Objective Questions (01 To 15) : Structural Analysis

SSC-JE, AE(PSC), RRB etc.
P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(01 to 15)
,Dr
re
tu
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(L
Structural
Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
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Pr
P)
Q. 1) The number of independent equations to be
M
TE
satisfied for static equilibrium of a plane structure is
,Dr
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A. 1
(L

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B. 2
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C. 3 ep
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D. 6
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Answer C
1. For a two dimensional (2D) or plane frame
P)
M
TE
The total number of equilibrium equations = 3
,Dr
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(ΣFx = 0, ΣFy = 0, ΣMxy = 0) (If x -y plane is considered)
(L

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2. For a three dimensional (3D) or space frame
at
R
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The total number of equilibrium equations = 6

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( ΣFx = 0, ΣFy =0, ΣFz 0, ΣMxy = 0, ΣMyz = 0, ΣMzx = 0)

Q. 2) If there are m unknown member forces, r
P)
unknown reaction components and j number of
M
TE
joints, then the degree of static indeterminacy of a
,D
pin jointed plane frame is given by
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. m + r + 2j
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B. m – r + 2j ep
R
C. m + r – 2j
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D. m + r – 3j
Answer C
Static indeterminacy Or Degree of redundancy: -
P)
M
If the number of unknown reactions are more than the number
TE
,D
of equilibrium equations available then the structure is called
r
re
indeterminate structure and degree of indeterminacy is given by
tu
ec
static indeterminacy.
(L

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The static indeterminacy can be divided into the parts
at
R
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1. External Indeterminacy
Pr
2. Internal Indeterminacy
1. External Static Indeterminacy
It is the total number of
P)
additional equations required to determine the external forces.
M
TE
In general Degree of external static indeterminacy,
,D
Dse = r - e
r
re
tu
where r = Number of unknown reaction components
ec
(L
e = Total number of equilibrium equations

re
ho
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For different types of structure it is given as,
ep
R
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(i) Plane frame or 2D frame Dse = r – 3

Pr
(ii) Space frame or 3D frame Dse = r - 6

2. Internal Static Indeterminacy: -
It is the total number of additional
equations required to determine the internal forces.
P)
M
TE
For different type of structure it is given as
,Dr
(i) Pin jointed plane frame, Dsi = m – (2j -3)
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(ii) Pin jointed space frame, Dsi = m – (3j -6)
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(iii) Rigid jointed plane frame, Dsi = 3C – r’

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(iv) Rigid jointed space frame, Dsi = 6C – r’
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R
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Where, m = total number of members
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j = total number of joints

Pr
C = total number of cuts required for open configuration

r’ = Number of additional equation due to hybrid joints.
Total degree of static indeterminacy is the sum of internal and
external static indeterminacy.
Ds = Dse + Dsi
P)
M
TE
,D
(i) Pin jointed plane frame, Ds = m + r – 2j
r
re
(ii) Pin jointed space frame, Ds = m + r – 3j
tu
ec
(iii) Rigid jointed plane frame,Ds = (r - 3) + (3C – r’) OR 3m + r – 3j
(L

re
(iv) Rigid jointed space frame,Ds = (r – 6) + (6C – r‘) OR 6m + r - 6j
ho
Where,
at
m = number of membersR
ep
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j = number of joints
Pr
r’ = number of additional equations due to hybrid joints

r = number of external reactions
Pr
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ho
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(L
ec
tu
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r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 3) Number of unknown internal forces in each member
M
TE
of rigid jointed plane frame is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 1
(L

re
B. 2
ho
at
C. 3
R
ep
D. 6
e
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Pr
Pr
Answer C
ad
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 4) Degree of static indeterminacy of rigid jointed plane
P)
M
frame having 15 members, 3 reaction components and 14
TE
,D
joints is
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. 2

re
ho
B. 3
at
C. 6 R
eep
D. 8
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Pr
P)
Answer C
M
TE
,D
Rigid jointed plane frame,
r
re
tu
Ds = (r - 3) + (3C – r’) OR 3m + r – 3j
ec
(L

re
ho
Ds = 3 × 15 + 3 – 3 × 14
at
R
ep
Ds = 6
e
ad
Pr
P)
Q. 5) Degree of kinematic indeterminacy of a pin jointed
M
TE
plane frame is given by
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 2j – r
(L

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B. j – 2r
ho
at
C. 3j – r
R
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D. 2j + r
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Pr
Answer A
Kinematic indeterminacy also known as degree of freedom (DOF) is the
total number of independent joint displacement. A joint can have two
P)
types of displacements in general; rotation and linear displacement.
M
TE
Dk = aj – r + r'
,D
(1) Pin jointed plane frame, Dk = 2j - r
r
re
(2) Pin jointed space frame, Dk = 3j - r
tu
ec
(3) Rigid jointed plane frame, Dk = 3j – (r + m) + r’
(L

re
(4) Rigid jointed space frame, Dk = 6j – (r + m) + r’
ho
at
Where, a = DOF R
eep
j = Number of joints
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Pr
m = Number of members
r = number of reactions
Pr
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R
at
ho
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(L
ec
tu
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r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 6) Independent displacement components at each joint
M
TE
of a rigid jointed plane frame are
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Three linear movements
(L

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B. Two linear movements and one rotation
ho
at
C. One linear movement and two rotations
R
ep
D. Three rotations
e
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Pr
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 7) If in a pin jointed plane frame (m + r) > 2j, then the
frame is
P)
M
TE
,D
A. Stable and Statically determinate
r
re
tu
B. Stable and Statically indeterminate
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(L
C. Unstable

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ho
D. None of the above
at
R
eep
Where m is the number of members, r is reaction

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Pr
components and j is number of joints

Answer B
P)
M
TE
Ds < 0 Unstable
,Dr
Ds = 0 Stable and determinate
re
tu
Ds > 0 Stable and Indeterminate
ec
(L

re
ho
From question, (m+ r) > 2j
at
R
m + r – 2j > 0
ep
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Ds > 0
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Pr
Q. 8) A pin jointed plane frame is unstable if
P)
M
TE
A. ( m + r ) < 2j
,Dr
B. m + r = 2j
re
tu
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C. ( m + r) > 2j
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
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Pr
Answer A
P)
M
TE
Pin jointed plane frame is unstable means
,D
Ds < 0
r
re
tu
ec
m + r – 2j < 0
(L

re
(m + r) < 2j
ho
at
R
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Pr
Q. 9) A rigid jointed plane frame is stable and statically
determinate if
P)
M
TE
,D
A. ( m + r ) = 2j
r
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tu
B. ( m + r ) = 3j
ec
(L
C. ( 3m + r ) = 3j

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D. ( m + 3r) = 3j
at
R
ep
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Pr

Answer C
P)
M
TE
Rigid jointed plane frame is stable and statically
,D
determinate if
r
re
tu
ec
Ds = 0
(L

re
ho
at
3m + r - 3j = 0
ep
R
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Pr
3m + r = 3j
Pr
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R
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ho
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(L
ec
tu
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r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
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R
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ho
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(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
P)
For Rigid jointed plane frame, Dk = 3j – (r + m)+ r’
M
TE
,D
m = number of members
r
re
tu
ec
(L

