Hkz"Vkpkj fujks/kd C;wjks] vyoj dh vksj ls vfHk;qDr

jkts'k xqIrk ds fo:) ;g vkjksi i= fnukad 18-01-2006 dks U;k;ky;

ds le{k izLrqr fd;k x;kA

vfHk;ksx ds vuqlkj izdj.k ds laf{kIr rF; bl izdkj gSa fd

fnukad 01-09-04 dks xzke iwBh rglhy jkex< fuoklh ifjoknh
nkSyrjke us ,-lh-ch- pkSdh vyoj ij mifLFkr gksdj ,d fyf[kr
izkFkZuk i= izn'kZ ih-16 bl vk'k; dh is'k dh] fd mlus Hkwfe
fodkl cSad ls 75]000 :i;s dk _.k ikl djok dj 3 HkSal [kjhnh] ftldh
vk/kh jkf'k izkIr gks pqdh gSA HkSal ds dku esa ckyh yxkus o
mlds izek.k i= nsus dh ,ot esa jkex< ds i'kq fpfdRld jkts'k xqIrk
mlls 1]000 :i;s ys pqdk gS vkSj 900 :i;s fj'or vkSj ekax jgk
gSAog vc vkSj fj'or jkf'k ugha nsuk pkgrk vkSj MkDVj dks jaxs
gkFkksa idMokuk pkgrk gSA bl ij ,-lh-ch }kjk ekax dk xksiuh;
lR;kiu djok;k x;kA lR;kiu ls MkDVj }kjk fj'or dh ekax fd;k tkuk
Li"V gqvkA bl ij fnukad 02-09-04 dks fu;ekuqlkj Vªsi dk;Zokgh
dk vk;kstu fd;k x;k rFkk Vªsi dk;Zokgh ds nkSjku MkDVj ds
dCts ls jax yxh fj'or jkf'k 900 :i;s cjken dh xbZA MkDVj dks
fxj¶rkj fd;k x;k rFkk eqdn~ek ntZ dj vuqla/kku izkjEHk fd;k
x;kA lEiw.kZ vuqla/kku ls vfHk;qDr jkts'k xqIrk ds fo:)
Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k vf/kfu;e ¼ftls vkxs ^bl vf/kfu;e^ 'kCn ls
lacksf/kr fd;k tk;sxk½ dh /kkjk 7] 13¼1½¼Mh½] 13¼2½ dk
vkjksi izekf.kr ik;s tkus ij vkjksi i= U;k;ky; esa is'k fd;k x;kA

cgl vkjksi lquh tkdj fnukad 18-01-14 dks vfHk;qDr jkts'k

xqIrk ds fo:) bl vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 7] 13¼1½¼Mh½ lifBr /kkjk

1
13¼2½ ds vkjksi fojfpr dj lquk;s o le>k;s x;s rks mlus vkjksiksa
dks vLohdkj dj vUoh{kk dh izkFkZuk dhA

vfHk;kstu i{k dh vksj ls ijhf{kr djok;s x;s xaokg ih-

MCY;q-1 cLrhjke Vªsi Vhe dk lnL; jgk gS] ih-MCY;q-2
ujsUnzdqekj lksuh Lora= xokg gS] ih-MCY;q-3 gfjvkse flag
Vªsi Vhe dk lnL; jgk gS] ih-MCY;q-4 jktsUnz dqekj uksVksa ij
jax yxkus okyk xokg gS] ih-MCY;q-5 lkxjey vfHk;qDr ds fo:)
vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr tkjh djus dk xokg gS] ih-MCY;q-6 jruflag
Vªsi Vhe dk lnL; jgk gS] ih-MCY;q-7 egs'k dqekj c?ksyk Lora=
xokg gS] ih- MCY;q-8 nkSyrjke ifjoknh gS] ih-MCY;q-9
jkefuokl ;kno Vh-,y-vks- gS] ih-MCY;q-10 MkW- jkts'k eku
vfHk;qDr ds lsokfHkys[k miyC/k djkus dk xokg gS] ih-MCY;q-
11 ca'kh/kj vloky vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh jgk gSA

izys[kh; lk{; esa izn'kZ ih-1 uewus ,Q-,l-,y- Hkstus dk

vxzs"k.k i=] izn'kZ ih-2 ,Q-,l-,y- dh izkfIr jlhn] izn'kZ ih-3 QnZ
VªkalfØIV] izn'kZ ih-4 QnZ tCrh dSlsV] izn'kZ ih-5 QnZ
is'kd'kh ,oa lqiqnZxh uksV] izn'kZ ih-6 QnZ cjkenxh fj'or jkf'k]
izn'kZ ih-7 ls ih-9 LokLF; izek.k i=] izn'kZ ih-10 QnZ fxj¶rkjh ]
izn'kZ ih-11 uD'kk ekSdk] izn'kZ ih-12 QnZ [kkukryk'kh]
izn'kZ ih-13 okrkZyki fj'or ysunsu] izn'kZ ih-14 QnZ
[kkukryk'kh fjgk;'k] izn'kZ ih-15 vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr] izn'kZ ih-
16 rgjhjh fjiksVZ] izn'kZ ih-17 iqfyl c;ku ifjoknh nkSyrjke]
izn'kZ ih-18 jfuax uksV] izn'kZ ih-19 lqiqnZxhukek uksV o pkd
,Q- vkbZ-vj] izn'kZ ih-20 lsokfHkys[k miyC/k djkus dk
vxzs"k.k i-] izn'kZ ih-21 QksVks izfr fu;qfDr vkns'k vfHk;qDr]
2
izn'kZ ih- 23 ,Q-,l-,y dk vxzs"k.k i=] izn'kZ ih-24 ,Q-,l-,y
fjiksVZ o izn'kZ ih-25 vkokt uewuk ckcr uksfVl dks is'k dj
iznf'kZr djok;k x;kA

vfHk;kstu lk{; lekIr gksus ds mijkar vfHk;qDr dks /kkjk

313 na-iz-la- ds vUrxZr ijhf{kr fd;k x;k rks vfHk;qDr us
vfHk;kstu lk{; dks xyr gksuk crk;k rFkk dFku fd;k fd mlds }kjk
dksbZ fj'or jkf'k dh ekax ugha dh xbZA ifjokjh dh HkSalksa dk
bZykt djok;k Fkk] ftldh nokbZ egohj eSMhdy LVksj ls
1]045 :i;s dh m/kkj fnyok;h Fkh] ftlds Hkqxrku ds fy, ifjoknh ls
dgk rks og iSls ysdj vk;k vkSj dgk fd vki Hkqxrku dj nsuk]
eq>ls T;knk ysxkA Vªsi dk;Zokgh ds le; Hkh iqfyl dks bl ckjs
esa crk fn;k FkkA mlus fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ jkf'k fj'or dh ugha
yh] mls >waBk Qalk;k x;k gSA vfHk;qDr us cpko esa xokg Mh-
MCY;q-1 KkupUn ds dFku ys[kc) djok;sA

