Csec Industrial Technology: Building and Furniture Technology

Caribbean Examinations Council
CSEC®
Industrial
Technology
Building and Furniture
Technology
D.S.S
CSEC® PAST PAPERS

TEST CODE 01309020
FORM 2007051 MAY/JUNE 2007
CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL
SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE
EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I - WOODS
Paper 02- Technical Proficiency
2_l_hours
2
( 18 MAY 2007 (p.m.) )
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
1. This paper consists of THREE sections. Candidates MUST answer FIVE questions.
SECTION A: You must answer the COMPULSORY question from this section.
SECTION B: You must answer THREE questions from this section.
SECTION C: You must answer ONE question from this section.
2. In addition to the 2fhours, candidates are allowed 10 minutes to read through the paper. Writing
MAY begin during the 10-minute period.
3. Use sketches when necessary to support your answers.
4. Silent electronic calculators may be used.
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Copyright© 2005 Caribbean Examinations Council®.

All rights reserved.
01309020/2007
-2 -
This paper is divided into THREE sections- A, B and C . You M UST answer the question from
Section A, THREE questions from Section B and ONE question from Section C.
This paper uses metric dimensions only. You should work your a nswers in the metric system.
SECTION A
You are allowed to use freehand or rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which is based
on MODULE C7 of the syllabus - Drawing and Design. This question is worth 40 m a rks.
You are advised not to spend more than 50 minutes on this question.
1. Figure 1 shows a pictorial sketch of a home workshop bench. Use it only as a guide to answer
the following q uestions.
APRON
WORKSHOP BENCH
Figure 1
(a) (i) Design a workbench about 1350 nun long to accommodate TWO persons
working on either side in a school workshop. Make a pictorial sketch of your
design.
(i i) Add FOUR mai n dimensions to the sketch.
(iii) Sketch an end elevation of the bench. Add TWO dimensions.

(20marks)
(b) Make exploded sketches to show the following details:
(i) Joint used to secure leg to rails
(ii) Joint used to secure apron to leg
(iii) A method of securing the top to the under frame (20 marks)
Total 40 marks
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

01309020/2007
- 3-
SECTIONB
You are required to answer any THREE questions from this section. EACH question is worth
20 marks.
2. (a) (i) Sketch THREE seasoning defects and TWO growth defects.
(ii) Name the type of defect shown in EACH sketch done at (i) above.
(10 marks)
(b) (i) List THREE advantages of natural seasoning.
(ii) List FOUR advantages and THREE disadvantages of kiln seasoning.

(10 marks)
Total 20 marks
3. (a) Name FOUR ingredients that are used to make oil paint. (4 marks)
(b) (i) Explain EACH of the following finishing processes:
a) Sanding
b) Filling
c) Staining
(ii) State ONE reason why EACH finishing process in (b) (i) above is necessary.
(6 marks)
(c) Describe the steps of procedure for finishing ONE of the following projects, from the
preparation of surfaces to the finished coat. Both projects are to be varnished.
EITHER
(i) A project made from pine, to be finished in its natural shade.
OR
(ii) A project made from pine, to be finished in a mahogany shade.

(6 marks)
(d) (i) Name TWO finishes that are most suitable for external use.
(ii) State ONE reason why EACH finish named is suitable for external use.
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01 309020/2007
-4-
4. (a) (i) Name the bit MOST suitable for producing EACH of the following types of
holes:
a) Dowel hole
b) Flat-bottomed hole
c) Hole for a countersunk head screw
d) Hole through thin timber
e) Straight deep hole (5 marks)
(ii) Narne the type of plane for producing EACH of the following special features
in timber:
a) Rebate
b) Tongues
c) Grooves
d) Chamfer of long stock
e) Mouldings (5 marks)
(b) (i) Explain, with the aid of sketches, the steps of procedure in restoring the
'chipped' edge of a smoothing plane cutting iron. (6 marks)
(ii) Indicate, by the use of sketches, how using the oilstone to sharpen cutting
blades requires TWO processes in order to prevent unevenness of the surface.
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/2007
-5-
5. (a) List THREE safety rules that should be observed when using the wood-turning lathe.
(3 marks)
(b) Figure 2 below shows a wood-turning lathe with numbered parts. In your answer
booklet, list the numbers I, II, ill, IV, V, VI and VII. Next to EACH number, write the
name of the corresponding part on the lathe. (7 marks)
Figure 2
(c) Describe briefly, the procedure for turning a 250 mm diameter bread board from solid
stock 260 mm x 260 mm x 31 mm on a wood-turning lathe. (5 marks)
(d) The piece of stock shown in Figure 3 (B) is mounted in the lathe shown in Figure 3 (A).
The desired end product is shown at (C).
B C
Figure 3
(i) List, in sequence, the MAJOR cutting operations through which the work
should progress.
(ii) Name the tools to be used at EACH stage listed in (i). (5 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/2007
- 6-
6. (a) (i) Name FIVE types of hinges.
(ii) State where EACH type of hinge named at (i) is used. (lOmarks)
(b) Figure 4 below shows a free-standing kitchen cupboard with four drawers and a door.
Figure 4
(i) Describe the layout process of locating the drawer-knob holes indicated by
+on the drawer fronts. Sketches may be used . (5 marks)
(ii) Describe the installation process of ONE knob in the drawer and name TWO
tools used. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/2007
- 7-
SECTIONC
You are required to answer ONE question from this section. EACH question is worth 20 marks.
7. An upholstered stool with an attractively piped border along the bottom edges of the rails is
shown in Figure 5 below.
Figure 5
(a) Name THREE upholstery materials and THREE tools which may be used for upholster-
ing the seat. (6 marks)
(b) State TWO different methods of supporting the loose seat in the stool.
(4 marks)
(c) Make a sectional, labelled sketch of a portion of the stool to show the arrangement of
the upholstery material from the rails upward. (6 marks)
(d) List the operations involved, including the piping at the base, in covering the seat.
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/2007
.. . . .
- 8-
8. (a) Explain, with the aid of sketches, the difference between a framed carcase and a solid
end carcase. (10 marks)
(b) Figure 6 below shows the outline of ONE corner of a rebated cabinet door.
X
A
II Glass
Figure 6
(i) Make exploded sketches to show the joint which is to be used between parts A
and B. (7 marks)
(ii) Make a labelled cross-sectional sketch X -X to show the arrangement to keep

the glass in place. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks
9. (a) (i) List ONE advantage and THREE disadvantages of sliding cabinet doors.
(4 marks)
(ii) Name a suitable material for the construction of EACH of the following items
of household furniture.
a) Panel door
b) Flush door
c) Stool
d) Drawer bottom (4 marks)
(iii) Name TWO common methods of producing curved wooden members.

(2 marks)
(b) Sketch TWO methods of

(i) securing fixed shelves
(ii) supporting adjustable shelves in cabinets. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/2007
TEST CODE 01308020
FORM TP2007054 MAY/JUNE2007
EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION II - CONSTRUCTION
Paper 02 - Technical Proficiency
2l....hours
2
( 18 MAY 2007 (p.m.) )
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
1. This paper consists of THREE sections. Candidates MUST answer FIVE questions.
SECTION C: You must answer ONE question from thi s section.
2. In addition to the 2-±-hours, candidates are allowed 10 minutes to read through the paper. Writing
MAY begin during the 10-rninute period.
3. Use sketches when necessary to support your answers.
Copyright © 2005 Caribbean Examinations Council ®.

01308020/2007
-2-
NOTHING HAS BEEN OMITTED.

01308020/2007
-3-
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY- CONSTRUCTION
Candidates should refer to the following list of formulae for assistance when answering questions.
List of Formulae
-v a + b + OVERHANG
2 2
2R + 1T (2R + 1G) = 550 mm - 700 mm
Rise = Pitch
Span
Pitch x Span = Rise
Area of wall = No. of blocks

Area of block
% Moisture Content = Wet weight - Dry weight x 100

Dry weight
Joint sizing Span in mm + 50 mm = Depth in mm

24

01 308020/2007
-4-
This paper is divided into THREE sections- A, B and C. You MUST answer the question from
This paper contains metric dimensions only. You should work your answers in the metric system.
SECTION A
You are allowed to use freehand or rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which is based
on MODULE DS to D9 of the syllabus- Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and Stairs. This
question is worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 below shows the plan of an upper floor of a building that is to be constructed of timber
and has a stairwell incorporated into it. The exterior walls are built of 150 mm hollow concrete
blocks plastered on both sides. The common joists are 250 mm x 50 mrn and are placed at 400
mm centres. The window is of the wooden casement type with four panes of glass and is 1200
mrn high x 900 mm wide. (Note: All other dimensions must be in keeping with good building
practices.) The drawing is NOT to scale.
5000 mm
150 mfu""'t..l 1700 mm 1680 mm

