EXERCI

SE
KEY
CLASSWORK

1. Twonucl
eihav
ethei
rmassesi
nther
ati
oof8:
27.Fi
ndt
heappr
oxi
mat
erat
iooft
hei
rradi
i
.
2. I
nthenucl
earr
eact
ion .Fi
ndt
heat
omi
candmassnumber
sofY.
3. I
nthenucl
earr
eact
ion ,
ident
if
yX.
4. I
nthenucl
earr
eact
ion ,
ident
if
yX.
5. I
nthenucl
earr
eact
ion ,
ident
if
yX.
6. Int henucl earreact
ion ,i
dentifyX.
238
7. Howmanyneut r
onsar epresentinthenuclides92U , 43Tc90and27Co60?
8. If19K41and18Agxar ei sot
ones, fi
ndthev al
ueofx.
24
9. Thesy mbol12Mg ( d, )denot esthatwhenmagnesi um isbombar dedwi
thdeut
eron,alphapar
ti
cleis
emi tted.Findthepr oductsinthef ol
l
owi ngnuclearreact i
ons.
40
(i)18Ar (, p) ( i)27Co59(
i n, )
(ii
i)6C12( d, ) ( iv)7N14(n,p)
209
10.Thel ar geststablenucleusi sthatofbismut hi
sotope83Bi .Howmanypr ot
onsandneutronsar
epresent
i
ni tsnucl eus?

11.Thesmal lestdif
ferencet hatcanbeor dinaril
ydet ectedwi t
hasensi t i
vechemi calbalancei s
–8
110 kg.Whati stheener gyequi val
entoft hismassi nmi ll
i
onj oule?
12.Fi onofU235r
ssi eleasesonanav er age200MeVofener gy.If50%oft hiscoul dbeconv er
t edult
imatelyint
o
electr
ical energy,fi
ndt henumberoff i
ssionsinonesecondi nanucl earreact orof6.4MW out put.
13.U235under goesaf i
ssiongi vi
ng0. 1%ofi tsor i
ginalmassr el
easedasener gy.Howmuchener gyisr el
eased
235 9
byanat om bombt hatcont ai
ns100kgofU .I f1t onofT. N.Tr eleases4x10 J,whati st heT.N.T
equivalentoft hebomb?
14.Whenasl owneut roni scapt uredbyaU235nucl eus, afi
ssionr el
easing( ont heav erage)200MeVr esult
s.If
thepowerofanucl earr eactori s1. 6MW, f
indthenumberofnucl eiunder goingfissi
onpersecond.
15.If0.1% oft hemassofU235 i sav ai l
ableasener gy ,how much92U235 shoul dunder gof i
ssionperdayi na
nuclearr eactorthatpr ovidespowerof100MW.
16.Togener ateapowerof130kW, thenumberoff issionspersecondofar adioactivesubst anceis6.25x1021.
Calculatet heenergyr eleaseddur ingt hef i
ssionofonenucl eus.
3
17.How muchener gymustaphot onhav ei fitist ospl i
tan - part
icleint oat r
it
ium (1He)a ndapr ot
on?
3 1
(assumemassof1H =3. 016050amuand1H =1. 007825amu, massof nucleus=4.00388amu)
2 4
18.Thebindi
ngenergypernucleonfordeut er
on( 1H )andhelium (2He) are1.1MeVand7. 0MeV.Whati st
he
ener
gyrel
easedwhendeut eronsfuset oform ahelium nucleus?
19.Themassesofneutronandpr ot
onar e1.0087amuand1. 0073amur especti
v ely
.Iftwoneutronsandtwo
prot
onscombinetoform ahelium nucleusofmass4. 0015amu, f
indthebindingener gyofnucleus.
20.Onegram ofhydr
ogenisconv ert
edinto0.993gr am ofhelium.Findt heenergyr el
eased.
21.I
nsi
det
hesun,
fourpr
otonscombi
nef
ormi
nghel
i
um nucl
eus( )
.Est
imat
etheor
derofnucl
earener
gy
 r
eleasedi
neachf
usi
on(
massofpr
oton=1.
007276amuandmassof nucl
eus=4.
00388amu)
.
22.Assumingthatf
ourpr
otonscombinetofor
m aheli
um nucl
eusandtwoposi
tr
onseachofmass0.
000549
amu,calcul
atet
heenergyrel
eased.Gi
venthatmassof =1. 007825amuandmassof =4.
002603
amu.
23.Cal
cul
atet
hebi
ndi
ngener
gyofni
tr
ogennucl
euswi
tht
hedat
am( )
=1.
00783amu,
mn=1.
00867amuand
m( )
=14.
00307amu.
24.Cal
cul
atet
heener
gyr
equi
redt
osepar
atet
het
ypi
calmi
ddl
emassnucl
eus i
ntoi
tsconst
it
uent
sif
m( )=1.
007825amu,
mn=1.
008665amuandm( )
=119.
902199amu.
235
25.Theenergyreleasedbyf issi
onofone92U at om is200MeV.Calculat
etheenergyrel
easedi
nKWH, when
1gram of92U235undergoesfission.
26.I
tisesti
mat edt hatt
heener gyr eleasedi ntheexplosi
onofatomicbombatHi r
oshimawas9x1013J.Ifon
aver
age200MeVener gyisreleasedi nthef i onofone92U235at
ssi om,calcul
ate(i
)thenumberofuranium
at
omswhi chhav eundergonef ission(i
i)themassofur ani
um usedforthebomb.
27.Howmuchener gywil
lber el
easedi fal
ltheatomsof1kgofdeut eri
um couldundergofi
ssi
on.
28.Fi
ndtheener gyemi t
tedwhen1kgofur anium undergoesf
issi
on.

ANSWERKEY

CLASSWORK

1) 2:
3 2) 90,
231
1
3) 1H 4) 2He4
5) 5B10 6)
7) 146;
47;
33 8) 40
43 56
9) 19K ; 25Mn ; 10)83;
126
10 14
5B ;6C
11)900 12)41017
13)9x1015J; 14)51016
2.25x106t
ons
15)96gr
ams 16)130MeV
17)19.
8MeV 18)23.
6MeV
19)28.
4MeV 20)631010J
21)23.
48MeV 22)25.
17MeV
23)102.
17MeV 24)1021MeV
25)2.
27810 4
26)2.8125x1024,
1097.35g
8x1013J
27)57. 28)25x106KWH