fof'k"B yksd vfHk;kstd ,oa vfHk;qDr ds fo}ku vf/koDrk

dh cgl vafre lquh xbZA

fo}ku fof'k"B yksd vfHk;kstd us rdZ fd;k gS fd ifjoknh dk

_.k Lohd`r gqvk Fkk vkSj mlds i'kqvksa ds dkuksa esa ckyh
yxkus o izek.k i= nsus ds fy, vfHk;qDr us 1]900 :i;s dh ekax dh]
ftlesa ls 1]000 :i;s igys gh ns fn;s vkSj 900 :i;s ?kj vkdj nsus dh
ckr r; gqbZA mDr :i;s vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls cjken gq, gSaA /kkjk
20 dh mi/kkj.kk gSA ifjoknh }kjk m/kkjh ds iSls nsuk lkfcr
ugha gqvk gSA ifjoknh dks dkbZ lkeku m/kkj fn;k gks] ;g rF;
Hkh izekf.kr ugha gqvk gSA vfHk;qDr ds fo:) vkjksi ezekf.kr
gSA vr% vfHk;qDr dks nks"k fl) fd;k tk;sA
3
 fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls mDr rdksZ dk [k.Mu
djrs gq, rdZ fd;k x;k gS fd vfHk;qDr ds fo:) ifjoknh ls 1]000 :i;s
igys ekaxus vkSj 900 :i;s ckn esa nsus rFkk fnukad 02-09-04
dks vfHk;qDr }kjk ifjoknh ls 900 :i;s izkIr djus dk vkjksi yxk;k
x;k gSA ysfdu ifjoknh Lo;a 1]000 :i;s nsus dh ckr dh rkbZn
ugha djrk gSA vkSj vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh us tkWp esa ;g lkfcr
ugha ik;k gS fd vfHk;qDr dks 1]000 :i;s fn;s x;s gksaA blfy,
izFke lwpuk fjiksVZ gh >waBsa rF;ksa ds vk/kkj ij ntZ djokbZ
xbZ gSA vkxs rdZ fd;k gS fd ifjoknh us tks _.k fy;k Fkk] og
ih-,u-ch vykoMk ls fy;k Fkk] Hkwfe fodkl cSad ls ugha fy;k
FkkA Vªsi ls igys fnukad 01-09-04 dks dh xbZ dk;Zokgh ds ckjs
esa cLrhjke us dksbZ dFku ugha fd;k gS rks jfuax uksV esa
xokgku dks cqykus dh ckr xyr gks tkrh gSA jfuax uksV ds
vuqlkj igys Lora= xokgku ujsUnzdqekj lksuh o egs'kdqekj vk;s]
tcfd Lo;a Lora= xokgku igys ifjoknh dk vkuk dgrs gSaA jfuax
uksV esa 4 'khf'k;kW gksuk vk;k gS] tcfd vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh
vius c;kuksa esa 6 'khf'k;kW gksuk dgrk gSA c;kuksa esa 'kh'kh
ekdZ ih&3 o ih&4 dk mYys[k ugha vk;k gSA 'khf'k;ksa dk
/kksou xqykch ugha gS] tcfd ,Q-,l-,y- fjiksVZ esa
fQukYQFkyhu ikmMj ds va'k crk;s x;s gSa vkSj mDr fjiksVZ
dksbZ fu'p;kRed lcwr ugha gSA vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr Hkh fof/k
vuqlkj ugha gSA ysunsu ds le; pijklh dk gksuk crk;k gS] ftls is'k
ugha fd;k x;k gSA xokgu ds dFkuks esa rkfRod fojks/kkHkkl
gSA dSlsV dh QnZ VªkalfØIV esa :i;s ekaxus dk bUnzkt ugha
vk;k gS vkSj mDr VªkalfØIV gkFk ls fy[kk tkuk crk;k gS] tcfd

4
vfHkys[k ij Vafdr VªalfØIV gSA VªkalfØIV okrkZ vLI"V gS
vkSj Vsi dh vkokt dks ifjoknh us viuh gksuk ugha crk;k gSA
okLro esa ifjoknh us nokbZ m/kkj yh Fkh] tks MkDVj us fnyk;h
Fkh] mlds iSls fy;s x;s FksA mDr rF; dh rkbZn cpko lk{Kh Mh-
MCY;q-1 KkupUn us dh gSA vU; xokgku ls bl cpko dks lq>k;k
x;k gSA ifjoknh Lo;a i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr gqvk gSA vfHk;qDr
ds ikl dksbZ dk;Z yfEcr ugha FkkA vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh Lo;a
ekurk gS fd ekeyk ysunsu dk FkkA tc rd voS/k ekax lkfcr ugha
gksrh gS vkSj vfHk;qDr ds ikl dksbZ dk;Z yfEcr ugha gksrk gS]
rks dsoy ek= :i;ksa dh cjkenxh gksuk nks"kflf) ds fy, i;kZIr ugha
gSA vfHk;qDr }kjk fn;k x;k Li"Vhdj.k i;kZIr gSA mls dBksj
fl)kar ds vk/kkj ij lkfcr ugha djuk gSA vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr us
vius rdksZ ds leFkZu esa fuEu U;kf;d n`"Vkar is'k fd;s%&
1- 2015 Cr.L.R. (SC) 382 C. Sukumaran vs. State of Kerla

2- (2009) 15 Supreme Court Cases 200 State of Maharashtra Vs.

Dnyaneshwar Laxman Rao

3. (2014) 14 Supreme Court Cases 516 Prabhat Kr. Gupta Vs. State of
Jharkhand and Another

4. 2014 Cr.L.R. (SC) 445 B. Jayaraj Vs. State of A.P.

5. 2015 Cri.L.J. 72 M.R. Purushotham Vs. State of Karnataka

6. 1988 WLN (UC) 276 R.L. Bhatnagar Vs. State of Raj.

7. 199 R.C.C. 1050 State of Rajasthan Vs. Ashok Kumar.

mijksDr U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa ls U;k;ky; ;g fn'kk

funsZ'k ikrk gS fd vfHk;qDr ds ikl ifjoknh dk dksbZ dke yfEcr
gksuk pkfg, vkSj ml dke ds yfEcr gksus dh ,sot esa gh vfHk;qDr

5
}kjk voS/k jkf'k ¼fj'or½ dh ekax dh tkuh pkfg,A ekax dk lR;kiu
gksuk vko';d gS] Vsi fjdkMZj dh okrkZ dh vkokt dh igpku
gksuh pkfg, vkSj QnksZ dk fuLiknu lkfcr gksuk vko';d gSA
p'enhn xokgku }kjk ifjoknh ds dFkuksa dk leFkZu o ,-lh-
ch- }kjk dh xbZ dk;Zokgh dk lR;kiu gksuk pkfg,A dsoy ek=
jkf'k dh cjkenxh vius vki esa nks"kflf) ds fy, i;kZIr ugha gS] tc
rd dh ekax lkfcr uk gksA vfHk;kstu i{k dks viuk dsl lansg ls ijs
lkfcr djuk vko';d gS] rc gh vfHk;qDr ij Hkkj ifjofrZr gksrk gS
vkSj mi/kkj.kk [k.Muh; gksrh gS vkSj mi/kkj.kk [kf.Mr djus ds
fy, dBksj lk{; dk fl)kar ykxw ugha gksrk gSA

mDr rdksZ ij euu fd;k x;k rFkk i=koyh dk voyksdu fd;k

x;kA i{kdkjksa dh vksj ls izLrqr mDr U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa dk
llEeku v/;;u fd;k A U;k;ky; ds le{k vo/kkj.k gsrq eq[; fcUnq ;s
gSa fd%&