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ho
at
R
ep
Dk = 3 × 6 – (5 + 5) + (2-1) +(2-1)
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Pr
Dk = 10
Pr
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R
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(L
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tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Answer B
M
TE
,D
Rigid jointed plane frame
r
re
tu
ec
Ds = 3m + r - 3j
(L

re
Ds = 3 × 2 + 3 – 3 × 3
ho
at
Ds = 0
ep
R
- Hence Stable and Determinate
e
ad
Pr
Pr
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
P)
M
Degree of kinematic indeterminacy of pin jointed
TE
,D
plane frame is
r
re
tu
ec
(L
Dk = 2j – r

re
ho
at
R
Dk = 2 × 3 – 4
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Pr
Dk = 2
P)
Q. 14) The number of independent equations to be
M
TE
satisfied for static equilibrium in a space structure is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 2
(L

re
B. 3
ho
at
C. 4
R
ep
D. 6
e
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer D
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 15) Degree of static indeterminacy of a pin jointed
space frame is given by
P)
M
TE
,D
A. m + r – 2j
r
re
tu
B. m + r – 3j
ec
(L
D. 3m + r – 3j

re
ho
D. m + r + 3j
at
R
eep

ad
Pr

Answer B
Pr
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R
at
ho
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(L
ec
tu
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r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
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🙏☺
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r,D
TE
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P)
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P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(16 to 30)
,Dr
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tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
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Pr
Q. 16) The degree of static indeterminacy of a rigid-jointed
P)
space frame is
M
TE
,Dr
A. m + r – 2j
re
tu
ec
B. m + r + - 3j
(L

re
C. 3m + r – 3j
ho
at
D. 6m + r - 6j
R
eep
ad
Where m, r and j have their usual meanings

Pr
Answer D
P)
If the number of unknown reactions are more than the number of
M
TE
equilibrium equations available then the structure is called indeterminate
,D
structure and degree of indeterminacy is given by static indeterminacy.
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Where, m = number of membe, j = number of joints,

Pr

Q. 17) The degree of kinematic indeterminacy of a pin-
P)
jointed space frame is
M
TE
,Dr
A. 2j – r
re
tu
ec
B. 3j – r
(L

re
C. j – 2r
ho
at
D. j – 3r
R
ep
e
ad
Where j is number of joints and r is reaction components

Pr
Answer B
P)
M
TE
,D
r
re
tu
ec
(3) Rigid jointed plane frame, Dk = 3j – r + r’
(L

re
Dk = 3j – (r + m) + r’ (Axial deformation ignored)
ho
(4) Rigid jointed space frame, Dk = 6j – r + r’
at
R
Dk = 6j – (r + m) + r’ (Axial deformation ignored)
eep
ad
Pr
Where, j = Number of joints, m = Number of reactions,

r = number of reactions
P)
Q. 18) The number of independent displacement
M
TE
components at each joint of a rigid-jointed space frame is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 1
(L

re
B. 2
ho
at
C. 3
R
ep
D. 6
e
ad
Pr
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 19) If in a rigid-jointed space frame, (6m+r)<6j, then the
M
TE
frame is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Unstable
(L

re
B. Stable and statically determinate
ho
at
C. Stable and statically indeterminate
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Answer A
P)
M
For rigid-jointed space frame, Ds = 6m + r – 6j
TE
,Dr
re
If Ds < 0, then Unstable
tu
ec
Ds = 0, then stable and determinate
(L

re
Ds > 0, Indeterminate and Stable
ho
at
R
ep
From question, (6m + r) < 6j
e
ad
6m +r - 6j < 0
Pr
Ds < 0
P)
Q. 20) The principle of virtual work can be applied to
M
TE
elastic system by considering the virtual work of
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Internal forces only
(L

re
B. External forces only
ho
at
C. Internal as well as external forces
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer C
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
Q. 21) Castigliano’s first theorem is applicable
TE
,Dr
re
tu
A. For statically determine structures only
ec
(L
B. When the system behaves elastically

re
ho
C. Only when principle of superposition is valid
at
D. None of the above R
eep
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer C
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 22) Principle of superposition is applicable when
M
TE
,Dr
re
A. Deflections are linear functions of applied forces
tu
ec
B. Material obeys hooke’s law
(L

re
C. The action of applied forces will be affected by small
ho
at
deformations of the structure
R
ep
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Pr
Answer A and B
This is applicable when
P)
M
1. Linear relationship between external forces and corresponding
TE
,D
structural displacements.
r
re
2. The material used in the structure must be Linearly Elastic.
tu
ec
(Obeys Hooke’s law)
(L

re
ho
The principle of superposition may be stated as the deflection at
at
R
a given point in a structure produced by several loads acting
eep
ad
simultaneously on the structure can be found by superposing

Pr
deflections at the same point produced by loads acting

individually.
Pr
ad
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 23) In moment distribution method, the sum of
P)
M
distribution factors of all the members meeting at any joint
TE
,D
is always
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. Zero

re
ho
B. Less than 1
at
C. 1 R
ep
e
D. Greater than 1
ad
Pr
Answer C
P)
M
TE
,D
Moment distribution method is a structural analysis
r
re
tu
method for statically indeterminate beams and frames
ec
(L
developed by Hardy Cross.

re
ho
at
R
The method only accounts for flexural effects and ignores
eep
axial and shear effects.

ad
Pr
Pr
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 24) The carryover factor in a prismatic member whose
M
TE
far end is fixed is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 0
(L

re
B. 1/2
ho
at
C. 3/4
R
ep
D. 1
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
P)
Carry over factor: - It is a moment developed at the far end due
M
TE
to the unit rotation at the near end (Sign of applied and
,D
developed moment is same).
r
re
tu
ec
(L
COF = Carry over moment / Moment at near end

re
ho
at
R
COF = Developed moment (far end) /Applied moment (near end)
eep
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1. Far end fixed, then COF = ½

Pr
2. Far end hinged, then COF = 0

Pr
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R
at
ho
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(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 25) The carryover factor in a prismatic member whose
M
TE
far end is hinged is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 0
(L

re
B. 1/2
ho
at
C. 3/4
R
ep
D. 1
e
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 26) The moment required to rotate the near end of a
prismatic beam through a unit angle without translation,
P)
M
the far end being simply supported, is given by
TE
,Dr
re
tu
A. 3EI/L
ec
(L
B. 4EI/L

re
ho
C. 2EI/L
at
D. EI/L R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Where EI is flexural rigidity and L is span of beam

Answer A
Flexural stiffness: - Moment required to rotate the near end, produce
P)
unit rotation without translation. K = M/(θ=1)
M
TE
Required moment depends on far end
,D
1. Far end fixed, K = 4EI/L 2. Far end hinged, K = 3EI/L
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 27) The moment required to rotate the near end of a
prismatic beam through unit angle, without translation (
P)
M
the far end being fixed ), is given by
TE
,Dr
re
tu
A. EI/L
ec
(L
B. 2EI/L

re
ho
C. 3EI/L
at
D. 4EI/L R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Where EI is flexural rigidity and L is span of beam

