /ftf
dfG5]x¿nfO{{ cfk"m h'g p2]Zo /fv]/
cfGbf]ngdf nfda4 ePsf] xf], To;df
g} ljz]if Wofg s]lGb|t x'g] c¿ ;a}
tkl;nsf ljifo aGbf /x] 5 g\ \ .
;'ljwfx¿ t cufl8 g} cfpFbf klg
To;sf] dxάj g} af]w gx'g] . To;}n]
;j{xf/fs/0fsf] pRr gd'gf g} dfGg
;lsg] l:ylt Toltv]/sf dfcf]jfbL
sfo{stf{x¿sf] hLjg k4lt lyof] .
To;}n] x/]s hgtfsf d'2fdfldnfx¿
cfpFbf ToxfF lgikIf 5fglagkl5
km};nf x'GYof] . To;df s'g} z'Ns
nfUb}gYof] . lsgls k};f lnP/ x]/k] l5
Tof] Joj;flos h:tf] x'g], lgikIf
gx'g,] clg hgtfsf] ;]jf gx'g] eGg]
dfGotf lyof] . pgLx¿ v';L eP/
kf6L{sf] s'g} sfo{qmdsf nflu eg]
rfx]df ;xof]u ub{y] . /fd|f];Fu
a'emfPdf hlt;'s} ga'‰g] dfG5]nfO{{
klg sDo'lg:6 gLlt a'emfpg ufx|f]
x'bF g} Yof] .
d lap“em]sL 5'
k| l hgf bgf{ n
@)&* ;fn kmfu'g !% ut]sf lbg
of] b]zsf sfnf dfG5]x?n]
sfFt/ d'6' ePsf /fi6«3ftL bnfnx¿n]
;fd|fHojflbsf kfpFdf b]znfO{{ a'emfP/
tLg s/f]8 g]kfnL hgtfnfO{{ :tAw agfP/
eo+s/ sfnf] lbgsf ¿kdf
!% ut] bh{ ePsf] 5 .
zf]sfs'n b]z eQm g]kfnLx?nfO{{
JofVofTds 3f]if0ff u/]/
rf]lvg vf]hs ] f /fi6«3ftL bnfnx?n]
of] b]zsf nfvf}+ >ldsx¿nfO{{
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x'g t xfdL g]kfnLx? slxNo} 3fd lyPg . g]kfn / pklgj]zjfbL ;fd|fHojfbL alS;;sf] ?kdf lbg] 36gf klg u'6aGbLdf g]kfnnfO{{ km;fpg] / g]kfnsf] g]kfnnfO{{ lsg cfwf/ agfpg rfxG5 < / lrGtf a9]sf] xf] . o;f] x'g' :jfefljs g}
gc:tfpg] ljZj ;fd|fHojfbsf] k|ToIf zlStsf aLrsf] åGå Ps jf csf]{ ?kdf Oltxf;df 36]sf] 5 . To;n] ubf{ k//fi6« gLltnfO{{ g} IftlaIft t'Nofpg] of] uDeL/td k|Zg pl7/x]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] xf] . To;df klg g]kfnsf] /0fgLlts e"–
zf]if0f / bf]xgdf gk/]sf]df lgs} ua{ ug]{ rln/x]s} lyof] . To;} qmddf !*!^ sf] ef/taf6 a[l6z zf;g nv]l6bf g]kfnsf] / cGttM cd]l/sL u'6df l;w} ;fd]n ;+sL0f{ / lgxLt :jfy{sf nflu c? b]zsf] cal:ylt h'g 7fpFdf 5 b'O6{ f dxfb]z hq}
ub{5f}+ . Plzof dxfb]zsf b]zx? k|foM ckdfghgs ;'uf}nL ;lGw g]kfndfly /f0ff zf;gsf] klg cGTo x'g] l:ylt ag]sf] ug]{ s'/f g} eGg] b]lvG5 . ;fa{ef}lds cv08tf, :jfwLgtf / l5d]sL b]zsf] aLrdf To;n] cd]l/sfsf
;a}df ;fd|fHojfbsf] k|ToIf zf;gsf] nflbof] / g]kfnsf] ;Ldf klg v'lDrof] . b]lvG5 . ;fd|fHojfb k/:t zf;g lxhf] of] Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf cg'df]bg kl5 :jfledfgnfO{{ ;/f;/ s'lNrg klg kl5 g]kfndf x'g] ul/g] ultlalwx? s]jn g]kfndf
xflnd'xfnL rn]sf] a]nfdf klg g]kfn To;kl5 klg g]kfnsf cfGtl/s cl:y/ xf];\ ls cfh xf];\ Tof] g]kfnL hgtfnfO{{ klg cd]l/sfn] h'g 7"nf] ;xfotf /sd gkg]{ cd]l/sL ljZjgLltn] g]kfnsf] x'g] ultljlw dfq tL l5d]sLx?n] dfGg] s'/f
c?b]z h:tf] ;f]em} To;sf] clwgdf /fhgLltsf] kmfObf p7fpFb} ;fd|fHojfbn] dfGo 5}g / ef]ln klg x'bF g} / sbflk /fzL g]kfnnfO{{ lbPsf] s'/f k|sfzdf cfPsf] ckdfg dfq} ub}g{ o;sf] cl:tTj g} x'bF g} / dfGg] s'/f klg xf]Og . pgLx?sf]
gk/]sf] Oltxf; cf}N+ ofpg] ub{5f} . o;df g]kfndf PstGqLo /f0ff zf;gsf] cEo'bo x'gx' bF' g} eGg] s'/f xf] . olta]nf ljZjsf] xf] . Tof] Pd;L;L u/]/ ug{ lbg] elgPsf] cToGt} 7"nf] ;+s6df kfg]{ 5 . g]kfnL ;'/' Iff rf;f] lgs} 7"nf] lrGtfsf] ljifo aG5