D;k vfHk;qDr jkts'k xqIrk us fnukad 01-09-04

dks i'kq fpfdRlky;] jkex< esa i'kq fpfdRld ds in ij
dk;Zjr gksdj yksd lsod ds :i esa viuh inh; fLFkfr dk
nq:i;ksx dj Hkz"V o voS/k lk/ku viukrs gq, ifjoknh
nkSyrjke }kjk Hkwfe fodkl cSad ls 75]000 :i;s _.k
jkf'k ls [kjhnh xbZ HkSalksa ds dku esa ckyh yxkdj
izek.k i= nsus dh ,ot esa 1]000 :i;s ekax dj izkIr fd;s
o 900 :i;s vkSj fj'or dh ekax dh vkSj fnukad 02-09-
04 dks i'kq fpfdRlky;] jkex< esa ifjoknh ls 900 :i;s
oS/k ikfjJfed ls fHkUu jkf'k izkIr dj vkijkf/kd
vopkj fd;k\ ;fn gkW rks n.M fdruk\
6
 izLrqr izdj.k esa vfHk;qDr ?kVuk ds fnu i'kq fpfdRlky;]
jkex< ftyk vyoj esa fpfdRld ds in ij rSukr Fkk] bl ckjs esa dksbZ
fookn ugha gSA bl laca/k esa vfHk;qDr dk fu;qfDr i= izn'kZ ih-
21 o inLFkkiu vkns'k izn'kZ ih-22 dks lk{; esa iznf'kZr djok;k
x;k gS] ftudh rkbZn ih-MCY;q-10 jkts'k eku us viuh lk{; esa dh
gS vkSj dFku fd;k gS fd jkts'k dk fu;qfDr i= o inLFkkiu vkns'k
mlds }kjk ,-lh-ch- dks Hksts x;s FksA ih-MCY;q-5 lkxjey us
dFku fd;k gS fd Mk- jkts'k xqIrk i'kq fpfdRlky;] jkex< esa rSukr
FkkA

fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr us rdZ fd;k gS fd vfHk;qDr ds

fo:) vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr fof/k vuqlkj tkjh ugha dh gS vkSj okLro
esa ;g vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr gh ugha gS] cfYd vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr
dk vkns'k gSA bl rdZ ds ifjis{; esa lk{; dk foospu djus ij ;g izdV
gS fd ih-MCY;q-5 lkxjey us dFku fd;k gS fd fnukad 14-09-05
dks og mi 'kklu lfpo] dkfeZd] lfpoky;] t;iqj ds in ij dk;Zjr Fkk
vksj MkDVj jkts'k dh i=koyh mlds le{k is'k gksus ij mlus
vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh ds lkFk dkfeZd lfpo ls fopkj foe'kZ dj
i=koyh dk voyksdu djus ds i'pkr~ vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr efLr"d dk
iz;ksx djrs gq, tkjh dh Fkh] tks izn'kZ ih-15 gS] ftl ij mlds
gLrk{kj gSaA gkykafd bl xokg us ftjg esa dFku fd;k gS fd
izn'kZ ih-15 vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr ugha gS] vkns'k gSA ysfdu
izn'kZ ih-15 ds voyksdu ls Li"V gS fd ;g vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr gS
vkSj Mk- jkts'k ds fo:) vfHk;kstu pykus ds fy, Lohd`fr tkjh dh
xbZ gSA bl laca/k esa vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls U;kf;d n`"Vkar 1988
WLN (UC) 276 R.L. Bhatnagar V. State of Raj. o 99 R.C.C. 1050 State of

7
Rajasthan Vs. Ashok Kumar is'k fd;s gSaA izFke U;kf;d n`"Vkar esa
vfHk;kstu Lohd`fr tkjh djus okys O;fDr ds /;ku esa ;g rF; ugha
yk;k x;k Fkk vkSj ;g Hkh rF; Fkk fd rF;ksa dks fNikdj mlls
vHk;kstu Lohd`fr yh xbZ gSA ysfdu ekStwnk izdj.k esa ,slk
ugha gSA xokg us Li"V dFku fd;k gS fd mlus i=koyh dk
voyksdu djus ds i'pkr~ o vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh ls fopkj foe'kZ djus
ds i'pkr~ gh vfH;kstu Lohd`fr tkjh dh gSA blfy, vf/koDrk
vfHk;qDr dk ;g rdZ lkjghu gksus ls Lohdkj fd;s tkus ;ksX; ugha
gSA

fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr dk rdZ gS fd vfHk;qDr }kjk

dksbZ ekax ugha dh xbZ gS] cfYd ifjoknh dh HkSlksa ds bZykt
ds nkSjku ifjoknh dks nokbZ;k m/kkj fnyok;h Fkh] ftlds iSls
cdk;k Fks] os fn;s x;s gSa bl rdZ dk [k.Mu djrs gq, fo}ku
fof'k"B yksd vfHk;kstd us rdZ fd;k gS fd xokgu ds dFkuksa ls
ekax izekf.kr gSA bu rdksZ ds ifjis{; esa lk{; dk voyksdu djus
ij ;g izdV gS fd vfHk;ksx ds vuqlkj ifjoknh tc ,-lh-ch-dk;kZy;
vk;k vkSj rgjhjh fjiksVZ izn'kZ ih-16 is'k dh] rc ekax lR;kiu dh
dk;Zokgh dh xbZ vkSj ekax lR;kiu dh dk;Zokgh ds le; ih-
MCY;q-3 gfjvkse flag lkFk x;kA ih-MCY;q-3 gfjvkse flag us
vius c;kuksa esa dFku fd;k gS fd ifjoknh VsifjdkMZj dks ysdj
i'kq fpfdRlky;] jkex< ds vUnj pyk x;k vkSj eSa ,d rjQ [kMk gks
x;kA dqN le; ckn ifjoknh ckgj vk;k vkSj crk;k fd fpfdRlkf/kdkjh
ls mldh ckr gks xbZ gS vkSj mlus tks fj'or dh ekax dh gS] mls
eSusa Vsi dj fy;k gS vkSj ifjonh us eq>s Vsifudky dj fn;kA bl
lk{; ls ;g Li"V gS fd ih-MCY;q-3 gfjvkse flag ds le{k ekax ugha