Pr
Answer D
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 28) If M is the external moment which rotates the near
P)
M
end of a prismatic beam without translation ( the far and
TE
,D
being fixed ), then the moment induced at the far end is
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. M/2 in same direction as M

re
ho
B. M/2 in opposite direction as M
at
C. R
M in opposite direction
ep
e
D. 0
ad
Pr
Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 29) The principle of superposition is not applicable
when
i) The material does not obey Hooke’s law
P)
M
ii) The effects of temperature changes are taken into
TE
,D
consideration
r
re
tu
iii) The structure is being analysed for the effect of support
ec
(L
settlement

re
ho
The correct answer is
at
A. Only (i) R
eep
B. Both (i) and (ii)

ad
Pr
C. Both (ii) and (iii)

D. (i), (ii) and (iii)
Pr
Answer A
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 30) If the displacement at coordinate i due to unit
P)
force at coordinate j is δij, and displacement at
M
TE
coordinate j due to unit force at coordinate i is δji,
,D
then according to Maxwell’s Reciprocal theorem,
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. δij = δji
ho
at
B. δij > δji ep
R
C. δij < δji
e
ad
Pr
D. δij ≠ δji
Answer A
Maxwell's reciprocal theorem state that in a linearly elastic
P)
structure, the deflection at any point A due to a load
M
TE
applied at some other point B will be equal to the
,Dr
deflection at B when the same load is applied at A.
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
eep
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(31 to 45)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
P)
Q. 31) The ordinates of influence line diagram for bending
M
TE
moment always have the dimensions of
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Force
(L

re
B. Length
ho
at
C. Force×length
R
ep
D. Force/length
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
An influence line for any given point or section of structure is a
P)
curve whose ordinates represent to scale the variation of a
M
TE
function such as shear force, bending moment, deflection etc at
,D
a point or section, as the unit load moves across the structure.
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 32) If one end of prismatic beam AB with fixed ends is
given a transverse displacement Δ without any rotation,
P)
then the transverse reactions at A or B due to
M
TE
displacement is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 6EIΔ/L²
(L

re
B. 6EIΔ/L³
ho
at
C. 12EIΔ/L²
R
ep
D. 12EIΔ/L³
e
ad
Pr
Where L is span of beam AB and EI is flexural rigidity

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 33) If the sinking of a support of a fixed beam causes
P)
M
the beam to rotate in the clockwise direction, then the
TE
,D
moments induced at both the ends of the beam will be
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. In anticlockwise direction and of equal magnitude

re
ho
B. In clockwise direction and of different magnitudes
at
R
C. In opposite directions and equal magnitude
ep
e
D. In opposite directions and of different magnitudes

ad
Pr
Pr
Answer A
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R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 34) In column analogy method, the area of an
P)
M
analogous column for a fixed beam of span L and flexural
TE
,D
rigidity EI is taken as
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. L/EI

re
ho
B. L/2EI
at
C. L/3EI R
ep
e
D. L/4EI
ad
Pr
Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 35) The degree of static indeterminacy up to which
M
TE
column analogy method can be used is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 2
(L

re
B. 3
ho
at
C. 4
R
ep
D. Unrestricted
e
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer B
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 36) The deflection at any point of a perfect frame can
M
TE
be obtained by applying a unit load at the joint in
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Vertical direction
(L

re
B. Horizontal direction
ho
at
C. Inclined direction
R
ep
D. The direction in which the deflection is required
e
ad
Pr
P)
Answer D
M
TE
,Dr
re
The method of virtual work, or sometimes referred to as the unit-
tu
ec
load method.
(L

re
Applying a unit load at the point in the direction of which a
ho
at
displacement needs to be calculated.
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 37) In the slope deflection equations, the deformations
are considered to be caused by
P)
M
TE
i) Bending moment
,Dr
ii) Shear force
re
tu
ec
iii) Axial force
(L

re
ho
at
A. Only (i)
R
ep
B. (i) and (ii)
e
ad
C. (ii) and (iii)

Pr

Answer A
P)
M
Slope deflection equation give the relationship between bending
TE
,D
moment acting on a structures member and displacement of the
r
re
member at its ends.
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
eep
ad
Pr
P)
Q. 38) The three moments equation is applicable only
M
TE
when
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. The beam is prismatic
(L

re
B. There is no settlement of supports
ho
at
C. There is no discontinuity such as hinges within the span
R
ep
D. The spans are equal
e
ad
Pr
Answer C
A prismatic beam is simply a beam in which there is a
P)
M
uniform cross section throughout.
TE
,Dr
re
tu
Three moment equation relates moments at three
ec
(L
successive (no discontinuity) supports to applied loading

re
ho
on adjacent spans.
at
R
eep
Fixed end is replaced by an additional span of zero length.

ad
Pr
Q. 39) While using three moments equation, a fixed end
P)
M
moment of a continuous beam is replaced by an additional
TE
,D
span of
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. Zero length

re
ho
B. Infinite length
at
R
C. Zero moment of inertia
eep

ad
Pr
Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 40) The Castigliano’s second theorem can be used to
M
TE
compute deflections
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. In statically determinate structures only
(L

re
B. For any type of structure
ho
at
C. At the point under the load only
R
ep
D. For beams and frames only
e
ad
Pr
P)
M
Answer B
TE
,Dr
re
tu
Castigliano's second theorem The first partial derivative of the
ec
(L

total internal energy in a structure with respect to the force
re
ho
applied at any point is equal to the deflection at the point of
at
R
application of that force in the direction of its line of action.
eep
ad
Pr
P)
Q. 41) Bending moment at any section in a conjugate
M
TE
beam gives in the actual beam
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Slope
(L

re
B. Curvature
ho
at
C. Deflection
R
ep
D. Bending moment
e
ad
Pr
Answer C
P)
M
TE
Conjugate beam is defined as the imaginary beam with the same
,D
span as that of the original beam
r
re
tu
ec
(L
The conjugate-beam method is an engineering method to derive

re
ho
the slope (Shear force in original beam) and deflection (Bending
at
R
moment in original beam) of a beam.
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 42) For a two-hinged arch, if one of the supports
M
TE
settles down vertically, then the horizontal thrust
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Is increased
(L

re
B. Is decreased
ho
at
C. Remains unchanged
R
ep
D. Becomes zero
e
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer C
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 43) For a symmetrical two hinged parabolic arch, if one
P)
M
of the supports settles horizontally, then the horizontal
TE
,D
thrust
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. Is increased

re
ho
B. Is decreased
at
C. Remains unchanged R
eep
D. Becomes zero
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer B
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 44) A single rolling load of 8 KN rolls along a grider of 15
M
TE
m span. The absolute maximum bending moment will be
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 8 KN-m
(L

re
B. 15 KN-m
ho
at
C. 30 KN-m
R
ep
D. 60KN-m
e
ad
Pr
Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 45) The maximum bending moment due to a train of
M
TE
wheel loads on a simply supported girder
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Always occurs at centre of span
(L

re
B. Always occurs under a wheel load
ho
at
C. Never occurs under wheel load
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(46 to 60)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 46) When a uniformly distributed load, longer than the
P)
span of the girder, moves from left to right, then the
M
TE
maximum bending moment at mid section of span occurs
,Dr
when the uniformly distributed load occupies
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. Less than the left half span
ho
at
B. Whole of the half span
R
ep
C. More than the left half span
e
ad
D. Whole span
Pr
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q 47) When a uniformly distributed load, shorter than the span
P)
M
of the grider, moves from left to right, then the conditions for
TE
maximum bending moment at a section is that
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. The head of the load reaches the section
(L