xfd|fk"vf{ g]kfnLx?sf] ;fd|fHojfb la/f]wL u/fof] . b]zest efOef/bf/sf] sf]tdf zlStzfnL b]z cd]l/sf h;/L hf]8an cg'bfg /sdeGbf a9L 5 . To;sf nflu :jfwLgtf, :jtGqtf, gful/s clwsf/ g} . To;sf/0f klg g]kfnnfO{{ st} o'qm]g
;+3if{ / ;'ema'em o'St lgisif{sf] s'/f sf6df/ dRrfO{ aL/ g/l;+x s'jF / pkm{ u/]/ g]kfndf 3':g vf]lh/x]sf] 5 / ;+;b\af6 s'g} cg'df]bgsf] cfjZostf tyf hgtGq Pa+ hghLljsf g} vt/fdf agfOg yfn]sf] t xf]Og eGg] k|Zg klg
Psflt/ 5 eg] csf]l{ t/ ;fd|fHojfbL h+uaxfb'/ /f0fn] a]nfotL ;fd|fHojfbsf] To;nfO{{ ;xh agfpg g]kfnsf zf;s k/]g . To;n] klg cg'bfg lbg ;+;b\n] kf/]/ cd]l/sfsf] k5fl8 nfUg] h'g p7]sf] xf] . o:tf] cj:yfdf cfhsf] @!cf}
zlQmx? g]kfndf eGbf cGoq a9L plNemg' cf8wfk kfP/ !$ ;]K6]Da/ ;g\ !*$^df bnx? cfFvf lrDn]/ nfu]sf 5g\,\ Tof] cg'df]bg ug'{ kg]{ Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf c:jLsfo{ / cdfGo ;+lbUw rl/q g]kfnsf ztfAbLsf] t];f| ] bzssf] dWolt/ ljZj k'Ub}
cg'df]bgsf] lgxLt / vt/gfs p2]Zo ;Qfdf al;/x]sf / al;;s]sf /fhgLlts ubf{ b'O6{ f pbfpFbf PlzofnL /fi6«x? rLg
nf]sgf/fo0f ;'a]bL /x]5 eGg] s'/f yk k|i6 ePsf] 5 . Tof] bnx?df a]nf a]nfdf b]lvG5 Tof] cToGt} / ef/tsf] aLrdf /x]sf] g]kfndf ljZjsf]
;Demf}tf cg'df]bg kl5 g]kfndf cd]l/sL cfTd3ftL / :jfledfgL s'g} klg g]kfnLsf ;a}eGbf zlStzfnL cd]l/sf 3':g cfpg]
clxn] of] P;kLkL ;Demf}tfsf] k|Zg ;8s ;bg ;a{q 5fPsf] u}/;}Go tyf ;}Go clwsf/Lx?sf] cfudg nflu cToGt} ckfRo 5 / x'G5 . k|oTg ub{5 eg] To;nfO{{ ;fdfGo?kdf g
5 . clg ;DalGwt dGqL / dGqfnon] h] h:tf] hjfkm o; h;/L a9\b} 5 To;n] klg yk ;Gb]x o; kl/k|I] fdf clxn] of] P;kLkL g]kfnn] lng ldN5 g g]kfnsf tL lazfn
;DaGwdf lbP klg cd]l/sL clwsf/Lx?n] @)!% b]lv g} uf9f ePs} 5 . cem To;df klg kl5Nnf] ;Demf}tfsf] k|Zg ;8s ;bg ;a{q 5fPsf] b'O{ l5d]sL b]zx?n] . To;}n] ;d:of rsf]{
of] s'/f cl3 a9fPsf], @)!& / @)!( x'bF } clxn] @)@@ df k6s Kofl;lkms sdf08sf ;}lgs 5 . clg ;DalGwt dGqL / dGqfnon] h] 5 / :jfledfgL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?n] cfh
Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfnfO{{ ;+;b\n] cg'df]bg u/]kl5 cem hg/nsf] cfudg / To;}an] f g]kfn;Fu h:tf] hjfkm o; ;DaGwdf lbP klg cd]l/sL klxn] slxNo}eGbf a9L ;'ema'emk"0f{ 9+un]
hf]8ansf ;fy of] s'/f cfPsfn] o;sf af/]df ;a{q uDeL/ cd]l/sfn] csf]{ Pp6f P;kLkL -:6]6 clwsf/Lx?n] @)!% b]lv g} of] s'/f cl3 Pstfa4 eP/ cfk"m / cfkm\gf] b]znfO{{
rf;f] / lrGtf a9]sf] xf] . o;f] x'g' :jfefljs g} xf] . kf6{g;L{k k|fu] f| d_ ;}lgs ;Demf}tf klg ug]{ a9fPsf], @)!& / @)!( x'bF } clxn] @)@@ hf]ufpg / cl3 a9fpg v8f x'g} kb{5 .
vt/gfs k|:tfj cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 / df Pd;L;L ;Demf}tfnfO{{ ;+;b\n] cg'df]bg gqxfdL Ps jf csf]?{ kdf ;fd|fHojfbL
To;df klg g]kfnsf] /0fgLlts e"–cal:ylt h'g 7fpFdf 5
x:tfIf/ ug{ bafa lbO/x]sf] s'/f k|sfzdf u/]kl5 cem hf]8ansf ;fy of] s'/f gjbf]xgdf kg]a{ fx]s c? s]xL x'bF g} .
