Name: Class; ate Worksheet 14 PT ae Multiple-Choice Quest iS 4. Atelevision station transmits radio waves of frequency 180 MHz. What is the wavelength of these radio waves? A L7m BOLT «Lom © 60x1o!m D 60x1o7m( A) Working/Explanation Given: frequency fof radio waves = 180 > 10° Hz ‘speed vot radio waves = 3.0 x 10* m s* (same as the speed of light) v _ 30x10 Wavelengin 2=-F = Oe 17m 2. Which of the following correctly lists three components of the electromagnetic spectrum in order of increasing wavelength? ‘A Gamma rays, microwaves, visible light B Radio waves, ultraviolet radiation, X-rays © Ultraviolet radiation, infrared radiation, microwaves D Visible light, gamma rays. radio waves Ce) 3. Which statements about the uses of electromagnetic radiation are correct? Microwaves are used for communication. 2 Ultraviolet radiation Is used to sterilise food. 3. Gamma rays are used in cancer treatment. A dand2ony B land3ony © 2and3only D 42and3 (9) Section Bs Stare 4. Figure 14.1 shows the seven colours of visible light, arranged in order of wavelength and frequency. Violet Indigo Blue Green Yellow Orange Red 4 Figure 4. (a) Fill In each empty box in Figure 14.4 with the missing colours. (b) Of the three colours you filed In, which has the (longest wavelength? _Yellow__ (iy highest trequenoy? _lue _ (© 2013 Marshall Cavendish lntanational (Singapore) Private Limited S@AeM oneUseWONDA!y “pT JexdeUD 133{c) Name the possible types of electromagnetic waves that can be used for Radiographic Testing. Xerays and gamma rays {d) State one property of the electromagnetic waves listed in your answer to (¢). Explain how this property makes them suitable for use In Radiographic Testing. ‘The electromagnetic waves are of sufficiently high frequencies and therefore have sufficient energies to penetrate through the metal (e) Describe what the film would look like if the type of radiation used were infrared radiation. Explain your answer. ‘The flim would not darken at all. This is because infrared radiation does not have a sufficiently high frequency to penetrate the metal. Thus, the film would not be exposed to the radiation WORK ON IT! In the table below, circle the question(s) that you have answered Incorrectly. Revisit the relevant section(s) In the textbook to strengthen your understanding of the key concept(s). Question(s) Te ‘Leaming ovjctve muro | siructrea |. FRE | Sectonts) Cholee Reoponse (a) State we properues of 16) 40, electromagnetic waves. - 2a) 2d) aa {@) Describe the main components ofthe Deze ne main conor 12 120 | a@.ae | aa (6) state the aplications of electromagnetic waves. 3 7 4b), 2(0) 142 (a) Describe the effects of absorbing electromagnetic waves. 7 3 Kb), 26) 142 136 Workeheot 14 (© 2013 Marshall Cavendish international (Singapore) Private Limited(c)_ Name the characteristic of electromagnetic waves that helps them to travel from the Sun to the Earth ‘They can travel through vacuum, (a) Explain why electromagnetic and water waves are both classified as transverse waves, ‘The waves travel in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the waves oscillate. Data-Based Question Awelder joins pieces of metal together by melting the parts that touch, and allowing them to soliity together. In the process, some pockets of air may get trapped in the welded portion. These air pockets are not desirable as they behave as internal cracks, weakening the welded metal. Radiographic Testing Is a method used to inspect the welded metal for hidden cracks. It uses high-frequency electromagnetic waves to penetrate the welded metal. The amount of radiation emerging from the opposite side of the welded metal is then detected and measured using a piece of film. In Radiographic Testing, the wavelengths of the types of radiation used fail in the range of less than 10 nm. vow ofnogatne weed “weet eesaney tt wevees tim ngerouene waves zene —> — betcquency — , ware goortor > : a gue 143 Figure 14.3 shows the film developed as a negative. The darker patches on the film have been exposed to a higher amount of radiation. These darker patches Indicate the presence of alr pockets in the welded metal, as the air pockets have allowed a greater amount of radiation to ass through the welded metal. (a) I atype of electromagnetic radiation used in Radiographic Testing has a wavelength of 1 nm, calculate its frequency. Given: wavelength 2= 1 nm= 1% 10-°m speed v= 3.0 10°ms* = fe 1x 10m x10" Hz (b) Before carrying out Radiographic Testing. the welder examines the welded surface for unevenness. If necessary, he grinds the welded surface to obtain a smooth finish. Explain why this step is needed. IT the welded surface is uneven, the resulting diferent depths in the surface would be captured on. the fim as lightand dark patches. The dark patches could be mistaken as trapped air pockets in ‘the metal, 135 (© 2013 Marshall Cavendish lntanational (Singapore) Private Limited2. (a) State two properties of radio waves. Radio waves are transverse waves. They travel at the speed of light (3.0 x 10* ms‘) in vacuum. (b) A radio station broadcasts at a frequency of 88 MHz. What Is the wavelength of the radio waves? Given: frequency fof radio waves ~ 88 x 10° Hz speed rot radio waves = 3.0 » 10 m s+ (same asthe speed of ight) vena v 3.0% 10° _ AF" gaxag 24m 3. People who work in the presence of ionising electromagnetic radiation are required to wear devices callled fm badges. These devices are used to monitor the amount of exposure to fonising radiation. (a) Name two types of radiation that cause ionisation. rays, gamma rays {b) Describe some of the possible harmful effects on the human boay due to prolonged exposure to ionising radiation. lonising radiation can damage human proteins and DNA. Itcan cause abnormal cell division. leading to cancer. A pregnant woman who is exposed to ionising radiation is at risk of giving birth 10.8 deformed baby. Section Pee Co emo y 4. Figure 14.2 shows the main components of the electromagnetic spectrum in ascending order of frequency. Radio waves | Microwaves, A Visible light B X-rays c a Figure 142 (a) What are the names of the missing components A, B and C? ‘A; __Infrared radiation Ultraviolet radiation; Gamma ray {b) State one application for each of the components A, B and C. ‘Agar thermometer B: germicidal lamps for sterilisation in hospitals: canoer treatment 134 Workeheot 14 (© 2013 Marshall Cavendish international (Singapore) Private Limited