B. The tail of the load reaches the section
re
ho
C. The load position should be such that the section divides it equally on
at
both sides.
R
ep
D. The load position should be such that the section divides the load in
e
ad
the same ratio as it divides the span

Pr
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 48) When a series of wheel loads crosses a simply supported
girder, the maximum bending moment under any given wheel
P)
M
load occurs when
TE
,Dr
re
A. The centre of gravity of the load system is Midway between
tu
ec
the centre of span and wheel load under consideration
(L

re
B. The centre of Span Midway between the centre of gravity of
ho
the load system and the wheel load under consideration
at
R
C. The wheel load under consideration is the Midway between
eep
ad
the centre of span and the centre of gravity of the load system
Pr

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 49) Which of the following is not the displacement
M
TE
method
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Equilibrium method
(L

re
B. Column analogy method
ho
at
C. Moment distribution method
R
ep
D. Kani’s method
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
P)
M
Force method: - Primary unknown are forces.
TE
1. Method of consistent deformation
,D
2. Theorem of least work
r
re
tu
3. Column analogy method
ec
4. Flexibility matrix methd
(L

re
ho
Displacement method: -Primary unknowns are the displacements.
at
1. Slope deflection method R
eep
2. Moment distribution method

ad
Pr
3. Kani’s method
4. Stiffness matrix method
Q. 50) The muller-Breslau principle can be used to
i) Determine the shape of the influence line
P)
ii) Indicate the parts of the structure to be loaded to obtain
M
TE
the maximum effect
,Dr
iii) Calculate the ordinates of the influence lines
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
A. Only (i)
R
ep
B. Both (i) and (ii)
e
ad
C. Both (ii) and (iii)

Pr
D. All (i), (ii) and (iii)

Answer D
P)
M
TE
,D
The basis of the Müller-Breslau Principle is that we can find the
r
re
influence line for a determinate beam by:
tu
ec
(L

re
1. Removing the restraint caused by the parameter that we want
ho
to find the influence line for
at
R
ep
e
ad
2. Then, displace or rotate the resulting structure by one unit.

Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r ,D
TE
M
P)
There will be no moment in central column.

C.
B.
A.
D.
0
1t
2t
0.5t
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Total degree of static indeterminacy is the sum of internal and
external static indeterminacy.
Ds = Dse + Dsi
P)
M
TE
,D
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
Where,
at
m = number of membersR
ep
e
ad
Pr

P)
M
TE
Answer C
,Dr
re
tu
ec
Rigid jointed plane frame, Ds = r – 3 + (3C – r’)
(L

re
Ds = 6 – 3 + (3×0 - 0)
ho
at
Ds = 3
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 56)
P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
What is the degree of kinematic indeterminacy of the beam
ho
at
shown in fig. 12.10
R
ep
A. 2
e
ad
B. 3
Pr
C. 4
D. 5
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
Dk = 5
R
at
Dk = 3j – r ho
re
Dk = 3×3 – 4 (L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 57) What is the degree of kinematic indeterminacy of
the beam shown in fig 12.10, if the axial deformation is
ignored
P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
A. 2 R
eep
B. 3
ad
Pr
C. 4
D. 5
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
Dk = 3
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
Dk = 3j – (m + r)
re
r
Dk = 3×3 – (2+4)
,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
Dk = aj – r + r’
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
(3) Rigid jointed plane frame, Dk = 3j –(r + m) + r’ (Axial deformation ignored)

re
Dk = 3j – r + r’
ho
at
(4) Rigid jointed space frame, Dk = 6j – (r + m) + r’ (Axial deformation ignored)
R
ep
Dk = 6j – r + r’
e
ad
Where, a = DOF, j = Number of joints

Pr
m = Number of members, r = number of reactions

P)
M
Answer A
TE
,Dr
re
tu
Rigid jointed plane frame, (Axial deformation ignored)
ec
(L

Dk = 3j – (r + m) + r’
re
ho
Dk = 3×6 – (4+6) + 0
at
R
Dk = 8
eep
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
Answer B
TE
,Dr
re
tu
Rigid jointed plane frame,
ec
(L
Ds = r - 3 + [3C - r’]

re
ho
Ds = 6 – 3 + [3×0 – (2-1)]
at
R
Ds = 2
eep
ad
Pr
P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
The portal frame shown in fig 12.13 will
ep
A. Not sway
e
ad
B. Sway towards left

Pr
C. Sway towards right

D. Sway either to left or right
Pr
Answer C
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
Objective Questions
TE
,Dr
re
(61 to 75)
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
Structural ep
R
at
e
Analysis
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Flexibility Matrix:- A unit force or moment is applied at a coordinates and the
displacement (deflection and rotation) are calculated at all coordinates.
P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
P)
M
Q. 65) The elements of flexibility matrix of a structure
TE
,Dr
re
tu
A. Are dependent on the choice of coordinates
ec
(L
B. Are independent of the choice of coordinates

re
ho
C. Are always dimensionally homogenous
at
D. Both A and B R
eep
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 66) Study of the following statements
i) The displacement method is more useful when degree of kinematic
indeterminacy is greater than the degree of static indeterminacy
P)
ii) The displacement method is more useful when degree of kinematic
M
TE
indeterminacy is less than the degree of static indeterminacy
,D
iii) The force method is more useful when degree of static indeterminacy
r
re
is greater than the degree of kinematic indeterminacy
tu
ec
iv) The force method is more useful when degree of static indeterminacy
(L

is less than the degree of kinematic indeterminacy
re
ho
at
The correct answer is R
ep
A. (i) and (iii)
e
ad
B. (ii) and (iii)

Pr
C. (i) and (iv)

D. (ii) and (iv)
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
Force method:- Ds < Dk
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
Displacement method:- Dk < Ds
tu
re
r ,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
Q. 67) Select the correct statement
TE
,Dr
re
tu
A. Flexibility matrix is a square symmetrical matrix
ec
(L
B. Stiffness matrix is a square symmetrical matrix

re
ho
C. Both A and B
at
D. None of the above R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer C
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 68) To generate the j th column of the flexibility matrix
P)
M
TE
A. A unit force is applied at coordinate j and the displacement are
,D
calculated at all coordinates
r
re
tu
B. A unit displacement is applied at coordinate j and the forces
ec
(L
are calculated at all coordinates

re
ho
C. A unit force is applied at coordinate j and the forces are
at
caculated at all coordinatesR
ep
D. A unit displacement is applied at coordinate j and the
e
ad
displacements are calculated at all coordinates

Pr
P)
M
TE
Answer A
,Dr
re
tu
ec
Flexibility Matrix:- A unit force or moment is applied at a
(L

re
coordinates and the displacement (deflection and
ho
at
rotation) are calculated at all coordinates.
ep
R
e
ad
Pr
Q. 69) For stable structures, one of the important properties of
flexibility and stiffness matrices is that the elements on the main
P)
diagonal
M
TE
,D
i) Of a stiffness matrix must be positive
r
re
ii) Of a stiffness matrix must be negative
tu
ec
iii) Of a flexibility matrix must be positive
(L

iv) Of a flexibility matrix must be negative
re
ho
at
R
ep
A. (i) and (iii)
e
ad
B. (ii) and (iii)