8
dh xbZ FkhA dsoy ek= ifjoknh ds dFkuksa ds vuqlkj gh og ekax
fd;k tkuk dgrk gSA ifjoknh ih-MCY;q-8 nkSyrjke us ftjg esa
dFku fd;k gS fd esjs ls dksbZ fj'or jkf'k ugha ekaxh Fkh vkSj uk
gh eSusa fj'or ds iSls fn;s gSa A esjh HkSlksa ds bZykt ds iSls
Fks] mlh dk ysunsu FkkA bl izdkj gfjvkse flag ds dFkuksa dk
leFkZu ugha gksrk gSA

vfHk;qDr }kjk voS/k ekax fd;s tkus ds laca/k esa vU; rF;
dSlsV o mldh VªkalfØIV ekax lR;kiu okrkZ gSA bl laca/k esa
ih-MCY;q-8 ifjoknh nkSyrjke us dFku fd;k gS fd Vsi esa vkokt
fdlh gS] eq>s ugha irkA vkfVZdy 6 esa fdl&fdl dh vkokt gS]
eq>s le> esa ugha vk jgk gSA U;k;ky; esa xokg dks Vsi lquk;k
x;k rks dgk fd esjs dqN le> ugha cSBk fd D;k gS ;g] blesa
fdl&fdldh vkokt gS] eSa ugha igpku ik jgk gwW D;k ckrphr gks
jgh gS] ;g le> ugha vk;kA bl izdkj dSlsV dh okrkZ vfHk;qDr o
ifjoknh ds e/; gh gks] bl lk{; ls lkfcr ugha gksrk gSA Vsi
fjdkMZ ds laca/k esa fjdkMZ dh xbZ okrkZ dks vkSj mlesa vk;s
VªkalfØIV dks ifjoknh us lkfcr ugha fd;k gS vkSj viuh vkokt
gksus bUdkj fd;k gS] tcfd bySDVªksfud lk{; esa ftl O;fDr dh
vkokt gksuk crk;k gS] ml O;fDr dks viuh vkokt lkfcr djuk vko';d
gSA mDr vkokt Li"V vkSj lquus ;ksX; gksuh pkfg, vkSj bl rF;
dks xokg }kjk lkfcr djuk Hkh vko';d gSA bl izdj.k esa bldk
vHkko gSA blfy, mDr bySDVªksfud lk{; ds vk/kkj ij fu'p;kRed
fu"d"kZ ugha fudkyk tk ldrk fd blesa vkokt ifjoknh o vfHk;qDr
dh gh vkokt gksA vfHk;ksx ds vuqlkj ekax lR;kiu okrkZ izn'kZ
ih-3 rS;kj dh xbZA ekax lR;kiu ds laca/k esa ih-MCY;q-3

9
gfjvkse flag us dFku fd;k gS fd eSusa Vsi dks ifjoknh ls ysdj
ugha lquk FkkA lh-vkb- us lquk Fkk] ysfdu esjs lkeus ugha
lqukA eq>s ugha irk fd D;k fy[kki<h dh vkSj fdlus dhA vU;
xokg ih-MCY;q-1 cLrh jke us dFku fd;k gS fd esjs lkeus Vsi
ugha lquk;k vksj uk gh eSa vkokt igpkurk gwWA ih-MCY;q-2
ujsUnzdqekj lksuh us dFku gS fd eSa Vsi esa vkbZ vkokt ugha
igpkurk gwWA ih-MCY;q- 6 jruflag us dFku fd;k gS fd esjs
lkeus dksbZ ekax ugha dhA ih-MCY;q-7 egs'kdqekj c?ksyk us
dFku fd;k gS fd esjs lkeus vkjksih us ifjoknh ls dksbZ iSls ugha
ekaxs vkSj VªkalfØIV okrkZ ds ckjs esa ;g Hkh dFku fd;k gS fd
VªkalfØIV gkFk ls fy[kh Fkh] ysfdu i=koyh ij VªkalfØIV izn'kZ
ih-3 Vafdr gS] gkFk dh ugha gS vkSj gkFk dh izfr dks jksdk x;k
gS] tks lansg mRiUu djrh gSA

ih-MCY;q-9 Vh-,y-vks- jkefuokl ;kno us ekax lR;kiu

okrkZ ds vk/kkj ij gh ;g ekuk gS fd ekax dh gS] Lo;a ds lkeus
vkjksih us ifjoknh ls voS/k ekax dh gks] bl laca/k esa dksbZ
dFku ugha fd;k gSA ekax lR;kiu okrkZ izn'kZ ih-3 ds laca/k esa
2 xokg gSaA igyk xokg gfjvkse ekax lR;kiu okrkZ ds le; vUnj
ugha x;k vkSj nwljk xokg Lo;a ifjoknh nkSyrjke vfHk;qDr
ds }kjk :i;s ekaxus ls bUdkj djrk gS] ftldk foospu Åij fd;k tk
pqdk gSA bl laca/k esa lk{; esa ifjoknh nkSyrjke us dFku fd;k
gS fd esjh HkSal chekj gks xbZ Fkh vkSj eSa Mk- jkts'k xqIrk
ds ikl x;k vkSj viuh HkSal dh fLFkfr crkbZ vkSj iSls ugha gksus
dh ckr crk;hA bl ij MkDVj us tSu eSfMdy ls djhc 500 :i;s dh
nokbZ m/kkj fnyok;h FkhA nwljs fnu tc mldh HkSal ds Qk;nk

10
ugha gqvk rks eSa fQj MkDVj ds ikl x;k vkSj viuh HkSal dh
fLFkfr crk;h rks mlus 500 :i;s dh nokbZ vkSj m/kkj fnyok;h
FkhA mlds dqN fnu ckn esjh nwljh fd'r cSad ls ikl gks xbZ Fkh
vkSj eSa cSad esa x;k rks mUgksaus HkSal ds VSx vkSj
eSfMdy izek.k i= ekaxsA bl ij eSa MkDVj jkts'k xqIrk ds ikl x;k
rks mUgksaus dgk fd igys os iSls pqdk rc gh LokLF; izek.k i= o
VSx nwaxkA eSusa lkspk fd esjs _.k dh nwljh fd'r esa MkDVj
vMaxk yxk jgk gS vkSj eSa lh/kk vyoj vk x;kA vyoj esa vius
cguksbZ tks vEcsMdj lfdZy ij pk; dh nqdku djrk Fkk] dks lkjh
ckr crkbZ vkSj mlls dgk fd eq>s gtkj :i;s pkfg,A ogk¡ ij mlds
cguksbZ ds ifjfpr cuokjhyky uke ds O;fDr dks lkjh ckr crkbZ rks
cuokjhyky mls ,-lh-Mh ds vkWfQl esa ys x;k vkSj esjs thtk o
mlus ,d ,Iyhds'ku fy[kdj mlds gLrk{kj djok fy;sA eq[; ijh{k.k
esa vkxs dFku fd;k gS fd os :i;s eq>s eSMhdy okys dks nsus
Fks] blfy, fn;s FksA eSusa os iSls jkts'k xqIrk dks tkdj fn;s FksA
vFkkZr~ bl xokg us vkjksih dks fdlh dke dh ,ot esa :i;s voS/k
ekax ds :i es fn;s gks ;k vkjksih us voS/k :i ls fdlh jkf'k dh ekax
dh gks ugha dgrk gSA ekax lR;kiu okrkZ izn'kZ ih-3 dk
voyksdu djus ls dgha Hkh ;g izdV ugha gksrk gS fd ifjoknh ls
vkjksih us HkSal ds VSx yxkus ;k LokLF; izek.k i= tkjh djus
dh ,ot esa iSls ekaxs gksaA ekax lR;kiu okrkZ ih- 3 esa fuEu
ckrphr gksuk ik;k x;k gS%&