wALL .,
"-"- ~ ~ ~ "-"- ~ ~
r-0
~
"" "" ~ "" "" "' ~ ~
~
0
e
e
~
0
Q\
~
~ ~
~ STAIRWELL ~ §
~ ~ ...,.
0
r<"l
r<"l
~
A
~
A
E
E j
~
~ ~ 0...,.
N
,.....
~ - - - - ~ -
~ s- ~
~~~~~~ "-"- ~ "-"- ~ "-"- "\
B-
1700 mm 900mm
J. .J
FLOOR PLAN
Figure 1

01308020/2007
-5-
(a) (i) Use neat, rule-assisted sketches to show the plan of the floor complete with
joists ready to receive the floor boarding.
N.B. You are NOT required to show the staircase and floor boarding.
(ii) Show FOUR main dimensions and label FIVE parts.

(20 marks)
(b) (i) Sketch a labelled vertical section of the wall and THREE joists at A - A, as
indicated on the plan, to show a method of strutting. Details of ceiling are NOT
required.
(ii) Name the method of strutting in (b) (i). Give a brief explanation for its use in
timber floor construction. (10 marks)
(c) Sketch a labelled vertical section through the casement window and frame atB- B, as
indicated on the plan. (10 marks)
Total 40 marks
SECTIONB
20 marks.
2. (a) List FIVE factors affecting the choice of a building site. (5 marks)
(b) State FIVE reasons for hoarding a building site and write brief explanatory notes for
each reason given. (10 marks)
(c) Name, in relation to a building site,
(i) TWO temporary shelters
(ii) THREE temporary services. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks
3. (a) List THREE characteristics of course aggregates used for making concrete.
(3marks)
(b) (i) List FOUR properties of plastics.
(ii) Identify THREE uses of plastics in building construction. (7 marks)
(c) Explain briefly, EACH of the following as it relates to timber.
(i) Conversion
(ii) Seasoning
(iii) Dry rot
(iv) Preservation of timber
(v) Manufactured boards (10marks)
Total 20 marks
01308020/2007
- 6-
4. (a) State THREE functions of foundations . (3 marks)
(b) Explain TWO methods of excavation and name the tools or equipment required for
EACH method. (4 marks)
(c) State THREE functions of walls in building construction. (3 marks)
(d) Use sketches to illustrate EACH of the following types of foundations.
(i) Strip
(ii) Pad
(iii) Stepped
(iv) Pile
(v) Raft (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
5. (a) (i) Sketch an elevation of a fink ('w') roof truss. Show how the joints are
connected.
(ii) Name THREE members of a roof truss. (10 marks)
(b) List FIVE different types of roof coverings. (5 marks)
(c) (i) List TWO types of ceilings. (2 marks)
(ii) State THREE functions of ceilings. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks
6. (a) A straight flight staircase has a total rise of2.22 m. The height of EACH riser is 185
mm and the dimension of the tread is 220 mm. Calculate the following:
(i) Total number of risers
(ii) Total number of treads
(iii) Total going I run (6 marks)
(b) Use a labelled line diagram to illustrate how Head Room is measured.
(4 marks)
(c) A new timber staircase is to be painted.

(i) Name the type of paint most suitable for the job.
(ii) List FOUR steps required to complete the painting job. (5 marks)
(d) List FIVE floor finishes. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/2007
-7-
SECTIONC
7. (a) Use labelled sketches and brief notes to explain the difference in operation between
a separate drainage system and a combined system of drainage.
(lOmarks)
(b) Use labelled sketches to illustrate EACH of the following:
(i) Septic tank
(ii) Soak away (tO marks)
Total 20 marks
8. (a) Describe the responsibilities of EACH of the following members of the building team:
(i) Client
(ii) Architect
(iii) Contractor
(iv) Engineer
(v) Quantity surveyor (lOmarks)
(b) (i) List FIVE building trades.
(ii) Explain briefly the function of EACH building trade on a building site.
(lOmarks)
Total 20 marks
9. (a) List FIVE building features from EACH of the following countries that have
influenced building design in the Caribbean.
(i) England
(ii) United States of America (10 marks)
(b) Briefly explain FIVE factors which influence the design of a building.
(lOmarks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/2007
TEST CODE 01309020
FORM TP 2008046 MAY/JUNE 2008
EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I - WOODS
2 ~ hours
( 16 MAY 2008 (p.m.) )
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
1. This paper consists of THREE sections. You MUST answer FIVE questions.
2. In addition to the 2~ hours, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper. Writing MAY begin
during the 10-minute period.
3. Use sketches where necessary to support your answers.
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
Copyright © 2007 Caribbean Examinations Council®.

01309020/F 2008
- 2 -
This paper is divided into THREE sections - A, B and C. You MUST answer the question from
SECTION A
You are allowed to use free hand sketches, OR rule-assisted sketches to answer this question,
which is based on MODULE C7 of the syllabus -Drawing and Design. This question is worth
40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the front and end elevations of a bedside cupboard.
Part A
PartB
I
FRONT ELEVATION END ELEVATION
Figure 1
Part A is to be designed to contain a drawer with a plain face, which fits flush with the face of the
cupboard. Part B is to be enclosed by a single panel door which also fits flush with the face of
the cupboard. The base, drawer face, panel door and top are of solid timber 19 mm thick. The
top should be fitted flush with the back and should overhang 35 mm at the front and at each side.
You are asked to carry out the following tasks:
(a) (i) Produce an isometric sketch to show all the features as required.
(Proportioning is of utmost importance.) (10 marks)
(ii) Add FIVE important dimensions to the isometric sketch. ( 5 marks)
(b) Make a vertical sectional sketch through the cupboard to show details of the drawer and
the door. (Show how the panel is fitted in the door frame.) (10 marks)
(c) Make a labelled exploded sketch of the following:
(i) the joint used to attach the side and the shelf in Part B
(ii) the joint used to attach the front and side of the drawer. (10 marks)
(d) Show by means of an exploded sketch how the top is attached to the underframe.
( 5 marks)
Total 40 marks
0 1309020/F 2008
- 3 -
SECTIONB
20 marks.
2. (a) Name ONE operation for which EACH of the following bits would be most suitable:
(i) Auger bit
(ii) Forstner bit ( 2 marks)
(b ) Figure 2 shows the tip of an auger bit. Name any THREE of the parts A, B C and D.
( 3 marks)
Figure 2
(c) Figure 3 shows five measuring tools.
Figure 3
(i) Name the measuring tools shown in Figure 3. ( 5marks)
(ii) Illustrate, by means of a sketch, a technique used by woodworkers to divide a

board into equal strips across its width. ( 5 marks)
(d) Show by labelled sketches how to bore holes for countersunk screws when joining
together two pieces of hardwood.
( 5 marks)
Total20 marks

01309020/F 2008
- 4 -
3. (a) N arne TWO wood boring insects. ( 2 marks)
(b) List THREE wood preservatives. ( 3 marks)
(c) Explain what should be done to preserve the wood in EACH of the following circum-
stances from insect/termite attack:
(i) A new pine desk .
(ii) Wood that is stored for future building (10 marks)
(d) List the FIVE safety precautions that you would take and the equipment that you would
use to protect yourself from the health hazards when applying wood preservatives.
( 5 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) List FOUR factors that are considered when selecting a finish for a wooden article.
( 4marks)
(b) List THREE types of clear finishes and state where you would use EACH one.
( 6marks)
(c) Outline the steps that are required to finish a chair so that the natural beauty of this wood
is highlighted. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
5. (a) Sketch a skew chisel and a turning gouge and indicate the sharpening angle on the skew
chisel. ( 3 marks)
(b) Explain, with the aid of sketches, how stock is prepared for:
(i) Turning between centres
(ii) Face-plate turning (10 marks)
(c) (i) Explain the term 'built-up stock' .
(ii) Sketch TWO examples of built-up stock that are suitable for making a bowl and
a turned, table lamp. ( 7 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2008
- 5 -
6. Figure 4 shows a side view of a surface planer or jointer.
X z
Figure 4
(a) Name EACH of the parts X, Y and Z. ( 3 marks)
(b) (i) List FOUR factors which determine the smoothness of a planed surface on the
jointer. ( 4 marks)
(ii) Explain, with the aid of sketches, the cutting of a 6 mrn deep by 15 mrn wide rebate
on the jointer. ( 4 marks)
(c) Explain briefly, the position of a worker's hands in relation to the surface planer or jointer
when
(i) starting a cut
(ii) halfway through the cut
(iii) completing the cut. ( 6 marks)
(d) List THREE causes of kick-back when using the jointer. ( 3 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2008
- 6 -
SECTIONC
7. (a) List ONE tool for EACH of the following functions in upholstery:
(i) Measuring materials

(ii) Cutting materials
(iii) Fastening materials
(iv) Sewing/stitching materials
(v) Tensioning webbing (5 marks)
(b) Use sketches to show the difference between the following
(i) A seat with webbing
(ii) A solid seat (10 marks)
(c) (i) Under what circumstance should removable slip-covers be used?
(ii) What provision should be made to remove and replace in fill material?
( 5 marks)
Total 20 marks
8. Figure 5 shows a small panel door. The frame is 19 mm thick and is grooved to take a plywood
panel.
I '/ ( )
I I II';
Figure 5
(a) State the most appropriate joint that should be used at EACH corner of the door.
( 2marks)
(b) Make a labelled isometric sketch of EACH of the following before cutting the joint:
(i) The setting out of a rail
(ii) The setting out of a stile (10 marks)
(c) Make a pictorial sketch of that part to be cut at the end of ONE rail. ( 8 marks)
Total20 marks

01 309020/F 2008
- 7 -
9. A six-panel door, measuring 900 mm x 2000 mm x 44 mm, is to be built from mahogany. EACH
panel is to be raised on the outside only.
(a) Make a pictorial sketch of the assembled door and show ALL the features.
(10 marks)
(b) (i) Make a sketch of the arrangement which holds the panel(s) in place.
( 4 marks)
(ii) Make an exploded sketch of ONE comer joint on the door. Name the joint.
( 6marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/F 2008
TEST CODE 01308020
EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
2 ~ hours
( 16 MAY 2008 (p.m.) )
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
2. In addition to the 2-i hours, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper. Writing MAY begin

01308020/F 2008
- 2 -
NOTHING HAS BEEN OMITTED

01308020/F 2008
- 3 -
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY CONSTRUCTION
LIST OF FORMULAE
Candidates should refer to the following list of formulae for assistance in answering questions.
ROOF CALCULATIONS
TRUE LENGTH OF COMMON RAFrER WITH OVERHANG
Overhang= Rise/Run = X/overhang

Value of X = (Rise x Overhang) I Run
Value of X + Original Rise = Total Rise
Run+ Given Overhang = Total Run
Rise
• =Pitch
Span
• Pitch x Span = Rise
(Pythagoras' Theorem)
• True Length of Rafter= ...J Total Rise2 +Total Run 2
STAIR DESIGN CALCULATIONS
Formula for calculating tread and riser dimensions
• 2R + T QR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 nun
Where R = rise G = going and T = tread
CONCRETE BLOCK WALL CALCULATIONS
• Area of wall = No. of blocks

Area of block
MOISTURE CONTENT OF TIMBER
• %Moisture Content = Wet Weight - Dry Weight x 100

Dry Weight
DEPTH OF FLOOR JOIST
Span in mm + 50 mm = Depth in (mm)

24

01308020/F 2008
- 4 - .
This paper is divided into THREE sections- A, Band C. You MUST answer the question from
SECTION A
You are allowed to use free hand sketches or rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which
is based on MODULES D5 TO D9 of the syllabus -Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and
Stairs. ALL sketches should be done to proportion. This question is worth 40 marks.
Figure 1 below shows the floor plan of a small building that is constructed with 150 mm hollow concrete
block walls. The dimensions are as indicated on the plan. The floor is 100 mm thick, reinforced concrete
slab on grade. The building is covered with a hip roof with a rise 1.4 m and the rafters are placed at 400
mm centres. The overhang is 300 rnm all around. The sizes of the members are as follows.
Rafters 50 mm x 150 mm
Fascia 25 mm x 250 mm
Wall plate 50 mm x 100 mm. Bolted to the ring/belt beam
which is 150 mm wide x 250 mm deep
(NOTE: The eave is not boxed and the roof is covered with corrugated (zinc) galvanized sheets.
~ 5200mm I
J ______ ~~_m~__ · I~ m'l'lpoo mm:
----.--
''
''
''
' ' >----...J
/ I
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
c~~;;n~:r----- -t;A~ i
Hip roof ENTRANCE
Figure 1. Floor Plan

0 1308020/F 2008
- 5 -
1. (a) Produce a neat, well proportioned two-dimensional sketch of the plan of the roof portion
outlined in Figure 1, to show the correct arrangement of the roof members. Label FIVE
parts of the roof. (20 marks)
(b) Make a neat labelled sketch of the vertical section at A-A on the plan to show details of
(i) the reinforced concrete slab floor on grade, foundation details not required .
. .
(ii) the correct method of fixing the rafter to the wall plate to ensure proper load
distribution. (12 marks)
(c) Name FOUR different types of roof covering materials. ( 4 marks)
(d) State FOUR advantages of using roof trusses when compared to the traditional method
of roofing. ( 4 marks)
Total 40 marks
SECTIONB
20 marks.
2. (a) State THREE reasons for stripping a building site. ( 3 marks)
(b) (i) State FOUR temporary services a well-managed building site should provide.
(ii) Explain the purpose of ANY THREE of the temporary services stated in (b) (i)
above. ( 7 marks)
(c) With the aid of labelled sketches explain the following:
(i) How corner profile boards are positioned when setting out a small building.
( 6 marks)
(ii) TWO methods of ensuring that the corners of a small building are at 90 degrees.
( 4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2008
- 6 -
3. (a) State FIVE uses of plastics in building construction. ( Smarks)
(b) (i) Sketch a cross section of a tree trunk and show the following:
a) Bark
b) Cambium
c) Growth ring
d) Heart wood
e) Sap wood
f) Pith ( 8marks)
(ii) Use a neat sketch to illustrate through and through (or slab) sawing as it relates
to timber conversion. ( 2marks)
(c) State 11IREE characteristics of course aggregates used in concrete. ( 3 marks)
(d) Define the term 'proportioning' or 'batching' as it relates to concrete. ( 2 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) State THREE functions of external walls of a building. ( 3 marks)
(b) (i) State THREE different types of brick bonds.
(ii) Sketch TWO of the brick bonds stated in (b) (i) above . ( 7 marks)
(c) Name and sketch ONE foundation for each of the soil types given:
(i) made-up (dumped-up) ground
(ii) low-bearing capacity soil
(iii) firm soil good load-bearing capacity (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
5. (a) State FOUR functions of windows. ( 4 marks)
(b) Make single line sketches of EACH of the following:
(i) louvre window
(ii) casement window
(iii) awning window ( 6 marks)

01308020/F 2008
- 7 -
(c) Figure 2 shows three doors labelled A, B and C.
r- r-
,__
'=
r- r-
~ - ~
.. ~
r-
~
r-
.._
(\ ~
A B c
Figure 2
(i) Name EACH of the doors labelled A, Band C in Figure 2.
(ii) Make a neat labelled sketch of Section X-X of Door C.

(10 marks)
Total 20 m arks
6. (a) A stair has a total rise of 2.6 m, using 200 mm as the height of the risers and 250 mm as
the width of the treads, find the following:
(i) Total number of risers in the staircase.

(ii) Total number of treads in the staircase.
(iii) Total going of the staircase.

( 3 ma rks)
(b) Sketch a labelled vertical section through a staircase with a housed string to show how
the riser and tread are connected to the string and each other. ( 7 ma rks)
(c) A new pitch pine staircase is to be finished with lacquer. List the following:
(i) FIVE steps in sequential order needed for preparing the surfaces. ( S marks)
.. (ii) TWO methods used to apply lacquer. ( 2 m arks)
(iii) THREE steps required for the achievement of a high quality finish following the
preparation of surfaces in (c) (i). ( 3 m arks)
T otal 20 m ar ks

0 1308020/F 2008
- 8 -
SECTIONC
7. (a) Use neat labelled sketches to illustrate the fo11owing:
(i) septic tank
(ii) cesspool (10 marks)

' 0
(b) Briefly describe the operation of EACH of the following in terms of cost, advantages,
disadvantages and, maintenance .
(i) Combined system of drainage
(ii) Separate drainage system (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
8. (a) List FOUR members of the building team and briefly explain the responsibility of any
THREE on a building site. (10 marks)
(b) State TWO jobs carried out on a building site by EACH of the following members of the
building trade.
(i) Carpenter
(ii) Electrician
(iii) Mason
(iv) Painter
(v) Plumber (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
9. (a) Explain briefly, FIVE factors which influence the design of buildings.
(10 marks)
(b) (i) List FIVE architectural features and/or building materials that show a British ..
influence in the Caribbean. ( 5 marks)
(ii) List FIVE architectural features and/or building materials that show an American
influence in the Caribbean. ( 5 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2008
- 2 -
SECTION A
You are allowed to use freehand sketches, OR rule-assisted sketches to answer this question,
which is based on MODULE C7 of the syllabus -Drawing and Design. This question is worth
40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the carcase of a bedside cabinet built of 19 mm plywood with the top omitted.
The lower portion is to be enclosed with a raised panel door and a plain face drawer in the upper
compartment. The door and drawer must fit flush with the front of the cabinet. The base, drawer
face, panel door, and top are of solid timber 19 mm thick. The top should be fitted flush with the
back and should overhang 35 mm at the front and at each side. The overall size of the cabinet
is 410 mm high, 400 mm deep and 450 mm wide.
/-ifl.-j....j}!;:L--t-- Plywood
back 6 mm
Figure 1
(a) Sketch a front elevation of the completed design. (10 marks)
(b) Include FIVE main dimensions on the drawing at (a) above. ( 5 marks)
(c) Sketch a section X -X through the completed vertical plane. (10 marks)
(d) Make an exploded sketch of EACH of the joints at A and B.

Label each sketch. (10 marks)
(e) Show by means of an exploded sketch how the top is attached to the underframe.
( 5 marks)
Total 40 marks

01309020/F 2009
- 3 -
SECTIONB
20 marks.
2. Figure 2 represents various types of ironmongery.
r:==Thn
u p Q R
s T
Figure 2
(a) In your answer booklet, write the letters P, Q, R, SandT and next to EACH letter
write the name of the respective fixture. ( 5 marks)
(b) State the function for each of the fixtures identified in (a) above. ( 5 marks)
(c) Explain, with the aid of sketches, how to fit a pair of butt hinges to a box lid so that both
the box and the lid are flush with the surface. (10 marks)
Total20 marks

01309020/F 2009
- 4 -
3. Figure 3 shows drawings of FOUR decorative features.
B
A
c D
Figure 3
(a) In your answer booklet, write the letters A, B, C and D and next to EACH letter write the
name of the decorative feature indicated. ( 4 marks)
(b) List FIVE steps that you would follow to layout and cut the shapes A and C respectively.
(10 marks)
(c) Name the planes that should be used to produce each of the surfaces marked A, B, C and
D. ( 6 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) Name THREE finishes which can be applied to indoor furniture. ( 3marks)
(b) List in sequence SEVEN steps involved in preparing and applying a transparent finish to
a hardwood table top. ( 7mar ks)
(c) (i) Explain the following spray finishing defects and give the cause(s) of EACH.
a) Run
b) Sag
c) Overspray
d) Crazing .-
(ii) State what preventative action should be taken for any TWO of the defects listed
above. (10 marks)
Total20 marks

01309020/F 2009
- 5 -
5. Figure 4 shows part of a typical two-wheel bandsaw.
Figure 4
(a) N arne the parts labelled X, Y and Z. ( 3 marks)

(b) State what determines the size of the bandsaw. ( 2marks)
(c) List FIVE operations which can be done on a bandsaw. ( Smarks)
(d) With the aid of sketches, explain in sequence, how the unshaded portions in the diagrams
labelled P, Q, R, S, T below are removed using the band saw. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
p s
Q T
...

01309020/F 2009
- 6 -
6. Figure 5 shows the gapped edge of a plane blade.
.·
PLANE BLADE
Figure 5
(a) (i) Briefly explain FOUR steps required to recondition the plane blade in Figure 5
to produce a new sharpened bevel. ( 8 marks)
(ii) Name TWO tools and materials which would be used in the process.
( 2 marks)
(b) Make TWO sketches to show
(i) an example of a plane blade that is properly fitted to the cap iron, indicating the
correct distance from the cutting edge of the blade ( 3 marks)
(ii) an example of a poorly fitted blade and cap iron. ( 3 marks)
(c) Sketch a vertical section of a plane blade, to show the difference between the grinding and
sharpening angles. ( 4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2009
- 7 -
SECTIONC
7. (a) Name ONE special-purpose tool used by an upholsterer to:
(i) drive tacks ( 1 mark)
(ii) pull or tension webbing ( 1 mark)
(iii) sew in awkward positions. ( 1 mark)
(b) Explain briefly the use of EACH of the following materials in upholstery:
(i) Webbing
(ii) Latex and chemical foam
(iii) Tacks
(iv) Wadding
(v) Leatherette ( 7 marks)
(c) Figure 6 shows a defective chair seat that needs to have TWO of the webbing strips
replaced.
Figure 6
Describe clearly how the following should be done:
(i) The stripping of old material
(ii) The placing of new material
(iii) The re-covering of the seat ( 5 marks)

·.
(d) (i) Give TWO reasons for securing the webbing in a laced formation. ( 4 marks)
(ii) How far apart should webbing be tacked on the frame? ( 1 mark)
Total 20 marks
01309020/F 2008
- 8 -
8. Figure 7 shows the frame of a small panel door for a cupboard. The frame is made of 19 mm thick
solid wood to receive a plywood panel.
B
A
PANEL DOOR
Figure 7
(a) Sketch and label an exploded view of a suitable joint to be used at corner 'B ' of the door
frame to fit the plywood panel. ( 5 marks)
(b) Sketch a labelled sectional view of the rail at A- A to show an arrangement to receive
the plywood panel. ( 5 marks)
(c) N arne THREE fittings that can be used to open and secure the door. ( 3 marks)
(d) Name TWO suitable materials from which the frame can be made. ( 2marks)
(e) Use sketches to explain the difference between a flush panel and a raised panel and give
examples of the type of material best suited for each type. ( 5 marks)
Total 20 marks

0 1309020/F 2009
- 9 -
9. Figure 8 shows a study desk to be made from timber.
19mmx300mm
BOARD
'
Figure 8
(a) (i) Explain briefly the method to be used to build the study desk top out of timber.
( 4 marks)
(ii) State an alternative material for making the study desk top and give reasons for
suggesting it. ( 6 marks)
(b) Make labelled exploded sketches of the following as they relate to Figure 8.
(i) TWO suitable joints at A. ( 4 marks)
(ii) ONE suitable joint at B, C and D. ( 6 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
·~
.•
0 1309020/F 2009
TEST CODE 01308020
FORM TP 2009045 MAY/JUNE2009
EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
2; hours
( 21 MAY 2009 (p.m.) )
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
2. In addition to the 2~ hours, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper. Writing
DO NOT TURN TillS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

01308020/F 2009
- 2 -
NOTHING HAS BEEN OMITTED

01308020/F 2009
- 3 -
LIST OF FORMULAE
ROOF CALCULATIONS
TRUE LENGTH OF COMMON RAFfER WITH OVERHANG
Overhang= Rise/Run = X/overhang

Value of X = (Rise x Overhang) I Run
Value of X+ Original Rise =Total Rise
Run + Given Overhang = Total Run
• Rise =Pitch
Span
• Pitch x Span = Rise
(Pythagoras ' Theorem)
• True Length of Rafter =-/Total Rise2 +Total Run2
STAIR DESIGN CALCULATIONS
• 2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
CONCRETE BLOCK WALL CALCULATIONS
Area of wall =No. of blocks

Area of block
MOISTURE CONTENT OF TIMBER
% Moisture Content = Wet Weight - Dry Weight x 100

Dry Weight
DEPTH OF FLOOR JOIST
Span in rnm + 50 mm = Depth in (rnm)

24

01308020/F 2009
- 4 -
SECTION A
You are allowed to use freehand sketches or rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which
is based on MODULES DS TO D9 of the syllabus -Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and
1. Figure 1 shows the plan view of a two-storey dwelling, with dimensions 6.7 m long and 4.8 m
wide. The foundation walls are made of 200 mm thick hollow concrete blocks; all other walls
are 150 mm thick. The structure has a gable roof covered with corrugated galvanised sheets and
a 300 mm overhang all around. The ground floor is a 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab on
grade, with a 10 rnm cement/sand screed finish. The upper floor is built using timber. The
staircase is built with timber and has a housed string. The size of the upper floor joists is 50 mm
x250 mm.
~-------------------- - l
I -=·~ ~ I
I I§
I lg
DINING
I KITCH EN BE Dl
I e
I I ~
I I
I I
L -------------------- I
I I
B
\.I 1 I
A?L
I
LIVING I I .,.e
ROOF OUTLINE~ ~ I
I
I !A
~
~
I BtTH ROOM
I e~
IS
\ UP J I~
I
300mm1t---------
/ ~
' /
I
-;::
6
7.3 m
Figure 1

01308020/F 2009
- 5 -
(a) Produce a labelled sketch of one half the plan view of the gable roof to show the
