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HADM-GCT Semi
HADM-GCT Semi
HADM-GCT Semi
이일완
GCT Semiconductor, Inc.
Session : 사실 표준화 기구 #3
May 24, 2019 (11:40 ~ 12:00)
❑ Introduction [ p. 2 ]
◆ Scope of the presentation(HADM)
◆ Applications of HADM [ p. 3 ]
http://www.tta.or.kr/data/reporthosulist_view.jsp?kind_num=5&hosu=2019
3
direction+
direction(angle)-only
(precise) distance 2
d1
1 d2
∆𝒓𝟐
frequency distance(linear)
fc
∆𝒅𝟏 ∆𝒅𝟐
UWB (> 500MHz or fc /5) ∆𝒅𝟏 < ∆𝒅𝟐
phase
✓ Typical range of BLE ~ 10 m : seems to be enough
❑ Weak to interferer, multi-path channel.
distance
𝒄 ∆∅
𝒅= ∙
𝟒𝝅 ∆𝒇
Reflector
Initiator (Rx)
(Tx)
f1
1
Reflector
Initiator (Tx)
(Rx)
Reflector
Initiator (Rx)
(Tx)
❑ Vernier Scale
◆ A visual aid for accurate measurement reading between two graduation markings
◆ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernier_scale
◆ Devices : Vernier Caliper
❑ Vernier Delay Line for Time Difference Amplification in Integrated Circuit Design
◆ Vernier Delay Line based TDC(Time-to-Digital Converter)
main
Vernier
Read-out : 10.02 mm
Vernier Constant : 0.01 mm = 1 - 9/10 mm
𝒑 𝒑
𝒅= ∙
𝟐 𝜹𝒑
Frequency Error
1st Phase Measurement n-th Phase Measurement
Measurement
Frequency
compensation
Frequency
of a tone signal
Antenna
in either side of #0 #0 #1 #2 #3 #0 #1 #2 #3 #0 #1 #2 #3 #0 #1 #2 #3
Initiator/
Reflector
Tx Rx
❑ Initial proposal of QTE used only a tone signal for the phase ranging.
◆ No device to detect the interferer.
◆ Side info on the packet can be used to protect the relay attack.
◆ Tone is prepended (not appended) to the reflector packet.
✓ To minimize the clock frequency drift.
❑ ToF can be measured simultaneously during the QTE with a switching data in the packet.
◆ ToF measurement result can be used unfold the phase ranging result limited to 75m.
Secure QTE Packet from the initiator Secure QTE Packet from the reflector
with appended tone signal. with prepended tone signal.
Minimize the clock frequency drift
PMU in
reflector
❑ US Patent : 8,644,768 B2
◆ Inventor : Wolfram Kluge
Eric Sachse
◆ Date of Patent : Feb. 4, 2014
◆ Filed : Dec 20, 2009
◆ Priority Date : Dec 30, 2008 (DE)
◆ ATMEL
✓ https://mentor.ieee.org/802.15/documents
✓ No comments on the base document is found.
❑ Failed to be standardized.
15-09-0613-01-004f-ranging-with-ieee-802-15-4-narrow-band-phy.ppt 2009
2012
15-12-0651-00-004n-ranging-with-ieee-802-15-4-narrow-band-phy.pptx
2013
15-13-0180-00-004n-integration-of-ranging-capabilities-with-phy-supporting-cmb.pptx
Acquisition of ATMEL
by Microchip in 2016
Morgan Stanley
US Patent 8 644 768
Patents on using https://www.microchip.co
active reflector to System, method, and m/announcements/micro
Phase Ranging circuit for distance me JP Morgan Chase chip-technology-inc-acqu
asurement between tw ires-atmel
o nodes of a radio net
work
Wells Fargo
The inventor still works
in microchip.
ATMEL @ 2013
0.2m @ 2015
0.06m @ 2016
0.033m @ 2017
❑ Jacek Rapinski and Michal Smieja, “ZigBee Ranging using Phase Shift Measurements”, (2015)
◆ https://doi.org/10.1017/S0373463315000028
❑ Georg von Zengen et al, “No-Cost distance estimation using standard WSN radios”, (2016)
◆ https://doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOM.2016.7524540
❑ A frank review by a geek & blogger, Josh (2013)
◆ https://wp.josh.com/2013/05/23/first-look-at-distance-measurement-using-the-at86rf233-chip/
RRF(f) Q
RBB(f) TRF(f1)=TRF(f2)
Measurement
RBB(f2)
Phase
RBB(f1)
I
RRF(f1)=RRF(f2)
Zero is
Calibration
not aligned.
Phase
TRF(f)
TBB(f) := RBB(f) * CRF(f)
❑ Wibree(the code name for Bluetooth Low Energy) was initially proposed to 802.15 TG4.
◆ Year : 2001
◆ http://grouper.ieee.org/groups/802/15/pub/2001/Jul01/
✓ 01230r1P802-15_TG4-Nokia-MAC-Proposal1.ppt
✓ 01231r2P802-15_TG4-Nokia-PHY-Proposal1.ppt
◆ A brief story can be found in ch 7 of “Essentials of short-range wireless” by Nick Hunn.
✓ 802.15.4 TG => Wibree => Bluetooth LE
✓ However, it is noted that
Not exactly the same as that of current Bluetooth Low Energy.
Separation of data channel and broadcast channel for fast scanning and connection.
Tried to share the hardware resource with Bluetooth as much as possible.
❑ Release of the Bluetooth Low Energy in Bluetooth v4.0 (2009)
❑ Introduction of iBeacon by Apple(2013) made the BLE as the necessity of smartphone.
◆ Complementary function between WiFi(network) and Bluetooth(audio)
◆ A single chip implementation of WiFi and Bluetooth.
❑ What is your opinion on the destiny of the Phase Ranging in Bluetooth?
◆ It does not mean that all the Bluetooth features will succeed and survive, as in
✓ Transfer of picture : OPP(Object Push Protocol) => WiFi DirectTM => Cloud Storage.
✓ WiFi LocationTM is already is already in service since Android Oreo version.
✓ Mesh 1.0 : Flooded Forwarding - Poor network performance compared with Zigbee, Thread
BR/EDR
* head-set
* old smartphone
BR/EDR + LE
* recent smartphone
* TWS head-set (2 for left & right)
LE
* beacon, tag
* wearable devices
2009
Kirkland Berlin(upf61)
(office of Bluetooth-SIG)
Vancouver
Malta
2018
upf59 Discussion on
upf60
HADM @ CSWG
Paris
2019
New Orleans
upf65
Lisbon
Dallas Vienna
2020 ?
❑ 이일완, “블루투스 기반 실내 측위 표준화 동향”, TTA 저널, vol. 183, 2019년 5~6월.
◆ http://tta.or.kr/data/reporthosulist_view.jsp?kind_num=1&hosu=183
❑ 이일완, “Phase Ranging에 기반한 차세대 Bluetooth 표준의 High Accuracy Distance
Measurement”, ICT 국제표준화 전문가 표준화 보고서, 2019년 3월 27일
◆ https://expert.tta.or.kr/rep/reportView.do?selectedId=1281