Metals, Non-Metals, Metalloids

and the Periodic Table

 Matter and Elements
• Matter- anything that has mass and takes up
space

• Element- a pure substance that cannot be

broken down into a simpler substance by
physical or chemical means
 Three Categories of Elements

• Metals

• Non-metals

• Metalloids
 Metals
• Luster- shiny and reflective
• Reactive- how easily or quickly
• Malleable- can be hammered or an element combines with other
rolled into flat sheets or other substances
shapes
• Corrosive- the deterioration
(break down) of a metal because
• Ductile- can be pulled out or of a chemical reaction in the
drawn into long wires environment
• Most are solid at room
temperature, except Mercury

• Good Conductors-
– Thermal Conductivity- the ability of an
object to transfer heat
– Electrical Conductivity- the ability of
an object to carry electric current
 Metal Examples

• Some examples of metals and their atomic

symbols:
– Copper (Cu) − Mercury (Hg)
– Gold (Au) − Potassium (K)
– Sodium (Na) − Silver (Ag)
 Non-Metals

• Dull
• Not malleable/ ductile
• Poor conductors
• Reactive
• At room temperature, most are a solid or gas
 Non-Metal Examples

• Some examples of non-metals and their

atomic symbols:

– Oxygen (O) − Helium (He)

– Sulfur (S) − Chlorine (Cl)
– Neon (Ne) − Nitrogen (N)
 Metalloids
• Have properties of both metals and non-
metals
• Some are shiny, others dull
• Some are malleable and ductile
• Semi-Conductors- substances that can conduct
electric current under some conditions but not
under other conditions
– They conduct heat and electricity better than non-
metals, but less than metals.
• Reactive
 Metalloid Examples

• Here are the metalloids and their atomic

symbols:

– Boron (B) − Arsenic (As)

– Silicon (Si) − Antimony (Sb)
– Germanium (Ge) − Tellurium (Te)
– Polonium (Po)
 The Periodic Table

H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Ti Pb Bi Po At Rn

Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg
 The Periodic Table

H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Ti Pb Bi Po At Rn

Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg

The Metals are represented in the Periodic Table in blue.

 The Periodic Table

H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Ti Pb Bi Po At Rn

Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg

The Non-Metals are represented in the Periodic Table in yellow.

 The Periodic Table

H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Ti Pb Bi Po At Rn

Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg

The Metalloids are represented in the Periodic Table in green.

 The Periodic Table

H He

Li Be B C N O F Ne

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe

Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Ti Pb Bi Po At Rn

Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg

What do you notice about the way the element groups are
arranged in the Periodic Table?
Elements are arranged on a chart called
Periodic Table
the ________________.
Atomic Number
1

H
Hydrogen
Element Symbol

Element Name

1 Atomic Mass
 The Periodic Table
• A chart that organizes information about the
elements
• Dmitri Mendeleev classified the elements by
their properties
• He wrote the elements on cards with their
properties
• He arranged them according to their atomic
masses in rows
• 100 Greatest Discoveries#3
 Organization
• Each horizontal row is a period
– As you move across a period the atomic numbers
increase
• Each vertical column is called a group or a
family
– Elements in the same group have similar chemical
properties or characteristics
• http://www.brainpop.com/science/matterand
chemistry/periodictableofelements/