arrangement required for the installation of the corrugated sheet.
(NOTE: The roof is not boarded-up/decked.) (10marks)
(b) Use a neat sketch to illustrate how the upper timber floor joists in the circled area on the
plan in Figure 1 should be trimmed to create the opening for the stairwell. N arne FOUR
members.
(NOTE: Details of the staircase are not required.) (10 marks)
(c) Produce a labelled sketch of a vertical section at A-A on the plan to show one riser and
two treads of the wooden staircase to show the following details:
(i) How the risers and treads are connected ( 5 marks)
(ii) How the riser and treads are connected to the string ( 5 marks)
(d) Make a sectional sketch at B-B to show details of the reinforced concrete floor slab on
grade, assuming that a strip foundation was used. Label the details.
(NOTE: The roof and upper floor details are not required.) (10marks)
Total40 marks
SECTIONB
20 marks.
2. (a) State THREE factors to consider when selecting a building site. ( 3 marks)
(b) State THREE reasons for stripping a building site. ( 3 marks)
(c) (i) State FOUR reasons for hoarding a building site.
(ii) For ANY THREE of the reasons stated in 2 (c)(i) above, write a brief explanatory
note. (10 marks)
(d) N arne and make labelled sketches of TWO methods used to check for squareness when
setting out a small building. ( 4 marks)
Total20 marks

01308020/F 2009
- 6 -
3. (a) Define the following terms and give ONE use of EACH:
(i) concrete ( 3marks)
(ii) mortar ( 3marks)
(b) List FOUR characteristics of coarse aggregates. ( 4marks)
(c) List FIVE properties of plastics used in the construction industry. ( 5 marks)
(d) List FIVE uses of plastics in building construction. ( 5 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) State THREE functions of foundations. ( 3 marks)
(b) Use labelled sketches to illustrate the following types of foundations.
(i) Simple strip ( 3 marks)
(ii) Pad ( 3 marks)
(iii) Raft ( 4 marks)
(c) Foundation trenches 1.2 m deep require excavation. Briefly explain TWO methods of
excavation and name the main tools/equipment need in EACH method.
( 7 marks)
Total20 marks
5. (a) Identify the doors in Figure 2 below and make a neatly labelled sketch of section X-X
of Door C.
'( f((
(
~ ~
X X
(
B c
Figure 2
( lOmarks)

01308020/F 2009
- 7 -
(b) (i) Copy the letters A- G, in Figure 3 below, in your answer booklet and next to each
letter write the name of the corresponding part of the door. ( 7 marks)
(ii) Copy the letters X, Y and Z in your answer booklet and next to each write the name
of the MOST suitable joint which should be used. ( 3 marks)
B
\
r'r- X
F
c
) -y
\
D
- (
G
z
E
-
Figure 3
Total 20 marks
6. (a) N arne FOUR ingredients of oil paint. ( 4 marks)
(b) A new masonry wall surface is to be painted. State the MOST appropriate type of paint
required and explain in sequence FOUR steps involved in finishing the wall.
( 5 marks)
(c) Explain in correct sequence FIVE steps required to finish a coffee table with clear
varnish. ( 5 marks)
(d) State SIX different types of floor finishes. ( 6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2009
- 8 -
SECTIONC
7. (a) Use labelled sketches to illustrate the following:
(i) a septic tank ( 5 marks)
(ii) a soakaway ( 5 marks)
(b) Briefly describe EACH of the follow ing systems:
(i) Combined system of drainage ( 3 marks)
(ii) Separate drainage system ( 3 marks)
(c) State ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of EACH of the systems stated in (b).
( 4 marks)
· Total 20 marks
8. (a) List FIVE building trades and state TWO jobs carried out by EACH. (10 marks)
(b) Arrange in sequence, the members of the Building Team given below to show their line
of authority on a building project and state the functions of ANY THREE.
(i) General foreman

(ii) Engineer
(iii) Clerk of works
(iv) Building contractor
(v) Architect
(vi) Client
(vii) Quantity surveyor (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2009
- 9 -
9. (a) Explain FIVE factors which influence the design of a building. (10 marks)
(b) (i) List FIVE British architectural features or building materials that influence
building styles in the Caribbean. ( 5 marks)
(ii) List FIVE American architectural features or building materials that influence
building styles in the Caribbean. ( 5 marks)
.r
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
..
01308020/F 2009
TEST CODE 01309020
CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL
EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I – WOODS
Paper 02 – Technical Proficiency
1 hours
2—
2
20 MAY 2010 (p.m.)
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
SECTION A: You must answer the COMPULSORY question from this section. All
sketches for this question must be done on the drawing paper provided.
2. In addition to the 2–12 hours, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper. Writing MAY
begin during the 10-minute period.
NOTE: ONLY sketches for the COMPULSORY question 1 should be done on

the drawing paper provided. ALL other sketches MUST be done in your answer
booklet.

01309020/F 2010
- 2 -
This paper is divided into THREE sections – A, B and C. You MUST answer the question from
SECTION A
You are allowed to use freehand sketches OR rule-assisted sketches to answer this question,
which is based on MODULE C7 of the syllabus – Drawing and Design. This question is worth
40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the pictorial drawing of a small work table of height 750 mm, length of 1250
mm and a width of 600 mm. The structural framing for the table is designed using timber. The
table top is built from 19 mm thick plywood and finished with plastic laminate.

Figure 1. A small work table

(a) Sketch the following views of the work table:
(i) A front elevation ( 6 marks)
(ii) A plan view showing all main hidden details ( 8 marks)
(iii) An end view ( 6 marks)
(b) (i) Indicate the correct title for EACH sketch in (a) ( 3 marks)
(ii) Indicate TWO main dimensions for each EACH view. ( 6 marks)

01309020/F 2010
- 3 -
(c) Name and sketch the most suitable joint to be used for EACH of the following areas of
the table shown in Figure 1:
(i) The connection of the table leg and bottom rail
(ii) The connection of the middle slat and bottom rail
(iii) The connection between the top rail and table leg ( 9 marks)

(d) Produce a sketch to explain ONE procedure that can be used to fasten the table top to
the frame. ( 2 marks)
Total 40 marks
SECTION B
20 marks.
2. (a) State TWO uses for EACH of the following layout tools:
(i) Try square
(ii) Sliding bevel
(iii) Marking gauge
(iv) Mortise gauge
(v) Marking knife ( 10 marks)
(b)
Produce neat labelled sketches of ANY THREE of the marking and layout tools in (a)
above. ( 10 marks)

Total 20 marks
3. (a) List FIVE safety rules that should be observed when preparing to operate the wood
turning lathe. ( 5 marks)
(b) State FIVE items that can be produced on the wood turning lathe. ( 5 marks)

(c) Explain FIVE operational procedures required for preparing and fixing wood stock
between the live and dead centres of the lathe for turning. ( 10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2010
- 4 -
4. Figure 2 shows types of ironmongery.
Figure 2. Types of ironmongery
(a) List the correct name for EACH ironmongery labelled as A to D in Figure 2.
( 4 marks)

(b) Produce neat sketches of EACH of the following hinges and give the most suitable use
for EACH.
(i) Tee hinge
(ii) Butt hinge
(iii) Decorative hinge (10 marks)
(c) (i) Reproduce the sketch in Figure 3 and show the correct position of the hinge in
(b)(ii).
(ii) Indicate the correct height from the top of the door to the upper part of the
hinge. ( 6 marks)
Figure 3. Door and frame

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2010
- 5 -
5. Figure 4 shows types of wood defects.
Figure 4. Types of wood defects
(a) Write the name for EACH wood defect labelled as A to E in Figure 4. ( 5 marks)
(b) Sketch a cross-section of a tree trunk and indicate the following:
(i) Annual rings

(ii) Heartwood
(iii) Cambium layer ( 5 marks)
(c) Explain how the function of EACH of the following members contributes to the growth
of trees:
(i) The leaves
(ii) Cambium layer
(iii) The bark
(iv) Heartwood
(v) Sapwood (10 marks)

Total 20 marks
6. (a) List THREE types of furniture finishes. ( 3 marks)

(b) State THREE reasons for applying finishes to furniture. ( 3 marks)
(c) (i) List FOUR ingredients required in the manufacture of paints. ( 4 marks)
(ii) State ONE function of EACH ingredient listed in (i) above. ( 4 marks)
(d) (i) Explain briefly THREE steps that must be followed in the preparation of wooden
surfaces before painting them. ( 3 marks)
(ii) Explain briefly THREE steps that must be followed to achieve quality painted
surfaces. ( 3 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2010
- 6 -
SECTION C
7. Figure 5 shows THREE tools that are used in making upholstered furniture.
Figure 5. Three tools used in making upholstered furniture
(a) (i) Name EACH tool shown in Figure 5. ( 3 marks)
(ii) State the function of EACH tool shown in Figure 5. ( 3 marks)

(b) Figure 6 shows two types of springs used in making upholstered furniture.
Figure 6: Two types of springs used in upholstery
(i) Name EACH type of spring shown in Figure 6. ( 2 marks)

(ii) State how EACH is used in upholstery. ( 2 marks)

01309020/F 2010
- 7 -
(c) Figure 7 shows the frame of a stool with the webbing in place.
Figure 7. The frame of a stool with the webbing in place
Give, in correct sequence, FIVE steps for making and fitting a padded seat to the stool
in Figure 7. (10 marks)

Total 20 marks
8. (a) A table top, 1800 mm long by 900 mm wide, is to be made of solid timber boards. The
boards must be joined edge to edge to achieve the width of 900 mm.
(i) Name and sketch THREE joints that may be used for joining the boards.
( 9 marks)
(ii) Name the type of tool used to hold the boards together when making widening
joints. ( 2 marks)
(b) A wall shelf shown in Figure 8 is to be made of solid timber boards.
Figure 8. Wall shelf
(i) Name a joint that could be used to join the shelves to the sides.
(ii)
Explain and illustrate with the aid of sketches THREE steps required to make
the joint named in b(i) above. (10 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2010
- 8 -
9. Figure 9 shows the cabinet frame of a bathroom cupboard with a top and the basin removed.
The top is to be prepared to carry the sink.
Figure 9. Cabinet frame of a bathroom cupboard
(a) (i) State THREE materials that would be suitable for making the top.
( 3 marks)

(ii) State THREE waterproofing materials that could be used to cover a wooden
top. ( 3 marks)

(b) (i) Describe FOUR processes for preparing the top to fit the cabinet.
( 4 marks)
(ii) Describe SIX processes required for affixing the waterproofing material to the
wooden top. ( 6 marks)
(iii)
State FOUR reasons why one must be careful about selecting a wood product for
use in the bathroom. ( 4 marks)

Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/F 2010
TEST CODE 01308020
EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION II – CONSTRUCTION
1 hours
2—
2
20 MAY 2010 (p.m.)
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
All sketches for this question MUST be done on the drawing paper
provided.
2. In addition to the 2–1 hours, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper. Writing
2
NOTE: ONLY sketches for the COMPULSORY question 1 should be done on

the drawing paper provided. ALL other sketches MUST be done in your answer
booklet.

01308020/F 2010
- 2 -

01308020/F 2010
- 3 -
LIST OF FORMULAE
TRUE LENGTH OF COMMON RAFTER WITH OVERHANG
• Overhang = Rise/Run = X/overhang

Value of X = (Rise × Overhang) / Run
Using Pythagoras’ Theorem
• True Length of Rafter = √ Total Rise2 + Total Run2
• 2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
Rise = Pitch
Span
Area of wall
• = No. of blocks
Area of block

Wet Weight – Dry Weight
• % Moisture Content = × 100
Dry Weight

Span in mm
• + 50 mm = Depth in mm
24

01308020/F 2010
- 4 -
SECTION A
You are allowed to use freehand sketches or rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which
is based on MODULES D5 TO D9 of the syllabus – Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and
1. Figure 1 shows the plan view of the ground floor for a two-storey building. The dimensions
are as indicated on the plan. The external walls are made of 150 mm hollow concrete blocks
with 10 mm plastering on both sides. The partitions are made of 100 mm thick hollow concrete
blocks, plastered on both sides. The floor is 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab on grade.
All external doors are of the type in Figure 2. The stiles and rails are chamfered on one side
and the panels are 10 mm plywood plain/flat. All windows are of the casement type opening
outward. The staircase is built of timber with a string cut out of 300 mm × 50 mm planks and
risers 16 mm, and tread 22 mm thick respectively.
Figure 1. Floor plan Figure 2. Door and frame

01308020/F 2010
- 5 -
(a) Use a vertical section to show details of the door and frame at A–A on the floor plan.
(10 marks)
(NOTE: Details of foundation and wall are NOT required.)
(b) (i) State the correct name for the door illustrated in Figure 2. ( 2 marks)
(ii) Label SIX parts of the door in Figure 2. ( 6 marks)

(c) Provide a labelled sketch of a vertical section to show the details of the concrete sill and
lintel at Section C–C on the plan. ( 6 marks)
(NOTE: The window and frame detail are NOT required.)

(d) (i) Explain what is meant by the term ‘anti-capillary groove’. ( 2 marks)
(ii) State the purpose of an anti-capillary groove. ( 2 marks)
(iii) Name TWO places where anti-capillary grooves can be found. ( 2 marks)
(e) (i) Sketch a labelled vertical section of the stair to show how one riser and one
tread are joined to each other at section B–B on the plan. ( 4 marks)
(ii) State the function of EACH of the following as it relates to stairs:
(i) Riser
(ii)
Tread
(iii)
Head room

(iv) Hand rail
(v)
Balustrade
(vi) Newel post ( 6 marks)
Total 40 marks

01308020/F 2010
- 6 -
SECTION B
20 marks.
2. (a) List FIVE factors affecting the choice of a building site. ( 5 marks)
(b) (i) List FIVE reasons for hoarding a building site.
(ii) Write brief explanatory notes for EACH reason given. (10 marks)
(c) State THREE reasons for stripping a building site. ( 3 marks)
(d) Give ONE example of a temporary service and ONE example of a temporary shelter.
( 2 marks)

Total 20 marks
3. (a) Sketch the cross section of a tree trunk and label six parts. ( 8 marks)

(b) Define EACH of the following terms and give ONE use of EACH:
(i) Concrete
(ii) Mortar ( 6 marks)

(c) Explain the term ‘moist curing’ as it relates to cured concrete. ( 2 marks)
(d) List FOUR properties of plastics used in the building construction industry.
( 4 marks)

Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2010
- 7 -
4. (a) Use neat labelled sketches to illustrate the following types of foundations:
(i) Simple strip foundation
(ii) Raft foundation
(iii) Pad foundation ( 10 marks)
(b) State TWO functions of a foundation. ( 2 marks)
(c)
List THREE different types of brick bonds. ( 3 marks)

(d) State THREE functions that external walls of a building should fulfil.
( 3 marks)
(e) Define the term ‘proportioning’ as it relates to concrete. ( 2 marks)
Total 20 marks
5. (a)
Use a neat labelled sketch to show a vertical section through a reinforced solid concrete
ground floor with a 19 mm concrete sand screed. ( 10 marks)

(b) State FIVE functional requirements of floors. ( 5 marks)
(c) State TWO methods of strutting as they relate to upper timber floors. ( 2 marks)

(d) List THREE members of a timber floor. ( 3 marks)
Total 20 marks
6. (a) Use single line diagrams to illustrate EACH of the following types of roofs. Insert the
correct name next to each sketch.
(i) Lean-to roof
(ii) Gable roof
(iii) Closed couple roof
(iv) Hip roof
(v) Hip and valley ( 10 marks)

01308020/F 2010
- 8 -
(b) State THREE advantages of trussed roof construction over other types of construction
systems. ( 3 marks)
(c) Name FOUR different types of roof coverings. ( 4 marks)
(d) Name THREE members of a closed couple roof. ( 3 marks)

Total 20 marks
SECTION C
7. (a) Write brief explanatory notes on the purpose of a ‘soakaway’. ( 2 marks)
(b) Briefly explain TWO advantages and TWO disadvantages of EACH of the following:
(i) A combined system of drainage ( 4 marks)
(ii) A separate drainage system ( 4 marks)
(c) Explain EACH of the following terms:
(i) Cesspool
(ii) Surface-water drain
(iii) Sewer
(iv)
Sewage
(v) Drain pipe (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

8. (a) Explain the functions of EACH of the following members of a building team:
(i) Client
(ii) Architect
(iii)
Contractor
(iv) Engineer
(v) Quantity surveyor (10 marks)

01308020/F 2010
- 9 -
(b) State TWO functions of EACH of the following persons in the building trade:
(i) Carpenter
(ii) Electrician
(iii)
Plumber
(iv)
Painter
(v) Mason (10 marks)

Total 20 marks
9. (a) Outline FIVE factors which influence the design of a building. (10 marks)
(b) With the aid of labelled sketches, illustrate FIVE French or British architectural features
that have influenced building design in the Caribbean. (10 marks)

Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2010
TEST CODE 01309020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I – WOODS
2 ½ hours
19 MAY 2011 (p.m.)
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
SECTION A: You must answer the only COMPULSORY question in this section.
2. In addition to the 2 ½ hours, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper. Writing MAY begin
5. Only sketches for Question ONE should be done on the drawing sheets provided. ALL other
sketches should be done in the answer booklet.
Copyright © 2009 Caribbean Examinations Council

01309020/F 2011
- 2 -
This paper is divided into THREE sections – A, B and C. You MUST answer the only question in
SECTION A
You are allowed to use free-hand sketches, OR rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which
is based on MODULE C7 of the syllabus – Drawing and Design. This question is worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows an incomplete front elevation of a storage cabinet with the following dimensions:
length 1850 mm, depth 550 mm and height 900 mm. The carcase of the cabinet is made from
19 mm thick plywood. The section labelled B is to house a single cupboard door with 3 mm thick
glass fitted in a timber frame. The sections labelled C, D and E are to house three drawers with
chamfered edges fitted flush with the front. Note, the top of the unit is to be extended 50 mm to
the front. The back of the cabinet is covered with 6 mm plywood.
Figure 1. Elevation of an incomplete storage cabinet
(a) Produce a neat pictorial sketch of the completed storage cabinet to include the cupboard
door and the three drawers. (16 marks)
(b) Make a neat rule-assisted sketch to show an exploded view of the joint at A in Figure 1.
(4 marks)
(c) State FOUR types of ironmongery that may be used on the door and drawers for the
cabinet. (4 marks)
(d) Suggest TWO types of finishes that would be appropriate for the cupboard. (4 marks)

01309020/F 2011
- 3 -
(e) Name a suitable joint for EACH of the following situations as it relates to the storage
cabinet:
(i) The connection of the drawer front to the drawer sides
(ii) The connection of the drawer back to the drawer sides
(iii) The connection of the drawer bottom to the drawer front or sides
(iv) Connecting the top rail to the side panel
(v) Securing the top of the cabinet to the side panel
(vi) Where the drawer rail meets the side panel

(12 marks)
Total 40 marks
SECTION B
You are required to answer any THREE questions from this section. EACH question is worth 20
marks.
2. (a) List SIX types of finishes that can be applied to indoor furniture. (6 marks)
(b) Briefly explain FIVE steps that would be required to prepare a wooden surface for a
natural finish. (10 marks)
(c) State FOUR reasons why surface preparation is necessary prior to applying furniture
finishes. (4 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2011
- 4 -
3. A set of patio furniture consisting of four chairs and one table is to be constructed for use as out-
door furniture.
(a) State TWO types of timbers that would be suitable to construct the set of furniture and give
TWO reasons for your choice. (4 marks)
(b) The method of assembling the patio set includes gluing, screwing and nailing.
(i) Name TWO suitable glues that can be used in the construction of the outdoor
furniture. (2 marks)
(ii) Name TWO types of materials that can be used to make screws for outdoor
furniture and give TWO reasons for your selection. (4 marks)
(c) Illustrate, using suitable sketches, the following procedures:
(i) FOUR steps involved when preparing to insert a countersunk head screw into a
lap joint created from hardwood timber. (4 marks)
(ii) Dovetail nailing to connect the top of a wooden box to the sides. (3 marks)
(iii) Parallel nailing used to secure a bench top to a frame. (3 marks)

Total 20 marks
4. (a) State the MOST appropriate use for the following ironmongery
(i) Butt hinges

(ii) Tee hinge
(iii) Back flap hinge
(iv) Barrel bolt (8 marks)
(b) Give TWO terms used to describe the housing required to hang the stile and furniture
frames to affix/install hinges. (2 marks)
(c)
Describe FIVE major steps that should be followed to correctly fit a pair of butt hinges to
a framed cabinet door. (10 marks)

Total 20 marks
5. (a) For EACH of the situations below, list FIVE safety rules
(i) Before using the table saw

(ii) During the use of the table saw (10 marks)
(b) Explain FIVE simple steps that should be followed to cut a piece of stock to length, on
the circular saw. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2011
- 5 -
6. (a) Produce a neat sketch of EACH of the following wood joints:
(i) Tongue and groove
(ii) Mitre
(iii) End lap
(iv) Rebate
(v) Bridle (10 marks)
(b) State TWO applications for EACH of the joints listed in 6 (a). (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
SECTION C
7. (a) State THREE advantages of using built-up timber/plywood over solid timber and give
ONE reason for EACH advantage stated. (6 marks)

(b) Produce a sketch of a piece of three-ply manufactured board to show the grain direction
of each veneer. (2 marks)
(c) State TWO reasons why edge treatment or lipping should be used when plywood edges
are exposed. (4 marks)
(d) Use sketches to illustrate appropriate edge treatments required for EACH of the following:
(i) Lipping a flush door. (TWO methods required) (4 marks)
(ii) Counter or table top. (TWO methods required) (4 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2011
- 6-
8. (a) (i) Explain the difference between framed and carcase construction.
(4 marks)
(ii) Use suitable sketches to show ONE example of EACH.

(6 marks)
(b) A dresser is a typical item of household furniture. List FOUR other items of furniture
used for household purposes. (4 marks)
(c) Figure 2 shows the elevation of a wardrobe 2000 mm high, 1200 mm wide and 600 mm
deep.
Figure 2. Elevation of a wardrobe
(i) State ONE suitable joint to be used at A and B indicated in Figure 2.

(2 marks)
(ii) Name TWO materials from which the wardrobe can be constructed.
(2 marks)
(iii) State TWO types of doors that would be suitable to enclose the wardrobe.
(2 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2011
- 7 -
9. Figure 3 shows a pictorial drawing of an upholstered stool with a section removed.
Figure 3. Pictorial drawing of an upholstered stool
(a)
Identify by name EACH item of upholstery material labelled A, B, C, D and E on
Figure 3.
( 5 marks)
(b) List FIVE tools that are generally used for upholstery. ( 5 marks)
(c) Briefly explain FIVE processes that should be followed to apply the material labelled as
‘B’ in Figure 3 to the stool. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/F 2011
TEST CODE 01308020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
2 ½ hours
19 MAY 2011 (p.m.)
GENERAL DIRECTIONS:
2. In addition to the 2 ½ hours, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper. Writing MAY begin
5. Only sketches for Question ONE should be done on the drawing sheets provided. ALL other
sketches should be done in the answer booklet.

01308020/F 2011
- 2 -
LIST OF FORMULAE
Overhang = Rise/Run = X/Overhang

Value of X = (Rise x Overhang) / Run
True Length of Rafter = √ Total Rise2 + Total Run2
2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
Where R = rise, G = going and T = tread
Rise
= Pitch
Span
Area of wall
= No. of blocks
Area of block

% Moisture Content = × 100
Dry Weight

Span in mm + 50 mm = Depth in mm
24

01308020/F 2011
- 3 -

01308020/F 2011
- 4 -
SECTION A
You are allowed to use free-hand sketches, OR rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which
is based on MODULES D5 TO D9 of the syllabus – Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and Stairs.
All sketches should be done to proportion. This question is worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the floor plan of a small office building with exterior walls built of 150 mm hollow
concrete blocks. The partition wall (labelled A) is built of timber and the floor is a 100 mm thick,
reinforced concrete slab on grade. TWO raised panelled doors are used as external doors. Each
door has four panels. The windows are all metal louvred. The overall dimensions of the building
are 8.1 m long by 5 m wide.
Figure 1. Floor Plan

(a) (i) Produce a neat sketch of the elevation of the internal stud partition wall looking
