Passage #1

1. Title: The Origin of the word

"Ninja": An Overview of its
Terminology
2. The term "Ninja" first appeared in
ancient Chinese poetry in the 8th
century. Although the name "ninja"
has
become widely used around the
world, it is thought to have
originated from the Japanese term
"Shinobi-no-
momo" during the Edo period in
Japan. Many historians questioned
the modification, but it was later
agreed
that the adjustment was made to
improve pronunciation. After all, it is
clearly evident that it is a lot quicker
and easier to utter and write the
word "ninja" than it is in Kanji.
Key ideas in each passage:
• In China, ninja are more often
referred to as shinobi.
• The Chinese word shinobi, short
for
shinobi-no-mono means "to steal
away"
• Some believe the during the Edo
period in Japan, the word shinobi-
no-mono was appropriated and
transformed to the very similar word
ninja
Passage #2
1. Title: An Overview of a Typical
Ninja's Arsenal and its History
2. Ninjas have a variety of ingenious
and devious gadgets and weapons
at their hands. Bows, acid spurting
tubes, and throwing stars were
among them. None, however, could
compare to the katana, the ninja's
most
preferred weapon. A curving single-
edged blade with a circular or
squared guard and a long grip to
suit both
hands distinguishes the katana. The
katana came with a scabbard,
which not only served to keep the
sword
safe, but also to aid the user in a
variety of situations. Simply told, the
ninja's diverse
arsenal of weapons
aids to maximize their physical
accomplishments in both stealth
and attack.
Key ideas in each passage:
• Ninjas used many different tools
and weapons to get the job done:
throwing stars, bows, acid spurting
tubes
to name a few, but the favorite
weapon of most ninjas was
probably the katana.
• The katana is a long, curved
sword with a single blade and a
long grip to accommodate two
hands. This
sword has often carried in a sheath
or scabbard on the ninja's back.
• Though the sword was primarily
used for fighting and killing, the
scabbard served a number of
purposes
too.
Passage #1
Necessary Information:
• The English were not the first
Europeans
to land their ships on American soil.
• The Vikings had discovered North
America in the 11th century.
• Columbus landed in the bananas
in 1492 for Spain.
• The French began expeditions to
the New World in 1524
• The first English presence in North
America is important because the
thirteen English colonies that would
later be established eventually
became the country now known as
the United States of America.
Summary:
The Vikings, not the Europeans,
were the first to explore North
America in the 11th century. In
1524, shortly
after Columbus landed in the
Bahamas for Spain in 1492, the
French advanced expeditions to the
New World.
It's worth noting the significance of
the English presence in the New
World, as the
13 English colonies they built
eventually became the United
States of America.
Passage #2
Necessary Information:
• In April of 1585, Sir Walter
Raleigh, under the authority of
Queen Elizabeth of England, Sent
an expedition
seven ships carrying 600 men, half
of them soldiers, to find an English
colony in North America.
• The colony was to be used to
establish an English presence in the
New World as well as base from
which
English privateers, or pirates, could
attacks and plunder Spanish
treasure fleets.
• Raleigh's cousin, Sir Richard
Greenville, led the expedition.
Summary:
Sir Walter Raleigh conducted a
seven-ship expedition to North
America, transporting 600 men, half
of them
were military, in search of an
English colony. Raleigh's cousin, Sir
Richard Greenville, led the voyage
to find
the colony that would be utilized to
establish an English presence and
serve as a base to ward off enemies
and
aid allies.
Passage #3
Necessary Information:
• In July of that year, the bulk of the
fleet reached a small island of the
coast of Virginia that was called
Roanake.
• The colonists initiated relations
with a Native American tribe that
lived on the island, the Aquascogoc.
• These natives showed little
interest in building relations with the
English colonists.
• The English noticed that one of
their silver cups had gone missing,
and they attributed its
disappearance to
the Aquascogoc.
• Greenville, the English captain,
was furious. He believed that the
Aquascogochad stolen the silver
cup.
• The English burned the
Aquasgocos village.

Summary:
The army ultimately arrived in
Roanoke, a little island off the coast
of Virginia. The colonists attempted
to
establish a relationship with the
Aquascogoc tribe, who lived on the
island. Unfortunately, the
Aquascogoc had
no intention of returning the
colonists' energy. The colonists
soon realized that a silver cup they
owned had
gone, and Sir Greenville quickly
blamed the Aquascogoc. The
colonists were enraged and burned
the
Aquascogocs' village.
Passage #4
Necessary information:
• Despite their success in battle, the
colonists had a miserable time
because they were mainly soldiers
and
adventures, not farmers.
• They had expected to find gold
and silver on the island, and were
disappointed when they found none.
• The colony was gradually
abandoned.
Summary: Despite the colonists'
success, the English were
depressed because their knowledge
had nothing to do
with farming, and they became
hungry. After failing to find any silver
or gold on the island, the colonists
got
homesick. The hardships finally
wore Sir Greenville down, and the
colony was abandoned.