b'O6{ f dxfb]z hq} l5d]sL b]zsf] aLrdf To;n] cd]l/sfsf cfPsf] 5 . of] bafsf] s'/f klxnfb]lv g} cfPsfn] o;sf af/]df ;a{q uDeL/ rf;f] va/bf/ Û
g]kfndf x'g] ul/g] ultlalwx? s]jn g]kfndf x'g] ultljlw leqleq cd]l/sfn] lbO/x]sf] lyof] . To;}sf
dfq tL l5d]sLx?n] dfGg] s'/f x'bF g} / dfGg] s'/f klg ;Demf} t f u/] s f x/] s d' n ' s ;F u
sf/0fn] lautdf sltko /IffdGqLx? cd]l/sfåf/f===== cd]l/sfsf leGbfleGb} g];gn uf8{sf]
xf]Og . pgLx?sf] ;'/' Iff rf;f] lgs} 7"nf] lrGtfsf] ljifo aG5 g} . To;sf/0f klg g]kfnnfO{{ st} o'qm]g ;d]tn] /fhLgfdf lbg' k/]sf] s'/f klg tof/L lyof] . l/hfnn] /fhLgfdf ;+o'Qm ;xeflutf /xg] u/]sf] 5 .
agfOg yfn]sf] t xf]Og eGg] k|Zg klg p7]sf] xf] . o:tf] cj:yfdf cfhsf] @!cf} ztfAbLsf] t];f| ] bzssf] 3'O/f] 3'O/f] ;'Ggdf cfPsf] xf] . Pd;L;L lbPsf] / csf]{ /IffdGqL lgo'Qm h:tf] a+ u nfb] z ;F u cd] l /sfsf]
dWolt/ ljZj k'Ub} ubf{ b'O6{ f pbfpFbf PlzofnL /fi6«x? rLg / ef/tsf] aLrdf /x]sf] g]kfndf ljZjsf] ;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg kl5 eg] of] bafa geO;s]sf] cj:yfdf k|wfgdGqL cf]/]ug g]zgn uf8{sf] ;Demf}tf
;a}eGbf zlStzfnL cd]l/sf 3':g cfpg] k|oTg ub{5 eg] To;nfO{{ ;fdfGo?kdf g g]kfnn] lng ldN5 g sfo{qmd / of]hgf;lxt of]hgfa4 lsl;dn] b]pjf P;kLkL ;DalGw ;Demf}tfkq @))* d} ePsf] lyof] .
g]kfnsf tL lazfn b'O{ l5d]sL b]zx?n] . To;}n] ;d:of rsf]{ 5 / :jfledfgL ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnLx?n] cfh cfPsf] b]lvG5 . pQ/L If]qsf @! cl3 a9fpg] d'8df lyP . cd]l/sL ;g\ @)!* l8;]Da/df tTsfnLg
klxn] slxNo}eGbf a9L ;'ema'emk"0f{ 9+un] Pstfa4 eP/ cfk"m / cfkm\gf] b]znfO{{ hf]ufpg / cl3 a9fpg :yfgx?df ;}lgs kf]i6x? /fVg], o'4 ;]gfsf] k|:tfjcg';f/ g]kfnL ;]gf / k//fi6«dGqL k|lbk 1jfnLsf] cd]l/sf
v8f x'g} kb{5 . gqxfdL Ps jf csf]? { kdf ;fd|fHojfbL gjbf]xgdf kg]a{ fx]s c? s]xL x'bF g} cEof;sf ultlalwx? Klg pQ/L If]qd} cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] …o'gfO6]8 :6]6\; e|d0fkl5 cd]l/sL ljb]z dGqfnon]
ug]{ / cfkt laktsf p4f/ sfo{ klg g];gn uf8{Ú aLr b}jLk|sf]k /f]syfd lgsfn]sf] jQmJodf …OG8f] Kofl;lkms
k/]sf] / g]kfnsf] zlQmnfO{{ ck|ToIf z'? u/]sf] /f0ff zf;gn] !)$ aif{;Dd klg g]kfnL hgtfnfO{{ sLdfy{ dfGo 5}g k|foM Tot}lt/ ug]{ u/L of] aflx/ x]bf{ ;fwf/0f / lgoGq0fdf s]lGb|t eO{ ;xsfo{ :6«f6]hLdf g]kfnsf] s]Gb|Lo e"ldsfaf/]
t/Lsfn] pkof]u ubf{ g} cfkm\gf] lxt x'g] PsIfq zf;g rnfof] . o; aLrdf a[l6z / x'gx' bF' g} eGg] s'/fdf b[9 / ;+3if{zLn h:tf] nfUg] eofgs k|:tfj cfPsf] 5 . x'g5] . o'gfO6]8 :6]6;\ g];gn uf8{ 5nkmn ePsf] Ú pNn] v u/] k l5
l:ylt b]vs ] f sf/0f klg cf}klgj]lzs ;fd|fHojfb la/f]wL ef/tLo hgtfsf] lab|fx] 5g\\ . g]kfnsf] cl:tTj / ;fa{ef}ldstfnfO{{ o; af/]df ;/sf/ / ;]gfn] lgs} 7"nf] cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] l/he{ kmf];{ xf] . h'g g]kfndf To;af/] 7"nf] ax; eof] .