in the direction labelled ‘A’ in Figure 1. (12 marks)
NOTE: Only the skeleton of the stud partition is required. The framing for the
door opening must be shown but the sketch of the door is not required.
(ii) Label FIVE parts of the stud partition in (i) above. (5 marks)

01308020/F 2011
- 5 -
(b) (i) Make a neat sketch to show the front elevation of a four-panelled door with raised
panels designed to fit in the external openings of Figure 1. (8 marks)
(ii) State FIVE functions of doors. (5 marks)
(c) State FOUR functions that the concrete floor in Figure 1 is required to fulfil.
(4 marks)
(d) (i) List THREE different types of roofs that can be used to cover the building in
Figure 1. (3 marks)
(ii) State THREE functions of roofs. (3 marks)
Total 40 marks
SECTION B
You are required to answer any THREE questions from this section. Each question is worth 20 marks.
2. (a) State THREE reasons for hoarding a building site. (3 marks)
(b) In relation to a building site, name
(i) THREE temporary shelters
(ii) FOUR temporary services. (7 marks)
(c) With the aid of neatly labelled sketches, illustrate EACH of the following:
(i) A plan view to show how corner profile boards are positioned when setting out a
small building. (6 marks)
(ii) TWO methods of checking to ensure that the corners of the building are square.
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2011
- 6 -
3. (a) State the materials used to produce EACH of the following:
(i) Concrete
(ii) Mortar (5 marks)
(b) Calculate the moisture content of a wood specimen which weighs 23g when wet and weighs
20g when dried. (3 marks)
(c) List FIVE properties of plastics used in building construction. (5 marks)
(d) Produce a neat sketch of a cross-section of a tree trunk to show seven parts.
(7 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) Use labelled sketches to show ONE item of ironmongery for EACH of the following
scenarios:
(i) Hanging a panel door to a frame
(ii) Preventing unauthorized entry into a room (6 marks)
(b) (i) Recommend a material for manufacturing ironmongery for use on houses located
near the sea. (1 mark )
(ii) Briefly explain the reason for your recommendation in (b) (i) above.
(3 marks)
(c) State FIVE functions of windows. (5 marks)
(d) Name FIVE different types of windows. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks
5. (a) Describe briefly EACH of the following methods of trench excavation:
(i) Manual means
(ii) Mechanical means (4 marks)
(b) An excavation 1.2 m deep has to be dug in firm soil. Make a neat, vertical section to show
the timbering designed to support the sides of the trench. (6 marks)
(c) State TWO functions of foundations. (2 marks)

01308020/F 2011
- 7 -

(d) Foundations are designed for different soil types and site conditions. Name ONE founda-
tion type for EACH of the following:
(i) Made-up (dumped-up) ground

(ii) Gently sloping site
(iii) Soil with low load-bearing capacity
(iv) Firm soil
(v) Swampy ground
(vi) Two-storey building on steep gradient site with firm soil
(vii) Clay
(viii)
Flat site with sandy soil
(8 marks)
Total 20 marks
6. (a) State TWO functions of stairs. (2 marks)
(b) A staircase is being designed for a building with a total floor-to-floor height (rise)
measuring 2590 mm. Assuming that each riser is 185 mm high and each tread is 220 mm
wide, calculate EACH of the following:
(i) The total number of risers for the staircase
(ii) The total going or run of the staircase
(4 marks)

(c) Explain briefly the purpose of EACH of the following terms as it relates to stairs:
(i) Stringer
(ii) Headroom
(iii) Handrail
(6 marks)
(d) State the building regulations relevant to EACH of the following features as they relate to
stairs:
(i) The minimum width of a tread
(ii) The minimum height for headroom
(iii) The maximum space allowed between balusters
(iv) The maximum height of a riser

(4 marks)
(e) A new timber staircase is to be painted with oil paint. List FOUR steps required to produce
a good quality paint job. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2011
- 8 -
SECTION C
7. (a) Briefly explain the function of the following drainage components:

(i) Subsoil drain
(ii) Surface water drain
(iii) Sewer
(iv) Inspection chamber
(v) Drain pipe
(10 marks)
(b) State FIVE factors that are used to determine the size of gutters and downpipes required
to discharge roof water. (5 marks)
(c) State TWO types of waste disposal systems. (2 marks)
(d) State ONE purpose of EACH of the following:

(i) Manhole
(ii) Soakaway
(iii) Septic tank

(3 marks)
Total 20 marks
8. (a) Briefly explain the responsibilities of EACH of the following members of the building
team:
(i) Client
(ii) Architect

(iii) Building Contractor
(iv) Engineer
(v) Quantity Surveyor
(10 marks)
(b) List FIVE building trades and give ONE function for EACH trade listed.
(10 marks)

Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2011
- 9 -
9. (a) Briefly explain FIVE factors which can influence the design of a building.
(10 marks)
(b) List FIVE building features or building materials from EACH of the following countries,
that have influenced building design in the Caribbean:
(i) England
(ii) United States of America

(10 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2011
TEST CODE 01309020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I – WOODS
2 hours 30 minutes
21 MAY 2012 (p.m.)
READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.
2. In addition to the 2 hours 30 minutes, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper.
Writing MAY begin during the 10-minute period.
4. Silent, non-programmable calculators may be used.
5. Only sketches for Question 1 should be done on the drawing sheets provided. ALL
other sketches should be done in the answer booklet.

01309020/F 2012
-2-
This paper is divided into THREE sections – A, B and C. You MUST answer the only question in
SECTION A
You are allowed to use EITHER free-hand OR rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which
is based on MODULE C7 of the syllabus – Drawing and Design. This question is worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the pictorial drawing of a television stand made from natural timber. The length
of the stand is 900 mm, width 500 mm and height 690 mm. The top of the stand is made by
joining pieces of board to achieve a width of 500 mm. The stand needs to be further designed
to provide a compartment to fit a DVD player. The dimensions for the DVD player are: length
300 mm, depth 420 mm and height 50 mm.
X
50
0
900
690
A
500 680
B X
Figure 1. Pictorial view of television stand
(a) Reproduce a pictorial sketch to include a compartment for the DVD player and a means
of stabilizing the legs of the television stand. (12 marks)


01309020/F 2012
-3-
(b) (i) Sketch a sectional end view along the cutting plane X-X to show major details of
the completed design. (8 marks)
(ii) Label FIVE parts of the sketch produced in (b) (i). (5 marks)
(iii) Show FOUR dimensions on the sectional end view. (4 marks)
(c) State TWO suitable joints that could be used to widen the top of the television stand.
(2 marks)
(d) Outline THREE methods of fixing the DVD compartment to the underside of the top of
the stand. (6 marks)
(e) State THREE different types of joints that could be used for the joint labelled as A in
Figure 1. (3 marks)
Total 40 marks

01309020/F 2012
-4-
SECTION B
You are required to answer any THREE questions from this section. EACH question is worth 20 marks.
2. Figure 2 shows a pictorial view of a typical garden bench. FIVE garden benches are to be
constructed similar to the one shown using treated dressed pitch pine timber. The framing members
of the garden seats should be joined using suitable wood joints.
Figure 2. Garden bench
(a) For fitting EACH of the following members, state ONE specific joint that can be used.
(i) Rails to the legs (1 mark)
(ii) Bench arm rest to the back leg (1 mark)
(iii) Front leg to bracket (1 mark)
(b) List THREE types of layout tools and TWO cutting hand tools to be used to produce the
joints for the framing members of the garden seats. (5 marks)
(c) State TWO devices that would be suitable for strengthening the joint used to frame the
rails to the legs. (2 marks)
(d) Explain THREE operational procedures to be carried out to dig the mortice and TWO to
cut the tenon for the frame of the garden seat. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2012
-5-
3. (a) State FOUR suitable methods used to apply wood preservatives to outdoor timber furniture
exposed to fungal and insect attack. (4 marks)
(b) The use of manufactured boards rather than timber for furniture manufacturing is often
considered a poor choice by traditional cabinet makers. However, the majority of household
furniture in use is built mainly from manufactured boards.
(i)
Plywood is one common type of manufactured board. List THREE other types of
manufactured boards that are currently used in furniture construction.
(3 marks)
(ii) State THREE advantages for using manufactured boards rather than timber in
furniture construction. (3 marks)
(c) Explain FIVE manufacturing processes involved in the production of veneer plywood.
(10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2012
-6-
4. The stationary jig/scroll saw shown in Figure 3 is known as a reciprocating saw. It is designed
to cut intricate shapes in materials.
B
A
C
D
Figure 3. Jig/scroll saw
(a) Write the letters A, B, C and D in your answer booklet, and write the name of EACH part
next to the letter. (4 marks)
(b) Describe the function of any TWO of the parts labelled B, C and D. (4 marks)
(c) State ONE principle that is used to determine the capacity of the jig saw. (2 marks)

(d) A number of guidelines are recommended for safely using the jig saw to make various
cuts. Explain the following:
(i) THREE procedures to be followed when performing regular outside cutting.

(6 marks)
(ii) TWO procedures to be followed when performing internal cutting. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2012
-7-
5. The surfaces of FIVE table tops made from timber, for use in the Home Economics lab at your
school, are damaged due to continuous wear. Your Woodwork class is assigned to refurbish these
table tops using plastic laminate/formica.
(a) (i) State TWO advantages for using plastic laminate over wooden finishes.
(ii) Explain briefly why EACH is considered to be an advantage. (4 marks)
(b) Special care must be taken when handling plastic laminate because it is known to be brittle
and will tear easily. For EACH of the following, state TWO tools that could be used to
cut plastic laminates

(i) for the table tops, manually (2 marks)
(ii) around the edges of the table tops. (2 marks)
(c) Name TWO types of adhesive that are generally used to fasten plastic laminate to a surface
material. (2 marks)
(d) Explain FIVE steps to be taken when fastening plastic laminate to the table tops.
(10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2012
-8-
6. Figure 4 shows five types of ironmongery that are generally used on furniture for household use.
A B C D E
(a) Write the names of ANY FOUR of the ironmongery shown in Figure 4 using the labels
A to E. (4 marks)
(b) State ONE use for EACH type of ironmongery labelled A, C and D in Figure 4.
(6 marks)
(c) Use suitable sketches to illustrate EACH of the following fastening techniques:
(i) The correct procedure for clinching nails that protrude through the wood into which
they are driven. (3 marks)
(ii) A sectional view to show how clearance holes are prepared for screws being driven
into softwoods. (3 marks)
(iii) FOUR steps involved in preparing to insert a countersunk head screw into a lap
joint made from hardwood timber. (4 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2012
-9-
SECTION C
7. (a) (i) Name FOUR types of upholstery tools. (4 marks)

(ii) TWO of the processes used in upholstering a chair that has a solid seat are
a) preparing the base and
b) fitting the padding or stuffing.
Explain how EACH of the processes in (a) (ii) is carried out and indicate the type
of material to be used in EACH case. (6 marks)
(iii) Name FOUR types of covering materials that are suitable for use in upholstery.
(4 marks)
(b) Figure 5 shows a pictorial drawing of the frame for a drop-in cushion.
Figure 5. Open frame for drop-in cushion
(i) Produce a sketch of the frame to show the layout of webbing as support.
(4 marks)
(ii) Name TWO materials that are suitable to be used as webbing. (2 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2012
- 10 -
8. Figure 6 represents an overhead kitchen cabinet that is to be hung on a masonry wall (concrete
or stone). Two glazed doors are to be fitted to the front of the cabinet.
Figure 6. Front of overhead kitchen cabinet
(a) State TWO types of fastening devices that could be used to fit the cabinet to the masonry
wall. (2 marks)
(b) (i) Sketch an exploded view of a suitable joint that should be used at the corners of
the doors to accommodate the glass. (4 marks)
(ii) Label FOUR parts of this joint. (4 marks)
(c) Explain THREE steps to be followed to fit a butt hinge to the door of the cabinet.
(6 marks)
(d) (i) State TWO types of joints that are suitable for joining the bottom of the cabinet
to the side. (2 marks)
(ii) Give ONE reason for selecting EACH of the joints in (d) (i). (2 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2012
- 11 -
9. (a) Figure 7 shows three situations in which dovetail joints are used.
A
C
Figure 7. Different types of dovetail joints
(i) Name an appropriate joint to be used at EACH of the points labelled as A–C.
(3 marks)
(ii) Sketch an appropriate dovetail joint for A, B and C and give a reason for your
selection. (6 marks)
(iii) State a reason for selecting EACH of the joints in (a) (i). (3 marks)
(b) (i) In furniture construction, give FOUR operations which can be safely carried out
on wood components using the portable power router. (4 marks)
(ii) Provide neat pictorial sketches to identify any TWO of the operations named in
response to (b) (i) above. (4 marks)

Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.
01309020/F 2012
TEST CODE 01308020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
2 hours 30 minutes
21 MAY 2012 (p.m.)
2. In addition to the 2 hours 30 minutes, you are allowed 10 minutes to read the paper.
Writing MAY begin during the 10-minute period.

01308020/F 2012
-2-

01308020/F 2012
-3-
LIST OF FORMULAE

Value of X = (Rise × Overhang) ÷ Run
2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
Rise
——– = Pitch
Span
Area of wall
—————— = No. of blocks
Area of block

% Moisture Content = ———————————– × 100
Dry Weight
Span in mm
—————– + 50 mm = Depth in mm
24

01308020/F 2012
-4-
SECTION A
You are allowed to use EITHER free-hand OR rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which
is based on MODULES D5 to D9 of the syllabus – Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and Stairs.
All sketches should be done to proportion. This question is worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the floor plan of a small office with external walls built of 150 mm hollow concrete
blocks and plastered on both sides. The floor is a 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab on grade
and is finished with a 10 mm cement/sand screed. All the windows are of the type shown in
Figure 1.1 and the entrance doors are of the type shown in Figure 1.2.
5200 mm
2600 mm 900 mm 1700 mm
B B
4200 mm
A
ENTRANCE
Figure 1. Floor plan

01308020/F 2012
-5-
Figure 1.1. Window Figure 1.2. Door
(a) (i) Produce a neat sketch of the vertical section at A-A as shown on the floor plan in
Figure 1 to show details of the reinforced concrete slab on grade. (10 marks)
NOTE: Details of the foundation are NOT required.
(ii) Label FIVE parts of the reinforced concrete floor slab. (5 marks)
(b) (i) Sketch a neat vertical section at B-B on the floor plan in Figure 1 to show details
of the window and frame in the concrete wall. (10 marks)
NOTE: Details of the roof are NOT required.
(ii) Label FOUR parts of the detailed sketch produced in (b) (i) above. (4 marks)
(c) State the name of the type of window shown in Figure 1.1. (1 mark)
(d) State the name of the type of door shown in Figure 1.2. (1 mark)
(e) State THREE functions of the door. (3 marks)
(f) Name THREE types of ironmongery designed for use on the door. (3 marks)
(g) State THREE tools required to plaster the walls in Figure 1. (3 marks)
Total 40 marks

01308020/F 2012
-6-
SECTION B
2. (a) State THREE reasons for stripping a building site. (3 marks)
(b) (i) State FOUR temporary services a well-managed site should provide.
(4 marks)
(ii) State THREE reasons for hoarding a building site. (3 marks)
(c) With the aid of labelled, single-line sketches, explain EACH of the following:
(i) How corner profiles are positioned when setting out the small building in Figure 2
Figure 2. Small building

(6 marks)
(ii) TWO methods of ensuring that the corners of the building are square
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2012
-7-
3. (a) State THREE characteristics of aggregates used in concrete. (3 marks)
(b) Define the term ‘proportioning’ or ‘batching’ in relation to a concrete mix. (2 marks)
(c) Briefly explain EACH of the following terms in relation to timber:
(i) Moisture content (2 marks)
(ii) Conversion (2 marks)
(iii) Seasoning (2 marks)
(iv) Dry rot (2 marks)
(v) Preservatives (2 marks)
(d) List FIVE uses of plastics in the building construction industry. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) State the MAIN purpose of a slump test. (2 marks)
(b) With the aid of labelled sketches, show in sequence, the THREE steps involved in conducting
a slump test for a concrete mix. (6 marks)
(c) Use sketches to illustrate EACH of the following:
(i) Collapsed slump (2 marks)
(ii) True slump (2 marks)
(d) State THREE functions of foundations. (3 marks)
(e) Name FIVE different types of foundations. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2012
-8-
5. (a) State the MAIN function of a staircase. (2 marks)
(b) Define EACH of the following:

(i) Riser (1 mark)
(ii) Tread (1 mark)
(iii) Headroom (1 mark)
(iv) String (1 mark)
(v) Handrail (1 mark)
(c) State THREE critical measurements that must be obtained when designing a staircase.
(3 marks)
(d) Figure 3 shows a section through the staircase with a housed string.
Figure 3. Section of staircase

01308020/F 2012
-9-
Use labelled sketches to show details of how a riser and a tread are connected to
(i) the string (5 marks)
(ii) each other. (5 marks)
NOTE: You are NOT required to reproduce the sketch of the staircase shown on page 8.
Total 20 marks
6. (a) Make line diagrams to illustrate elevations of EACH of the following types of roofs.

(i)
Lean-to roof (2 marks)

(ii)
Couple roof (2 marks)
(iii) Close-coupled roof (2 marks)
(b) Make line diagrams to illustrate elevations of EACH of the following types of roofs.

(i)
Hip roof (2 marks)
(ii) Hip and valley roof (2 marks)
(c) List THREE advantages of truss roof construction over traditional roof construction.
(3 marks)

(d) State TWO methods of applying paint to a concrete surface. (2 marks)

(e) List, in CORRECT sequence, the steps in preparing a new wood surface before applying
varnish. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2012
- 10 -
SECTION C
7. (a) Use a suitable sketch to show a vertical section through a soakaway. (6 marks)
(b) Briefly explain ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of EACH of the following drainage
systems:

(i) A combined system (2 marks)

(ii) A separate system (2 marks)
(c) Define EACH of the following terms:
(i) Cesspool (2 marks)
(ii) Surface-water drain (2 marks)
(iii) Sewer (2 marks)

(iv) Sewage (2 marks)

Total 20 marks
8. (a) State TWO functions of EACH of the following skilled persons in the building trades:
(i) Plumber (2 marks)
(ii) Carpenter (2 marks)
(iii) Electrician (2 marks)

(iv) Painter (2 marks)

(v) Mason (2 marks)

01308020/F 2012
- 11 -
(b) (i) Use a simple flow chart to arrange the members of the building team listed below
to show their line of authority on a building site.
a) General foreman (1 mark)
b) Clerk of works (1 mark)

c) Engineer (1 mark)
d) Client (1 mark)

e) Building contractor (1 mark)
f) Architect (1 mark)

g) Quantity surveyor (1 mark)
(ii) Select THREE members of the building team given in (b) (i) above and state ONE
function of EACH. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks
9. (a) Outline FIVE factors which influence the design of a building. (10 marks)
(b) (i) List FIVE English architectural features and/or building materials that have
influenced building styles in the Caribbean. (5 marks)

(ii) List FIVE American architectural features and/or building materials that have
influenced building styles in the Caribbean. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2012
TEST CODE 01309020
CARIBBEAN SECONDARY EDUCATION CERTIFICATE®

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I – WOODS
2 hours 40 minutes
23 MAY 2013 (p.m.)
2. You are advised to take some time to read through the paper and plan your answers.
4. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator in answering questions.

01309020/F 2013
-2-
SECTION A
You are allowed to use EITHER freehand sketches OR ruler-assisted sketches in answering this
question, which is based on MODULE C7 of the syllabus – Drawing and Design. This question is
worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the incomplete pictorial view (elevation) of a storage cabinet with length
2 000 mm, width 550 mm and height 850 mm.
Figure 1. Elevation of a storage cabinet

01309020/F 2013
-3-
(a) Using neat, well-labelled, ruler-assisted sketches, produce a complete pictorial drawing
of the storage cabinet to include the
(i) top of the unit (1 mark)
(ii) finished faces for the drawer with chamfered edges (3 marks)
(iii) glazed panel cupboard door (indicated by glazing symbol) (3 marks)
(iv) correct position of the handles for the cupboard door and three drawers
(3 marks)
(v) sides of the cupboard (2 marks)
(vi) baseboard (plinth) and shelf (2 marks)
(vii) FOUR major dimensions on the sketch (4 marks)
(b) (i) Make neat, illustrative sketches of the joints to be used at A and B in Figure 1.
(6 marks)
(ii) Identify EACH joint in (b) (i) above by name. (2 marks)

(iii) Name TWO jointing methods that could be used to obtain the width of the top of
the storage cabinet. (2 marks)
(c) Name TWO types of manufactured boards that can be used to construct the storage cabinet.
(2 marks)
(d) Based on the design of the cupboard frame:
(i) State TWO materials that can be used to cover the back of the cupboard.
(2 marks)
(ii) Suggest TWO ways of securing the covering used. (2 marks)
(e) In order to construct the storage cabinet, name:
(i) TWO portable power tools that can be used. (2 marks)
(ii) TWO hand tools that can be used. (2 marks)
(iii) TWO types of finishes that could be applied to the top of the cupboard for
beautification and hygiene. (2 marks)
Total 40 marks

01309020/F 2013
-4-
SECTION B
2. (a) List FOUR different types of fasteners that are used in furniture manufacturing.
(4 marks)
(b) Describe, in sequence, FIVE processes that should be followed when preparing the surface
of wooden furniture to receive a clear coat finish. (10 marks)
(c) State FOUR reasons why surface preparation is necessary before applying a clear coat
finish. (4 marks)
(d) List TWO ingredients that are used in manufacturing oil paint. (2 marks)
Total 20 marks
3. A set of outdoor furniture consisting of FOUR stools and ONE table is to be constructed.
(a) (i) State TWO types of wood that would be appropriate for use in the construction of
these items. (2 marks)
(ii) State ONE reason for your choice of EACH type of wood identified in (a) (i) above.
(2 marks)
(b) The method of assembling the outdoor furniture includes gluing, screwing and nailing.
(i) Identify a suitable glue and state ONE reason for choosing it. (2 marks)
(ii) If screws were chosen, name TWO types of materials that could be used to make
the screws and give ONE reason for EACH selection. (4 marks)
(c) Illustrate, with sketches, the correct method for:
(i) Inserting a countersunk head screw to connect a table top to the rail
(4 marks)
(ii) Dovetail nailing as an alternative to the use of screws (3 marks)
(iii) Connecting the legs and rails of the stool (3 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2013
-5-
4. (a) State TWO uses for EACH of the following types of hinge:
(i) Back flap butt (2 marks)
(ii) Tee (2 marks)
(iii) Cranked cabinet (2 marks)
(iv) Decorative (2 marks)
(b) Name TWO tools that can be used to cut out recesses in furniture frames to accommodate
the hinges. (2 marks)
(c) Explain, in correct sequence, FIVE major steps that should be followed to correctly fit a
pair of butt hinges to a framed cabinet door. (10 marks)

Total 20 marks
5. (a) List FIVE safety measures that should be observed by operators of woodworking machines
in EACH of the following situations:
(i) Before using the jointer (5 marks)
(ii) During the use of the jointer (5 marks)
(b) Explain in sequence, FIVE steps that should be followed to cut a piece of stock to length
using the stationary table/circular saw. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2013
-6-
6. (a) Make neat, well-labelled, ruler-assisted sketches of EACH of the following wood joints:
(i) Tongue and groove (2 marks)
(ii) Mitred (2 marks)
(iii) End lap (2 marks)
(iv) Haunched mortise and tenon (2 marks)
(b) Specify the MOST appropriate condition under which EACH joint mentioned in (a) above
would be used. (8 marks)
(c) Use a neat sketch to illustrate the symbol to show the end grain of a board that has been
converted using the through and through sawing method. (2 marks)
