THERMAL AND STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS

FOR TURBINE BLADES.

  Submitted by
 
S.AKASH (611518101001)

F.FAROOK AL (611518101007)

J.MUGESH KANNA (611518101012)

Guide by
Mr . P.S.KARTHIK KUMAR M. E
(Asst. professor)
Dept of mechanical
ABSTRACT
The model is done in Solid Works 2014 as per the standards. Solid model is then imported to ANSYS
15.0 workbench environment so as to perform thermal and static structural analysis. In thermal
analysis, the model is given heat flux, convective heat transfer and ambient gas temperature and then
is solved for temperature distribution over the blade. The obtained temperature distribution is taken as
the thermal load into the static structural analysis. In static structural analysis, the model is given
BCs and structural loads centrifugal force, tangential force and pressure. The model is then solved for
stress, strain and deflections. The von-Misses stress and Total deformation plots are taken for various
operating conditions i.e., temperatures and speeds. The results are then compared for variable gas
temperatures and turbine speeds. An attempt is also made to suggest best material through comparing
the results obtained from the analyses of three different materials (aluminium 7075-T6, titanium
alloy & inconel718) of a turbine blade.
INTRODUCTION
Turbine Engines

The gas turbine in its most common form is a rotary heat engine operating by means of series of
processes consisting of compression of air taken from the atmosphere, increase of gas
temperature by constant-pressure combustion of the fuel in the air, expansion of hot gases and
finally discharge of the gasses to the atmosphere, the whole process being continuous.
TYPES OF JET ENGINES
LITERATURE SURVEY
G. Narendranath et.al. examine the first stage rotor blade off the gas turbine analyzed
using ANSYS 9.0. The material of the blade was specified as N155. Thermal and
structural analysis is done using ANSYS 9.0 Finite element analysis software. The
temperature variations from leading edge the trailing edge on the blade profile is varying
from 839.5310C to 735.1620C at the tip of the blade. It is observed that the
maximum thermal stress is 1217 and the minimum thermal stress is the less than the
yield strength value i.e., 1450
LITERATURE SURVEY
R d v Prasad et.al. Examine steady state thermal& structural performance for N155& Inconel 718
nickel chromium alloys. Using finite element analysis Four different models consisting of solid blade
and blades with varying number of holes (5, 9&13 holes) were analyzed of cooling holes. The analysis
is carried out using ANSYS software package. While comparing materials, it is found that Inconel
718 is better suited for high temperature .the graphs drawn for temperature distribution, von
misses stresses and deflection, the blade with 13 holes is considered as optimum. The induced
stresses are minimum and the temperature of the blade is close to the required value of 800C.
DEFINITION OF PROBLEM
 The definition of the problem is to know the response of the stresses on the blade to the variations in

gas temperatures & turbine speeds. In this project we performed structural and thermal analysis by
applying different materials.

 Modelling of the turbine blade is done using SOLIDSWORKS 2014, which facilitates collaborative

engineering across various disciplines. The thermal and static structural analysis of turbine blade is

done using ANSYS 15.0, which is a dedicated finite element package used for determining the

temperature distribution and heat flux, variation of stress and deformation across the turbine blade.
MATERIALS TO BE USED
 ALUMINIUM 7075-T6

 TITANIUM ALLOY

 INCONEL718
OBJECTIVE OF RESEARCH
 The objective of the present investigation is to develop an integrated finite element method to
analyze the structure and thermal analysis of the turbine blade with aluminum 7075-t6,

inconel718 and titanium alloy material.

 From the FEM analysis titanium alloy material has the best results when compared to the

aluminum 7075-t6, inconel718 materials.