ifjoknh eSa gks vk;k] Bhd gS ukA

vkjksih iSls vki ns nsuk Bhd gS ukA

ifjoknh ,d oks nqckjk vk;k gwW] iM~Mh chekj gSA

11
vkjksih rsjh D;k

ifjoknh gkW

vkjksih D;k gks x;k

ifjoknh pj ugha jgh Fkh] mlds nLr gks x;s

vkjksih mldks

ifjoknh gkW

vkjksih eSa ns[krk gwW

ifjoknh eryc vki oks ns[k yks vki pyrs gh

vkjksih vHkh vkrk gwW uk

ifjoknh fdruh nsj esa] eSa pyw ?kj

vkjksih ns[k ys rq>s iSlksa dk djuk iMsxk bUrtke

ifjoknh gsa

vkjksih iSlksa dk bUrtke gS

ifjoknh gSa th vkSj dqN djuk iMsxk bUrtke

vkjksih iSlksa dk bUrtke dj

ifjoknh gsa

vkjksih iSlksa dk bUrtke dj

ifjoknh ikWp :i;s lSdMs dk dk C;kt fn;k gS lkgc

vkjksih buds lkeus ysrs gq, vPNk ugha yxrk

ifjoknh Bhd lkgc

vkjksih Bhd gS

12
ifjoknh vk/k ikS.k ?kaVs esaA

bl okrkZyki ls dgh Hkh ;g izdV ugha gksrk gS fd

vfHk;qDr us ifjoknh ls VSx vFkok LokLF; izek.k i= ds ckjs esa
ppkZ dh gks] mlds ,ot esa iSls ekaxs gks] cfYd iM~Mh chekj
gksus ij ?kj ns[kus tkus dh lk{; gSA blh izdkj izn'kZ ih-13
ysunsu VªkalfdIV esa Hkh vfHk;qDr us 900 :i;s ekaxs gksa vkSj
mls 900 :i;s ifjoknh us VSx ;k izek.k i= ds cnys fn;s gksa] ,slh
dksbZ ckrphr ugha gSA cfYd QnZ cjkenxh izn'kZ ih-6 o jfuax
uksV izn'kZ ih-16 ds vuqlkj vfHk;qDr us rqjUr Li"Vhdj.k fn;k
gS vkSj izn'kZ ih-6 ds vuqlkj vius Li"Vhdj.k esa ;g dFku fd;k gS
fd ^^ Jh jkts'k xqIrk ls fj'orh jkf'k ckcr iwNk o dgk fd vkius
vHkh&vHkh Jh nkSyrjke ls 900 :i;s fy;s gSa] oks dgkW gS rks
Jh jkts'k xqIrk us crk;k fd eSusa Jh nkSyrjke ls 900 :i;s fy;s gSa
tks esjs ilZ esa j[ks gq, gSaA bl ij Jh jkts'k xqIrk ls iwNk fd
vkius Jh nkSyrjke ls ;g 900 :i;s fdl ckr ds fy, gSa rks mlus crk;k
fd eSa bldh HkSal dk bZykt dj jgk gwWA bldh rjQ esjs
1]045 :i;s cdk;k Fks] ftlesa ls 900 :i;s blus eq>s fn;s gSaA^^
izn'kZ ih-16 jfuax uksV ds i`"B la[;k 5 ij ;g mYys[k gS fd ^^
vius vHkh&vHkh Jh nkSyrjke ls ukS lks :i;s fy;s gSa] os dgkW
gS rks Jh jkts'k xqIrk us crk;k fd eSusa Jh nkSyrjke ls ukS
lks :i;s fy;s gSa] tks esjs ilZ esa j[ks gq, gSaA bl ij Jh jkts'k
xqIrk ls iwNk x;k fd vkius Jh nkSyrjke ls ;s ukS lks :i;s fdl ckr
ds fy;s gSa rks mlus crk;k fd eSa bldh HkSalksa dk bZykt dj jgk
gwWA bldh rjg esjs 1]045 :i;s cdk;k Fks] ftlesa ls 900 :i;s blus
eq>s fn;s gSaA vFkkZr~ vfHk;qDr us rqjUr Li"Vhdj.k esa

13
HkSalksa ds bZykt esa nokbZ;ksa ds iSls cdk;k gksus ds isVs
900 :i;s izkIr djuk crk;k gS vkSj c;ku eqfYte ds le; Hkh
vfHk;qDr us bUgha rF;ksa dk dFku fd;k gSA bl Li"Vhdj.k dks
lHkh xokgu us ftjg esa Lohdkj fd;k gS fd MkDVj us ;g dgk Fkk
fd iSls HkSal ds bZykt ds nokbZ;ksa ds gSa vkSj pkgks rks
eSMdy okys ls iwN yksA ih-MCY;q-7 egs'kdqekj c?ksyk us ftjg
esa dFku fd;k gS fd ;g lgh gS fd esjs iqfyl c;ku esa ;g mYys[k
gS fd ^^MkDVj us crk;k Fkk fd bldh HkSalksa dk bZykt dj jgk
gwW] ftlds 1]045 :i;s cdk;k Fks] ftuesa ls 900 :i;s vkt fn;s gSaA
^^ifjoknh nkSyr jke us rks ftjg esa Li"V dFku fd;k gS fd MkDVj
lkgc ls nokbZ;ksa dk ysunsu gksrk jgrk FkkA esjh HkSalksa ds
bZykt ds iSls Fks] mlh dk ysunsu FkkA ih-MCY;q-9 Vh-,y-vks-
jke fuokl ;kno us dFku fd;k gS fd mlus jkts'k xqIrk ls
ifjoknh }kjk fn;s x;s iSlksa ckcr iwNk rks mlus dgk fd eSa
nkSyrjke dh HkSalksa dk bZykt djrk gwW] mlh ds iSls gSa] tks
mldh iSaV dh tsc esa ilZ esa gSA bl izdkj vfHk;qDr }kjk fn;s
x;s Li"Vhdj.k ds laca/k esa lHkh xokgku us ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd
vfHk;qDr us ,slk Li"Vhdj.k fn;k Fkk vkSj ifjoknh Lo;a ;g ekurk
gS fd iSls m/kkj ysunsu ds Fks] fj'or ds iSls ugha FksA

bl caca/k esa cpko i{k dh vksj ls Mh-MCY;q-1 KkupUn

tSu is'k gqvk gS] ftlus egkohj eSMhdy gkWy ds uke ls jktdh;
i'kq fpfdRlky;] jkex< ds lkeus 100 QqV dh nwjh ij nqdku gksuk
vksj ml nqdku ij nokbZ;ksa ds fcy dkVuk crk;k gSA mlus dFku
fd;k gS fd iwBh dk nkSyrjke esjs ikl i'kqvksa dh nokb;kW m/kkj
ysus vk;k Fkk] ftl ij eSusa mls dgk fd eSa vkidks tkurk ugha

