RESEARCH

PROPOSAL
Molluscicidal Activity of Chilli
Capsicum frutescens L. Leaf
Extract on Golden Kuhol
Pomacea canaliculata

 Hello Everyone!

WE ARE BATCH
ONE AND WE
WILL PRESENT
OUR RESEARCH
PROPOSAL!
 INTRODUCTION
Farming is the most important role when it comes to
Agriculture because agriculture provides most of the world’s
food and resources. Farming creates opportunities to lift people
out of poverty in developing nations. Agriculture plays a major
role in economic growth and development. As the provider of
food, it is a cornerstone of human existence. Crops that have
been bred or fertilized and can be produced by genetic
modifications to increase the rate of production are known as
high yield crops. High-yield crops is importance especially to
farmers because they can higher and improved yield of crops.
The high yield crops give better response
to fertilizers and thus, their production rate increases
substantially. And early maturation.

 In our study, we use the “Golden Kuhol” Pomacea canaliculata, commonly known
as Golden Apple Snails, are highly invasive and cause damage to rice crops. They
were introduced to Asia, from South America, in the 1980s as potential food for
people, but it unfortunately become a major major pest of rice. The golden apple
snail, popularly known as "golden kuhol" (Pomacea sp.), have muddy brown shell
and golden pinkish or orange-yellow flesh. They are bigger and lighter in color
compared to native snails. The golden apple snail is considered a major problem of
rice. If no control measure is taken, they can completely destroy 1 m2 of field
overnight. This damage could lead to more than 50% yield loss. Golden apple
snails eat young and emerging rice plants. They cut the rice stem at the base,
destroying the whole plant.
The chilli fruit is hollow with many seeds. They are found in different colors be like green, orange,
white, yellow and red. Its leaf that we will use in our study, contains a good source of vitamin A,
vitamin B, and antioxidants. They also contain a small amount of capsaicin, the component in the chili
pepper fruit that causes the hot sensation. The insecticidal properties of chilli is it acts as a stomach
poison, antifeedant and repellent to a number of pests.

 RELATED PHOTOS

There as you can see, the first figure is the Chili Leaves. Meanwhile, the second one is the
Golden Kuhol.
 We chose this study because this is an ecofriendly activity as we value our Earth’s resources in
the middle of the crisis. This study was for us to able to learn about pests and natural leaves to
be use as a second hand as pesticide. It also helps us learn the importance of our agriculture to
our lives and the benefits of it. We can able to stop the main problem of our rice crop and
agriculture as we find out if as we use a natural leaf to use as pesticide.
 OBJECTIVES
THIS STUDY AIMS TO DETERMINE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CHILLI CAPSICUM
FRUTESCENS L. LEAF EXTRACT AS MOLLUSCIDE ON GOLDEN KUHOL
POMACEA CANALICULATA.

Specifically, this study aims to:

2.
1.

Determine the molluscicidal activity of Determine the significant difference in the

chilli leaf extract on golden kuhol at molluscicidal activity of chilli leaf extract on
different golden kuhol at different concentrations
concentrations in terms of mortality when compared to a commercial molluscide
rate and effectivity time. in terms of

mortality rate and effectivity time.

 HYPOTHESIS
OF THE STUDY
Based on the objectives of the study presented. The following hypothesis will be put
forward:

1.1 There is no significant difference in the molluscicidal activity of chilli leaf extract on
golden kuhol at different concentrations in terms of mortality rate and effectivity time.

1.2 There is no significant difference in the molluscicidal activity of chilli leaf extract on
golden kuhol at different concentrations when compared to a commercial molluscide in terms of mortality rate and effectivity
time.

2.1 There is a significant difference in the molluscicidal activity of chilli leaf extract on golden kuhol at different
concentrations in terms of mortality rate and effectivity time.

2.2 There is a significant difference in the molluscicidal activity of chilli leaf extract on golden kuhol at different
concentrations when compared to a commercial molluscide in terms of mortality rate and effectivity time.

CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
OF THE STUDY
The diagram on the next page shows the
relationship of variables on the Molluscicidal
Activity of Chilli Capsicum frutescens L. Leaf
Extract on Golden Kuhol Pomacea canaliculata.
 Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Treatment A
20ml chilli leaf extract (100%) + 10 golden kuhol + 100ml water Mortality Rate

Treatment B
15ml chilli leaf extract (75%) + 10 golden kuhol + 100ml water

Treatment C
10ml chilli leaf extract (50%) + 10 golden kuhol + 100ml water Chili Leaf Extract

Treatment D
5ml chilli leaf extract (25%) + 10 golden kuhol + 100ml water

Treatment E
20ml water (100%) + 10 golden kuhol + 100ml water

Treatment F
20ml commercial molluscide (100%) + 10 golden kuhol + 100ml Effectivity Time
water

 SI GNI FICA NCE O F THE ST UDY

This study will focus on Molluscicidal Activity of Chilli Capsicum frutescens L. Leaf
Extract on Golden Kuhol Pomacea canaliculata.

In this study, the farmers will benefit a lot because they can create an
environment friendly molluscide that can kill golden kuhol in their farms that is
not toxic to people and the environment. As a result, this will help farmers to
increase the productivity of their harvest.
SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE
STUDY
This study aims to determine the Molluscicidal Activity of Chilli Capsicum
frutescens L. Leaf Extract on Golden Kuhol Pomacea canaliculata. It will be
conducted at University of Antique Laboratory high school, Science
Laboratory Room, Sibalom, Antique from the month of May 1, 2022 to
June 30, 2022.
The variable that will be evaluated in the study are mortality rate and
effectivity time on the effect of chilli leaf extract to golden kuhol. The
experiment will use 6 (six) treatments with 3 (three) replicates each.
The obtained data from the study will be subjected to the following
descriptive and inferential statistical treatments. The statistical tool used in
the study will be the mean to determine the average.

 DEFINITION OF TERMS
Molluscide
- also known as snail baits, snail pellets or slug pellets, are - are mildly bitter and nowhere near as hot as the fruit, are
pesticides against molluscs, which are usually used in
agriculture or gardening, in order to control gastropod
pests specifically slugs and snails which damage crops or
other valued plants by feeding on them.
- designed to kill mollusks, specifically snails and slugs in
agricultural circumstances.
Golden Kuhol
-a species of large freshwater snail with gills and an
operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family
Chilli Leaves
cooked as greens in Filipino cuisine, where they are called
dahon ng sili (literally "chili leaves"). They are used in the
chicken soup tinola.
- contain the high source of antioxidant which can kill insects
or pest.
Mortality Rate
- a measure of the frequency of occurrence of death in a
defined population during a specified interval.

Ampullariidae, the apple snails. - Approximately 7 out of 10 of the golden apple snail mortality

percentage on the control treatment for both sizes
- the golden apple snail is considered a major problem of rice. respectively.

 Effectivity Time
- a measure of the effectiveness in a period of time.
- Approximately about 10 minutes in a one golden kuhol as it loses its stamina and then
die.

 RESEARCH DESIGN AND

METHODOLOGY

Material and Methods

Collection and Preparation of Research Equipment, Materials, and Tools

For this research, the researchers will collect one hundred eighty (180) golden kuhol to be
used as the subjects for experimentation. It will be collected at a single source at Sibalom,
Antique. On the other hand, three (3) kilograms of chilli leaves will be collected as well from the
source. It will be collected at around 6:00 to 7:00 in the morning. This will be used as the
chemical or treatment to kill golden kuhol. These materials and subjects of the study will be
brought to University of Antique -Science Laboratory Room for the conduct of the study. In this
study, other materials that will be used in the study are beaker, graduated cylinder, pair of
scissors, funnel, Erlenmeyer flask, filter paper, mortar and pestle, blender or juice extractor, tap
water, and clean cheese cloth.
 RESEARCH STUDY DESIGN

Experimental research design will be employed by the researchers in this study. In

particular, complete randomized design (CRD) will be utilized. Furthermore, there will be two
groups that will be present in the study. The first one is the experimental group containing
Treatment A, B, C, and D. On the other hand, the second group will be the control group
composed of Treatment E (negative control) and Treatment F (positive control).