cj:yfdf xfdL kg'{ gk/]sf] oyfy{ bafpg h+uaxfb'/ /f0ffn] ^ /]lhd]06 kN6g g} cd]l/sfsf] clwg:y ug]{ …dfOn]log bafa em]ln/x]sf] k|tLt x'G5 . kmf];{ cGo b]zdf ;}Go ck/]zgsf cd]l/sfsf] tTsfnLg 6«Dk k|zf;gn]
Oltxf;sf] ljj]rgf ubf{ xfdL e]6fpFb5f}+ . k7fPsf] / kl5 tLg /]lhd]06 kN6g lnP/ Rofn]~h skf]/{ z ] Ú -Pd;L;L_ h:tf] o:tf] l:yltdf k|wfgdGqL / k|wfg nflu ;d]t hfg] u/]sf] 5 . ?; / rLgnfO{{ ;}Go ?kdf 3]/faGbL ug]{
tyflk d"n s'/f xfd|f] cfGtl/s cfkm}nF ] klg a[l6z ;fd|fHojfbL ;/sf/nfO{{ /fi6«3ftL Pa+ hg3ftL ;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6 ;]gkltsf] csf]{ ;ftfsf] k|:tflat o'qm]gaLrsf] åGådf o'qm]gnfO{{ ;3fpg p2]Zon] ;f] /0fgLlt NofPsf] 3f]if0ff
;fd|fHojfb la/f]wL /0fgLlt g} xf] . To;}sf] ;xof]u u/L hglab|fx] bafPafkt ;'uf}nL cg'df]bg u/]/ k|ToIf / k/f]If?kdf cd]l/sf e|d0fsf af/]df klg k|Zg o' g fO6] 8 :6] 6 \ ; g] ; gn uf8{ u/]sf] cj:yfdf ;f] /0fgLltdf g]kfnsf]
kmn:j?k ljZjdf km}nbF f] ;fd|fHojfbL ;lGwdf a[l6z pklgj]zjfbL ;/sf/n] g]kfndf cd]l/sL ;]gf leq\ofpg] / pl7/x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] k//fi6« gLlt, e"– kl/rflnt 5 . ToxfF klxn]b]lvg} s]Gb|Lo e"ldsfaf/] 5nkmn x'g'n]
o'4–x:tIf]knfO{{ /f]Sg g]kfnsf] k"jb{ l] v lnPsf] g]kfnsf] s]xL hldg gofF d'ns ' – g]kfnnfO{{ rLg la/f]wL cv8f agfpg] /fhgLlts ;+ab] gzLn cal:ylt / e"– o'gfO6]8 :6]6;
\ g];gn uf8{ ;xof]usf g]kfnnfO{{ e"/fhgLlts ?kdf cK7\of/f]
klZrd;Dd xfd|f k'vf{x?n] rf}b08Lu9L, cyf{t\ afFs,] alb{of, s}nfnL / s~rgk'/ sbd lans'n} cdfGo / c:jLsfo{ 5 . /0fgLlts l:ylt Pa+ xfdLn] cfh;Dd nflu vl6Fb} cfPsf] lyof] . kg]{ ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] lyof] . OG8f]
l;Gw'nLu9L, dsjfgk'/u9L, hLtu9L, lkmtf{ lbPsf] s'/f Oltxf;df pNn]v 5 . lsgeg] ljZjzlQm /fi6«x?sf] 6Ss/df bzsf}b+ l] v canDag ub}{ cfPsf] c;+nUg cd]l/sL ;]gfsf] :6]6 kf6{g/l;k Kofl;lkms /0fgLlt NofPsf] ^
cd/u9L cflb lsNnfx? agfP/ n8]sf] of] k[i7e"ld cfh lsg pNn]v ug{ g]kfnnO{ km;fpg] h'g vt/gfs tf/tDo k//fi6« gLlt, k~rzLn tyf ;+oS' t /fi6« sfo{qmd cGtu{t g]kfnL ;]gf;Fu dfq} dlxgfkl5 ;g\ @)!( h'g ! df
Oltxf;sf] ;fIosf ?kdf xfdL clxn] cfjZos ;lDemPsf] eg] lxhf] To;/L cd]l/sfaf6 ldnfOFb5} Tof] cToGt} 3fts ;+3sf] a8fkqsf] lak/Lt hfg g]kfnn] ;xsfo{ x'g nfu]sf] eg] xf]Og . clxn] cd]l/sL /Iff dGqfnon] ;fj{hlgs
klg b]Vg kfpFb5f} / tL lsNnfx? ;+/lIft lab]zL zlStn] xfd|f] b]zsf] hldg x8Kg] / g]kfnsf] lxtlak/Lt 5 . jf:tjdf sbflk ;Sg] 5}g / hfg klg x'bF g} . t/ ljZjsf sl/a Ps ;o b]zsf ;]gf u/]sf] …OG8f] Kofl;lkms :6«f6]hL l/kf]6Ú{
x'g,' ul/g' kb{5 eGg] cfjfh p7fpFb5f}+ . / xfd|f] ;Ldf slt xf] eg]/ lgwf{/0f ul/lbg] Pd;L;L h:tf] ;'uf}nL ;lGw kl5sf] csf]{ oL ;a} s'/f vNaNofpg cd]l/sf sDd/ cd]l/sL ;]gf;Fu oxL sfo{qmdcGtu{t df :6]6 kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| ddf g]kfn
oBlk xfd|f] ;fd|fHojfb la/f]wL l:ylt l;h{gf ePsf] lyof] . pgLx?n] ckdfghgs ;Demf}tf h'g ePsf] 5 s;]/ pBt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . rLg;Fusf] hf]l8Psf 5g\\ . :6]6 kf6{g/l;k / >Ln+sfnfO{{ klg gofF ;fem]bf/
cfGbf]ngn] clGtd lg0ff{os ?k lnPsf] v'zL nfu]df hldgsf] s]xL c+z lkmtf{ Tof] cg'bfglbg] gfddf cd]l/sL ;}lgs slyt ljZj k|lt:kwf{sf nflu cd]l/sf sfo{qmdcGtu{t cd]l/sfsf s]Gb|Lo d' n ' s sf ?kdf pNn] v ul/of] .

