Rise of Sea Level causes:

• Islands will disappear

• Forced migration
• Land loss
• Impact on transportation
• Trigger disaster related loss-damage
• Habitat loss
• Infrastructural damage

El Nino.

1. Fertilizer
2. Temperature
3. Precipitation
4. Sea level rise

According to the documentary, Bangladesh is a country that unfortunately has one of the worst
locations possible. In terms of geographical. It’s not just a small country nearest to the sea but
it’s also situated under areas that has huge mountains and hills and the rivers that they mention.
The rivers are one of the main problems in the country. It may be natural but due to climate
change recently in the country, the rivers have risen to worse outcomes for the river side rural
areas. First, the main cause was the Himalayas and the river torrents that run down from there.
The Himalayas has ice on top and due to climate change, the world becoming hotter, it is meant
to melt and fall to the river torrents more often now thus causing the rivers to even rise above the
embankments or cement dikes. The Meghna River seems to have become a nine-kilometer-wide,
moving water mass, which flows ten times faster than the Rhine. Meghna has fallen deep into the
ground and literally rips the soil under the feet of the inhabitants. So, most of the rural people in
Bangladesh that estates beside the river or even near the rising sea are slowly turning into climate
refugees because they cannot stay in those places anymore. Their houses are either swallowed by
the river or damaged by other natural disaster. And what we learned from this documentary is
that, for now, there are around 5 to 6 million people which they now consider, climate refugees
but from what they are really showing is that giving this country more years in the future, 20% of
Bangladesh will be under water or sea which will make the country unstable to live in and all the
Bangladeshis will be labelled as climate refugees, as what the director of International Centre for
Climate Change & Development said.
There are more than one or two adversities that the climate refugees face every day according to
the documentary. Keeping aside the tragic memory of not only losing their only home, but also
that place where they grew up, they have to move to another unfamiliar location and have to look
for a job or career there because they need money to get a new home. They are not just migrating
now; they are desperate for a new place they can call home. The problem that the whole
Bangladesh is facing right now is the overpopulation in their capital city, Dhaka and their
crumbling infrastructure. They are worried that the city might collapse soon. Apart from their
poor country’s economy situation, they also have to worry about their insurance that they have
with them like their agriculture crops or their animal farms. And the soils keep on getting more
damaged that can make their land fall to the sea or waste the entire Sunderban forest due to their
mangrove forest rotting away. And if they don’t get a proper place in the capital city to stay, the
government are slowly bulldozing them out of the city which makes their lives even harder. The
worst kind of problem they face is changing their job for the situation. And most of them are
uneducated so their chances of getting a job is very low.
These are the problems that we see from the documentary given about the climate refugees in
Bangladesh.

Firstly, Bangladesh is among those countries having the highest population and Dhaka City has
one of the biggest slum areas in the country (more than 5,000 slums inhabited by an estimated
four million people.) And life of a slum is not really that great anywhere in the world but being
in a highly populated and most prone to natural disaster country must be even worse. In the
slums there is no basic infrastructure and services and the threat of eviction is constant. Since
they are typically in fragile areas of low location, the urban poor in slums are very susceptible to
natural disasters. There is already limited land in the city of Dhaka, the main city. The already
weak services and fragile environment is under pressure from fast urbanization. Children,
adolescents and their families who live in slums do not have the awareness, the resources and the
ability to request services. Children’s life is the worst when it comes to slum though.
There are many factors when it comes to determining children’s health in the slum. Social
determinants are a factor too but not as much as environmental determinant factors that causes
the children’s health the most. As in, since they are children they need their health to be taken
care of properly but if the environment around them is not good enough for them, they will never
grow up healthy. Such as, safe water. Are the children getting of the slum getting clean and clear
water that would not cause any illness and contains no harmful substances, chemicals or micro-
organisms. Other factors are clean air, sanitation, hygiene, sufficient food, environmental shelter.
For the slum children, these are the most important because they live in low lying areas, thus
getting clean air in a polluted city like Dhaka is hard. And if they are not getting clean water,
their hygiene should be in question too. Dirt and germs in body is bad for mostly children since
their immune system is weaker. Sufficient food is mandatory for everyone but children need
good food for healthy survival. They need to eat well from early age or else they might develop
something like a disorder. The shelter is another main factor because they lack that the most.
They are in danger of eviction every day so they don’t have a specific place to live and survive.
For the social determinant factor, the only point I see is that they might get married off to
someone due to lack of education or finance and that might harm their health in lots of way.
Physically and mentally.
For the children, climate change also impacts them in lot of ways. The whole point of them
becoming slum dwellers is that their homes were mostly destroyed or affected by a disaster so
they had to leave their main home to live with others together in Dhaka. And the worst part is
even after they moved to Dhaka, they are still being impacted by other climate change factors in
lot of ways. Those environmental determinants factor that causes their health is also an impact by
climate change like lack of food, water, air. And since they don’t have enough money for health
issues, they might get depression or PTSD since they are children and they shouldn’t be faced
with this in early age. And they will definitely be impacted on the social status due to climate
change like early marriage or child laboring.
Abdul Aziz living in an agriculture dependent community and migrating to Dhaka city for
another thing must mean one thing and that is his only source of living or surviving has gone
away. The factors that might have pushed him from the community might have been a climate
change related. For example, if a natural disaster like drought or cyclone did hit him or his
community, his agriculture production would be damaged badly and in terms of not returning
back. Crop production can be adversely influenced easily by not just a natural disaster but by
even a normal seasonal change or even normal rainfall or heat wave. But we should all consider
these as an impact by climate change too. And a person living in agriculture dependent
community would be adjusted this by now but he left it completely behind for rickshaw pulling.
This implies that this is a forced migration impacted by climate change. And Aziz must not be
getting any other opportunity after losing his only source of survival over there. So he might be
unemployed or getting low income source. Because of this, Aziz must have not gotten any
services and facilities like security and medical facilities. Shortage of clean water or fuel must
have also played a part in his forced migration.
What pulled him to Dhaka city has many factors too. But most importantly, the main reason must
have been for financial support. First off for Aziz, he moved to Dhaka to get away from natural
disaster and to get some money. Natural disaster has damaged his whole agriculture production
so he must want to get away from that place for now until the situation gets better. He might get
other employment opportunities in Dhaka since there are many factories or garments here even if
rickshaw pulling doesn’t work with him. He has access to better services and facilities like
security and medical. He can at least have a shelter above his head and some water and fuel
unlike before where he might even have lost his home. He can get some finance or income to get
those facilities now and even good food for survival.

Fulbanu is a woman living in a fisher community in the coastal region of Bangladesh so climate
change will affect coastal region the most and it has before and very vulnerable for everyone in
climate change related risk but for women are in prone to be more vulnerable than the others and
here’s why. Women are more vulnerable than men to the effects of climate change, mainly since
they are most of the world's poor and depend more on natural resources threatened by climate
change for their livelihood. In addition, they are faced more limited to their capacity of coping
social, economic and political barriers. In developing countries, men and women in rural areas
are particularly vulnerable if their livelihood depends heavily on local natural resources. Those
responsible for safeguarding cooking and heating water, food and fuel face the greatest
challenges. Secondly, combined with unfair access to resources and decision-making processes,
limited mobility puts women in the position of having a disproportionately high impact on rural
areas. Gender-sensitive strategies are therefore important for responding to climate change-
induced environmental and humanitarian crises.
Women are also effective agents or actors of change in both mitigation and adaptation, rather
than being vulnerable only to climate change. Women often have a large knowledge and
expertise to be used to mitigate climate change, reduce disasters and adapt. Climate change has
many negative impacts but the most important ones that needs to be taken care of instantly is
food security and we all know that women have a huge knowledge and idea on food security as
most mothers and other women. Today, 45-80 percent of all food production in developing
countries depends on the region is made up by women farmers. About two-thirds of the working
population of women in developing countries. Traditional sources of food are increasingly
unpredictable and scarce in the context of climate change. Women face both income and harvest
loss — their only food and income sources often. Food price increases make food less accessible
to poor people, especially women and girls whose health in times of food shortages has been
found to be more declining that male health. Women are also often excluded from decision-
making regarding their access and use of land and resources that are essential to their livelihoods.
For these reasons it is important that rural women's rights should be guaranteed in terms of food
security, access to resources without discrimination and equal participation in decision-making.