14
gwW] vki fdlh ls dgyok nks rks eSa m/kkj ns nwaxk rks
nkSyrjke us dgk fd eSa Mk- jkts'k xqIrk ls dgyok nsrk gwWA bl
nkSyrjke us Mk- jkts'k xqIrk ls dgyok fn;k vkSj eSSusa mls
nokbZ;kW m/kkj ns nhA eSusa nkSyrjke dks nks ckj fnukad 31-
07-04 o 02-08-04 dks Øe'k% 497 o 548 :i;s dh nokbZ;kW m/kkj
nh Fkh] ftlds fcy izn'kZ Mh-6 o Mh-7 gSaA mDr fjdkMZ ,-lh-
ch- okys mlh fnu 'kke dks mlls ys x;s FksA MkDVj us dksbZ
iSlk fj'or dk ugha fy;kA izn'kZ Mh-6 o Mh-7 dk voyksdu djus
ij ;g izdV gS fd izn'kZ Mh-6 fnukad 31-07-04 dk 497 :i;s dk gS
vkSj izn'kz Mh-7 fnukad 01-08-04 dk 548 :i;s dk gSA mDr
nksuksa fcy ,-lhch- dk;kZy; ls lwpuk ds vf/kdkj ds rgr ,-lh-ch
vyoj dh eksgj yxh gqbZ gSA izn'kZ Mh-6 /kqa/kyk gS] Li"V
ugha gS] ysfdu izn'kZ Mh-7 ij Li"V utj vk jgk gS fd gLrs jkts'k
xqIrkA vFkkZr~ mDr nokbZ;kW ifjoknh dks MkDVj jkts'k
xqIrk ds ekQZr m/kkj nh xbZ FkhA lk{; ls ;g Hkh izdV gS fd
mDr fjdkMZ izn'kZ Mh-6 o Mh-7 ?kVuk ds fnu gh ,-lh-ch-
okyksa us ys fy;k FkkA vFkkZr~ bu nLrkostkr ds ckjs esa ,slk
Hkh ugha ekuk tk ldrk fd ;s ckn esa rS;kj dj fy;s x;s gksaA
vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls U;kf;d n`"Vkar 2015

Cr.L.R. (SC) 382 C. Sukumaran vs. Stae of Kerla is'k fd;k] ftlesa ekuuh;
mPpre U;k;ky; us ;g O;Dr fd;k gS fd %&
Complainant turned hostile-No evidence that the accused made demand
and accepted the bride -Bemand and acceptance of bribe not proved.

15
 U;kf;d n`"Vkar 2015 Cri.L.J. 72 M.R. Prurshotaham Vs. State of
Karnataka esa ekuuh; mPpre U;k;ky; us O;Dr fd;k gS fd %&
Complainant himself not supporting prosecution case insofar as demand
by accused is concerned-Mere possession and recovery of the currency note
from accused without proof of demand would not attract offence under S. 13(1)
(d)- Conciction of accused set aside.

bl izdj.k esa Hkh ifjoknh us vfHk;kstu dsl ds lkfcr ugha

fd;k] cfYd viuh HkSalksa ds bZykt dh nokbZ;ksa ds cdk;k iSlk
nsuk dgk gSA bl laca/k esa vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh ih-MCY;q-11
ch-Mh-vloky dh lk{; Hkh egRoiw.kZ gSA eq[; ijh{k.k esa rks bl
xokg us rgjhjh fjiksVZ is'k gksuk mlds vk/kkj ij tkWp jkefuokl
dks lqiqnZ djuk vkSj mlds ckn izdj.k dk vuqla/kku djuk]
uewus ,Q-,l-,y- Hkstuk o vkjksi izekf.kr gksus dk dFku fd;k gS]
ysfdu ftjg esa ;g Lohdkj fd;k gS fd vkjksih us Li"Vhdj.k esa fj'or
jkf'k dks m/kkj ds iSls gksuk crk;k FkkA ;g Hkh lgh gS fd
vkjksih us ftl eSMhdy dh nqdku dk uke crk;k Fkk] ogkW ls
izkIr nokbZ dh iphZ ij nkSyrjke dk uke FkkA nkSjkus tkWp
egkohj eSMhdy gkWy ds nks fcy izkIr fd;s Fks] tks lgh ik;s Fks
vkSj ftuds vuqlkj jkts'k xqIrk }kjk jkf'k nokbZ ds fcyksa ds e/;s
yh xbZ A nkSyrjke us ;g crk;k Fkk fd MkDVj lkgc us HkSal ds
bZykt ckcr nokbZ m/kkj fnyok;h FkhA ;g lgh gS fd egkohj
eSMhdy ls iwNrkN dh Fkh vkSj fcy tCr fd;s Fks vkSj eSfMdy
okys us Hkh dgk Fkk fd nkSyrjke dh HkSal ds bZykt ckcr
nokbZ jkts'k xqIrk us m/kkj fnyok;h FkhA ;g Hkh lgh gS fd
jkts'k xqIrk us C;wjksa eq[;ky; esa viuk vH;kosnu is'k fd;k Fkk
vkSj mldh tkWp dh xbZ Fkh vkSj mlh Øe esa egkohj eSMhdy
16
gkWy ls fcy cqd dh tkWp dh xbZ Fkh vkSj mlds vk/kkj ij
vkjksih }kjk :i;s m/kkj nsuk ik;k FkkA vuqla/kku esa 1]000 :i;s
igys ysus okyh ckr lkfcr ugha ikbZ Fkh] tSlk fd fjiksVZ esa
ifjoknh us fy[kk gSA fof'k"B yksd vfHk;kstd }kjk iqu% ijh{kk
djus ij xokg us vkSj Li"V fd;k gS fd vH;kosnu ds ftu fcUnqvksa
ij eSusa tkWp dh Fkh] mu fcUnqvksa ij ekeyk ysunsu dk ik;k
Fkk vkSj egkohj eSMdhy ls iwNrkN dh Fkh] mlls iw.k lger
ugha gksus ls vkjksi i= is'k dj fn;kA vFkkZRk~ mDr xokg ds
fu"d"kZ esa ;g rF; vk x;k Fkk fd ekeyk ysunsu dk gS] m/kkjh ds
iSlksa dk gS vkSj ml laca/k esa egkohj eSMhdy ds fcy Hkh
gSaA mlds ckotwn Hkh vkjksi i= is'k fd;k x;k gS vkSj ,-lh-
ch- }kjk dsoy ek= Vsi dk;Zokgh dks lQy cukus ds fy, ;g vkjksi
i= U;k;ky; esa is'k fd;k gS] tks mfpr ugha gSA

i=koyh ds voyksdu ls ;g izdV gS fd :i;s cjkenxh ds laca/k

esa vfHk;qDr ds gkFkksa dh vaxqfy;ksa dk /kksou fy;k x;k gS
vksj mUgsa lhYM djds ,Q-,l-,y fHktok;k x;k gS A lhYM iSdsV
vkfVZdy 1 ls 9 nksuksa gkFkksa dh vaxqfy;ksa] ilZ o iSaV
dh /kksou esa fQukYQFkyhu ikÅMj ik;k x;k gS] tks ,Q-,l-,y-
fjiksVZ izn'kZ ih-24 ls lkfcr gSA ysfdu tSlk fd U;kf;d n`"Vkar
2015 Cr. L.R. (SC) 382 C. Sukumaran vs. State of Kerla esa ekuuh;
mPpre U;k;ky us O;Dr fd;k gS fd ,Q-,l-,y- fjiksVZ] ftlesa
fQukYQFkyhu ikÅMj ik;k x;k gS] og fu'p;kRed lcwr ugha gS
vkSj ;g er O;Dr fd;k gS fd%&
Phenophtalein test cannot be said to be conclusive proof as the lime solution in
which the appellants hands were dipped in, did not show the pink colour,