Pr
C. (i) and (iv)

D. (i) and (iv)
Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
P)
Strain energy: - When a body is subjected to gradual, sudden or impact
M
load, the body deforms and work is done upon it. If the elastic limit is not
TE
,D
exceed, this work is stored in the body. This work done or energy stored
r
re
in body is called strain energy.
tu
Strain energy = Work done
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
P)
Q. 71) Effects of shear force and axial force on plastic
M
TE
moment capacity of a structure are respectively to
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Increase and decrease
(L

re
B. Increase and increase
ho
at
C. Decrease and increase
R
ep
D. Decrease and decrease
e
ad
Pr
Answer D
P)
M
TE
,D
Plastic moment capacity:- It is defined as the moment at
r
re
tu
which the entire cross section has reached its yield stress.
ec
(L

re
ho
Effect of axial load and shear:- If a member is subjected to
at
R
the combined action of bending moment and axial force,
ep
e
ad
the plastic moment capacity will be reduced.

Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 74) Which of the following methods of structural
M
TE
analysis is a force method
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Slope deflection method
(L

re
ho
at
C. Moment distribution method
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
P)
M
TE
,D
r
re
tu
ec
4. Flexibility matrix method
(L

re
ho
at
Displacement method:- Primary unknown are displacement.
R
ep
1. Slope deflection method
e
ad

Pr
3. Kani’s method
P)
Q. 75) Which of the following methods of structural
M
TE
analysis is a displacement method
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Moment distribution method
(L

re
ho
at
C. Three Moment equation
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(76 to 90)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
P)
Q. 76) In the displacement method of structural analysis,
M
TE
the basic unknowns are
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Displacements
(L

re
B. Force
ho
at
C. Displacements and forces
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Answer A
P)
M
TE
,D
r
re
tu
ec
4. Flexibility matrix method
(L

re
ho
at
Displacement method:- Primary unknown are displacement.
R
ep
e
ad

Pr
3. Kani’s method
P)
Q. 77) The fixed support in a real beam becomes in the
M
TE
conjugate beam a
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Roller support
(L

re
B. Hinged support
ho
at
C. Fixed support
R
ep
D. Free end
e
ad
Pr
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 78) The width of the analogous column in the method
M
TE
of column analogy is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. 2/EI
(L

re
B. 1/EI
ho
at
C. 1/2EI
R
ep
D. 1/4EI
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
P)
M
dimensions (length) as that of the original beam but load at any
TE
,D
point on the conjugate beam is equal to the bending moment at
r
re
that point divided by EI.
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 79) A simply supported beam deflects by 5 mm when it
P)
is subjected to concentrated load of 10 KN at its centre.
M
TE
What will be the deflection in a 1/10 model of a beam if
,Dr
the model is subjected to a 1 KN load at its centre
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. 5 mm
ho
at
B. 0.5 mm
R
ep
C. 0.05 mm
e
ad
D. 0.005 mm
Pr
Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 80) The deformation of a spring produced by a unit load
M
TE
is called
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Stiffness
(L

re
B. Flexibility
ho
at
C. Influence coefficient
R
ep
D. Unit strain
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
P)
M
The expression of stiffness for an elastic body is as below.
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
Here, the stiffness is k, applied force is F, and deflection is δ.
ho
at
R
Flexibility is inverse of stiffness
ep
e
ad
Pr
Flexibility = deflection/force
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 82) A fixed beam of span L is carrying a point load P at
P)
its midspan. If the moment of inertia of the middle half
M
TE
length is two times that of the remaining length, then the
,Dr
fixed and moments will be
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. PL/32
ho
at
B. 5PL/48
R
ep
C. 3PL/32
e
ad
D. 5PL/32
Pr
Pr
Answer B
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 84) Consider the following statements
i) Conjugate beam can be used to determine slopes and
deflection in non Prismatic beam
P)
M
ii) conjugate beam may be statically indeterminate
TE
,D
iii) conjugate beam method gives absolute slope and
r
re
tu
deflection
ec
(L

re
ho
at
A. (i) and (iii) R
ep
e
B. (i) and (ii)

ad
Pr
C. (ii) and (iii)

Answer A
P)
dimensions (length) as that of the original beam but load at any point on
M
TE
the conjugate beam is equal to the bending moment at that point divided
,D
by EI.
r
re
tu
ec
The conjugate-beam method is an engineering method to derive the
(L

re
slope and displacement of a beam.
ho
at
R
1. The slope at a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the shear
ep
force at the corresponding point in the conjugate beam.
e
ad
Pr
2. The displacement of a point in the real beam is numerically equal to

the moment at the corresponding point in the conjugate beam.
Q. 85) In a three hinged arch,
i) Influence line for horizontal thrust is parabolic
P)
ii) Maximum horizontal thurst occurs when the unit load is at the
M
TE
crown
,D
iii) Maximum sagging moment occurs when the unit load is at the
r
re
tu
section itself
ec
(L

re
ho
at
A. (i) and (ii) ep
R
B. (i) and (iii)
e
ad
C. (ii) and (iii)

Pr

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 86) Influence line for horizontal thrust in a two hinged
M
TE
parabolic arch is
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Parabolic
(L

re
B. Cubic
ho
at
C. Triangular
R
ep
D. Rectangular
e
ad
Pr
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 87) For a single point load W moving on a symmetrical
P)
three hinged parabolic arch of span L, the maximum
M
TE
sagging moment occurs at a distance X from ends.
,Dr
The value of X is
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. 0.211L
ho
at
B. 0.25L
R
ep
C. 0.234L
e
ad
D. 0.5L
Pr
Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 88) Muller Breslau’s principle for obtaining influence lines is
applicable to
(i) Trusses
P)
M
(ii) Statically determinate beams and frames
TE
,D
(iii) Statically indeterminate structures, the material of which is
r
re
elastic and follows Hooke’s law
tu
ec
(iv) Any statically indeterminate structure
(L

re
ho
at
A. (i), (ii) and (iii) R
eep
ad
B. (i), (ii) and (iv)

Pr
C. (i) and (ii)

D. Only (i)
P)
M
TE
Answer A
,Dr
re
tu
ec
Muller Breslau’s principle is used to draw ILD for determinate and
(L

re
indeterminate structures (material of which is elastic and follows
ho
at
Hooke’s law).
R
eep
ad
Pr
Q. 89) Consider the following statements in regard to finding stresses in
Truss members due to moving loads
(i) The stress in a web member is given by the influence line of shear
P)
force for the panel containing the member
M
TE
(ii) The stress in a web member is given by the influence line of bending
,D
moment for the node find opposite to the member
r
re
(iii) The stress in a chord member is given by the influence line of shear
tu
ec
force for the panel containing the member
(L

(iv) The stress in a chord member is given by the influence line of bending
re
ho
moment for the node point opposite to the member
at
ep
A. (i) and (iii)
e
ad
B. (i) and (iv)

Pr
C. (ii) and (iii)