MATERIAL PROPERTIES
MATERIALS YOUNG'S POISSON’S DENSITY ULTIMATE THERMAL SPECIFIC
MODULUS (PA) RATIO (G/M3 ) TENSILE CONDUCTIVITY HEAT
STRENGTH (W/M°C) (J/KG°C)
(MPA)

ALUMINIUM 71.7E9 0.33 2810 572 MPa 130 314

7075-T6

INCONEL718 9E10 0.34 6870 1.01 × 109 165 450

TITANIUM 9.61E10 0.48 4620 1.07× 109 21.9 522

ALLOY
METHODOLOGY
PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

DEFINE & SET OBJECTIVE

LITERATURE SURVEY

MODELLING

FEA ANALYSIS

RESULTS & CONCLUTION

RESULTS COMPARISON
Structure Analysis Thermal Analysis
 Equivalent stress  Heat transfer

 Equivalent strain  Heat flux

 Total deflection
SOFTWARE'S TO BE USED

DESIGN THE TURBINE ENGINE BLADE

(by using of SOLIDWORKS 2014 software)

ANALYSIS THE TURBINE ENGINE BLADE

(by using of ANSYS 15.0 software)
DESIGNED SOLIDWORKS 2014
MODEL

TURBINE ENGINE BLADE ISOMETRIC VIEW

TURBINE ENGINE BLADE

LEFT SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW RIGHT SIDE VIEW

Generating the Mesh

Meshing of turbine engine blades using ANSYS design modeler

BOUNDARY CONDITIONS

The Violet and Red Color Face Of the Model Displaying the Fixed Support and Pressure
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF BLADE (ALUMINUM 7075-T6)

The Max Equivalent Stress = 205.22 Mpa The Max Equivalent Strain = 0.0011506
STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF BLADE (ALUMINUM 7075-T6)

Total Deformation = 0.094723 mm

STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF BLADE (INCONEL718)

The Max Equivalent Stress = 167.22 Mpa The Max Equivalent Strain = 0.00093753
STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF BLADE (INCONEL718)

Total Deformation = 0.077182 mm

STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF BLADE (TITANIUM ALLOY)

The Max Equivalent Stress = 114.01 Mpa The Max Equivalent Strain = 0.00063922
STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF BLADE (TITANIUM ALLOY)

Total Deformation = 0.052624 mm

THERMAL ANALYSIS OF BLADE (ALUMINUM 7075-T6)

Heat Transfer = 838.18 ‘c Total Heat Flux = 0.73409 W/mm2

THERMAL ANALYSIS OF BLADE (INCONEL718)

Heat Transfer = 780.45 ‘c Total Heat Flux = 1.0104 W/mm2

THERMAL ANALYSIS OF BLADE (TITANIUM ALLOY)

Heat Transfer = 733.51 ‘c Total Heat Flux = 1.2422 W/mm2

RESULTS COMPARISON OF TURBINE BLADE
STRUCTURE ANALYSIS

       
MATERIALS EQUIVALENT STRESS EQUIVALENT TOTAL DEFORMATION
(Mpa) STRAIN (mm)
 

       
ALUMINIUM 7075-T6 205.22 0.0011506 0.094723

       
INCONEL 718 167.22 0.00093753 0.077182

       
TITANIUM ALLOY 114.01 0.00063922 0.052624
 
RESULTS COMPARISON OF TURBINE BLADE
THERMAL ANALYSIS

     
MATERIALS HEAT TRANSFER TOTAL HEAT FLUX
(‘C) (W/MM2 )
 
     
ALUMINIUM 7075-T6 838.18 0.73409
 
     
INCONEL 718 780.45 1.0104

     
TITANIUM ALLOY 733.51 1.2422
 
CONCLUSION
• The finite element analysis for structural and thermal analysis of turbine rotor blade is carried out
using solid95 element. The temperature has a significant effect on the overall turbine blades. Maximum
elongations and temperatures are observed at the blade tip section and minimum elongation and
temperature variations at the root of the blade. Maximum stresses and strains are observed at the

root of the turbine blade and upper surface along the blade roots three different materials of

construction i.e., aluminum 7075-T6, titanium alloy & inconel718 materials. It is found that the
temperature has a significant effect on the overall stresses induced in the turbine blades. The blade

temperatures attained and thermal stresses induced are lesser for titanium alloy as it has better
thermal properties compared to other two materials (aluminum 7075-T6 & inconel718).