17
Explanation given b the Trial Court that colour could be faded by lapse of time
ins not acceptable-Held, Prosecution has failed to prove the offence beyond
reasonable doubt.

bl izdkj mijksDr foospu ls vkSj QnZ cjkenxh izn'kZ ih-6 ls

;g rks izdV gS vfHk;qDr ds dCts ls 900 :i;s cjken gq, gSa vkSj
mudh /kksou esa Hkh fQukYQFkyhu ikÅMj ds va'k ik;s x;s
gSa] ysfdu dsoy cjkenxh ds vk/kkj ij vfHk;qDr dks rc rd
nks"kfl) ugha fd;k tk ldrk] tc rd fd voS/k ekax lkfcr ugha gks
vkSj bl laca/k esa ekuuh; mPPre U;k;ky; us U;kf;d n`"Vkar
2015Cr.L.R. (SC) 382 C. Sukumaran vs. State of Kerla o (2009) 15 Supreme

Court Cases 200 State of Maharashtra Vs. Snyaneshwar Laxman Rao

esa ;g O;Dr fd;k gS fd%&

Demand of illegal gratification is sine qua non for constitution an
offence.

blh izdkj vfHk;qDr dh rjQ ls izLrqr vU; U;kf;d n`"Vkar

2014 Cr.L.R. (SC) 445 B. Jayaraj Vs. State of A.P. esa Hkh ;g O;Dr fd;k
gS fd%&
Demand of illegal gratification is sine qua non to constitue the offence
u/s. 7.Mere possession and recovery of currency notes is not sufficient unless it
is proved beyond doubt that the accused voluntarily accepted the money
knowing it to be a bribe.

lk{; ls ;g Li"V gS fd voS/k jkf'k dh ekax lkfcr ugha gS

vkSj vfHk;qDr us ;g tkurs gq, fd ;g fj'or dh jkf'k gS] 900 :i;s
Lohdkj fd;s gksa] ,slh lk{; ugha gSA cfYd cdk;k m/kkj ysunsu
dk ekeyk ik;k gSA Hkz"Vkpkj fuokj.k vf/k- ds vijk/k ds fy,
voS/k ekax djuk vkSj mlh d vuqØe esa tkurs gq, fj'or jkf'k

18
Lohdkj djuk] ;s egRoiw.kZ ?kVd gS vkSj bl izdj.k esa bldk
iw.kZr% vHkko gSA

i=koyh ds voyksdu ls lg izdV gs df nkSjkus cjkenxh

dk;Zokgh ihry ds 3 VSx o 2 LokLF; izek.k i= cjken fd;s x;s gSa
vkSj QnZ cjkenxh izn'kZ ih-6 ds vuqlkj ifjoknh nkSyrjke us ihry
ds 3 VSx uEcj 12421] 12494 o 12468 rFkk MkDVj jkts'k
xqIrk }kjk tkjh'kqnk 3 LokLF; izek.k i= Mcy izfr;ksa esa fudky
dj is'k fd;s] tks otg lcwr gksus dkj.k dCtk iqfyl fy;s x;sA ysfdu
ih-MCY;q-9 Vh-,y-vks- jkefuokl ;kno us eq[; ijh{k.k esa dFku
fd;k gS fd ^^vkjksih us vius dk;kZy; ls rhu Vksdu o HkSalksa ds
LokLF; lfVZfQdsV tks fnukad 02-09-04 dks tkjh fd;s gq,Fks]
eq>s Vhe ds le{k is'k fd;s] ftudksa otg lcwr 'kkfey i=koyh fd;k
x;kA^^ bl izdkj ih-MCY;q-9 jkefuokl Lo;a }kjk cuk;h xbZ QnZ
ds foijhr dFku fd;k gS vkSj nLrkosth o ekSf[kd lk{; esa
fojks/kkHkkl gSA QnZ esa mDr otg lcwr ifjoknh }kjk is'k djuk
crk;k gs] tcfd c;kuksa esa vkjksih }kjk is'k djuk crk;k gSA bl
laca/k esa vU; xokg ih-MCY;q-2 ujsUnzdqekj lksuh us fdlls
mDr VSx o izek.k i= cjken fd;s] dksbZ dFku ugha fd;k gSA ih-
MCY;w-7 egs'kdqekj c?ksyk us ifjoknh }kjk 3 VSx o LokLF;
izek.k i= is'k djuk crk;k gSA ih-MCY;q-6 jruflag us mDr VSx o
LokLF; izek.k i= tCr djuk rks dgk gS] ysfdu dgkW ls tCr fd;s]
dksbZ dFku ugha fd;k gSA ih-MCY;q-8 ifjoknh nkSyrjke us
dFku fd;k gS fd mDr VSx MkDVj lkgc us fn;s Fks] tks yksu
lSaD'ku ds fn;s Fks] ;s cSad esa nsus FkA mDr lk{; ds vuqlkj
mDr VSx o izek.k i= ifjoknh ds ikl Fks vksj tc ifjoknh ds ikl vk

19
x;s Fks rks vkjksih ds ikl dksbZ dk;Z yfEcr ugha jgkA ysunsu
okrkZ izn'kZ ih-13 esa ifjoknh us vkjksih ls VSx o izek.k i=
ekaxs gksa] mlus fn;s gksa ;k buds ,ot esa vkjksih us iSls ekax
gksa] okrkZ esa ,slk dksbZ o.kZu ugha gS vkSj vfHk;ksx ds
vuqlkj ifjoknh tc vkjksih ds ikl igqWpk] mlds ckn ls ckgj vkus
rd lkjh okrkZ Vsi esa fjdkMZ gqbZ gS rks fQj ;g rF; VªkalfØIV
okrZ esa vkuk pkfg, Fkk] tks ugha gSA blls ekeyk lansgkLin
gks tkrk gS fd VSx o izek.k i= ifjoknh ds ikl Fks rks :i;s nsus dh
dgkW vko';drk Fkh vkSj vkjksih ds bl Li"Vhdj.k dks cy feyrk
gS fd m/kkj ds iSls fn;s Fks vkSj mlds ikl dksbZ dk;Z yfEcr
ugha FkkA bl laca/k esa vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls izLrqr U;kf;d
n`"Vkar 1988 WLN (UC) 276 R.L. Bhatnagar Vs. State of Raj. esa
ekuuh; mPp U;k;ky; us ;g O;Dr fd;k gS fd %&
The accused is not required to prove his defefnce by the strict standard
of proof reasonable doubt, but, it is sufficient if be offeres an explanation of
defence which is probable, and once this is done, the presumption under section
4 stands rebutted.

blh izdkj U;kf;d n`"Vkar ¼2009½ 15 Supreme Court Cases 200

State of Maharasthra Vs. Dnayaneshwar Laxam Rao esa ekuuh; mPpre
U;k;ky; us ;g O;Dr fd;k gS fd %&
The accused is called upon to explain as to bow the amount in question
was found in his possession, the foundational facts must be established by the
prosecution-Even while invoking provision of S,20, the court is required to
consider the explanation offered by the accused, if any, only on the touchstone
of preponderance of probability and not on the touchstone of proof beyond all
reasonable doubt.