P;kLkL ;Demf}tf M g]kfn ;fd|fHojfbsf] o'4e"ld aGg] vt/f

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g]kfndf /fVg] p2]Zo lnPsf] 5 . o;sf
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5 . g]kfnsf ;+;b\Lo bnx? sf+u; ]| ,
Pdfn], dfs]nufotn] Pd;L;L ;+;b\af6
kf; u/]kl5 pgLx?n] Pd;L;L ;}Go
/0fgLltl;t ;DalGwt gePsf] elg 9fF6b\ }
cfPsf lyP . t/, g]skfn] eGb} cfPsf]
Pd;L;L lxGb k|zfGt /0fgLltsf] ;}Go
c+u xf] eGg] s'/f 36gfqmdx?n] k'li6 x'bF }
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k|wfg;]gfklt k|e/' fd zdf{;uF e]6L
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lbPsf lyP . c;f/sf] klxnf] ;ftf x'g]
k|wfg;]gfklt zdf{ / / k|wfgdGqL
b]pjfsf] cd]l/sfsf] e|d0fsf] Pp6f d'Vo
p2]Zo oxL ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ug]{ /x]sf]
5 . cd]l/sfn] ;g\ @)!% b]lv g]kfnnfO{{
P;kLkL sfo{qmddf ;xefuL x'g bafa
lbFb} cfPsf] / b'O{ dlxgfcl3 cd]l/sL
pRr ;}lgs clws[tn] g]kfnsf] e|d0f ubf{
P;kLkL ;Demf}tfsf] d:of}bf g]kfnnfO{{
x:tfGt/0f u/]sf lyP . clxn] ;fj{hlgs
ePsf] cd]l/sf / g]kfnaLrsf] ;Demf}tfsf]
!) a'bF ] d:of}bfdf cd]l/sL ;}lgsnfO{{
xftxltof/;lxt g]kfndf /fVg ;lsg]
k|fjwfg /flvPsf] 5 . b'O{ b]zsf ;]gfn]
g]kfnsf] pQ/L ;Ldfdf ;+oQ' m ;}Go cEof;
ug]{ pNn]v ePaf6 cd]l/sf s'g :jfy{
tyf p2]Zo;fy g]kfn cfpFb} 5 eGg] k|i6
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g]kfn cd]l/sL :jfy{sf] /0fe"ld aGg] k|i6
5 . of] ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ x'g glbg]
;Dk"0f{ b]zeQm g]kfnLx? Ps x'g' cfjZos
5 . Pd;L;L ;Demf}tf ;+;b\af6 kf; u/fP/
uDeL/ /fi6«3ft u/]sf ;+;bLo bnx?n]
km]l/ P;kLkL ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ u/]/
b]z a]Rg vf]lh/x]sf 5g\\ . P;kL;L ;Demf}tf
Pd;L;Lsf] lg/Gt/tf xf] . Pd;L;L lxGb
k|zfGt /0fgLltnfO{{ sfof{Gjog ug]{ cfly{s
OsfO{ xf] . ;g\ @)!& df 8f]gfN8 6«Dk
cd]l/sL /fi6«klt ag]kl5 rLg / /l;ofnfO{{
lj/f]wL b]z tyf pQ/ sf]l/of / O/fgnfO{{
c;Eo -/km_ b]z eGb} lxGb k|zfGt /0fgLlt
cufl8 ;fl/of] . ;g\ @)!( df cd]l/sL
/Iff dGqfnon] cd]l/sL lxGb k|zfGt
;]gfsf] g]tT[ jdf :yn;]gf u7g ug]{ 3f]if0ff
u/]sf] 5 . Pd;L;Lsf] ;aeGbf vt/gfs
kIf oxL xf] . g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf /
:jfwLgtfsf] /Iffsf nflu g]kfnn] s'g}
klg ;}Go u7aGwgnfO{{ c:jLsf/
ug{k' b{5 . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] ljZjdf
rLgnfO{{ PSnfP/ ljZjahf/df cfˆgf]
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kfg{' ;a} qmflGtsf/Lx?sf] cfhsf] bfloTj
ag]sf] 5 .
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of] sfo{qmd cGtu{t cd]l/sL ;]gf
a+unfb]zsf] hn / :yn ;]gf;Fu
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oxL sfo{qmd cGtu{t cd]l/sL ;]gf;Fu
;xsfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . cd]l/sfn]
;g\ !((# df klxnf]k6s :6]6
kf6{g/l;k sfo{qmd cl3 ;f/]sf]
lyof] . tTsfnLg ;f] l eot ;+ 3
cGtu{t /x]sf ;f]leot ;+3 g]tT[ jsf]
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u/]sf d'n's;Fu cd]l/sfn] :6]6
kf6{g/l;k ;Demf}tf u/]sf] lyof] . tL
b]zdWo] !& j6f clxn] klZrdf b]zsf]
babaf /x]sf] ;}Go u7aGwg pQ/
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cfj4 5g\\ .