(d) State TWO methods of securing a mortise and tenon joint. (2 marks)
Total 20 marks
SECTION C
7. (a) State FIVE advantages for using built-up timber/plywood rather than solid timber.
(10 marks)
(b) Produce a sketch to illustrate how the veneers are placed in a sheet of ply with three
layers. (3 marks)
(c) Use sketches to illustrate how edge treatment should be applied to plywood in the following
situations:
(i) Edges of flush doors (3 marks)

(ii) Edges of a plywood table top (4 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2013
-7-
8. (a) Explain, with the aid of sketches, how carcase construction differs from frame construction.
(10 marks)
(b) Figure 2 shows the elevation of a solid raised wood panel cupboard door with its parts
labelled A, B, C and D.
Figure 2. Elevation of a solid raised wood panel cupboard door
Name the parts labelled A, B, C and D. (4 marks)
(c) (i) State THREE types of ironmongery that could be used on the cupboard door shown
in Figure 2. (3 marks)

(ii) List THREE tools that should be used to allow for the installation of the ironmongery
identified in (c) (i) above. (3 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2013
-8-
9. Figure 3 shows a pictorial drawing of an upholstered stool with the upholstery materials labelled
A, B, C, D, E and F.
Figure 3. Pictorial drawing of an upholstered stool
(a) Name EACH of the materials labelled A, B, C, D and E in Figure 3. (5 marks)
(b) Briefly explain FIVE processes that should be followed when applying the material
identified as ‘E’ in Figure 3. (10 marks)
(c) List FIVE tools that are generally used when upholstering furniture. (5 marks)

Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/F 2013
TEST CODE 01308020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
2 hours 40 minutes
23 MAY 2013 (p.m.)
4. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator in answering questions.

01308020/F 2013
-2-

01308020/F 2013
-3-
LIST OF FORMULAE

2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
Rise
——– = Pitch
Span
Area of wall
—————— = No. of blocks
Area of block

% Moisture Content = ———————————– × 100
Dry Weight
Span in mm
—————– + 50 mm = Depth in mm
24

01308020/F 2013
-4-
SECTION A
You are allowed to use EITHER freehand sketches OR ruler-assisted sketches in answering this
question, which is based on MODULES D5 to D9 of the syllabus – Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows,
Doors and Stairs. All sketches should be done to proportion. This question is worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the ground floor plan of a two-storey dwelling house which has the following
dimensions: 6.7 m long and 4.8 m wide. The foundation walls are constructed with 200 mm
hollow concrete blocks, the exterior walls are constructed with 150 mm hollow concrete blocks
and the floor, partitions and staircase are all constructed with timber.
Figure 1. Ground floor plan (not drawn to scale)

01308020/F 2013
-5-
The building which has a roof with a 1/3 pitch, is designed with a hip at one end, a gable at the
other, and a 300 mm overhang all around.
The staircase has a housed string 50 mm × 300 mm. Risers are 20 mm thick, treads 25 mm thick
and handrails are on both sides.
The partitions are built of 50 mm × 100 mm members and are cladded on both sides with 12 mm
ply.
The floor is constructed with 50 mm × 200 mm joists and covered with 19 mm tongue and groove
floorboards.
(Note: The upper floor plan is similar in external dimensions and shape to that of the ground floor.)
(a)
Produce a neat sketch of the roof plan showing the correct arrangement of all roof members.
(Only the outline of the external walls are required for this part of the question.)
(10 marks)
(b) Name FIVE roof members in the sketch produced in (a) above. (5 marks)
(c) Produce a neat, labelled sketch which shows rafters correctly fixed to a wall plate.
(4 marks)
(d) Name FOUR different types of roof coverings. (4 marks)
(e) Produce a neat sketch to show the vertical section B-B and label it. (Foundation and roof
details are not required.) (6 marks)
(f) (i) Name FOUR parts of the staircase in Figure 1 that can be identified when a detailed
vertical section at A-A is produced. (4 marks)
(ii) Describe, briefly, EACH of the FOUR parts named in (f) (i) above. (4 marks)
(iii) State the building regulations minimum dimensions for the following parts of a
staircase.
(1) Tread width
(2) Headroom
(3) Space between balusters (3 marks)
Total 40 marks

01308020/F 2013
-6-
SECTION B
2. (a) List THREE factors that MUST be considered when selecting a building site.
(3 marks)
(b) State THREE reasons for stripping a building site. (3 marks)
(c) (i) State FOUR reasons for hoarding a building site. (4 marks)
(ii) Explain the importance of any THREE of the four reasons stated in (c) (i)
above. (6 marks)
(d) Sketch TWO methods that can be used for checking the accuracy of 90° corners when
setting out a small building. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks
3. (a) Define EACH of the following terms:
(i) Concrete (2 marks)
(b) List THREE characteristics of aggregates used for making concrete. (3 marks)

(c) Explain THREE benefits to be derived from ‘proportioning’ or ‘batching’ a concrete
mix. (6 marks)
(d) List THREE uses of plastic in the building construction industry. (3 marks)
(e) Use sketches to show TWO types of natural defects in timber. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2013
-7-
4. (a) State THREE functions of a foundation. (3 marks)
(b) Use labelled, sectional sketches to illustrate the following types of concrete foundations:
(i) Strip (3 marks)
(ii) Raft (3 marks)
(c) Use a labelled sketch to illustrate the method of applying timbering in a trench dug in firm
soil. (4 marks)
(d) State ONE function of timbering. (1 mark)
(e) State THREE methods of ‘moist curing’ as it relates to concrete. (3 marks)
(f) List, in sequence, the first THREE steps in conducting a slump test as it relates to wet
concrete. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks
5. (a) State THREE functions of the external walls of a building. (3 marks)

(b) (i) Define the term ‘bonding’ as it relates to masonry walls. (2 marks)
(ii) Explain the importance of ‘bonding’ in masonry wall construction. (2 marks)
(c) Name THREE types of brick bonds. (3 marks)
(d) Sketch a stud partition with a door opening incorporated into it. (Note: The best
constructional practice MUST be shown.) (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2013
-8-
6. (a) State TWO functions of doors. (2 marks)
(b) State THREE functions of floors. (3 marks)
(c) Name THREE members of a timber floor. (3 marks)

(d) State ONE function EACH for any TWO members named in (c) above. (2 marks)

(e) Sketch TWO different types of windows. (6 marks)

(f) Explain briefly the correct sequence to be followed when applying varnish to a new door
surface. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks
SECTION C
7. (a) (i) List FIVE building trades. (5 marks)

(ii) State the main function of EACH building trade listed in (i) above.
(5 marks)
(b) (i) Use a simple flow chart to show the members of the building team listed below to
show their line of authority on a building site.
• Building contractor
• Engineer
• Client
• Architect (4 marks)
(ii) Explain the function of any THREE of the members listed in (b) (i) above.
(6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2013
-9-
8. (a) Use vertical sectional sketches to illustrate how the following methods of sewage disposal
work.
(i) Septic tank (5 marks)
(ii) Soakaway (5 marks)
(b) Define EACH of the following terms:
(i) Cesspool (2 marks)

(ii) Surface-water drain (2 marks)

(iii) Sewer pipe (2 marks)
(iv) Sewage (2 marks)
Total 20 marks
9. (a) (i) Identify FOUR factors which influence the design of a building. (4 marks)

(ii) Explain briefly how any THREE of the factors identified in (a) (i) above influences
the design of a building. (6 marks)
(b) (i) Describe THREE European architectural features that have influenced building
designs in the Caribbean. (6 marks)

(ii) Use sketches to illustrate any TWO of the features identified in (b) (i).
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2013
TEST CODE 01309020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I ‒ WOODS
2 hours 40 minutes
26 MAY 2014 (p.m.)
1. This paper consists of THREE sections. You MUST answer FIVE

questions.
Section A: You must answer the only COMPULSORY question in

this section.
Section B: You must answer THREE questions from this section.
Section C: You must answer ONE question from this section.
2. Use sketches where neccessary to support your answers.
3. Only sketches for Question ONE should be done on the drawing sheets
provided. ALL other sketches should be done in the answer booklet.
5. You are advised to take some time to read through the paper and plan
your answers.

114588

01309020/F 2014
-2-
SECTION A
1. Figure 1 below shows a pictorial drawing of a combined desk and bookcase. The bookcase shows
two compartments but it is to be redesigned to show three compartments. The lower compartment
labelled ‘X’ should be divided to store compact disks (CDs) and newspapers while the upper
compartment labelled ‘Y’ should be used to store textbooks. The top rail for the desk should be
redesigned to receive two small drawers for storing pens, pencils and other small items.
Figure 1. Sketch of combined desk and bookcase
(a) Using neat, proportional, ruler-assisted sketches, produce the following views of the
redesigned combined desk and bookcase:
(i) The correct view looking in the direction of arrow A. (12 marks)
(ii) The correct view looking in the direction of arrow B. (8 marks)
(iii) Identify EACH of the views by name. (2 marks)
(iv) Name THREE types of lines that are generally used for detailed working drawings.
(3 marks)
(b) State the MOST suitable wood joint to be used for EACH of the sections labelled C, D,
E and F in Figure 1. (4 marks)
(c) (i) State TWO suitable solid timber materials that may be used to make the frame for
the desk and bookcase. (2 marks)
(ii) State TWO types of suitable manufactured boards that can be used to make both
the desktop and the bookcase. (2 marks)

01309020/F 2014
-3-
(d) Name TWO methods that can be used to fix the table top to the frame. (2 marks)
(e) State how the back of the bookcase could be designed to prevent books from falling off.
(2 marks)
(f) The table below represents an incomplete Bill of Quantities for materials. Copy the table
and write, in correct order, the most important headings for EACH of the columns labelled
A, B and C. (3 marks)
TABLE 1: INCOMPLETE BILL OF QUANTITIES
A B C
Total 40 marks

01309020/F 2014
-4-
SECTION B
You are required to answer THREE questions from this section. EACH question is worth 20 marks.
2. (a) List FOUR advantages that manufactured boards have over solid wood. (4 marks)
(b) State TWO advantages and ONE disadvantage of EACH of the following methods used
for seasoning timber:
(i) Kiln (3 marks)
(ii) Air (3 marks)
(c) Use sketches to show the following:
(i) One type of seasoning defect (2 marks)
(ii) One type of growth defect (2 marks)
(d) Using suitable labelled sketches, show ANY TWO of the timber conversion methods
below:
(i) Quarter sawing
(ii) Plain sawing/Through and through
(ii) Tangential/Back sawing (6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2014
-5-
3. (a) State TWO specific uses for EACH of the following types of chisels:
(i) Bevelled-edge
(ii) Mortise (4 marks)
(b) Figure 2 shows the damaged/chipped edge of a chisel to be reconditioned.
Figure 2. Chisel with chipped edge
List, in sequential order, THREE steps that should be followed to remove the chipped edge
on the wood chisel. (6 marks)
(c) Using neat sketches, show the difference between the following angles in relation to
reconditioning the wood chisel shown in Figure 2:
(i) Grinding angle
(ii) Sharpening angle (4 marks)
(d) Use sketches to show TWO appropriate ways to fully use the entire surface of the oilstone
when reconditioning the chisel shown in Figure 2 to achieve the sharpness required.
(6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2014
-6-
4. (a) A picnic table made from timber is to be used as outdoor furniture. Suggest TWO suitable
types of finishing materials that could be used to protect the timber from exposure to
weather conditions. (2 marks)
(b) List THREE techniques that can be used to apply finishes to wooden furniture.
(3 marks)
(c) Name TWO types of wood stains. (2 marks)
(d) State THREE reasons for staining a piece of furniture. (3 marks)
(e) The following finishing materials are to be used to prepare a book stand to receive a clear
coat finish. Explain, in sequential order, how each material is to be used.
Hint: Sandpaper is to be used twice.
(i) Sealer (2 marks)
(ii) Wood filler (2 marks)
(iii) Shellac (2 marks)
(iv) Sandpaper (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2014
-7-
5. Figure 3 shows a pictorial view of a stationary jointer.
C
A
B
Figure 3. Pictorial view of a stationary jointer
(a) Name any FOUR of the parts labelled A, B, C, D and E in Figure 3. (4 marks)
(b) List THREE cutting operations that can be performed on the jointer. (3 marks)
(c) List THREE factors which determine the quality of the finish to be achieved when planing
on the jointer. (3 marks)
(d) Explain, using not more than two sentences for EACH process, the correct way to position
your hands when operating the jointer during the following processes:
(i) At the start of the cut
(ii) Halfway through the cut
(iii) Completing the cut (6 marks)
(e) Using a suitable sectional sketch, show the depth of cut that is made on the edge of a piece
of timber as it makes one pass over the cutter head of the jointer. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2014
-8-
6. Figure 4 shows the pictorial view of FOUR types of ironmongery used in cabinet work.
(a) Name EACH of the ironmongery labelled A, B, C and D in Figure 4. (4 marks)
(b) State the type of ironmongery MOST suitable for use in the following situations:
(i) attaching a wooden gate to a picket fence to enclose an outdoor garden and
(ii) securing/fixing one of two double doors in position (2 marks)
(c) Give ONE reason for selecting EACH type of ironmongery referred to in (b) (i) and (ii)
above. (2 marks)
(d) Name TWO materials suitable for making ironmongery exposed to climatic conditions.
(2 marks)
(e) Figure 5 shows the pictorial view of a bedside cabinet with one drawer and a door.
Centre line
Figure 5. Bedside cabinet
(i) Explain, with the aid of neat sketches, TWO layout processes that should be used
to locate the hole indicated by the centre line shown on the drawer in Figure 5.
(4 marks)
(ii) Explain, in sequential order, THREE steps to be taken to correctly install a pair of
hinges to the bedside cabinet door shown in Figure 5. (6 marks)
Total 20 marks
01309020/F 2014
-9-

01309020/F 2014
- 10 -
SECTION C
7. (a) State THREE features of EACH of the following cabinet construction methods:
(i) Framed carcase
(ii) Solid end carcase (6 marks)
(b) Name TWO materials that are used for cabinet counter tops. (2 marks)
(c) Name TWO types of ironmongery that are generally used for cabinet drawers.
(2 marks)
(d) Figure 6 shows the partial elevation of ONE corner of a rebated cabinet door.
Glass
X X
Figure 6. Partial elevation of a rebated cabinet door
(i) Produce a labelled exploded pictorial view to show the joint which is to be used
at the corner of the parts labelled A and B on the elevation. (6 marks)
(ii) Make a suitable labelled sketch of the section labelled X — X to show the method
to be used to keep the glass secured in the framing of the cabinet door.
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2014
- 11 -
8. Figure 7 shows part of a pedestal stem with three identical legs for a small kitchen table.
Stem
Leg
Figure 7. Stem of pedestal stand
(a) (i) Name THREE types of woodwork tools that may be used to cut the legs for the
pedestal stand. (3 marks)
(ii) List FIVE steps to be followed to layout and cut the three legs for the stand.
(5 marks)
(b) (i) Use neat, labelled sketches to show TWO different methods that can be used to
join the legs to the stem of the pedestal stand. (8 marks)
(ii) Name EACH of the joints produced in (b) (i) above. (2 marks)
(iii) Briefly explain ONE method which may be used to layout the position of the joints
for the three legs. (2 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2014
- 12 -
9. Figure 8 shows the pictorial drawing of an upholstered stool with an attractively piped border
along the bottom edges of the rails.
Figure 8. Pictorial drawing of upholstered stool
(a) (i) List FOUR upholstering tools required to upholster the seat of the stool.
(4 marks)
(ii) List FOUR types of upholstering materials that may be used for creating the
seat. (4 marks)
(b) State TWO different methods that can be used to provide support to the drop-on/removable
seat. (2 marks)

01309020/F 2014
- 13 -
(c) Figure 9 shows a defective chair seat that needs to have TWO of the webbing strips replaced.
Figure 9. Defective chair seat
Explain clearly how the following should be done to replace the webbing and restore the
chair seat:
(i) The stripping of old material
(ii) The placing of new material
(iii) The re-covering of the seat (6 marks)
(d) (i) Explain why webbing should be arranged in a laced formation. (2 marks)
(ii) Explain how the webbing should be stretched and tacked to the frame.
(2 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/F 2014
TEST CODE 01308020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION II ‒ CONSTRUCTION
2 hours 40 minutes
26 MAY 2014 (p.m.)
1. This paper consists of THREE sections. You MUST answer FIVE

questions.
Section A: You must answer the only COMPULSORY question in

this section.
Section B: You must answer THREE questions from this section.
Section C: You must answer ONE question from this section.
2. Use sketches where neccessary to support your answers.
3. Only sketches for Question ONE should be done on the drawing sheets
provided. ALL other sketches should be done in the answer booklet.
5. You are advised to take some time to read through the paper and plan
your answers.

114589

01308020/F 2014
-2-

01308020/F 2014
-3-
LIST OF FORMULAE
• Overhang = Rise/Run = X/overhang

Value of X = (Rise × Overhang)/Run
• True Length of Rafter = Total Rise 2 + Total Run 2
• 2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
Rise
= Pitch
Span
Area of wall
• = No. of blocks
Area of block
Wet Weight − Dry Weight

• % Moisture Content = × 100
Dry Weight
Span in mm
• + 50 mm = Depth in mm
24

01308020/F 2014
-4-
This paper is divided into THREE sections — A, B and C. You MUST answer the only question
from Section A, THREE questions from Section B and ONE question from Section C.
SECTION A
You are allowed to use freehand sketches or rule-assisted sketches to answer this question, which is
based on MODULES D5 TO D9 of the syllabus — Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and Stairs.
ALL sketches should be done to proportion. This question is worth 40 marks.
1. Figure 1 shows the floor plan of a dwelling house which measures 12.9 m long and 8.7 m wide.
The external walls are built of 150 mm hollow concrete blocks (plastered on both sides.) The
partition walls and floor are constructed of timber. The floor joists are 250 mm × 50 mm and floor
boards are 150 mm × 25 mm tongued and grooved. The window at B – B on the plan view is
constructed of wood and is of the type shown in Figure 2. The external doors are of the four flat
panel type with flush planted moulds and the internal doors are of the flush type. The building
is covered with a gable roof; the position of the roof is outlined on the plan by the broken lines.
The overhang is 300 mm all around.
12.9 m
B
B
DINING BEDROOM BATH
3.6 m
A BEDROOM A
6.6 m
8.7 m
DINING
5.1 m
LIVING
ENTRANCE
ROOF OUTLINE 5.8 m 3.8 m

Figure 1. Floor plan Figure 2. Window

01308020/F 2014
-5-
(a) (i) Produce a neat sketch of the vertical section of the wall and THREE joists at A – A
on the floor plan in Figure 1 to show the arrangement of the members of the timber
floor. (5 marks)
Note: Details of the foundation, window and roof are not required in your
response.
(ii) Label correctly any THREE parts of the timber floor section produced in (a) (i)
above. (3 marks)
(b) (i) Sketch a neat vertical section at B – B as indicated on the floor plan in Figure 1 to
show details of the window and frame in the concrete wall opening. (7 marks)
Note: Details of the foundation and roof are not required.
(ii) Label correctly any FOUR parts of the detailed sketch produced in (b) (i) above.
(4 marks)
(c) (i) Use a single line sketch to reproduce the shape of the external walls of the building
and produce a complete roof framing plan view of the gable roof as outlined in
Figure 1. (8 marks)
(ii) Label correctly any FIVE parts of the roof framing plan produced at (c) (i)
above. (5 marks)
(d) (i) State THREE functions of the external door as indicated on Figure 1. (3 marks)
(ii) Name TWO types of ironmongery designed for use on external doors.
(2 marks)
(iii) Name THREE types of ironmongery designed for use on the window in
Figure 2. (3 marks)
Total 40 marks

01308020/F 2014
-6-
SECTION B
You are required to answer THREE questions from this section. EACH question is worth 20 marks.
2. (a) List THREE reasons for stripping a building site. (3 marks)
(b) (i) List FOUR temporary services that a well-managed building site should provide.
(4 marks)
(ii) List THREE reasons for hoarding a building site. (3 marks)
(c) With the aid of labelled sketches and brief notes, explain:
(i) How corner profiles are positioned when setting out a small, L-shaped building as
shown in Figure 3. (6 marks)
Figure 3. L-shaped building
(ii) TWO methods of ensuring that the corners of the building are square. (4 marks)
Note: Write the name of the method directly under each sketch.
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2014
-7-
3. (a) List THREE characteristics of aggregates used in concrete. (3 marks)
(b) Define the term ‘proportioning’ in relation to a concrete mix. (2 marks)
(c) Briefly explain EACH of the following terms in relation to timber:
(i) Moisture content
(ii) Conversion
(iii) Seasoning
(iv) Dry rot
(v) Natural defects (10 marks)
(d) List FIVE uses of plastics in the building construction industry. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) State the main purpose of a slump test. (2 marks)
(b) (i) List THREE different types of brick bonds. (3 marks)
(ii) Sketch TWO of the brick bonds stated in (b) (i) above. (4 marks)
(c) State TWO functional requirements for foundations. (2 marks)
(d) List THREE different types of foundations. (3 marks)
(e) Sketch the THREE different types of foundations stated in (d) above. (6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2014
-8-
5. (a) State the MAIN function of stairs. (2 marks)
(b) Define the following terms used in the construction of stairs:
(i) Riser
(ii) Tread
(iii) Handrail
(iv) Baluster
(v) Newel post (5 marks)
(c) A new staircase is at the design stage, and the measurements taken on the site show that
the total rise is 2.16 m. If the height of each riser is taken as 180 mm, calculate
(i) the total number of risers required for the staircase
(ii) the total going of the staircase if the width of a tread is 240 mm wide.
(3 marks)
(d) Produce a labelled vertical sectional sketch, through a timber staircase with a housed string,
to show details of how a riser and tread are connected to the string and to each other.
(7 marks)
(e) A lacquer finish is to be applied to the staircase. List, in sequence, THREE steps required
to prepare the surfaces of the staircase before the finish is applied. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2014
-9-
6. (a) Make neat line drawings to illustrate EACH of the following types of roofs. Insert the
CORRECT name next to each drawing.
(i) Lean-to roof
(ii) Gable roof
(iii) Hip roof
(iv) Hip and valley roof (10 marks)
(b) List THREE advantages of using truss roof construction over traditional roof construction.
(3 marks)
(c) State TWO different types of ceilings. (2 marks)
(d) List FIVE types of roof covering materials. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks
SECTION C
7. (a) Use neat, labelled sketches to illustrate the following systems of sewerage disposal:
(i) Septic tank
(b) Briefly describe the operation of EACH of the following drainage systems in terms of
function, cost, advantage, disadvantage and effectiveness.
(i) Combined system of drainage
(ii) Separate drainage system (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2014
- 10 -
8. (a) (i) Name FIVE members of a building team.
(ii) Outline ONE responsibility of EACH member named in (a) (i) above.
(10 marks)
(b) State TWO jobs carried out on a building site by EACH of the following members of the
building trades:
(i) Carpenter
(ii) Electrician
(iii) Mason
(iv) Painter
(v) Plumber (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
9. (a) (i) List FOUR factors that influence the design of a building. (4 marks)
(ii) State how any THREE of the factors named in (a) (i) above EACH influence
building practices. (6 marks)
(iii) Explain how steep roof pitches usually found in American houses have influenced
roof pitches in Caribbean houses. (2 marks)
(b) Table 1 on the enclosed sheet, shows building components used in building construction
in the first column. The table also shows headings for English and Caribbean building
practices.
Select any TWO of the building components listed and for EACH compare the design and
