I.

INTRODUCTION
1. World context before, during, and after the COVID-19 epidemic
In the early months of the COVID-19 outbreak, policy analysts hoped for a V-shaped
recovery, whereby the outbreak could be resolved, allowing economic activity to resume
quickly.
But the truth is not easy, the COVID-19 pandemic has exploded and severely impacted
many industries, here are some of the impacts:
 The economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 epidemic is largely due to a decline
in demand when not many consumers buy goods and services. Besides, cutting
human resources is also inevitable.
For example, in the retail sector, the unemployment rate increased because stores had to
close, turning to online sales. This is one reason why economists predict that the COVID-
19 epidemic will lead to a global recession of the size of the "Great Depression".
 The decline in consumer demand caused the aviation and tourism industries to be
severely affected. Millions of people in the travel service industry lost their jobs.
 Other industries are similarly affected, such as the decline in oil demand and auto
production.
 The COVID-19 epidemic has wreaked havoc on the world's education system,
affecting an estimated 1.6 billion students in more than 190 nations across all
continents.
Leading Western analysts are actively discussing the topic and offering not-so-positive
scenarios. The famous American economist Nouriel Roubini said that the current
COVID-19 epidemic will increase the economic and geopolitical crisis. The coronavirus
can bring consequences such as more debt, inequality and social unrest cannot be reduced
and, importantly, unemployment also increases (1). Because there is so much uncertainty,
these shifts will have a significant influence on world life throughout the next decade.
2. The Information Technology Industry's Importance
IT fosters business innovation, which expresses itself in better applications. better data
storage Information is processed more quickly and is disseminated more widely.

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Innovation makes businesses more efficient and innovation adds value, improves quality,
and increases productivity.
 Before the appearance of Coronavirus, IT was one of the essential keys to life
when bringing important benefits and innovations to everyone. As Jorgenson once
said "Despite differences in methodology and data sources, a consensus is building
that the remarkable behavior of IT prices provides the key to the surge in
economic growth." (2)
 Until the Covid epidemic occurred, right in the middle of the Industrial Revolution
4.0, because it was possible to apply information technology achievements to
solve work and serve life instead of having to meet face-to-face, such as working
online, studying and meeting online, doing business online, using e-wallets and
credit cards when replacing payments with cash… Thus, we cannot deny that IT is
playing an increasingly important role on a large scale.
 In the future, we still do not really know the specific development direction of this
industry. However, there have been many predictions about the potential of this
industry as follows: Software will become dominant, open-source applications will
dominate the whole, and the growth of enterprise software companies will
develop. development based on open-source code. This is one of the industries that
is always ahead of the development trend of the times and has unpredictable
changes, so it is still uncertain.
3. Assess the development of the IT industry of the two countries intending to invest
The United States: The U.S is the country that attracts the highest foreign investment in
the world, and is also the country with the world's leading export economy. Technology
4.0 has brought the technical technology industry to a new page. The information
technology industry becomes the spearhead for economic development. The US - the
cradle of thousands of leading technology corporations in the world - is always a
promising land for IT talents. Despite the recent economic volatility, jobs in the IT
industry are continuously forecast to grow stronger than the average for all other
occupations.

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Canada: Canada is now a hub for innovative technology. This includes everything from
blockchain to AI to complete digitization. The Canadian government even implemented
blockchain in their communications. With time and preparation, Canada could be at the
forefront of manufacturing globally. In addition, industry 4.0 has created conditions for
Canadian manufacturers of industrial products. With the desire to ensure a healthy
manufacturing sector and diversify resources, the Canadian manufacturing industry is
applying advanced technology, data analytics, cloud computing, sensors, intelligence
algorithms, and more. to transform their businesses and create value for their own
products and their customers. According to the survey on the application of Industry 4.0
to industrial production, the average level of digitization of Canada's small and medium-
sized companies is estimated to increase from 33% to 72% between 2016 and 2020.
II. BODY 
2.1. Prospects
The United States
At present, the US and China have entered the competitive model, but the confrontation
in military or political aspects is only a short-term confrontation, and it is fundamentally
difficult to achieve decisive results. If there must be winners and losers, then this model
of competition must certainly be based on a long and comprehensive competition. Then
science and technology will be the most important factor in this process.
Members of the US Congress are increasingly introducing more laws, passing legislation
to promote government involvement and lead the development of science and
technology. This trend is especially prominent in influential technology industries such as
artificial intelligence, big data.
Starting from that basis, it can be seen that the liberal path of science and technology
innovation since the 1980s in the US will once again have a change. To compete with
China, the US will not only link up with its allies in many aspects such as politics,
military, and economy, but will also rely on the network of allies to promote science and
technology development.