D. (ii) and (iv)
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 90) In which of the following truss members the stress
P)
M
depends upon, whether the load is moving on the top
TE
,D
chord or bottom chord
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. Top chord and bottom chord

re
ho
B. Verticals
at
C. Diagonals R
eep
D. Verticals and diagonals

ad
Pr
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r ,D
TE
M
P)
Deck type truss

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(91 to 100)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
P)
Q. 91) for analysis of building frames under vertical loads,
M
TE
the point of inflection is assumed at
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. Centre of each beam
(L

re
B. Centre of each column
ho
at
C. One tenth of the span length from each end of thebeam
R
ep
D. Both A and B
e
ad
Pr
P)
M
Answer C
TE
,Dr
re
Inflection point - Point of zero moment
tu
ec
(L

re
For analysis of building frames under vertical loads, the point of
ho
at
inflection is assumed at 1/10th of the span length from each end
R
ep
of the beam.
e
ad
Pr
Q. 92) In the cantilever method of lateral load analysis, which of the
following assumptions are made
(i) The axial force in the beam is zero
P)
(ii) The intensity of axial stress in each column of a storey is proportional
M
TE
to the horizontal distance of that column from the centre of gravity of all
,D
columns of the storey under consideration
r
re
(iii) The total horizontal shear on each storey is divided between the
tu
ec
columns of that storey so that is each interior column carries twice as
(L

much shear as each exterior column
re
ho
at
ep
A. (i) and (ii)
e
ad
B. (i) and (iii)

Pr
C. Only (ii)
D. Only (iii)
Answer C
The following methods can be employed for lateral load analysis of rigidly jointed
P)
frames.
M
1. The Cantilever method
TE
,D
2. The Portal method
r
3. The Factor method
re
tu
1. Cantilever method
ec
following assumption in the cantilever method
(L

re
1) An inflection point occurs at the mid point of each girder.
ho
2) An inflection point occurs at mid height of each column.
at
R
3) In a storey, the intensity of axial stress in a each column is proportional to its
ep
horizontal distance from the center of gravity of all the columns in that storey.
e
ad
2. Portal method
Pr
1) and 2) similar to cantilever

3) The total horizontal shear at each storey is divided between the columns of that
storey such that the interior column carries twice the shear of exterior column.
Q. 93) The factor method of analysing building frames is
P)
M
(i) More accurate than either the portal or the cantilever method
TE
,D
(ii) Based upon the slope deflection method of analysis
r
re
(iii) Used for lateral as well as vertical load analysis
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
A. Only (i)
at
B. (i) and (ii) R
eep
ad
C. Only (ii)
Pr

Answer B
The following methods can be employed for lateral load analysis
P)
of rigidly jointed frames.
M
TE
,D
1. The Portal method.
r
re
2. The Cantilever method
tu
ec
3. The Factor method
(L

re
ho
The factor method is more accurate than either the portal method or the
at
cantilever method. R
eep
ad
Pr
The portal method and the cantilever method yield good results only
when the height of a building is approximately more than five times its
least lateral dimension.
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 95) Consider the following assumptions in the analysis of a
plane Truss
P)
M
TE
1. The individual members are the straight
,D
2. The individual members are connected by frictionless hinges
r
re
tu
3. The loads and reactions act only at the joints
ec
(L

re
ho
Of these assumptions
at
A. 1 and 2 are valid ep
R
B. 1 and 3 are valid
e
ad
C. 2 and 3 are valid

Pr
D. 1,2 and 3 are valid

Answer D
P)
Assumptions in the analysis of truss:-
M
TE
,D
1. Truss members are connected together at their ends only.
r
re
tu
2. Truss are connected together by frictionless pins.
ec
(L
3. The weights of the members may be neglected.

re
ho
4. The individual members are the straight and prismatic.
at
R
5. The truss structure is loaded only at the joints.
ep
6. The truss members subjected purely axial forces either by axial
e
ad
tension or axial compression. Never by transverse forces.

Pr
7. The members cannot develop moments at the ends.

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
P)
If the number of unknown reactions are more than the number of
M
TE
equilibrium equations available then the structure is called indeterminate
,D
structure and degree of indeterminacy is given by static indeterminacy.
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Where, m = number of membe, j = number of joints,

Pr

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(101 to 110)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 101) Which of the structures of fig. 12.28 will experience sway?
P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
Select the correct answer using the codes given below
ep
A. A and B
e
ad
B. A and C
Pr
C. C and D
D. B and D
Answer B
P)
M
When the joints of beam are having
TE
,D
lateral displacement the given frame is
r
re
sway frame.
tu
ec
(L

Conditions of non-sway frames:-
re
ho
1. Columns of the frame should be
at
symmetrical R
ep
2. The loading should be symmetrical
e
ad
3. Support of column should be

Pr
symmetrical
Q.102) A symmetrical two-hinged parabolic arch when
P)
M
subjected to a uniformly distributed load on the entire
TE
,D
horizontal span, is subject to
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. Radial shear alone

re
ho
B. Normal thrust alone
at
R
C. Normal thrust and bending moment
eep
D. Normal thrust, radial shear and bending moment

ad
Pr
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 103) A two span continuous beam ABC is simply
supported at A and C and is continuous over support B.
P)
M
Span AB = 6m, BC = 6m. The beam carries a udl of 2 t/m
TE
,D
over both the spans. EI is constant for the entire span. The
r
re
tu
fixed end moment at B in span BA Or BC would be
ec
(L

re
ho
A. 12 t.m
at
B. 9 t.m R
ep
e
C. 8 t.m
ad
Pr
D. 6 t.m
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 105) The strain energy stored in a simply supported
P)
M
beam of span l and flexural rigidity EI due to a central
TE
,D
concentrated load W is
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. W²l³/48EI

re
ho
B. W²l²/48EI
at
C. W²l²/96EI R
ep
e
D. W²l³/96EI
ad
Pr
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Q. 106) In a two hinged arch an increase in temperature
M
TE
induces
,Dr
re
tu
ec
A. No bending moment in the arch rib
(L

re
B. Uniform bending moment in the arch rib
ho
at
C. Maximum bending moment at the crown
R
ep
D. Minimum bending moment at the crown
e
ad
Pr
Answer C
P)
M
Effect of temperature on 3 hinge arch:-
TE
,D
1. Thermal stress will not developed on statically determinate structure
r
re
have no change in bending moment
tu
2. Temperature increase → horizontal thrust decrease
ec
(L

re
ho
Effect of temperature on 2 hinge arch:-
at
1. Two hinge arch are Statically indeterminate, hence thermal stress are
R
ep
developed.
e
ad
2. Temperature increase → Horizontal thrust increase and BM maximum