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 bl izdkj bu nksuksa U;kf;d n`"Vkarksa ds ifjis{; esa
vfHk;qDr d dFku o Li"Vhdj.k egRoiw.kZ gks tkrs gSa vkSj
mi/kkj.kk [kf.Mr gks tkrh gSA

?kVuk ds laca/k esa vk/kkjHkwr nLrkost rgjhjh fjiksVZ

izn'kZ ih-16 gS] ftlls bl izdj.k dk mn~Hko gqvk gS vkSj
vfHk;qDr ds fo:) fnukad 02-09-04 ls igys 1]000 :i;s vkSj fj'or
ysus dk vkjksi fojfpr fd;k x;k gSa bl laca/k esa fdlh xokg us
dkbZ dFku ugha fd;k gS fd ifjoknh us vkjksih dks crkSj fj'or
1]000 :i;s fn;s gksaA ;gkW rd fd vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh us mDr rF;
dks feF;k ik;k gS vkSj ftjg esa Li"V dFku fd;k gS fd ^^r¶rh'k esa
1]000 :i;s igys ysus okyh ckr lkfcr ugha ik;h Fkh] tSlk fd
fjiksVZ esa ifjoknh us fy[kk FkkA^^ rgjhjh fjiksVZ izn'kZ ih-16
ds vuqlkj Hkwfe fodkl cSad] jkex< ls _.k ikl gksuk crk;k gS]
tcfd LokLF; izek.k i= izn'kZ ih- 7 o ih-8 esa iatkc us'kuy cSad
vykoMk] jkex< gksuk vafdr gSA vFkkZr~ Hkwfe fodkl cSad ls
dksbZ _.k fy;k gS rks mlds nLrkost vyx gks ldrs gSa] ekstwnk
izdj.k ls mldk dksbZ laca/k ugha gSA ih-MCY;q-9 jkefuokl ;kno
us ftjg esa dFku fd;k gS fd HkSalksa ds yksu jkf'k ckcr ,d rgjhj
ekSds ij gh jruflag ds tfj;s cSad esa fHktok;h Fkh] ftldh QkbZy
vuqla/kkj vf/kdkjh us yh gks rks mls irk ughaA vFkkZr~
vuqla/kku ds nkSjku bl rgjhj ij D;k dk;Zokgh dh xbZ] D;k cSad
ls yksu dh i=koyh izkIr gqbZ] D;k og Hkwfe fodkl cSad dh
Fkh ;k iatkc us'kuy cSad dh Fkh] fdl cSad dks rgjhj Hksth] mDr
lHkh iz'u Hkh vuqRrfjr gSa] tks fd vfHk;ksx ds fy, egRoiw.kZ
lk{; gks ldrh FkhA ;fn mDr i=koyh izkIr dh gS vkSj lk{; esa is'k

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ugha dh gS rks vfHk;kstu ds fy, ?kkrd gSA ;fn mDr i=koyh izkIr
gh ugha dh gS rks ;g vuqla/kku ds Hkkx ij deh gSA

fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr dh vksj ls ,d rdZ;g Hkh

fd;k gS fd jfuax uksV esa 11 ,-,e- ds ckn lh/kk 12-05 ih-,e-fy[kk
gS] vkSj mlds ckn 5 ih-,e- fy[kk gSA vFkkZr~ ;g fjdkMZ ,d
lkFk cSBdj rS;kj fd; gS] ekSds ds vuqlkj dk;Zokgh ugha dh gSA
U;k;ky; bl rdZ ls lger ugha gS] D;ksafd 12-05 ih-,e- fy[kk tkuk
ek= fLyi vkWQ iSu gS] mlls izdj.k ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iMrk
gSA

fo}ku vf/koDrk vfHk;qDr us ,d rdZ ;g Hkh fd;k gS fd

ekSds ij prqFkZ Js.kh deZpkjh dk gksuk crk;k x;k gS] ysfdu mls
xokg ugha cuk;k x;k gS] tks vfHk;kstu ds fy, ?kkrd gSA U;k;ky;
bl rdZ ls lger ugha gSA ekeyk xokgku dh la[;k ds vk/kkj ij ugha]
cfYd xokgku ds dFkuksa dh xq.koRrk ds vk/kkj ij fuLrkfjr fd;k
tkrk gSA

bl izdkj mijksDr lk{; dk foospu djus ij o i=koyh ij miyC/k

lk{; ds vk/kkj ij ;g izdV gs fd vfHk;qDr us ifjoknh ls 900 :i;s
fnukad 02-09-04 dks izkIr fd;s gSa] ysfdu mDr jkf'k vfHk;qDr
us yksd lsod gksus ds ukrs vius vf/kdkjksa dk nq:i;ksx djrs gq,
voS/k ikfjrks"k.k dh ekax ds Øe esa izkIr dh gks] lkfcr ugha
gqvk gS vkSj uk gh vkjksi esa of.kZr rF;ksa ds vuqlkj 1]000 :i;s
fnukad 02-09-04 ls iwoZ voS/k ikfjrks"k.k ds :i esa izkIr djuk
lkfcr gqvk gSA vfHk;qDr }kjk rRdky fn;k x;k Li"Vhdj.k vkSj
c;ku eqfYte esa fn;k x;k Li"Vhdj.k dk coko lk{; ls leFkZu izkIr
gksrk gSA ;gkW rd fd vuqla/kku vf/kdkjh us Hkh ysunsu gksuk
22
gh ekuk gS vkSj vf/kfu;e dh /kkjk 20 ds rgr dh tkus okyh
mi/kkj.kk ds vfHk;qDr us iSls izkIr fd;s gSa rks og ekax ds
laca/k esa fd;s gSa] [kf.Mr gks tkrh gSA vfHk;ksx ds
vk/kkjHkwr nLrkost rgjhjh fjiksVZ izn'kZ ih-16 ds rF; gh lkfcr
ugha gq, gSaA ifjoknh Lo;a i{knzksgh ?kksf"kr gqvk gS vksj
xokgku ds dFkuksa esa o izys[kh; lk{; ds ijLij fojks/kkHkkl
gSA bl vf/kfu;e ds rgr vfHk;qDr dks nks"kfl) djus ds fy,
egRoiw.kZ ?kVd voS/k ikfjrks"k.k dh ekax djuk] mlds Øe esa
jkf'k izkIr djuk ;k LosfPNd Lohd`fr ¼Voluntary Acceptance½ vko';d
gS vkSj vfHk;kstu i{k dks viuk vfHk;ksx vfHk;qDr ds fo:) lansg
ls ijs lkfcr djuk vko';d gS] vU;Fkk fof/k ds lqLFkkfir fl)kar ds
vuqlkj vfHk;qDr lansg dk ykHk izkIr djus dk vf/kdkjh gksrk gS
vkSj bl izdj.k esa vfHk;qDr lansg ds vk/kkj ij nks"keqDr fd;s
tkus ;ksX; gSaA

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