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How has this changed the political system and foreign policy of the US, what are the
similarities and differences with China, these are issues of concern in the coming time.
Canada
Canada's economic growth is closely linked to the country's competitiveness in the global
digital economy.
This is an area of rapid innovation. The problem is that the government's understanding
of this area is too limited to be able to make effective policies at the central, provincial
and national levels.
Munk University, has launched a five-year research project to improve Canada's position
in the global digital economy.
The project called "Creating Digital Opportunity" mainly focuses on research and
development of Canada's information and communication technology (ITC) industry to
keep up with the pace of global innovation. 
The project explores local firms' access to global production networks and the expansion
conditions of digital companies in five major cities.
How to apply ICT to other sectors of the economy and how to put advanced digital media
to use in "smart communities"
This project also studies Canada's impacts in the global digital economy
2.2 Why invest in the United States?
Investing in the U.S is investing in the growth of your company. Here are some of the top
reasons why investing in the U.S benefits businesses:

World’s Largest Market: The U.S offers the largest consumer market on earth with a
GDP of $20 trillion and 325 million people. Household spending is the highest in the
world, accounting for nearly a third of global household consumption. At the same time,
free trade agreements with 20 other countries provide enhanced access to hundreds of
millions of additional consumers – and the United States continues to work with
companies to increase opportunities for U.S. exporters.

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The U.S has the largest economy in the world by nominal GDP and net assets. The
United States accounts for 23.6% of the global market, leading significantly away from
the 2nd country China with 15.5%. The US ranked 2nd in the 2019 global
competitiveness index ranking of the World Economic Forum. The report compared 141
world economies and measured national competitiveness. Accordingly, 12 pillars were
evaluated based on: Organizations; The infrastructure; Apply ICT; Macroeconomic
stability; Health; Skill; Product market; Labor market; Financial system; Market size;
Dynamic in business; and Ability to innovate. The US was relegated from No. 1 in 2018
to No. 2 in 2019. In 2019, Singapore surpassed the US to rank at No. 1. Notably, other
countries that offer popular investor visa programs ranked much lower than the US: the
UK ranked 9th, Canada ranked 14th and Australia ranked 16th.
The US economy is largely classified as a service economy. The U.S is the world's
largest producer, accounting for one-fifth of the world's output. In the list of the world's
500 largest companies, the United States has 139 companies named, almost twice as
many as any other country. About 60% of global currency reserves are invested in the US
dollar. The US financial market is the largest and most influential market in the world.
The total amount of foreign investment made in the United States is close to 2.4 trillion
USD, and the US investment abroad totals more than 3.3 trillion USD.

In conclusion, the US has an attractive business and investment environment. 

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Profit consumer market: The US is the world's largest consumer market with a GDP of
$20 trillion. In 2017, American households spent more than $13.3 trillion on goods and
services, nearly three times the world's second-highest country's spending and accounting
for more than a quarter. the total global household consumption budget.
The American advantage: Living in the US gives foreign investors exposure to leading
global businesses, often based in the US, including suppliers and consumers. America has
a diverse market unlike any other country in the world. The United States has become a
leader in global trade with some of the busiest seaports and international airports in the
world. On top of that, the US has free trade agreements with 20 countries that make trade
between nations more accessible. The United States has the largest consumer market in
the world, with average household spending five times larger than in Japan.

In conclusion, the US offers great opportunities for investors to live and work in a
dynamic and robust global consumer environment.
A legal system for protection of intellectual property rights:  Anticipation of the United
States and transparent legal system strongly protect intellectual property rights, thereby
driving innovation.
In 2015, 52% of patents granted in the US were of foreign origin. Foreign innovators who
spend time and money developing their ideas through research and development often
register for intellectual property rights provided by the US legal system. Employers can
protect their ideas and technology by registering such as copyrights, trademarks, patents,
and businesses, and by creating nondisclosure agreements and licensing agreements for
Staff.