cd] l /sfn] P;kLkL cGtu{ t
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ag]sf] lyof] . csf]l{ t/, cd]l/sfsf
tkm{af6 :6]6 kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| ddf
g]kfnsf] ;xeflutfaf/] k|lta4tf vf]Hg]
qmd /f]lsPg . oxLaLr g]kfnl:yt
cd]l/sL /fhb"t of{G8L a]/Ln] sf7df8f}dF f
cfof]lht Ps ;fj{hlgs uf]i7Ldf :6]6
kf6{g/l;k k|f]u|fd / Pd;L;LnfO{{
g]kfndf ;+zosf] gh/n] x]l/Psf]df
c;Gt'li6 hgfPsf lyP .
o;}aLr, g]kfnsf k|wfg;]gfklt
cfpFbf] c;f/ !# b]lv Ps ;ftfsf]
nflu cd]l/sfsf] cf}krfl/s e|d0fdf
hfF b } 5 g\ \ . To;nuQ} k| w fgdGqL
z]/axfb'/ b]pjf klg cd]l/sfsf]
cf}krfl/s e|d0fdf hfg] tof/L 5 . oL
pRr:t/Lo e|d0fsf a]nf cd]l/sL
;]gfn] k|:tfj u/]sf] P;kLkL ;DaGwL
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 8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$
hgo' 4 =====
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sfo{ef/ k"/f ug{' .Ú
hgo'4sf ;lxb u+uf/fd jnL -
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tTsfnLg ;dodf ;lxb tf/fb]jsf]
lhDd]jf/L ;]n ;]qm]6/L Pjd\ ls;fg
dxf;+3sf] Pl/of cWoIfsf] lyof] .
qmdzM hgo'4sf ;lxb tf/fb]jsf
5f]/f s'naxfb'/ jnL -k|lt/f]w_,
>LdtL ledsnL jnL, g]skfsf
dxf;lrj ljKnj, a'xf/L ;Ltf jnL -
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5f]/f xfn g]skfsf bfª lhNnf
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b'Zdgn] …af3sf] aRrf af3 x'G5Ú
eGb} cfk"mnfO{ klg l;Wofpg] /0fgLlt
agfPkl5 cfk"mn] !# jif{sf] pd]/df
e"ldut x'bF } xf]n6fOd/ sfo{stf{ eP/
lg/Gt/ qmflGtdf s[ofzLn /x]sf]
s'naxfb'/ jnL -k|lt/f]w_ n] atfP .
@)%& c;f/ !( ut]b]lv !# jif{sf]
pd]/df xf]n6fOd/ eP/ hgo'4df
;"rgf ;+rf/, snfsf/, hgldlnl;of,
laBfyL{ ;+u7g, hgd'lQm ;]gf;Ddsf]
e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] jnL atfpF5g .
k|r08–afa'/fdn] qmflGt l;WofPkl5
@)^* ;fndf hgd'lQm ;]gfaf6
cjsfz lnPsf] g] t f k| l t/f] w n]
atfP . cjsfz lnP klg cw'/f]
qmflGt k"/f ug]{ ;kgf ;fsf/ kfg{
df]xg j}B -ls/0f_ g]t[Tjsf] g]skf–
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nflu :ki6 sfo{lbzf gx'g' / 9'nd'n]
k|jl[ t b]lvPkl5 cfk"m g]skfn] lnPsf]
PsLs[t hgqmflGtdfkm{t\ j}1flgs
;dfhjfb :yfkgfsf] af6f] d f
b[9tfk"j{s nfu]sf] jnLn] atfP .
z'qmaf/ dxf;lrj ljKnj;lxt
kf6L{sf ;lrjfno ;b:o ljifd, kf6L{
s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf ;b:ox? lztn,
cfbz{, ;'Gb/, ;lag, g]skf bfª
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L k|lbk, o'jf ;+u7g
aiff{tsf] ;dodf x'g] kfgLhGo /f]uk|lt ;hu /xf}+ af9L÷klx/f]af6 ;ts{ /xf}+
kmf]x/ kfgLn] emf8fkvfnf, x}hf, 6fOkmfO8, cfpF, hl08;h:tf
/f]ux? nfUg ;S5g\ .
To;}n]
Ø vf]nf, wf/f jf d"nsf] kfgL l;w} glkcf}+ .
Ø kfgL pdfn]/ jf z'l4s/0f u/]/ dfq lkcf}+ .
Ø kfgLnfO{ kLo'if, cSjf6\ofA; jf cGo Snf]l/ghGo s'/fx? xfn]/
z'l4s/0f u/f}+ .
Ø lkpg] kfgLnfO{ ;kmf efF8fdf 5f]k/] /fvf}+ / ;kmf efF8fn] kfgL
lemSg] u/f}+ .
lj1fkg af]8{
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
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g]kfn sDo'lgi6=====
l6Kk0fL ub}{ sGrg–;'bz{gx?n] efn'
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clwstd hgtf bnfn k'FhLjfbsf
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k'h F LjfbL ;QfnfO{ kmfNg'kg]{ / :jfwLg
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dxf;lrj ljKnjn] bnfn k'FhLjfbL
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gkg{ clkn u/]sf lyP .
k|lzIf0fdf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox? clgn
zdf{ / cfbz{n] ;d]t k|lzIf0f lbPsf
lyP . s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ gjnk'/
gjnk/f;L OGrfh{ z/b jnLn] !#
cf}+ s]Gb|Lo ;ldltåf/f kfl/t b:tfj]h
jfrg, :jfut s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+
u'NdL kfNkf OGrfh{ ck]Iffn] :jfut
/ s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ c3f{vfFrL OGrfh{
;+udn] ;~rfng u/]sf lyP .
