Basic electrical engineering

Module – IV
 Generator

AC Generator
(Alternator)
DC Generator
(Synchronous
Generator)
Constructional Details

● Prime Mover

● Field

● Armature

● Slip Rings
Prime Mover

● The prime mover is the component that is used

to drive the AC generator.

● The prime mover may be any type of rotating

machine, such as a diesel engine, a steam
turbine, or a motor.
Constructional Details

● Prime Mover

● Armature

● Field (Rotor)

● Slip Rings
Armature
Constructional Details

● Prime Mover

● Armature
Salient Pole rotor

● Field (Rotor)

● Slip Rings Non-Salient(Cylindrical) Pole

rotor
Field (Rotor)

● It is the revolving structure.

● The field in an AC generator

- consists of coils of conductors within the generator

that receive a voltage from a source (called excitation)
which produce a magnetic flux.
SALIENT POLE ROTOR CYLINDRICAL ROTOR
 SALIENT POLE ROTOR CYLINDRICAL ROTOR
1. Large Diameter & short axial 1. Small Diameter & long axial
length length.

2. Has projecting poles. 2. Has no projecting poles.

3. Used for low speed alternators. 3. Used for high speed alternators.

4. Needs damper winding. 4. Does not Need damper winding.

5. Windage loss is more. 5. Windage loss is less.

6. Normally speed up to the speed of 6. Normally speed up to the speed of

1200 rpm. 3000 rpm.
Principle of operation

● Input : Mechanical energy.

● Output : Electrical energy.

● Principle : Electromagnetic Induction.

● The field winding in the rotor is excited with DC
current as a result, alternate N & S poles are
developed on the rotor.

● When the rotor is rotated by the prime mover, the

armature conductors are cut by the magnetic flux
produced by the rotor poles.

● According to faraday’s law, an emf is induced in the

stator conductors.
The frequency of generated emf :
f = NP/120
where:
f = frequency (Hz)
P = total number of poles
N = rotor speed (rpm)
● What are the different types of alternators?
● List out the advantage of providing
stationary armature.
● Explain the working of synchronous
generator