materials for English and Caribbean building practices. (8 marks)
NOTE: An example for windows under the building component column is given as
a guide.
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2014
TEST CODE 01308020
CAR I B B EAN E XAM I NAT I O N S C O U N C I L

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION II ‒ CONSTRUCTION
Candidate No. : ____________________________ Centre No. :_______________________
Question 9 (b)
NOTE: An example for windows under the building component column is given as a guide.
TABLE 1: COMPARISON OF ENGLISH AND CARIBBEAN BUILDING PRACTICES
Building English Building Practices Caribbean Building Practices

Components Design Material Design Material
Example:
Windows Casement Timber Louvres Aluminium
Shape of building
Roof types
Wall construction
Floors
Stairs
01308020/F 2014
TEST CODE 01309020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I – WOODS
2 hours 40 minutes
25 MAY 2015 (p.m.)
3. Only sketches for Question ONE should be done on the drawing sheets provided. ALL
4. You may use a silent, non-programmable calculator to answer questions.

5048
5. This paper contains metric dimensions only. You should work your answers in the
metric system.

126304

01309020/F 2015
-2-
SECTION A
1. Figure 1 below shows an incomplete front elevation and outline of the end elevation for a storage
unit to be designed with TWO drawers with chamfered edges at the top and TWO raised panel
cupboard doors at the bottom section. The storage unit is built with 20 mm thick solid timber.
The dimensions for the storage unit are shown on both elevations.
Figure 1. Elevations of an incomplete storage unit

01309020/F 2015
-3-
(a) Produce a neat, rule-assisted sketch to show the completed front elevation of the storage
unit with the following features:
(i) TWO drawers (with chamfered edges) fitted with drawer knobs at D (3 marks)
(ii) TWO raised panel doors fitted with door knobs at E (12 marks)
(iii) FIVE main dimensions (5 marks)
(b) Produce a rule-assisted sectional drawing looking in the direction of the cutting plane A-A
to show the following details:
(i) The raised panel door (3 marks)
(ii) The base of the storage compartment (1 mark)
(iii) The plinth board (1 mark)
(iv) Labels for any FOUR parts of the section (4 marks)
(v) THREE main dimensions (3 marks)
Do not show details for the top of the unit or the drawer.

(c) List THREE suitable timber species that could be used to build the storage unit.
(3 marks)
(d) (i) Name TWO types of ironmongery that could be used to secure the raised panel
doors to the storage unit. (2 marks)
(ii) Name ONE type of ironmongery used for securing the drawers. (1 mark)
(e) Name a suitable jointing method for connecting EACH of the following parts of the storage
unit in Figure 1:
(i) The top rail to the side of the unit labelled B (1 mark)
(ii) The plinth board to the sides of the unit labelled C (1 mark)
Total 40 marks

01309020/F 2015
-4-
SECTION B
Answer THREE questions from this section.
2. Figure 2 shows the cross-section of a tree trunk with arrows indicating various parts.
Figure 2. Cross-section of a tree trunk
(a) Write the names for EACH of the parts of the tree trunk labelled A–F. (6 marks)
(b) State TWO methods that are used for the conversion of logs to timber. (2 marks)
(c) Name TWO methods used in seasoning timber. (2 marks)
(d) Use suitable sketches to show the following types of timber defects:
(i) Cup shake (2 marks)
(ii) Live knot (2 marks)
(iii) Star shake (2 marks)
(iv) Twisting (2 marks)
(v) Bowing (2 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2015
-5-
3. Figure 3 shows a pictorial view of a stationary table saw.
Figure 3. Pictorial view of a stationary table saw
(a) Write the names of EACH of the parts labelled A–E on the table saw. (5 marks)
(b) (i) Describe TWO safety procedures that should be carried out when preparing the
stationary table saw for ripping a piece of stock 1 200 mm long × 200 mm wide
× 25 mm thick. (4 marks)
(ii) List THREE personal safety equipment that should be worn when operating the
stationary table saw. (3 marks)
(c) State TWO other cutting operations, apart from rip and cross-cutting, that may be performed
on the table saw. (2 marks)
(d) Explain the process used to cross-cut a piece of stock to a length of 300 mm on the table
saw. (6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2015
-6-
4. Figure 4 shows a popular wood joint used in furniture construction.
Figure 4. Pictorial view of a wood joint
(a) (i) Name EACH part of the joint labelled A and B in Figure 4. (2 marks)
(ii) State TWO uses for this joint in furniture manufacturing. (2 marks)
(b) (i) List THREE tools that should be used when laying out the joint shown in
Figure 4. (3 marks)
(ii) Name TWO types of hand tools that are generally used when cutting the sides of
Part B. (2 marks)
(iii) Name ONE type of hand tool used for digging out the hole in Part A of the joint
in Figure 4. (1 mark)
(c) Use suitably labelled sketches to show the types of joints to be used in EACH of the
following situations:

(i) ONE joint to connect a drawer front to the drawer side (4 marks)
(ii) TWO types of joints used to increase the width of a wooden table top
(6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2015
-7-
5. (a) List FOUR types of finishes that are used on furniture to expose its natural grain structure.
(4 marks)
(b) Name TWO methods generally used to apply finishes to wooden furniture. (2 marks)
(c) State ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of EACH of the following:
(i) Water-based stains (2 marks)
(ii) Oil stains (2 marks)
(d) (i) Explain, in sequential order, TWO processes to be used when preparing the surface
of a book-shelf to receive an oil-based paint finish. (4 marks)
(ii) For proper application of the finish specified at (d) (i) above, briefly explain when
and how EACH of the following coats should be applied:
– Primer coat (2 marks)
– Undercoat (2 marks)
– Top/final coat (2 marks)
Total 20 marks
6. (a) Figure 5 shows types of ironmongery labelled A, B, C, D.
(i) State the name of EACH type of ironmongery shown in Figure 5. (4 marks)
(ii) State ONE use of EACH type of ironmongery shown in Figure 5. (4 marks)

(b) Name TWO common types of wood screws. (2 marks)

(c) Explain, with the aid of sketches, the sequential procedure for fitting a pair of butt hinges
to the lid of a box so that both the box and the lid are flush with the surface. (10 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2015
-8-
SECTION C
Answer ONE question from this section.
7. (a) Name FOUR types of materials used for doing upholstery work. (4 marks)
(b) (i) State ONE use EACH for any FOUR of the following types of upholstery tools:
– Upholstery hammer
– Stapling gun
– Pair of scissors
– Ripping chisel
– Sewing machine (4 marks)
(ii) State TWO reasons why the use of a stapling gun is largely replacing the use of
the tacking hammer in upholstery work. (2 marks)

(c) Figure 6 shows the platform of a chair frame to be fitted with a loose seat.
Figure 6. Platform of a chair frame
Explain FIVE sequential processes to be followed to upholster the loose seat with foam
padding and fabric. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2015
-9-
8. (a) Name THREE types of fasteners that may be used to secure a medicine cabinet to a concrete
block wall. (3 marks)
(b) Use suitably labelled sketches to illustrate EACH of the following methods used in cabinet
construction:

(i) Carcase construction (5 marks)
(ii) Framed OR panelled construction (5 marks)

(c) (i) State the names of TWO types of manufactured boards that may be used for carcase
construction. (2 marks)
(ii) List the names of TWO types of solid timber materials used for framed and panelled
construction. (2 marks)
(d) List THREE types of joints that may be used to secure shelves to a cabinet side.
(3 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2015
- 10 -
9. (a) List FOUR types of materials that are generally suitable for making household furniture.
(4 marks)
(b) Use neat sketches to show the front elevation of EACH of the following:

(i) A bedside table with a
– drawer
– framed door with raised panel (4 marks)
(ii) A cupboard with a flush panel door (3 marks)
(c) Name THREE wood working tools that are used to cut a curved shape on a chair arm.
(3 marks)
(d) Figure 7 shows a typical drawer for a kitchen cupboard.
Figure 7. Pictorial view of a cupboard drawer
(i) List THREE types of joints that are used for drawer construction. (3 marks)
(ii) Use a suitable sketch to show how the drawer bottom should be fitted to the drawer
side. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/F 2015
TEST CODE 01308020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
2 hours 40 minutes
25 MAY 2015 (p.m.)
5050
metric system.

126305

01308020/F 2015
-2-

01308020/F 2015
-3-
LIST OF FORMULAE
• Overhang = Rise/Run = X/Overhang

• 2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
Rise
——– = Pitch
Span
Area of wall
• —————— = No. of blocks
Area of block

• % Moisture Content = ———————————– × 100
Dry Weight
Span in mm
• —————– + 50 mm = Depth in mm
24

01308020/F 2015
-4-
SECTION A
based on MODULES D5 to D9 of the syllabus – Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and Stairs.
ALL sketches should be done to proportion.
1. Figure 1 below shows the floor plan of a small building that is constructed of 150 mm hollow
concrete block walls. The dimensions are as indicated on the plan. The floor is a 100 mm
thick, reinforced concrete slab on grade, with a 19 mm cement sand screed finish. The partition
(labelled ‘B’) is built of timber and covered with plywood on both sides. The building is covered
with a hip roof with a rise of 1.4 m and the rafters are spaced at 400 mm on centre. The overhang
is 300 mm all around.
Figure 1. Floor plan

01308020/F 2015
-5-
(a) (i) Produce a neat, two-dimensional sketch of the plan view of the hip roof portion
outlined in Figure 1 to show the correct arrangement of ALL the main roof framing
members. (12 marks)
NOTE: Do NOT show the entire roof.
(ii) Label THREE members of the hip roof. (3 marks)
(b) Name THREE types of roof covering materials. (3 marks)
(c) State THREE advantages of using roof trusses. (3 marks)
(d) (i) Produce a neat sketch of the vertical section at A-A on the floor plan in Figure 1
to show details of the reinforced concrete slab on grade. (8 marks)
NOTE: The foundation and roof details are NOT required.
(ii) Label THREE parts of the reinforced concrete floor slab on grade. (3 marks)
(e) List THREE functional requirements of floors. (3 marks)
(f) (i) Identify by name, ONE specific type of door best suited for the entrance of the
building in Figure 1 and ONE specific type of door best suited for the partition
labelled ‘B’ in Figure 1. (2 marks)
(ii) State the name of a type of window that swings open for use in the building in
Figure 1. (1 mark)
(iii) Name TWO types of ironmongery that can be fitted on the window named in
(f) (ii) above. (2 marks)
Total 40 marks

01308020/F 2015
-6-
SECTION B
2. (a) State THREE reasons for stripping a building site. (3 marks)
(b) State TWO purposes for EACH of the following as it relates to a building site:
(i) Temporary shelter (2 marks)
(ii) Temporary services (2 marks)
(c) State THREE reasons for hoarding a building site. (3 marks)
(d) With the aid of labelled sketches, show:
(i) How corner profile boards are positioned when setting out a small rectangular
building (6 marks)
(ii) TWO methods of checking to ensure that the corners of a small building are at 90
degrees (4 marks)
Total 20 marks
3. (a) State FIVE uses of plastics in the building construction industry. (5 marks)
(b) (i) Sketch the cross section of a tree trunk to show the following:
a) Bark
b) Cambium layer
c) Growth or annual rings
d) Heartwood
e) Sapwood
f) Pith (8 marks)
(ii) Use a neat sketch to illustrate ‘through and through’ (or slab) sawing as it relates
to timber conversion. (2 marks)
(c) State THREE characteristics of course aggregates used in concrete. (3 marks)
(d) State the ingredients used to produce mortar. (2 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2015
-7-
4. (a) Use brief sentences to explain the use of EACH of the following types of walls:
(i) Load bearing (3 marks)
(ii) Non-load bearing (1 mark)
(b) (i) List THREE types of brick bonds. (3 marks)
(ii) Sketch elevations of TWO of the brick bonds listed in (b) (i) above. (4 marks)
NOTE: No more than two rows of bricks/blocks are required.
(c) Make sectional sketches of EACH of the following types of foundations:
(i) Pad (3 marks)
(ii) Raft (3 marks)
(d) State THREE functions of foundations. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2015
-8-
5. (a) State THREE functions of windows. (3 marks)
(b) Make single line diagrams of EACH of the following windows:

(i) Louvre (2 marks)
(ii) Awning (2 marks)
(iii) Vertical sliding (2 marks)
(c) Define the term ‘glazing’ as it relates to doors and windows. (2 marks)
(d) Figure 2 shows a timber window frame with its parts labelled with letters.
Figure 2. Window frame
Write the names of the parts of the window frame indicated by the letters in Figure 2.
(5 marks)
(e) Sketch and name a timber door suitable for use on a garden shed. Use the letter ‘H’ to
indicate the positions of the hinges on the door. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2015
-9-
6. (a) State TWO main functions of stairs. (2 marks)
(b) A staircase has a total rise of 2.6 m, the height of a riser is 200 mm and the width of a tread
is 250 mm. Calculate the
(i) total number of risers in the staircase
(ii) total number of treads in the staircase
(iii) total going of the staircase. (5 marks)
(c) The building regulations provide a formula to ensure that staircases are designed with a
safe/comfortable slope (2R + G = 550–700 mm).
(i) Apply the formula to the staircase in (b) above. (4 marks)
(ii) Indicate, in ONE sentence, whether or not the stair is within safety regulations.
(1 mark)

(d) List, in correct sequence, FIVE steps to be followed in preparing the surfaces of a staircase
to receive clear varnish. (5 marks)

(e) List THREE ingredients used in the manufacture of oil paint. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2015
- 10 -
SECTION C
7. (a) Produce neat, labelled sectional sketches to illustrate the disposal of waste using EACH
of the following systems:
(i) Septic tank (5 marks)

(b) Briefly describe EACH of the following drainage systems:

(i) Combined (3 marks)

(ii) Separate (3 marks)
(c) State FOUR factors to be considered when deciding on the size of gutters and downpipes
required to efficiently dispose of roof water. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks
8. (a) A client requires a two-storey building designed and constructed for use as four apartments.
Briefly outline TWO responsibilities of EACH of the following members of the building
team in designing and constructing the apartments:
(i) Client (2 marks)
(ii) Architect (2 marks)
(iii) Building contractor (2 marks)

(iv) Engineer (2 marks)

(v) Quantity surveyor (2 marks)
(b) (i) List FIVE building trades. (5 marks)
(ii) State ONE function of EACH building trade listed in (b) (i) above. (5 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2015
- 11 -
9. (a) (i) List FIVE factors which influence building designs. (5 marks)
(ii) Briefly describe EACH of the factors listed in (a) (i) above. (5 marks)
that have influenced building design in the Caribbean. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2015
TEST CODE 01309020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I – WOODS
2 hours 40 minutes
23 MAY 2016 (p.m.)
metric system.

01309020/F 2016
-2-
SECTION A
1. Figure 1 shows the incomplete front elevation and an outline of the end elevation of a cupboard.
The dimensions for the cupboard and drawer are shown on the front elevation. The space
labelled A at the top of the cupboard is to be divided into two compartments. The lower
compartment should be designed to house a toaster oven whose height ranges between 200 and
250 mm, while the top compartment should accommodate a standard microwave with a height not
exceeding 300 mm. The main compartments for the unit are to be built using a combination of
19 mm thick plywood and 25 mm solid timber. Two cupboard doors built with 19 mm plywood and
a drawer built with 13 mm plywood are to be made and covered with plastic laminate and fitted
in the spaces labelled B and C respectively. The two doors and the drawer should be designed
to fit flush with the sides of the cupboard. The height of the drawer is 125 mm. The back of the
cupboard is to be covered with 6 mm plywood. The major dimensions for the combined unit are
shown on both elevations.
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES.
Figure 1. Elevations of cupboard

01309020/F 2016
-3-
(a) Produce a rule-assisted pictorial sketch of the incomplete unit shown in Figure 1.
(5 marks)
(b) Complete the pictorial view of the cupboard in (a) to show the following:
(i) The shelf separating the appliances in Section A (1 mark)
(ii) TWO flush cupboard doors at Section B fitted with door pulls (3 marks)
(iii) A drawer flush with the sides of the cupboard for Section C and fitted with drawer
knobs (2 marks)
(iv) The height of EACH compartment (2 marks)
(v) THREE other dimensions on the completed sketch (3 marks)

(c) Use neat, labelled sketches to show appropriate joints for the following connections:

(i) Fixing the shelf to the side panel (3 marks)
(ii) Connecting the drawer front to the drawer side (3 marks)

(iii) Fixing the drawer rail to the side panel (3 marks)
(d) Name THREE suitable types of solid timber that could be used to build the cupboard unit.
(3 marks)
(e) State the name of ONE type of ironmongery that is suitable for EACH of the following
applications:

(i) Fixing the doors to the frame/panel (1 mark)
(ii) Securing two cupboard doors for security (1 mark)
(iii) Securing the part labelled D in Figure 1 to the sides of the cupboard (1 mark)
(f) Name THREE hand tools and THREE woodworking machines that are suitable for building
the cupboard unit. (6 marks)
(g) Name THREE types of fasteners that are generally used in cupboard construction.
(3 marks)
Total 40 marks

01309020/F 2016
-4-
SECTION B
2. Figure 2 shows the pictorial view of a coffee table made from solid timber.
Figure 2. Pictorial view of a coffee table
(a) (i) Name TWO types of materials that are used to prepare the surface of the coffee
table before the finish is applied. (2 marks)
(ii) State ONE reason for using EACH of the materials named in (a) (i).
(2 marks)
(b) Two types of finishes for the coffee table are oil paint and lacquer.
(i) List FOUR ingredients used in the manufacture of oil paint. (4 marks)
(ii) Name TWO types of oils that can be used to give furniture a natural finish.
(2 marks)
(c) (i) Describe the first THREE steps of procedure to be followed when preparing the
surface of the coffee table to receive a mahogany stain finish. (6 marks)

(ii) Describe TWO procedures to be followed if the coffee table shown in Figure 2 is
to be sprayed using lacquer. (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2016
-5-
3. Various types of portable power tools and machines are used during the manufacture of household
furniture in woodwork shops.
(a) Name FOUR types of portable power tools that are used in the woodwork shop.
(4 marks)
(b) Figure 3 shows the pictorial view of a typical bench-top model drill press.
Figure 3. Pictorial view of bench-top drill press
(i) Name FOUR of the parts labelled A–E in Figure 3. (4 marks)
(ii) State the purpose of EACH of the parts labelled B and C. (2 marks)
(c) Describe FIVE sequential operations to be followed to correctly drill a 6 mm diameter

hole through the centre of a piece of timber 25 mm thick. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2016
-6-
4. In a woodwork shop, various types of hand tools are used in the manufacture of household furniture.
(a) Give the names of TWO hand tools used in EACH of the following situations:
(i) Smoothing the surface of wood (2 marks)
(ii) Cutting along and across the grain of wood (2 marks)
(iii) Boring holes in wood (2 marks)
(iv) Laying out patterns and designs on work pieces (2 marks)
(b) A group of students is assigned the task of making wooden stools. The joint to connect
the rails to the legs of the stool is shown in Figure 4.
Name TWO hand tools that are needed to construct this type of joint. (2 marks)
Figure 4. Mortice and tenon joint

(c) Explain the process involved in cutting EACH of the following to complete the joint in
Figure 4:

(i) The mortice in the legs (4 marks)
(ii) The tenons of the rails (6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2016
-7-
5. (a) Figure 5 shows four types of ironmongery labelled A–D that are generally used on various
types of furniture.
Complete Table 1, provided as an insert, by writing the correct name and use for EACH
type of ironmongery given in Figure 5. (8 marks)
(b) Name TWO suitable materials that are used to make ironmongery that is exposed to sea
conditions. (2 marks)
(c) Figure 6 shows the front elevation of a bedside table with a drawer at the top and an open
compartment below.
Figure 6. Elevation of a bedside table
(i) Using suitable sketches, show TWO methods which may be used to locate the
position for the centre hole to fit the drawer knob. (4 marks)
(ii) Describe THREE procedures used for laying out the position for the drawer knob
hole indicated by the + sign in Figure 6. (6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2016
-8-
6. Timber material often encounters a number of situations that may affect the quality desired.
(a) Use neat sketches to show EACH of the following types of timber defects:
(i) TWO seasoning defects (4 marks)
(ii) TWO growth defects (4 marks)

(iii) ONE conversion defect (2 marks)

(b) List THREE methods that are used to convert logs into boards. (3 marks)

(c) (i) State TWO advantages of natural seasoning. (2 marks)
(ii) State THREE advantages and TWO disadvantages of kiln seasoning. (5 marks)

Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2016
-9-
SECTION C
7. Figure 7 shows the framing of a stool to be upholstered with foam padding. The webbing for the
base of the stool is also shown.
Figure 7. Pictorial view of framed stool
(a) (i) Name TWO types of fabrics that are suitable for the upholstered furniture in
Figure 7 to be used by a family with pets and young children. (2 marks)
(ii) State TWO reasons why the materials named in (a) (i) are suitable choices.
(4 marks)
(b) List FOUR upholstery tools that are used to repair furniture containing foam padding.
(4 marks)
(c) Explain FIVE sequential steps to be followed to upholster the stool. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2016
- 10 -
8. The household furniture maker should have a good working knowledge of a variety of construction
types, such as flat frame, and stool and box construction, in addition to knowledge of curved shapes
and fastening techniques.
(a) Give the name of a joint suitable for use in EACH of the following situations:

(i) Connecting the stiles to the rail of a flush panel door (1 mark)
(ii) Fixing the rail to the leg of a dining table (1 mark)

(iii) Fixing a drawer bottom to the drawer side of a dresser (1 mark)
(b) List THREE types of materials that are suitable for the construction of household
furniture. (3 marks)
(c) Figure 8 shows the outline for a curved shape that is to be cut to form the top of the back
leg of a chair for use in an outdoor garden.
Figure 8. Outline of curved shape for back leg
(i) Name TWO tools which may be used to produce the curved shape. (2 marks)
(ii)
Name TWO suitable fasteners which may be used to strengthen the joints of the
chair. (2 marks)

(iii) Explain FIVE sequential steps which may be used to lay out and cut the curved
shape. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks

01309020/F 2016
- 11 -
9. Figure 9 shows the frame of a cabinet for a bathroom. The open area shown at the top of the cabinet
is to be designed to fit a circular-shaped face basin.
Figure 9. Cabinet frame

(a) (i) List FOUR suitable types of timber materials that could be used for making the
top of the cabinet to accommodate the face basin. (4 marks)
(ii) Give THREE reasons why manufactured boards are being used more frequently
than solid timber for cabinet construction. (3 marks)
(b) (i) Explain TWO main procedures to be followed to prepare the top of the cabinet to
receive the circular basin. (4 marks)
(ii) Use suitable sketches to show TWO methods that could be used to secure the top
to the cabinet frame. (6 marks)
(c) List THREE types of waterproof materials that could be used to protect the top of the
cabinet from moisture penetration. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01309020/F 2016
TEST CODE 01309020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
OPTION I – WOODS
Insert for Question 5 (a)
Candidate No.: ................................................... Centre No.: ....................................................
TABLE 1: NAMES AND USES OF IRONMONGERY
Type of Name Use

Ironmongery
TO BE ATTACHED TO YOUR ANSWER BOOKLET
01309020/F 2016
TEST CODE 01308020

EXAMINATION
BUILDING TECHNOLOGY
2 hours 40 minutes
23 MAY 2016 (p.m.)
metric system.

01308020/F 2016
-2-

01308020/F 2016
-3-
LIST OF FORMULAE
• Overhang = Rise/Run = X/Overhang

• 2R + T OR 2R + G = 550 mm to 700 mm
Rise
——– = Pitch
Span
Area of wall
• —————— = No. of blocks
Area of block

• % Moisture Content = ———————————– × 100
Dry Weight
Span in mm
• —————– + 50 mm = Depth in mm
24

01308020/F 2016
-4-
SECTION A
based on MODULES D5 to D9 of the syllabus – Walls, Floors, Roofs, Windows, Doors and Stairs.