For this study, experimental research will be employed to determine the molluscicidal activity
of chilli leaf extract on golden kuhol. In addition, the study will have six (6) treatment and three
(3) replicates each. The experimental activities for this study will be done on June 1, 2022 to
June 30 2022.
 The six (6) treatments are as follows:
Treatment A – 100% chilli leaf extract + 50 mL water + 10 golden
kuhol
Treatment B – 75% chilli leaf extract + 50 mL water + 10 golden
kuhol
Treatment C – 50% chilli leaf extract + 50 mL water + 10 golden
kuhol
Treatment D – 25% chilli leaf extract + 50 mL water + 10 golden
kuhol
Treatment E –(Negative control) 100% water+ 50 mL water + 10 golden
kuhol
Treatment F –(Positive control) 100% commercial molluscide+ 50 mL
water + 10 golden kuhol
RESEARCH PROCEDURES
1. Preparation of Materials
In this study, the researchers will collect and prepare 18 pieces of 250 mL
beaker, 2 pairs of scissors, 3 pieces of mortar and pestle, 2 funnel, 2 Erlenmeyer
flasks, filter paper, 6 medicine droppers, 2 graduated cylinders, and one blender
or juice extractor. These materials that are needed in the study will be placed
at UA-Science Laboratory Room. All materials to be used in the study will be
cleaned and sterilized to make sure that no contamination will happen that
might affect the result and validity of the study. Also, the materials will be air-
dried for 24 hours before using it for experimentation.
 2. Preparation of Set-up
For this study, the set-up will be placed at UA-Science Laboratory Room.
It will include of six treatments and three replicates. Each treatment that is
placed in a beaker to be used in the study will be labeled accordingly like
Treatment 1-Replicate 1, Treatment 1-Replicate 2, and so on and so forth. Also,
the set-up of the study will be properly secured to ensure that no extraneous
variable can affect the results of the study. For each treatment and its
corresponding replicate, it should contain 10 golden kuhol that will be
subjected to the application of treatment which is the chilli leaf extract. This
will be observed for possible mortality.
3.Preparation and application of chilli leaf extract

In this study, 2 kilograms of young chilli leaves will be collected from the
source from 6:00AM-7:00AM. It will be brought to the science laboratory room.
It will be washed and cleaned with running water from the faucet. Then, it will
be air-dried for 6 hours. After it, it will be placed to the mortar and pestle for
grinding. The grinded chilli leaves will be transferred to a clean cheese cloth
and will be extracted to a beaker. To make sure that the extract is fine and do
not contain any residue, a filter paper will be placed in a funnel together with
the erlenmeyer flask. The extract will be placed in a reagent bottle to be used
to kill the golden kuhol in the setup given.
 4.Measurement of Mortality rate and Effectivity time
The chilli leaf extract will be poured to each treatment every six hours. Then,
every hour the golden will be observed as to their mortality. It will be recorded
in the logbook for data collection. Mortality rate will be determined every hour
per treatment and replicate. On the other hand, the time or day that all
goldenkuhol are dead will be used as data for the effectivity time.

5. Proper waste disposal

After experimental activities, the borrowed tools, equipment, and materials
were washed, cleaned, sanitized, sterilized, and returned to the Science
Laboratory of St. Anthony’s College for safety and for future use. Excess and
used materials after the experiment were placed inside in an organic container
and were buried thirty (30) centimeters below the ground.
 REFERENCES

Journal Article

Kremer, W. (2015, October 5). Is the chilli pepper friend or foe? BBC News. Retrieved 2016, April 1 from BBC website: http://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-34411492

Web Pages

National Geographic Org The Art and Science of Agriculture

Retrieved May 29, 2022
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/agriculture/#:~:text=Agriculture%20provides%20most%20of%20the,of%20the%20world%20to%20another

Blockworks What is yield farming?

Retrieved May 29, 2022 from
https://blockworks.co/what-is-yield-farming-what-you-need-to-know/

Oecd.org Sustainable agriculture

Retrieved May 30, 2022 from
https://www.oecd.org/greengrowth/sustainable-agriculture/48258861.pdf

Free-ias-prep (2022, April 26) High Yield Crops

Retrieved May 30, 2022 from
https://byjus.com/free-ias-prep/high-yield-crops/

IRRI Rice Knowledge Bank Golden Apple Snail

Retrieved May 31, 2022 from
http://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/growth/pests-and-diseases/golden-apple-snailshttp://www.knowledgebank.irri.org/step-by-step-production/growth/pests-and-diseases/golden-apple-
snails#:~:text=Golden%20apple%20snails%20have%20muddy,Golden%20apple%20snail

Norish Magazine Health benefits of chillies

Retrieved June 3, 2022 from
https://nourishmagazine.com.au/health/health-benefits-of-chillies/

Practicalation.org Chilli pepper as natural pesticide

Retrieved June 3,2022 from
https://answers.practicalaction.org/our-resources/item/natural-pesticides-chilli-pepper/
 GRADE 9 VOLSTAGG STE

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