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The United States is a recognized leader in research and development (R&D), and
registers more international patents than any other country. Today’s innovators are
safeguarded by a robust intellectual property protection framework, while the innovators
of tomorrow are nurtured at leading universities and incubators across the nation.
Companies of all sizes help make innovation in the United States a global enterprise,
benefiting from – and contributing to – a flourishing ecosystem for invention and
inspiration. 
US Nexus means where there's any US involvement or connection, including (without
limitation): (i) any US dollar denominated transaction; (ii) any payment in any currency
that's cleared through the US national economy, including foreign branches folks banks,
and US branches, agency or representative offices or US accounts of non-US financial
institutions; and (iii) any US Person, including US financial institutions, foreign branches
people banks, and US branches, agency or representative offices or US accounts of non-
US financial institutions.

Conclusion: The U.S offers

a wide range of legal protections for foreign entrepreneurs and innovators.
Workforce Talent & Workforce Development Opportunities: The U.S. workforce is
diverse, skilled, innovative and mobile – and U.S. workers are among the most
productive in the world. Looking to the future, the United States has prioritized
collaborative mechanisms with public and private-sector organizations to ensure that the
workforce is able to meet the needs of a 21st century economy.
- Education: With free public K-12 education and one of the most advanced
college and university networks in the world, the education system is the
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 foundation of our competitive and skilled workforce. Over 40% of U.S.
adults have completed a level of education beyond high school,
contributing to the high levels of innovation in businesses and production
lines.
- Vocational Training: By taking advantage of a wide range of flexible
training and education options, U.S. workers equip themselves with the
necessary knowledge and skills that businesses need. Federal, state, and
local governments are working with companies to support job training
programs for skilled workers, including state-of-the-art apprenticeship
programs.
Finding the Right Workforce: The United States isn’t only home to one of the most
productive, talented workforces in the world – it prides itself on workforce development
programs and technological innovations that directly impact labor skill requirements.
This breakout session panel from the 2019 Select USA Investment Summit provides
more information on how employers can identify and recruit the best workers.

 Conclusion: The US has a good workforce and working environment

Abundant Resources: As the third-largest nation by geography, the United States is
home to vast and varied landscapes with abundant natural resources – including
petroleum and natural gas. These diverse regions are connected by an expansive
infrastructure network and services that help companies efficiently produce and move
their products.  

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The United States offers independent, stable, and low-cost energy sources and is home to
some of the largest supplies of petroleum, natural gas and coal in the world. A diverse
array of climates and geographies offer prime opportunities to harness renewable sources
of energy, from wind to biodiesel. Coupled with increased energy efficiency, this diverse
supply of energy not only contributes to U.S. GDP - it is leading to lower greenhouse gas
emissions.
2.3. Why invest in Canada?
Investing in Canada is investing the growth of your company. Here are some of the top
reasons why investing in Canada benefits businesses:
An open business environment: Canada is placed second in the G20 group, according to
Forbes magazine. This is a rating of the countries with the friendliest and most conducive
business environment. 
Canada's GDP increased by barely 1.1 percent in 2016, while per capita income was
around $43,200. In addition, Canada is among the top ten countries with a significant
impact on the global economy, well-functioning equipment, high-quality education, and a
high level of happiness.
Lower cost, lower risk: Political stability, sound banking system, low corruption:
According to the World Economic Forum, Canada's banking system is one of the most
comprehensive and excellent in the world. Canada's banking sector is frequently praised
and recognized around the world. 
From 2007 through 2013, a top independent financial organization named Canada's
banking system the greatest of all countries in the world for six years in a row.  Canadian
banks stand out among the world's banking systems. RBC, a Canadian bank, is ranked
10th among the world's safest banks by Global Finance magazine. Toronto Dominion
Bank, another Canadian bank, was ranked 15th.  In terms of global ATM rates, Canada is
second only to Macau, with around 18,000 ATMs nationally. There are 220.6 ATMs per
100,000 people in Canada. This suggests that the bank's customers will have more
convenience and security. With world-class colleges, a world-class healthcare system,
and pleasant and clean cities, Canada is one of the world's most culturally diverse

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countries. Canada is ranked first in the G7 group of countries in all categories of living
standards and quality of life, according to the OECD's Better Life Index. With all of the
benefits of a free market economy, tax policy, health care, education, and living
conditions are consistently among the best in the world. Canada is an excellent location
for expanding your business globally while also providing the best education and living
conditions for your family and children. Canada has one of the lowest total corporation
tax rates in the G7, and it is 46 percent lower than the US.
Transport infrastructure:
- Airline:
All of Canada's main cities and towns have airports to satisfy people's travel needs. 