ALL sketches should be done to proportion.
1. Figure 1 shows the ground floor plan of a two-storey dwelling house. The exterior walls are
built of hollow concrete blocks and the partition walls are built of timber with plywood covering
on both sides. The outline of the roof type chosen for the building is shown on the plan by
broken lines. The ground floor is a 100 mm thick reinforced concrete slab on grade, with 10 mm
cement/sand screed finish, while the upper floor is built of timber. The staircase is built from
timber and housed strings are used to secure the risers and treads.
Note: The upper floor plan has the same exterior shape and dimensions as the ground floor.
300 mm
DINING KITCHEN BED 1
2.4 m
5.4 m
B B
A
LIVING 2.4 m
A BATHROOM
300 mm
ROOF OUTLINE
UP
300 mm 300 mm
6.7 m
7.3 m
Figure 1. Ground floor plan of a two-storey dwelling house

01308020/F 2016
-5-
(a) In order to construct a stairwell in the upper floor of the house in Figure 1, the floor joists
have to be arranged so that the floor structure is not weakened.
(i) State TWO functions of a stair. (2 marks)
(ii) State the name of the term used to describe the method of arranging the joists to
create the opening. (1 mark)
(iii) Name THREE main timber members that are used to create the opening in the
upper floor. (3 marks)
(b) (i) State TWO functions of a roof. (2 marks)
(ii) Name the type of roof outlined in Figure 1. (1 mark)
(iii) Identify FIVE members of the roof. (5 marks)
(iv) List FIVE types of roof coverings. (5 marks)
(c) Name the type of partition used in the house in Figure 1. (1 mark)
(d) Make a neat, labelled sketch of the vertical section at A-A on the ground floor plan in
Figure 1 to show the following details of the wooden staircase:
(i) The riser and tread connected to each other to form a step (5 marks)
(ii) The riser and tread connected at their ends to the housed string (5 marks)
(e)
Produce a neat, labelled sketch of the vertical section at B-B on the ground floor plan in
Figure 1 to show structural details of the reinforced concrete floor slab on grade.
(10 marks)
Note: The foundation, upper floor and roof details are NOT required.

Total 40 marks

01308020/F 2016
-6-
SECTION B
2. (a) List FIVE factors that affect the choice of a building site. (5 marks)
(b) State THREE reasons for stripping a building site. (3 marks)
(c) A building is to be built upon a strip footing foundation. Make a neat sketch of a corner
profile to be used for setting out the building. Show the nail positions for the
(i) foundation trench
(ii) wall lines. (6 marks)
(d) Use sketches to illustrate TWO methods of testing right angles on a building site.
(4 marks)
(e) Give ONE example of EACH of the following as it relates to preliminary site work:
(i) Temporary service (1 mark)

(ii) Temporary shelter (1 mark)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2016
-7-
3. (a) Define EACH of the following:
(i) Concrete (3 marks)
(b) List FIVE properties of plastic. (5 marks)
(c) Mr Carpenter purchased timber from a lumber yard and found that the moisture content
was higher than the safe recommended level. Also, it was not treated against fungi and
insect attack.
(i) Explain ONE method Mr Carpenter can use to reduce the moisture content of the
timber. (4 marks)
(ii) The weight of a piece of the timber was 50 g. After drying, it weighed 42 g.
Calculate the moisture content of the piece of timber. (2 marks)
(iii)
Explain ONE specific method Mr Carpenter can use to treat the timber against
fungi and insect attack so that the treatment penetrates deep into the timber.
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks
4. (a) State THREE functions of a foundation. (3 marks)
(b) (i) Name TWO methods of excavation. (2 marks)
(ii) Briefly explain EACH method of excavation named in (b) (i) in terms of the tools
and equipment used. (5 marks)
(c) (i) Use sectional sketches to illustrate how the component parts of TWO of the
following types of foundations are assembled to provide support to buildings:
– Pad
– Pile
– Raft
– Strip (6 marks)
(ii) Label ONE sketch drawn in (c) (i) to show the following materials:
– Concrete
– Reinforcement steel/bars
– Earth
– Hardcore (4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2016
-8-
5. Figure 2 shows a sketch of a workshop building.
Figure 2. Workshop building
(a) A fink (W) roof truss is to be placed on the workshop building shown in Figure 2.
(i) Sketch a detailed front elevation of a fink (W) roof truss to show how the MAIN
members are connected. (7 marks)
(ii) Label FIVE parts of the roof truss sketched in (a) (i). (5 marks)
(b) (i) Name TWO types of ceilings. (2 marks)
(ii) State THREE functions of ceilings. (3 marks)
(c) The roof outline of the workshop building in F igure 2 has a span of 6 m and a rise of
2 m.
Calculate the true length of ONE common rafter from ridge to wall plate.
Note: The ridge board is 50 mm thick. (3 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2016
-9-
6. (a) State TWO functions of windows. (2 marks)
(b) State THREE functions of doors. (3 marks)
(c) A new wooden external door requires painting.
(i) Name the most appropriate type of paint to use and give a reason for your
answer. (2 marks)
(ii)
List THREE steps which must be followed before applying the selected paint to
the door. (3 marks)

(d) The workshop building in Figure 2 requires windows that allow maximum airflow and
maximum light into the building.
(i) Using single line diagrams, sketch THREE types of windows for use on the
workshop building. (6 marks)

(ii) Sketch TWO types of ironmongery suitable for the windows sketched in (d) (i).
(4 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2016
- 10 -
SECTION C
7. (a) Use labelled, single line sketches to illustrate the MAIN elements of EACH of the following
systems of drainage as it relates to waste disposal:
(i) Separate system (5 marks)

(ii) Combined system (5 marks)
(b) Briefly explain the purpose for EACH of the following:

(i) Soakaway (2 marks)

(ii) Septic tank (2 marks)
(c) Briefly define THREE of the following terms:
(i) Surface water drain
(ii) Inspection chamber
(iii) Sewage

(iv) Sewer

(v) Drain pipe

(vi) Cesspool (6 marks)
Total 20 marks

01308020/F 2016
- 11 -
8. (a) A construction project is running six weeks behind schedule due to repeated correctional
works by two different contractors.
(i) Describe the essential responsibilities of FOUR of the following members of the
building team on whom liability can be placed:
– Architect
– Building contractor
– Clerk of works
– Client
– Quantity surveyor (8 marks)
(ii) Based on the responsibilities of the members of the building team, determine which
is likely to be at fault. Write the title of that team member. (2 marks)
(b) State TWO functions of EACH of the following persons in the building trades:
(i) Carpenter (2 marks)
(ii) Electrician (2 marks)
(iii) Painter (2 marks)

(iv) Plumber (2 marks)

(v) Mason (2 marks)
Total 20 marks
9. (a) (i) List FIVE factors that influence the design of a building. (5 marks)
(ii) Briefly describe EACH factor listed in (a) (i). (5 marks)
that have influenced building designs in the Caribbean. A combination of French and
British architectural features may be used. (10 marks)
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
01308020/F 2016
TEST CODE 01374020

EXAMINATION
INDUSTRIAL TECHNOLOGY
OPTION C – BUILDING AND FURNITURE TECHNOLOGY
2 hours 10 minutes
1. This paper consists of FIVE compulsory questions.
3. Write your answers in the spaces provided in this booklet.
4. Do NOT write in the margins.
metric system.
7. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do so on the
original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided at the back of this booklet.
Remember to draw a line through your original answer.
8. If you use the extra page(s) you MUST write the question number clearly in the
box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where relevant, include the
question part beside the answer.

‘‘*’’Barcode Area”*”
01374020/F 2017 Sequential Bar Code
-4-
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

1. (a) State the difference between the natural and the built environment.
The natural environment includes the biotic and abiotic factors that occur naturally on the earth
..............................................................................................................................................
without human interference whereas the built environment is one that has been influenced
..............................................................................................................................................
by humans
..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(b) Figure 1 shows the ground floor plan of a residential building.

Figure 1. Ground floor plan
(i) Name EACH of the elements of the building labelled A–D.

door
A ..............................................................................................................................
B ..............................................................................................................................
window
C ..............................................................................................................................
stairs
D ..............................................................................................................................
wall
(4 marks)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
-5-
(ii) Explain TWO functional requirements for EACH of the building elements identified
as A, B and D on the floor plan.
allows entrance and exit, security
A ..............................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
ventillation, light
B ..............................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
enclose building, distribute load, weather proofing
D ..............................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
(c) The working drawing for the building in Figure 1 specifies that a strip foundation 450 mm
wide be constructed at the depth of 750 mm.
Produce a neat, labelled and dimensioned sectional sketch of a typical strip foundation for
the building.
wall
ground level
(6 marks)
Total 18 marks
01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
-6-

2. (a) A client needs advice on selecting and preparing a site for his residential dwelling.
(i) State TWO factors to consider when choosing the site.

cost, history, topography, access to facilities
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) Name TWO temporary services needed to enable site work.

gas, water, electricity, water closet

.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(iii) State TWO reasons for hoarding the building site.

protect equipment, prevent distraction, protect passerby, control the site
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
-7-
(b) Use suitable labelled line diagrams to show how the following tools are used to check the
squareness of a simple rectagular building:
(i) Builder’s square

(3 marks)
(ii) Tape measure using the 3:4:5 method

(3 marks)
01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
-8-

(c) Produce a labelled pictorial sketch to illustrate a typical corner profile board showing the
following details:
trench and wall line Trench lines and wall lines

somewhere in this
general area

(6 marks)
Total 18 marks
01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
-9-
3. (a) State the difference between hardwoods and softwoods.
hardwoods have broad leaves and produce seeds in hard shell while
..............................................................................................................................................
softwoods have needle shaped leaves and are none flowering

..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(b) Figure 2 shows the cross-section of a tree trunk with its parts labelled A–F. Name FOUR
of the labelled parts.
sapwood
A: ........................................................................................................................................
pith
B: .........................................................................................................................................
annual rings
C: .........................................................................................................................................
cambium layer
D: .........................................................................................................................................
bark
E: .........................................................................................................................................
medullar rays
F: .........................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 10 -

(c) A lumber yard dealer plans to convert a supply of logs into suitable lumber for building
contractors. He was advised to use the quarter sawing method of conversion.
(i) Suggest TWO disadvantages of the quarter sawing method of conversion for
producing lumber for the construction industry.
.................................................................................................................................
time consuming, produces waste, expensive
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

(ii) For the benefit of the lumber yard dealer, suggest ONE other method of timber
conversion that is suitable for producing lumber for the construction industry.
through and through
.................................................................................................................................
[plain sawing
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
(iii) Justify why the method of conversion stated in (c) (ii) is more suitable for
producing lumber for the construction industry by listing TWO advantages and
ONE disadvantage of that method.
cheaper to cut, produces more lumber
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

disadvantage, they tend to twist and bow
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 11 -
(d) On a building site, structural timber can be affected by distortion, vegetation growth, severe
weather and poor air circulation.
(i) To avoid wastage of material, outline THREE steps that should be taken to store
structural timber on a building site.
store in a well ventilated area
.................................................................................................................................
adequate spacing between stacks
.................................................................................................................................
store in sheltered area
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(ii) Calculate the moisture content for a sample of wood which weighed 24.5 grams
when wet and 18.6 grams when dried.
Note: You are required to state the formula and show all working.
mc = wet weight - dry weight x 100
dry weight
ans= 31.7% (?) if yes this is a terrible mc smh

(3 marks)
Total 18 marks
01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 12 -

4. (a) Give THREE examples of products that are made from EACH of the following building
construction materials:
(i) Plywood
.................................................................................................................................
me dog house, table, chair, desk, book, shelf
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(ii) Plastic
................................................................................................................................
kim kardasian, pipes, conduit, nylon
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................

(3 marks)

DO NOT WRITE HERE
or what

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 13 -
(b) Use single line diagrams to show the plan for the following roof types commonly used in
the Caribbean region:
(i) Gable
(ii) Hip
(iii) Hip and valley

(6 marks)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 14 -

(c) Figure 3 shows a line diagram representing a sectional elevation between two floors with
an open section to be fitted with a straight flight stairs. The height of each riser is 175
mm, the total rise is 2625 mm and the width of each tread is 300 mm.
Figure 3. Sectional elevation between floors to house a stairs
Determine by calculation:

(i) The total number of risers required
number of riser = total rise/ height of each rise

= 2625mm / 175
= 15
(2 marks)
(ii) The total going for the staircase
total going= going x number of treads (?)

=300 x 14
=4200
(3 marks)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 15 -
(iii) Whether or not the dimensions for the stairs meet the requirement for safety and
comfort
nope
(1 mark)
Total 18 marks

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 16 -

5. (a) Figure 4, shows three types of furniture making tools.
Figure 4. Types of furniture making tools
(i) Name EACH of the tools labelled A, B and C in Figure 4.
A ..............................................................................................................................

B ..............................................................................................................................
C ..............................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(ii) State ONE use for EACH tool identified in (a) (i).
A ..............................................................................................................................
B ..............................................................................................................................
C ..............................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(b) Give the names of TWO power tools that are used to obtain the hole required to fit a face
basin in a bathroom cupboard.
.............................................................................................................................................. DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 17 -
(c) Identify ONE machine EACH that is used to perform the following operations:
(i) Cutting irregular patterns on wood
jigsaw
................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
(ii) Producing a 45o edge on a piece of stock

tablesaw
................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
(iii) Producing the mortice in a table leg

chisel
................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
(iv) Converting a piece of square stock into a cylindrical shape

sander
................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 18 -

(d) Figure 5 shows the frame for a coffee table to be built from solid timber materials. The
rails are fixed to the table legs using mortice and tenon joints.
Figure 5. Frame of a coffee table
Outline THREE sequential steps of procedure to cut the tenon for the rails.
.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
Total 18 marks
END OF TEST
01357020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 19 -
EXTRA SPACE
If you use this extra page, you MUST write the question number clearly in the box provided.
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 20 -

EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................... DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01357020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 21 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01357020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
- 22 -

EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................................... DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/F 2017
Sequential Bar Code
TEST CODE 01374020

EXAMINATION
2 hours 10 minutes
metric system.

01374020/F 2018 Sequential Bar Code
-4-
DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA DO NOT WRITE IN THIS AREA

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
-5-
BUILDING AND FURNITURE TECHNOLOGY
Answer all questions.
1. (a)
Use suitably labelled freehand sketches to differentiate among ANY THREE of the
following timber defects:

(i) Bowing
(ii) Live knot
(iii) Split
(iv) Cup shake
(v ) Twists
(6 marks)
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
-6-
(b) Figure 1 shows the pictorial view of a chair made from solid timber and plywood. The
chair is designed to be used in the eating area of an early childhood educational centre.
Figure 1. Pictorial view of a wooden chair
(i) Outline THREE sequential steps to be followed to spray the wooden chair with
varnish.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
-7-
(ii) Suggest FOUR benefits to be derived from using stain as a finishing material on
the wooden chair in Figure 1 on page 6, prior to applying varnish.
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)
(iii) If the wooden chair, in Figure 1 on page 6, is to receive an oil-based paint finish,
describe how the following can be used as surface preparation materials:
Wood filler
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
Shellac/knotting compound
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
-8-
2. Figure 2 shows the floor plan for a single-storey dwelling house. The roof is designed with gable
and hipped ends as shown. The roof extends 300 mm beyond the external wall.
Figure 2. Floor plan of a single-storey dwelling
(a) On page 9 produce, using a neat single line diagram, a roof framing plan of the hipped
end of the roof in Figure 2 to show any FOUR of the following roof members:
(i) Hip rafter

(ii) Ridge board
(iii) Crown/principal rafter
(iv) Jack rafter
(v) Fascia board (6 marks)
Note: Only the outline of the external walls is required for this part of the question.

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
-9-

Space for diagram.
(b) (i) State the purpose of the ridge board in the design of the roof in Figure 2 on
page 8.
.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) Name FOUR types of roof coverings that are suitable for the roof in Figure 2.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 10 -
(iii) Use a suitably labelled sketch to show how a common rafter should be fixed to
the wall plate.
ridge board
rafter
joist
wall plate
overhang
(3 marks)
(c) If the total rise of the roof in Figure 2 is 1.5 m, calculate the actual length of the common
rafter.
true length = square root of total rise squared + total run squared
.............................................................................................................................................
overhang= rise/run - value of x/overhang
.............................................................................................................................................
total rise= value of x + original rise
.............................................................................................................................................
total run = run + given overhang
.............................................................................................................................................
value of x = rise x run x overhang
..............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
Note: You are required to list the formula and show your working. The overhang
should not be included.
(3 marks)
Total 18 marks
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 11 -
3. (a) (i) Define the term ‘concrete’.

concrete is mixture of fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, cement and
.................................................................................................................................
water that posses great compressive strength
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) List TWO manual tools that are used to prepare a batch of concrete.
trowel, jointer, brick hammer, chisel, mason's twine, mortar box, mortar hoe
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(iii)
Name TWO types of tests that are carried out on a concrete mix.
slump test, rebound hammer test, schmidt hammer test
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(b) Describe specific conditions that require the use of EACH of the following types of
foundations:
(i) Raft
.................................................................................................................................
This used for lightly loaded buildings on poor soils or where the the top 450 to
.................................................................................................................................
600 mm of soil is overlaying a poor quality substrata
.................................................................................................................................
(ii) Pad
These are used for most types of soil except for loose sands, loose gravels
.................................................................................................................................
and filled areas

.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(iii) Short-bored pile
.................................................................................................................................
These are used for domestic loadings where ground movements can occur
below the 1000m depth

.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 12 -
(c) Figure 3 shows part of a masonry block wall which is built on a sloping plot of land. The
wall is supported by a simple strip foundation at the substructure level.

Figure 3. Block wall on sloping plot of land

(i) Briefly outline TWO practical benefits of using a stepped strip foundation as an
alternative to the strip foundation shown on the plot of land in Figure 3.