Pr
at crown.
Q. 107) The following methods are used for structural analysis
1. Macaulay method
P)
M
TE
,D
3. Kani’s method
r
re
4. Method of sections
tu
ec
Those used for indeterminate structural analysis would include
(L

re
ho
A. 1 and 2
at
B. 1 and 3 R
ep
e
ad
C. 2 and 3
Pr
D. 2,3 and 4
Answer C
P)
M
TE
The following methods are used to solve indeterminate structures:
,Dr
1. Flexibility method
re
tu
ec
(L

re
4. Kani's method
ho
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 110) The absolute maximum bending moment in a
P)
M
simply supported beam of span 20 m due to a moving udl
TE
,D
of 4 t/m spanning over 5 m is
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. 87.5 t-m at the support

re
ho
B. 87.5 t-m near the midpoint
at
R
C. 3.5 t-m at the midpoint
ep
e
D. 87.5 t-m at the midpoint

ad
Pr
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(111 to 120)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
TE
Answer B
,Dr
re
Option A is correct for ILD of a Horizontal thurst in 3 hinge arch.
tu
ec
Because 3 hinge arch is Statically determinate, hence ILD is linear.
(L

re
ho
Option B is correct for ILD of a Horizontal thurst in 2 hinge arch
at
R
Because 2 hinge arch is Statically indeterminate, hence ILD is parabolic.
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 116) Consider the following statements with respect to arches
1. The normal thrust at any section of the arch is the component of
interacting forces on the section along the tangent to the centre line of
P)
the arch
M
TE
2. The radial shear at any section of the arch is the component of the
,D
interacting forces on the section along the normal to the centre line of
r
re
the arch
tu
ec
3. The intercept between a given arch and the linear arch at a section is
(L

proportional to the bending moment at the section.
re
ho
at
Of these statements R
ep
A. 1,2 and 3 are correct
e
ad
B. 1 and 2 are correct

Pr
C. 2 and 3 are correct

D. 1 and 3 are correct
Answer A
P)
M
TE
Total force acting along the normal is called normal thrust and
,D
Total force acting along the radial direction is called radial shear.
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
eep
ad
Pr
Q. 117) A symmetrical parabolic arch of span 20 metres
and risee 5 metres is hinged at the springings. It supports a
P)
M
uniformly distributed load of 2 tonnes per metre run of the
TE
,D
span. The horizontal thrust in tonnes at each of the
r
re
tu
springings is
ec
(L

re
ho
A. 8
at
B. 16 R
ep
e
C. 20
ad
Pr
D. Zero
Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 118) A beam AB is fixed at both ends and carries a
uniformly distributed load of intensity p per unit length run
P)
M
over its entire length. Due to some constructional defects,
TE
,D
the end B is now reduced to a simple support. The
r
re
tu
percentage increase in bending moment at A is
ec
(L

re
ho
A. 25
at
B. 50 R
ep
e
C. 75
ad
Pr
D. 100
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 119) Match list I with list II and select the correct answer using
P)
the codes given below the lists:
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
eep
ad
Pr
Q. 120) A fixed beam AB is subjected to a triangular load
P)
M
varying from zero at end A to w per unit length at end B.
TE
,D
The ratio of fixed end moment at B to A will be
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. 1/2

re
ho
B. 1/3
at
C. 2/3 R
eep
D. 3/2
ad
Pr
Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(121 to 130)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 121)
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
Answer C
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Zero force members in a truss are members which do not have any force in them.
There are two rules that may be used to find zero-force members in a truss.
P)
M
Case 1 At a TWO member joint:
TE
If those members are NOT parallel AND there are no other external loads (or
,D
reactions) at the joint THEN both of those members are zero force members.
r
re
tu
ec
Case 2 In a THREE member joint:
(L

If TWO of those members are
re
ho
parallel and there are no other
at
external loads (or reactions) at the
R
ep
joint then the member that is not
e
ad
parallel is a zero force member.

Pr
Since force in member XY is zero,

Hence strain energy is zero
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 127) Consider the following statements
Sinking of an intermediate support of a continuous beam
P)
M
1. Reduces the negative moment at support
TE
,D
2. Increases the negative moment at support
r
re
3. Reduces the positive moment at support
tu
ec
4. Increases the positive moment at the centre of span
(L

re
ho
Of these statements
at
A. 1 and 4 are correct R
e ep
ad
B. 1 and 3 are correct

Pr
C. 2 and 3 are correct

D. 2 and 4 are correct
Answer A
Continuous beam is subjected to negative bending moments at supports and
P)
M
positive bending moments at mid-span.
TE
,D
When one of the intermediate supports
r
re
is sinking. It results in reduction of
tu
ec
negative bending moment at the
(L

support but increase in bending
re
ho
moments at midspan on the
at
either side.
R
e ep
The change in moment is

ad
Pr
calculated through moment

distribution method
of the structural analysis.
Q. 128) A number of wheel loads 3t, 4t, 5t and 6t spaced 2
m, 3 m and 4 m respectively move on a simply supported
P)
M
beam AB of span 24 m with the 3t load leading from left to
TE
,D
right. To find the maximum bending moment at 18 m from
r
re
tu
a from A, the load that must be placed at the section is
ec
(L

re
ho
A. 3t
at
B. 4t R
ep
e
C. 5t
ad
Pr
D. 6t
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 129) A load W is moving from left to right support on a
P)
M
simply supported beam of span l. The maximum bending
TE
,D
moment at 0.4 l from the left support is
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. 0.16 Wl

re
ho
B. 0.20 Wl
at
C. 0.24 Wl R
eep
D. 0.25 Wl
ad
Pr
Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 130) Consider the following statements regarding the beams
P)
and their loading shown in figures. 12.46 and 12.47
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
eep
ad
Pr
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(131 to 140)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 132) A cantilever beam AB, fixed at A and carrying a
P)
load W at the free end B, is found to be deflect by δ at the
M
TE
midpoint of AB. The deflection of B due to a load W/2 at
,Dr
the midpoint will be
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. 2δ
ho
at
B. δ
R
ep
C. δ/2
e
ad
D. δ/4
Pr
Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
TE
,D
Answer C
r
re
tu
ec
(L
The shape of the bending moment diagram is due to free

re
ho
bending moment and due to moment distribution method
at
R
eep
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
P)
M
TE
,D
Fixed end moment in the horizontal member of the frame
r
re
tu
ec
= 6EIδ/L²
(L

re
ho
at
= 6EIδ/4²
R
ep
e
ad
= 6EIδ/16
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
TE
Answer B
,Dr
re
tu
The structure is symmetrical but loading is antisymmetrical about
ec
(L
midpoint of BC. If a symmetric structure is subjected to an

re
ho
antisymmetric loading, the structural response is antisymmetric.
at
R
Hence θb = -θc and Δ present
eep
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Total degree of static indeterminacy is the sum of internal and external
P)
M
Ds = Dse + Dsi
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
(iii) Rigid jointed plane frame,

re
Ds = (r - 3) + (3C – r’) OR 3m + r – 3j
ho
at
Ds = 6 – 3 + ( 3 × 2 – 0) OR 3 × 11 + 6 – 3 × 10 = 9
R
ep
e
ad
Where,
Pr
m = number of members, j = number of joints

P)
M
TE
Dk = aj – r + r'
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
(3) Rigid jointed plane frame, Dk = 3j – r + r’

re
Dk = 3 × 10 - 6 + 0 = 24
ho
at
(4) Rigid jointed space frame, Dk = 6j – r + r’
R
eep
ad
Where, a = DOF, j = Number of joints

Pr
m = Number of member, r = number of reactions

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
Answer B
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(141 to 150)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Answer C
M
TE
,Dr
The Muller-Breslau principle states:
re
tu
The influence line for a function (reaction, shear, moment) is to
ec
(L

the same scale as the deflected shape of the beam when the
re
ho
beam is acted on by the function.
at
R
ep
e
To draw the deflected shape properly, the ability of the beam to

ad
Pr
resist the applied function must be removed.