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o Pj+ ?kGb]xL OGrfh{
eLdsf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] k|lzIf0f
sfo{qmddf ?kGb]xL, u'NdL, kfNkf,
slknj:t', gjnk/f;L, gjnk'/,
c3f{vfFrL lhNnfsf ;]qm]6/L, lhNnf
;Nnfxsf/, lhNnf ;b:o Pj+ ljz]if
sld6Lsf ;b:onufot ;of} s f]
;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] .
g] k fndf ;fd| f HojfbL=====
;+oGq :yfkgf u/fpg] k|:tfj u/]sf
s'/fx? aflx/ cfPsf 5g\\ . g]kfndf
ljleGg axfgf / cfj/0fdf kfFr xhf/
cd]l/sL ;}lgs /x]sf ;dfrf/x? klg
aflx/ cfPsf 5g\\ . g]kfndf :yfkgf
u/]sf] Pd;LP kl/of]hgfn] klg cfkm\gf]
of]hgfsf] ;'/Iffsf nflu eGb} 5'§}
:yn / xjfO{ ;'/IffsdL{x?sf] Aoj:yf
u/]sf] s'/f klg aflx/ cfPsf] 5 .
g] k fnsf] ef/tLo b" t fjf;df
;}lgsx?n] lbglbg} k/]8 v]Ng] u/]sf]
s'/f o; cl3b]lvg} v'ns ] f] ljifo xf] .
t/ ToxfF slt ;}lgs /x]sf 5g\\ <
Tof]eg] vf]hLs} ljifo 5 . To;}u/L
g]kfnl:yt ?;L b"tfjf;df klg
;} l gsx? /x] s f] a] n favt rrf{
x'g]u/]sf] 5 . lrlgofF / a]nfotL
b"tfjf;x?df s] s:tf] cj:yf 5 <
Ø ufpF3/sf dflyNnf] efudf s'nf] agfO{ kfgLsf] plrt lgsf; lbcf}+ .
Ø hldg lr/f k/]sf] b]lvPdf kfgL gl5g]{ u/L 6fnf}+ .
Ø 3/leq jf jl/kl/sf] hldg lr/f k/]sf] eP ;'/lIft :yfgdf a;f}+ .
Ø gbL jf vf]nfdf af9L cfPdf tNnf] efudf a:g] hg;d'bfonfO{
;"rgf lbcf}+ .
Ø e"sDkn] lr/f kf/]sf] 5 eg] To:tf] :yfgnfO{ 6fnf} / ;hutf ckgfcf}+ .
Ø ef}uf]lns cj:yf ljrf/ u/]/ dfq af6f], s'nf] jf gx/ h:tf
;+/rgf agfcf}+ . e"–Ifoaf6 arf} / arfcf}+ .
lj1fkg af]8{
@)&( ;fn c;f/ % ut] cfOtaf/
Tof] v'n]sf] 5}g . o;/L g]kfndf
ljleGg zlQm /fi6«x?n] ljleGg
axfgfdf ;}lgsx? /fv]sf] b]lvPsf]
5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf cd]l/sL ;]gfn]
cfk;L ;xof]u / ;xsfo{sf gfddf
g]kfnsf] ;'/Iff lgsfonfO{{ g]kfnLx?s}
lj?4df k|of]u ug{;Sg] cfz+sfx? klg
a9]/ hfg yfn]sf 5g\\ . ;/sf/df
/x] s fx?n] kf/bzL{ 9+ u n] sfd
gu/]kl5 o:tf z+sf / pkz+sfx?
a9\g' :jfefljs xf] . o:tf cfz+sf /
k|rf/x/sf af/]df ;/sf/n] ;do
;dodf :ki6 ub}{ hfg'kg]d{ f ;/sf/df
/x]sfx?n] ;s];Dd t}F r'k d}F r'ksf]
gLlt lng] geP cg]s axfgf ug]{ ub}{
cfPsf 5g\ \ . b] z sf] ;' / Iff
;Da]bgzLntf o;/L axfgfafhLn]
rNg] s'/f xf]Og . csf{lt/ g]kfnsf
;Qfl;g /fhgLlts bnx?n] ljleGg
axfgfdf ;a{;fwf/0f g]kfnLnfO{{
e'mSofP/ ljb]zL x:tIf]knfO{{ leqleq}
cfdGq0f ug]{ / :jLsf/ ug]{ sfd
ul//x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . ut kmfu'gdf
g]sf+ / dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|nufotsf
bnx?n] cg]s axfgf v8f u/]/
Pd;L;L kl/of]hgf g]kfnsf] ;+;b\af6
kfl/t ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/fpg ;kmn
ePsf lyP . To;}sf] kl/0flt :j?k
kl5Nnf 36gfx? 3l6/x]sf 5g\\ .
h;df g]kfnL sf+u; ]| n] v'n/] } cd]l/sL
kIfw/tf lnPsf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf] :6]6
kf6{g/l;k k|fu] f| daf6 g]kfndf ;}lgs
gcfpg] atfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . To;}u/L
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf bf]>f] k':tfsf
g]tfx?n] To;k|lt lrGtf / rf;f] AoQm
u/] klg cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfnaf6
;fj{hlgs?kdf s'g} klg k|ltlqmof
AoQm e}/x]sf] 5}g . g]kfndf a9\b}
uPsf] cd]l/sL x:tIf]ksfaf/]df
bfxfnsf] …afSo km'6g\ g;Sg'Ú cfkm}dF f
a'em\g ;lsg] ljifo ePsf] 5 . ha
ls kfFr bnLo u7aGwgdf /x]sf]
PsLs[ t ;dfhjfbL / d;fnn]
cd] l /sfsf kl5Nnf ultlalw /
k|:tfjsfaf/]df ;fdfGo k|ltlqmof
AoQm ub}{ la/f]w u/]sf 5g\\ . t/,
h;kf / /fhdf] klg af]n]sf 5}gg\ .