.................................................................................................................................
1.This is the more economic option as the use of stepped foundations limit
the excavation and materials needed to create a foundation

.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
2.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) Use a suitably labelled sectional sketch to show how a stepped strip foundation
would be designed to produce the benefits you outlined in (c) (i).
(4 marks)
Total 18 marks
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 13 -
4. (a) Suggest TWO uses for EACH of the following types of wood joints in furniture construction:
(i) Dovetail joint
joining shelves to cabinet sides

.................................................................................................................................
joining horizontal partitions to sides
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(ii) Housing joint

shelves
.................................................................................................................................
book case
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(iii) Rebated joint

table
.................................................................................................................................
box
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 14 -
(b) Figure 4 shows a pictorial view of a table constructed from solid timber material.
Figure 4. Pictorial view of a wooden table

(i) Use a neat labelled sketch to show a suitable method to join pieces of timber to
achieve the width of the tabletop.

(3 marks)
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 15 -
(ii) Suggest THREE ways to secure the tabletop to the frame.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(iii) Outline THREE sequential steps to be followed to chop/dig out the mortise to fit
the tenon joint in the table leg shown in Figure 4 on page 14.
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 16 -
5. (a) A number of activities are generally considered when selecting and preparing a building
site for construction purposes.
(i) State THREE factors to be considered when choosing a building site.

History
.................................................................................................................................
Access to facillities
.................................................................................................................................
topography
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(ii) Name THREE operations that should be carried out when clearing a building site.
.................................................................................................................................
Removal of vegetation
clearing
.................................................................................................................................
demolition of old buildings

.................................................................................................................................
removal of debris
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 17 -
(b) Figure 5 shows an incomplete site layout plan with the location of the proposed building.
Generally, these sites are organized to enable efficiency in construction activities.
Figure 5. Site layout plan
(i) Use labelled single line boxes to show the location of EACH of the following
facilities on the site layout plan in Figure 5:
– Storage area for cement, aggregates

– General material storage
– Security post/site office
– Sanitary facilities and mess room (4 marks)
(ii) Outline, briefly TWO benefits of hoarding on a building site.
Prevent distraction, protect passerby, stop interference, prevents larceny

.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 18 -
(c) Use a neat freehand sketch to reproduce the site layout plan given in Figure 5 on page 17.
Include any FOUR of the following site plan symbols:
– Direction of North
– Property lines
– Location of the building/front setback
– Location of a proposed septic tank
– Location of a proposed water main/line
– Location of a proposed power line (6 marks)
Total 18 marks
END OF TEST
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 19 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 20 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 21 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
- 22 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/F 2018
Sequential Bar Code
TEST CODE 01374020

EXAMINATION
2 hours 10 minutes
metric system.

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019 Sequential Bar Code
-4-

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
-5-
BUILDING AND FURNITURE TECHNOLOGY
Answer all questions.
1. (a) (i) State TWO components of the natural environment.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) Define the term ‘built environment’.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
-6-
(b) (i) Define the term ‘climate change’.
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
(ii) Suggest TWO ways in which climate change negatively impacts the Caribbean.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(c) The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework
Convention on climate change.
Describe the Kyoto Protocol.
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(d) State ONE advantage and ONE disadvantage of using EACH of the following building
structures:

(i) Framed building structure
Advantage
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
Disadvantage
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
-7-
(ii) Solid building structure
Advantage
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
Disadvantage
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(e) Using the plan of the small building given in Figure 1, insert the symbol used to represent
EACH of the following structures indicated by the labelled arrows:
• A single door
• A window
• TWO circular columns at the corners of the small section
• A step outside the door to include a landing, two threads and three risers
Figure 1. Plan of small building

(6 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
-8-
2. (a) Define EACH of the following terms associated with site works:
(i) Backfilling
.................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(ii) Earthing
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(iii) Salvaging
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(b) List THREE responsibilities of a building contractor.
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
-9-
(c) Figure 2 shows a picture of one type of excavator used in completing the foundation for a
building. Tests have shown that the solid rock is approximately 2 metres below the top-
soil.
Figure 2. Excavator
Outline THREE operations that would be involved in completing the excavation required
for the foundation.
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 10 -
(d) A variety of tests is used to ensure that subsequent mixes of concrete are of the same
consistency. Figure 3 shows the results of slump tests conducted on three separate samples
of concrete, labelled I–III that were taken from a construction site.
Figure 3. Results of slump test on concrete samples
Analyse EACH of the THREE samples in Figure 3 with respect to the desired properties
of concrete, and outline your interpretation of EACH sample.
I
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
II
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
III
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 11 -

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 12 -
3. (a) Differentiate between a ‘hip roof’ and a ‘gable roof’ in relation to the type of rafters used.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(b) Figure 4 shows the ground floor outline of a T-shaped building. A roof is to be designed
to thoroughly cover the building. The roof design should allow water to run off on each
side of the building.
Figure 4. Ground floor outline of a T-shaped building
(i) On the ground floor outline of the building in Figure 4, sketch a suitable roof plan
that meets the criteria given above. (3 marks)
(ii) Label FOUR of the roof members sketched on Figure 4. (4 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 13 -
(c) (i) State THREE sequential steps used in constructing a ‘hipped and valley’ roof.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(ii) Calculate the length of the ridge for the roof design of Section A of the building
in Figure 4. Show ALL steps in your calculation.
(3 marks)
(d) (i) State ONE advantage of using EACH of the following as a roof covering.
Shingles
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
Corrugated roof sheeting
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) State ONE disadvantage of using a corrugated roof sheeting:
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 14 -
4. (a) State TWO methods of sewage disposal.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(b) Table 1 shows types of plumbing pipes, the materials from which they are made, their uses
and methods of joining.
Complete Table 1 by inserting the missing plumbing information in the spaces labelled
(i)–(iv).
TABLE 1: PLUMBING MATERIALS AND THEIR USES
Type of Pipe Type of Material Suitable Usage Method of Joining
Galvanized steel Metallic (iii) Threaded
Copper Metallic Hot or cold running water (iv)
(i) Plastic Cold running water or waste Socket or threaded
(ii) Plastic Hot and cold running water Socket or threaded
(4 marks)
(c) Explain the functions of any THREE of the following plumbing fittings in a building
situation:
• Traps
• Elbows
• Valves
• Tees
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 15 -
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
(d) A concrete, cylindrical water storage tank measuring 1.2 m in diameter and 1.8 m high is
to be installed at a dwelling house. This storage tank is to be filled with drinking water.
Calculate EACH of the following measurements of the storage tank based on the dimensions
given. Show ALL steps in your calculation.
(i) Circumference of the base of the storage tank

(ii) Volume of the storage tank
(6 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 16 -
5. Figure 5 shows the design of a wooden shelf unit that is to be constructed for an office.
Figure 5. Wooden shelf unit
(a) Suggest TWO natural timbers and ONE man-made board that can be used in the construction
of the shelf unit in Figure 5.
Natural timbers
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
Man-made board
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 17 -
(b) (i) State ONE advantage of EACH of the following types of materials for use in
constructing the shelf unit in Figure 5.
Natural timbers
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
Man-made boards
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) State TWO disadvantages, other than size, of using EACH of the following types
of materials in constructing the shelf units in Figure 5.
Natural timbers
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
Man-made boards
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 18 -
(c) Suggest THREE timber joints that can be used to join the parts of the shelf unit in
Figure 5.
...........................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(d) (i) List THREE steps of the procedure required to glue the parts of the shelf unit
together.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 19 -
(ii) List THREE sequential steps of procedure for the safe use of the jointer when
surfacing natural timber to the desired thickness for the parts of the shelf unit.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
Total 18 marks
END OF TEST
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 20 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 21 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
- 22 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2019
Sequential Bar Code
TEST CODE 01374020

EXAMINATION
2 hours 10 minutes
metric system.

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021 Sequential Bar Code
-4-
1. Figure 1 shows a concrete footing that is to be constructed to support a foundation wall of a
building. The concrete footing is to be 7620 mm long, 609 mm wide and 203 mm thick. An
appropriate steel mat is to be constructed to reinforce the concrete.
Concrete
footing
Steel mat
Figure 1. Concrete footing with steel mat
(a) (i) Determine the dimensions of the steel mat that should be built in order to allow
for 38 mm concrete coverage at all ends. Show all working.
concrete footing = length x width x height
coverage = length or width - (new mat + new mat)
length= length - new mat x 2 (???????)

length= 7620 - 76
=7544
width = 609 - 76
=533
7544
Length = ..................................................................................................................
533
Width = ..................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
-5-
(ii) Outline the steps, in sequential order, for constructing a simple steel mat for a
footing area.
1. Look at Plan 2. Select the Equipment 3. Get Materials
.................................................................................................................................
4. Mark and Measure
.................................................................................................................................
5.Cutting
.................................................................................................................................
6. Assemble
.................................................................................................................................
7. Tie
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(b) State TWO components of the built environment.

Roads, Bridges, Buildings, Dams
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(c) Suggest TWO reasons for the decrease in soil quality in the Caribbean region.
Soil Erosion, Poor Agricultural Practices (slash and burn), Acid Rain
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
-6-
(d) Explain the functions of EACH of the following aggregates in a concrete mix.
Cement The
...............................................................................................................................
cement binds the different components of the mix together it is an important
ingredient due to its ability to hold the structure together

...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
Sand ...............................................................................................................................
Sand increases the workability of the concrete making it easily pasted and
...............................................................................................................................
it also provides bulk to the concrete and indirectly helps increase the strength
...............................................................................................................................
of the concrete
Stone ...............................................................................................................................
Stones provide compressive strength and bulk to the concrete mix, they help
making the concrete more compact

...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
(e) State TWO types of concrete.

Normal, Moderate, Low-Heat, High Early Strength/ Rapid Hardening, Aluminum
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
-7-
2. Figure 2 shows the layout of a building foundation.
Trench Line
Batten Boards
Corner profiles
Figure 2. Building foundation layout
(a) List SIX tools that could be used for laying out the building foundation shown in
Figure 2.
1. Builders Square
.............................................................................................................................................
2. 345 triangle
.............................................................................................................................................
3. Profile Board
.............................................................................................................................................
4. Mason's Twine
.............................................................................................................................................
5. Measuring Tape
.............................................................................................................................................
6. Theodolite
.............................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
(b) On Figure 2, make neat, labelled sketches to show the position of EACH of the following.

(i) Batten boards
(ii) Corner profile boards
(iii) Trench lines

(6 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
-8-
(c) With the aid of labelled drawings, show TWO methods of squaring the corners of the
building layout.
Main setting outline
Profile Boards
Checking Squareness
Using Profile Board
Diagonal Checks
Checking squareness using pythgorus

theorem with 345 triangle
(6 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
-9-
3. (a) Trees are classified into two groups. In the table below, place a tick () under the appropriate
heading to indicate the group to which EACH of the trees belongs.

Tree Hardwood Softwood
Mahogany
Cedar
Pine
Birch
(4 marks)
(b) Figure 3 shows the cross-section of a tree trunk with its parts labelled D and E.
Name the TWO labelled parts.

Pith
D ........................................................................................................................................
Annual Rings
E ........................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)


01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 10 -
(c) Figure 4 shows a timber log which is to be converted into several boards for a timber floor
structure using the plain sawing method.
Figure 4. Timber log
(i) Suggest TWO advantages of plain sawing.

Cheaper to cut, dries rapidly, more lumber is produced, lower unit cost
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) Suggest ONE disadvantage of any other method of timber conversion.
.................................................................................................................................
Quarter saw- produces a lot of waste
.................................................................................................................................
(1 mark)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 11 -
(d) On a building site, structural timber can be affected by distortion, vegetation growth, severe
weather and poor air circulation. Outline, in sequential order, THREE steps that should
be taken to store structural timber on a building site.
1. Erect structure that allows ventillation to store timber
.............................................................................................................................................
2. Make sure the surface is stable and evenly structured to prevent sinking
.............................................................................................................................................
3. Place timber vertically on pellets
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
(e) Calculate the moisture content for a sample of wood which weighed 29.5 grams when
wet and 25.6 grams when dried.
Note: You are required to state the formula and show all working.
MC = Wet Weight - Dry Weight x 100
Dry weight
MC= 29.5 - 25.96 x 100 = 354

25.6
This would be a suitable mc because

it falls between 11% and 22%
13.8 %
Moisture content = ……………………………………………………………...…
(3 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 12 -
4. Figure 5 shows the ground floor plan of a residential building. A hip roof is to be
constructed for the building.
Figure 5. Ground floor plan of residential building
(a) Make a neat sketch to show the side elevation of the roof, labelled A, in Figure 5.
(1 mark)
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 13 -
(b) Produce a labelled line diagram (plan view) of the hip roof in Figure 5 on page 12. Number,
in sequential order, the first THREE roof members that should be installed.
(5 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 14 -
(c) (i) State TWO functions of EACH of the following building elements as indicated
on the floor plan in Figure 5 on page 12.
Door
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
Roof
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)
(ii) Suggest TWO advantages of using trusses.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(d) (i) List THREE types of roof covering materials.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
(ii) List THREE types of building foundations.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
Total 18 marks

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 15 -

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 16 -
5. Figure 6 shows a free-standing bookrack made of pitch pine.
SIDE
SHELF
SIDE
Figure 6. Free-standing bookrack
(a) List FOUR hand tools which can be used when constructing a bookrack.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(4 marks)
(b) List THREE joints that can be used to connect the shelf to the sides of the bookrack in
Figure 6.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)

01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 17 -
(c) Outline THREE sequential steps for constructing the bookrack in Figure 6 on page 16.
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
(6 marks)
(d) (i) State TWO types of wood finishes (chemical and other applications).
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(2 marks)
(ii) Suggest THREE benefits of sealing wood grain when finishing a timber product.
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................
(3 marks)
Total 18 marks
END OF TEST
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 18 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 19 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................................................
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 20 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code
- 21 -
EXTRA SPACE
Question No.
01374020/MJ/CSEC 2021
Sequential Bar Code

Csec Industrial Technology: Building and Furniture Technology

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Csec Industrial Technology: Building and Furniture Technology

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Caribbean Examinations Council

CSEC® PAST PAPERS

( 18 MAY 2007 (p.m.) )

SECTION B: You must answer THREE questions from this section.

SECTION C: You must answer ONE question from this section.

3. Use sketches when necessary to support your answers.

4. Silent electronic calculators may be used.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright© 2005 Caribbean Examinations Council®.

(i i) Add FOUR mai n dimensions to the sketch.

(iii) Sketch an end elevation of the bench. Add TWO dimensions.

(b) Make exploded sketches to show the following details:

(i) Joint used to secure leg to rails

(ii) Joint used to secure apron to leg

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

(b) (i) List THREE advantages of natural seasoning.

(ii) List FOUR advantages and THREE disadvantages of kiln seasoning.

(b) (i) Explain EACH of the following finishing processes:

(ii) A project made from pine, to be finished in a mahogany shade.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

c) Hole for a countersunk head screw

d) Hole through thin timber

e) Straight deep hole (5 marks)

d) Chamfer of long stock

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

6. (a) (i) Name FIVE types of hinges.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

(ii) Make a labelled cross-sectional sketch X -X to show the arrangement to keep

d) Drawer bottom (4 marks)

(iii) Name TWO common methods of producing curved wooden members.

(b) Sketch TWO methods of

(ii) supporting adjustable shelves in cabinets. (10 marks)

( 18 MAY 2007 (p.m.) )

SECTION B: You must answer THREE questions from this section.

SECTION C: You must answer ONE question from thi s section.

3. Use sketches when necessary to support your answers.

4. Silent electronic calculators may be used.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright © 2005 Caribbean Examinations Council ®.

NOTHING HAS BEEN OMITTED.

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

BUILDING TECHNOLOGY- CONSTRUCTION

2R + 1T (2R + 1G) = 550 mm - 700 mm

Pitch x Span = Rise

Area of wall = No. of blocks

% Moisture Content = Wet weight - Dry weight x 100

Joint sizing Span in mm + 50 mm = Depth in mm

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

150 mfu""'t..l 1700 mm 1680 mm

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

(ii) Show FOUR main dimensions and label FIVE parts.

4. (a) State THREE functions of foundations . (3 marks)

(ii) Name THREE members of a roof truss. (10 marks)

(b) List FIVE different types of roof coverings. (5 marks)

(c) (i) List TWO types of ceilings. (2 marks)

(ii) State THREE functions of ceilings. (3 marks)

(iii) Total going I run (6 marks)

(c) A new timber staircase is to be painted.

(d) List FIVE floor finishes. (5 marks)

GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE

(b) Use labelled sketches to illustrate EACH of the following: