SERIES RC CIRCUIT

Electrical and electronic engineering

Name: Khaled Ghassan Hassan

Group: B
ID: 022170501
______________________________________
Series RC Circuit:
Exercise Assembly:

Figure (1)

Exercise assembly

Instruments / Components Required:

1- Digital multimeter.

2- AC/DC power supply with integral function generator.

3- Universal panel.

4- 2 Resistors, 10 kohm, 0.5W.

5- Capacitor 0.1 μF 400 V = 250 V~

6- Single-pole switch.

7- Set of connection cables.

8- Connection plugs (jumpers), 2mm / 7.5mm.

1
Steps of exercise:
1- Assemble the circuit as shown on fig 1.

2- Connect the function generator to the series circuit of resistor (R =

2 × 10 = 20 kohm) and capacitor (C = 0.1 μF).

Using the oscilloscope, set the output of the function generator to a

Symmetrical square wave voltage of Vpp = 3 V, f = 50 Hz.

Sketch the oscillogram in the grid below (oscillogram 1).

C = 0.1 μF

R = 2 × 10 kohm

X = 2 ms/div.

Y = 0.5 V/div.

Oscillogram (1)

Measurements:
Measured values:

Periodic time T = 2(msec) × 10 = 20 msec

1
f =1/T=1 =50HZ
20× 10 ᵌ
Voltage Vpp = 0.5(V) × 6 = 3 V

2
3- Display the waveform of the voltage at the capacitor on the

Oscilloscope [Vc = f(t)]

Sketch the oscillogram in the grid below. (Oscillogram 2)

C = 0.1 μF

R = 2 × 10 kohm

X = 2 ms/div.

Y = 0.5 V/div.

Oscillogram (2)

4- Short-circuit one of the 10 kohm resistors.

Dose the voltage waveform at the capacitor change?

Sketch the oscillogram in the grid below. (Oscillogram 3)

C = 0.1 μF

R = 2 × 10 kohm

X = 2 ms/div.

Y = 0.5 V/div.

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Oscillogram (3)

5- Remove the short-circuit from the 10 kohm resistor.

Display the voltage drop across the resistor (R = 2 × 10 =20 kohm)

on the oscilloscope. What variable is being displayed?

VR≡ 6 V

C = 0.1 μF

R = 2 × 10 kohm

X = 2 ms/div.

Y = 1 V/div.

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 Oscillogram (4)

6- Which variable determines the slope of the curves?

When are the curves steeper and why?

When are the curves flatter and why?

When the product of R · C is reduced, the curves becomes flatter because

The time constant of charging is decreases.

When the product of R · C is increased, the curves becomes steeper,

Because the time constant of charging is increases.

7- Calculate the time constant, τ from the product of resistance and

Capacitance (τ = R · C) for the values R and C in step 3 and 4.

Results:

τ1 = R · C =20×10ᵌ×0.1×10⁻⁶= 2Msec

τ2 = R · C =10×10ᵌ×0.1×10⁻⁶= 1Msec

Determine the two time constants, graphically.

What time is required for the capacitor to fully discharge?

What is the direction of current flow during the charge and discharge?

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Cycles?

The values of time constant, measured graphically (e.g. by extending the

tangent to the base of the curve), are:

τ1 ≈ 5τ = 5 × 2(msec), τ = 2 msec.

τ2 ≈ 5τ = 5 × 1(msec), τ = 1 msec.

The time taken for the capacitor to be fully discharge is:

In the 1st Vc-t oscillogram, t = 5τ

In the 2nd Vc-t oscillogram, t = 5τ

The ic-t oscillogram shows clearly that when the capacitor charges and

Discharges the direction of the current is changes and decrease.