a? s] elgFb5 } eg] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf
cWoIfsf] cu'jfO{df u}/sDo'lgi6 s]Gb|
:yfkgf u/] / tTsfnsf nflu
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|, PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL
/ h;kfh:tf kf6L{x?nfO{{ uf]na4 ug]{
k|of; e}/x]sf] 5 . k"j{dfcf]jfbLsf
ljleGg ;d"xx?n] dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf
cWoIf bfxfnnfO{{ ;lRrP/ cfPsf]
v08df kf6L{ Pstf ug]{ elg/x]sf]
cj:yfdf pxfF s f] k| o f; eg]
blIf0fkGyL af6f]df cufl8 a9\g]lt/
nfu]sf] 5 . k"j{dfcf]jfbL eP klg
sDo' l gi6 /fhgLlt kl/Tofu
ul/;s]sf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{sf]
laz]if k|:tfjcg';f/ k'iksdn bfxfn
klg blIf0fkGyL /fhgLlttkm{ cfslif{t
x'Fb} uPsf] b]lvPsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL
g] k fn ;/sf/
s] G b| n ] eGg] u/] s f] ;dfhjfb
…j}1flgsÚ geP/ …sfNklgsÚ ePsf]
s'/fdf ;Gb]x ug]{ 7fpF 5}g . j}1flgs
;dfhjfbsf] p2] Z o pTkfbs
zlQmx?nfO{{ d'St kfg'{ xf] . s[lif tyf
3/]n' pBf]udf AolQmut :jfldTjaf6
;dfhjfbL, ;fd"lxs :jfldTjdf tyf
lghL pBf]u tyf afl0fHodf k"h F LjfbL
:jfldTjaf6 ;dfhjfbL :jfldTjdf
kl/jt{g ug'{ xf] . h;sf nflu
sDo' l gi6 kf6L{ x ?n] ;fdflhs
cj:yfx? tof/ kfg]{ k|oTg u/]sf]
x'g'kb{5 . To;sf] lakl/t /x]sf
kf6L{ x ?n] eGg] u/] s f] jf:tjdf
sfNklgs / hgtfnfO{{ em'SofP/
cfkm\gf] :jfy{ ;fwgf ug]{ ;dfhjfb
xf] . To;sf ;dy{ s x? gSsnL
;dfhjfbLx? x'g\ . o;/L g]kfndf
;fd|fHojfbL d'n's / zlQmx?nfO{{
cfdGq0f e}/x]sf] 5 eg] s]xL kf6L{x?n]
sDo'lgi6 / afd kf6L{sf] cfa/0fdf
sDo'lgi6 kf6L{x?nfO{{g} ;dfKt kf/]/
blIf0fkGyL kf6L{ / zlQmx?;F u
sfo{ut Pstfub}{ e|i6 agfpg] /
g]kfnsf] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngnfO{{
sdhf]/ agfpb} nfg] k|of; ul//x]sf
5g\ \ . o:tf] sd{ klg ljZj
;fd|fHojfbsf] of]hgfcg';f/ e}/x]sf]
s'/fdf ;Gb]xug]{ 7fpF 5}g . xfn kfFr
bnLo u7aGwgdf /x]sf afd elgPsf
kf6L{ x ?df PsLs[ t ;dfhjfbL
Pdfn]s} gofF ;+:s/0f xf] . /fhdf]
ktgsf] af6f]df nfu]sf] 5 eg]
dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|df ;xL sDo'lgi6 /
blIf0fkGyL cj;/jfbL zlQmsfaLrdf
cGt/;+3if{ rln/x]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL
s]Gb|sf] cfufdL !% ut] x'g] elgPsf]
a}7sn] ;xL sDo'lgi6 / gSsnL Pa+
cj;/jfbLx?sf aLrdf ljefhg ug{
;Sg] ;+efjgf 5 eGg vf]lhPsf] s]
xf] eg] olta] n f g] k fndf
;fd|fHojfbLx?sf] 3';k}7 tLj| ePsf]
5 . /fi6« / /fli6«otf ;+s6df k/]sf]
5 . sDo'lgi6x?g} ;a}eGbf a9L b]zeQm
x'G5g\\ eGg] ul/G5, oyfy{df x'gk' lg
kb{5 . sltko sDo'lgi6 gfdwf/L
kf6L{x?n] of] ;+s6sf] a]nfdf klg
b]zelQmsf] efj;d]t b]vfPsf 5}gg\ .
pgLx? s'g} cy{df klg sDo'lgi6 x'g
;Qm}gg\ . To;}n] ;fd|fHojfbsf ;fy}
5b\de]ifL sDo'lgi6x?sf lj?4 klg
Ps;fy ;+3if{sf] cfjZostf b]lvPsf]
5 . olta]nf b]zdf a[xt\ afd Pstf
x'g'kg]{df s]xL kf6L{x? blIf0fkGyL
zlQmx?nfO{{ ;d]6/] ;dfhjfbL Pstfsf]
cfj/0fdf ultljlw ug{ yfn]sf] b]lvPsf]
5 . of] g]kfnsf ;Gbe{df Hofb}
vt/gfs If0f xf] . o;k|lt ;xL
sDo'lgi6 zlQmx?sf] oyf ;dodf g}
Wofg hfg'kb{5 .
5f] / f;/x 5f] / LnfO{
:s'n k9\g k7fcf}+ .