Although there are many others, the five busiest airports in terms of yearly passenger
traffic are Toronto Pearson Airport, Vancouver Airport, Calgary Airport, Montreal-Pierre
Elliott Trudeau Airport, and Edmonton Airport (in order). Customers flying domestically
and internationally are served by a number of other airports.
- Rail:
The Canadian rail sector has a vast network that connects Vancouver to Prince Rupert,
British Columbia, on the west coast, and Halifax, Nova Scotia, on the east coast. Train
service is available south of the boundary separating British Columbia and the
Yukon/Northwest Territories. 

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Via Rail allows you to view train schedules, purchase train tickets, and organize your
trip. Purchasing tickets through that website is frequently less expensive than purchasing
them at the ticket desk just before departure.
- In the city, there is a subway line:
The primary subway system is owned by three Canadian cities: Toronto, Montreal, and
Vancouver. These metro systems offer a variety of train lines and are significantly faster
than buses or cars, especially in inclement weather. 
In Montreal, monthly metro tickets cost roughly C$65, while a week pass costs around
C$20. For additional information about metro tickets in Toronto by month, see the metro
travel information page.

- Taking the bus:

Buses are widely regarded as one of the greatest ways to get about a city or across the
nation (particularly when visiting rural towns with limited public transportation) to select
from.

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Conclusion: Abundant natural resources facilitate production and transportation
III. CONCLUSION
 The IT industry is becoming more attractive and evolving every day, but there is
still no guarantee.
 The US and Canada are two countries with great IT potential with outstanding
development, modern tools through 4.0 technology, and the digitization process.
 From the above data and information sources, the investment will have its own
advantages and disadvantages. Requires investors to learn carefully to come up
with an appropriate investment strategy to bring profits and revenue to the
company.
IV. REFERENCES
(1). OCT 19, 2020. INTERVIEW: Nouriel Roubini talks about the future of global
economy post COVID-19. https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/interview-
nouriel-roubini-professor-of-economics-new-york-universitys-stern-school-of-business-
talks-about-the-future-of-global-economy-post-covid-19/articleshow/78746518.cms
(2). ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 35, No. 1, March 2003. Information Technology and
Economic Performance: A Critical Review of the Empirical Evidence.
https://escholarship.org/content/qt4jz33805/qt4jz33805_noSplash_71bd787685041b1a9a
e94eebe5d03cce.pdf?t=q0wrpg

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•https://www.businessinsider.in/business/news/interview-nouriel-roubini-professor-of-
economics-new-york-universitys-stern-school-of-business-talks-about-the-future-of-
global-economy-post-covid-19/articleshow/78746518.cms
•https://www.heritage.org/index/country/unitedstates
https://escholarship.org/content/qt4jz33805/
qt4jz33805_noSplash_71bd787685041b1a9ae94eebe5d03cce.pdf?t=q0wrpg
https://www.nbcnews.com/business/markets/silence-wall-street-new-york-stock-
exchange-prepares-all-electronic-n1166426
https://vtv.vn/kinh-te/xu-huong-tieu-dung-moi-cua-nguoi-my-20210207194739228.htm
https://luatduonggia.vn/quyen-so-huu-tri-tue-la-gi-dac-diem-noi-dung-cua-quyen-so-huu-
tri-tue/
https://vnexpress.net/thoi-cong-nhan-phai-co-bang-dai-hoc-o-my-4024851.html
https://lisbdnet.com/what-is-abundant-natural-resources/
Why Invest: Workforce Talent | SelectUSA.gov
Why Invest in the United States | SelectUSA.gov
https://bleogroups.com/international-service/post-detail/ngan-hang-tai-canada-
1519/vn
http://vncanada.vn/dinh-cu-Canada/tai-sao-nen-chon-dau-tu-canada.html

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