AC SINGLE PHASE

Electrical Machines
 Lesson Titles
Define the single-phase motor.
The construction of single-phase motor.
The principle of operation of single-phase motor.
The types of single-phase motors.
Nameplate data of single phase motors
Tests of single phase motors
(Continuity, Ground and Insulation).
 learning
outcome

Upon completion of this lesson, the student should be able to:

Define the Single -phase motor.

Compare the construction of Single -phase motor.
Explain the principle of operation of Single -phase motor.
Classifies the types of Single -phase motors.
Watch the video
 Single phase motor

Definition

A single-phase electric motor is an electrical device that converts AC

electrical energy into mechanical energy
 Activity (1)

1-The name of the figure shown

Single phase motor
……………………………………………………………………

2- What is the benefit of the figure shown?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
An electrical motor is a device used to convert electrical energy to mechanical energy
Shapes of single phase motors
 Construction of single phase motor

Stator contain the stator

Winding(running and starting)
Running (main) winding =2/3 slots 1
1- produce main magnetic field
2- The running winding is
a low resistance
Starting winding= 1/3 slots
1- Running (Main)
1- produce Auxiliary
magnetic field to starting 2
2- Starting (Auxiliary)
torque & reduce the starting
current
2- The starting winding is
a higher resistance
Construction of single phase motor
Construction of single phase motor
 Watch the video

Prepared by/ Amir farouk

 Principle of Operation

Øs
Øm
L

Ør
N Torque
 Principle of Operation

When the motor is connected to the AC SUPPLY, the

current passes through the main windings and the
start winding, creates a magnetic field rotating at an
angle of 90 degrees that cuts the bars of rotor , and a
magnetic field is created. The sum of the two fields
acts on the rotation of the motor
 Activity (2)

Put True(√)or False(x) in front of following sentences:

1- The Stator contain the winding running and starting ( √ )
2- Centrifugal Switch Disconnected the starting winding after the rotor has
65% speed ( X )

3- The starting winding is high resistance ( √ )

4- The running winding is a low resistance ( √ )

5- The Rotor shaft contain the winding running and starting ( X )

<

=
Example (1) : 50 Hz, 4 poles. Find the speed in rpm.

120 x 50 6000
Ns = = = 1500rpm
4 4

2- What will happen to the speed of a motor if the number of poles is

increased?
The Speed is decreasing
 Types of 1ph motors

1) Split phase motor

2) Capacitor start motor
3) Capacitor run motor
4) Capacitor start Capacitor run motor
5) Shaded pole motor
6) Repulsion motor
7) universal motor
 Types of Single Phase Induction Motor

1- Split phase motor Motor circuit

 Applications of Split phase motor

Clothes Dryer Blower Washing Machine

 Types of Single Phase Induction Motor

2-Capacitor start motor Motor circuit

 Application of Capacitor start motor

Air conditioner Drilling Machine Refrigerator

 Types of Single Phase Induction Motor

3-Capacitor run motor Motor circuit

 Applications of Capacitor run motor
Water Pump Exhaust Fan Fan
 Types of Single Phase Induction Motor

4-Capacitor start- capacitor run Motor circuit

motor
 Applications of Capacitor start- capacitor run motor

Air compressor conveyor Wood lathe

 Types of Single Phase Induction Motor

5-Shaded pole motor Motor circuit

 Applications of Shaded pole motor
Small Exhaust Fan Small blowers
 Types of Single Phase Induction Motor

6-Repulsion motor Motor Circuit

 Applications of Repulsion motor

Large pump Printing press lifts

Reveres of single phase Repulsion motor
 Types of Single Phase Induction Motor

7-Universal Motor Motor Circuit

 Applications of Universal Motor
Vacuum cleaner Hand Drill Hair dryer
 Activity (3)

Match 1 , 2 , 3 Part Name

1 A Capacitor Start motor

2 B Split Phase motor

3 C Capacitor Start – Capacitor

run motor
 Activity (4)

Name the machines shown below?

1 A Capacitor Start motor

2 B Split Phase motor

Capacitor Start –
C
3 Capacitor run motor
 Activity (5)

Name the machines shown below?

 Summery of single phase motors

Type of Applications
Torque notes
Motors

1- clothes dryer 1- Medium efficiency

Split phase
Low
motor 2- blower 2- Medium cost

Capacitor 1- Air conditioner 1- High efficiency

start High 2- Refrigerator 2- High cost

1- Water pump 1- Medium efficiency

Capacitor
run Low 2- Low cost
2- Ceiling fan

1- Air compressor 1- High efficiency

Capacitor
start/run High 2- Wood lathe 2- High cost
 Summery of single phase motors

Type of Applications
Torque notes
Motors

1- Lift 1- High efficiency

Repulsion
motor High 2- High cost
2- Large pump

Universal 1- Vacuum cleaner 1- High efficiency

motor High 2- Hand drill 2- Medium cost

1- Exit fan 1- Medium efficiency

Shaded pole
motor Low 2- Low cost
2- Small blower
The nameplate of single phase motors
 The nameplate of single phase motors

1-Serial Number 2-Number of poles 3-running

current
4-starting
5-Voltage Rating 6- RPM
current

7-IP SAFETY 8-Power Rating 9- DUTY

10-Weight (Total) 11-Temperature 12-Types

13-Company 14-Insulation 15- MOD

 ACTIVITY (4)
From the name plate shown, write the table shown.
 Tests (Continuity, Ground and Insulation)
of single phase motors.

Some of the basic tests on the single phase motors are:

1-Testing windings continuity

2-Testing windings ground fault

3-Testing windings insulation

 1.Testing windings continuity
Apparatus

1- SPLIT PHASE MOTOR

2- Multi-meter (or Ohmmeter)
3- Connecting leads
4- Electrician’s tool box

Procedure

1-Get all the apparatus listed above. Make sure you are wearing the
required PPE during all the time.
2-Use a multi-meter set to Ohm range for this test.
3- Test the continuity of the starting and main windings.
4-Record your readings on table.
1-Test of auxiliary winding

12

12Ω
1-Test of running winding

0Ω Short
 2.Testing windings ground fault
Apparatus

1- Single phase MOTOR

2- Connecting leads
3- Digital insulation tester( megger)
4- Electrician’s tool box

Procedure

1-Get all the apparatus listed above. Make sure you are wearing the required PPE during all the time.
2-Use Digital insulation tester.

3-Test the ground fault of the Starting coil and ground point of motor.

4-Test the ground fault of the running coil and ground point of motor.
(The insulation value should not be less than 1 Mega Ohm).

5-Record your readings on table.

 2.Testing windings ground fault
Megger device is used in (ground fault) test.

0
∞

∞ Not ground

0ῼ Grounded
 3.Testing windings insulation fault
Apparatus

1- Single phase MOTOR

2- Multi-meter (or Ohmmeter)
3- Connecting leads
4- Digital insulation tester( megger)
5- Electrician’s tool box

Procedure

1-Get all the apparatus listed above. Make sure you are wearing the required PPE during all the time.

2-Use Digital insulation tester.

3-Test the insulation fault of the starting winding and running winding of MOTOR.
(The insulation value should not be less than 1 Mega Ohm).

4-Record your readings on table.

 3.Testing windings insulation test
Megger device is used in (insulation) test.

Good
∞ insulation
 Capacitor capacitance test
Capacitance measuring device. (Farad test)

40μϝ

40μϝ Good