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
Answer D
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
P)
M
When the joints of beam are having
TE
,D
lateral displacement the given frame is
r
re
sway frame.
tu
ec
(L

Conditions of non-sway frames:-
re
ho
1. Columns of the frame should be
at
symmetrical R
ep
2. The loading should be symmetrical
e
ad
3. Support of column should be

Pr
symmetrical
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 148) Due to some point load anywhere on a fixed beam,
P)
M
the maximum free bending moment is M. The sum of fixed
TE
,D
end moment is
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. M

re
ho
B. 1.5M
at
C. 2.0M R
eep
D. 3.0M
ad
Pr
Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
Objective Questions
M
TE
(151 to 160)
,Dr
re
tu
ec
(L
Structural

re
ho
at
R
Analysis
ep
e
ad
Pr
Q. 151) A fixed beam of uniform section is carrying a point
P)
load at its mid span. If the moment of inertia of the middle
M
TE
half length is now reduced to half its previous value, then
,Dr
the fixed end moments will
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. Increase
ho
at
B. Decrease
R
ep
C. Remain constant
e
ad
D. Change their directions

Pr
P)
M
TE
Answer A
,Dr
re
Since the moment of inertia of middle half is reduced, so the
tu
ec
redistribution of moment will occur in such a manner that less strong
(L

re
portion is subjected to less moment and more strong portion is subjected
ho
to more moment.
at
R
From this argument, the fixed end moment will increase.
eep
ad
Pr
Q. 152) The maximum bending moment at the left quarter
P)
point of simple beam due to crossing of UDL of shorter
M
TE
than the span in the direction left to right; would occur
,Dr
after the load had just crossed the section by
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. One-fourth of its length
ho
at
B. Half of its length
R
ep
C. Three-fourth of its length
e
ad
D. It’s full length

Pr
Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 153) When a load crosses a through type Pratt truss in
P)
M
the direction left to right, the nature of force in any
TE
,D
diagonal member in the left half of the span would
r
re
tu
ec
(L
A. Change from compression to tension

re
ho
B. Change from tension to compression
at
C. Always be compression R
eep
D. Always be tension
ad
Pr
Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
TE
,D
Answer B
r
re
tu
ec
(L

By giving unit translation in the positive direction of support
re
ho
reaction at Rc, the deformed shape of beam is ILD of Rc
at
R
eep
ad
Pr
Q. 156) The moment at the intermediate support of a two
P)
span continuous beam of 6 m each with simple supports at
M
TE
the ends carrying a udl of 20 kN/m over only the left span
,Dr
is (flexural rigidity is the same for both the spans)
re
tu
ec
(L

re
A. 90 kN.m hogging
ho
at
B. 45 kN.m hogging
R
ep
C. 45 kN.m sagging
e
ad
D. Zero
Pr
Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer D
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)
C. 30 kN.m
B. 20 kN.m
A. 10 kN.m
D. 40 kN.m

Answer B
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
P)
Total degree of static indeterminacy is the sum of internal and external
M
TE
,D
Ds = Dse + Dsi
r
re
tu
ec
(L

re
(iii) Rigid jointed plane frame,
ho
Ds = (r - 3) + (3C – r’) OR 3m + r – 3j – r’
at
R
Ds = 12 – 3 + ( 3 × 2 – (4-1)) OR 3 × 12 + 12 – 3 × 11 – (4-1) = 12
ep
e
(iv) Rigid jointed space frame,Ds = (r – 6) + (6C – r‘) OR 6m + r – 6j - r'

ad
Pr
Where, m = number of members, j = number of joints

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
🙏☺
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Last Part
P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
(161 to 170 END)
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
Structural ep
R
at
e
Analysis
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
TE
,D
Answer D
r
re
tu
ec
(L

Since the diagrams shows a displacement at X-X, so the figuree
re
ho
represents ILD for shear force at section X-X
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

P)
M
TE
,D
Answer A
r
re
tu
ec
(L

Introduce pinned connection at given section and give unit
re
ho
rotation at the section to find the ILD for BM
at
R
ep
e
ad
Pr
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer C
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Answer A
Pr
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 166) Assertion A : The concept strain energy can be
P)
used to analyse a statically indeterminate structure
M
TE
Reason R : There is a direct relationship between strain
,D
energy of a structure and the slopes and deflection caused
r
re
tu
in it.
ec
(L

re
ho
A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
at
R
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
ep
e
C. A is true but R is false

ad
Pr
D. A is false but R is true

Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 167) Assertion A : In the analysis of rigid frames, the
P)
usual practice is to consider the strain energy due to
M
TE
flexure only.
,D
Reason R : The Strain energy due to axial and shear forces
r
re
tu
are usually quite small compared to that of flexure.
ec
(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e

ad
Pr

Pr
Answer A
ad
e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 168) Assertion A : Whether it is maximum BM at a section or
absolute maximum BM, the moving UDL should cover the entire
P)
span of a simple beam if span is less than load length.
M
TE
Reason R : Whether it is maximum BM at a section or absolute
,D
maximum BM, the moving UDL should be divided by the section
r
re
tu
in the same ratio in which the section divides the span, if the
ec
(L
span is greater than load length

re
ho
at
ep
R
e
ad

Pr

Pr
Answer B
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e ep
R
at
ho
re
(L
ec
tu
re
r,D
TE
M
P)

Q. 169) Assertion A : Influence line diagram (ILD) for SF at
P)
the fixed end of a cantilever and SFD due to unit load at
M
TE
the free end are same.
,D
Reason R : ILD for BM at the fixed end of a cantilever and
r
re
tu
BMD due to unit load at the free end are same.
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(L

re
ho
at
R
ep
e

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Answer C
P)
ILD for SF:- Introduce a roller at section, so that it gives freedom to the
M
beam in the vertical direction.
TE
,D
ILD for BM:- Introduce pinned connection at given section and give unit
r
re
rotation at the section to find the ILD for BM
tu
ec
(L

re
ho
at
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P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
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Pr

P)
M
Answer A
TE
,Dr
re
Reaction at right support
tu
ec
RB = Wa/L
(L

re
ho
So shear force on the right
at
for all spans is constant. R
eep
ad
Pr
The End
P)
M
TE
,Dr
re
tu
ec
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re
ho
at
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Objective Questions (01 To 15) : Structural Analysis

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Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

1. For a two dimensional (2D) or plane frame

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

The total number of equilibrium equations = 6

( ΣFx = 0, ΣFy =0, ΣFz 0, ΣMxy = 0, ΣMyz = 0, ΣMzx = 0)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Static indeterminacy Or Degree of redundancy: -

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

(i) Plane frame or 2D frame Dse = r – 3

(ii) Space frame or 3D frame Dse = r - 6

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

j = total number of joints

C = total number of cuts required for open configuration

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

r’ = number of additional equations due to hybrid joints

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Where m is the number of members, r is reaction

components and j is number of joints

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

components and j is number of joints

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Where m is the number of members, r is reaction

components and j is number of joints

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Where m is the number of members, r is reaction

components and j is number of joints

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Pradeep Rathore (Lecturer, DTE MP)

Where m, r and j have their usual meanings

Static indeterminacy Or Degree of redundancy: -