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NAME: _________________________________________
GRADE/SECTION: _____________________________

GENERAL CHEMISTRY 1
Semester II – Week 1
Properties of Matter

CONTEXTUALIZED LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEETS

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PUERTO PRINCESA CITY
Senior High School– Grade 11
Contextualized Learning Activity Sheets (CLAS)
Semester II - Week 1a: Properties of Matter
First Edition, 2020
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 Lesson 1
Properties of Matter
MELC: Use properties of matter to identify the substances and to separate
them. STEM_GGC11-MP-Ia-b-5
Describe various simple separation technique such as distillation and
chromatography. STEM_GC11MPIa-b-12

Objectives: 1. Define physical and chemical properties of matter

2. Identify the different physical and chemical properties of matter
3. Use properties of matter to identify substances
4. Describe methods to separate the components of mixtures

Let’s Try
Directions: Read and understand each statement carefully. Choose the letter
corresponding to the correct answer and write it on the space provided before the
number.
1. What property of matter is exhibited when metals react with oxygen
to form oxides?
a. Chemical property c. Physical property
b. Decantation d. Melting

2. Which of the following refers to the extensive and

intensive properties of matter?
a. Chemical property c. Filtration
b. Distillation d. Physical property

3. Which of the following describes flotation?

a. It is also known as supernatant liquid
b. Some sediment is spotted at the bottom of the container
c. It involves the evaporation and condensation of volatile liquid
d. Some solids of a suspension mixture are allowed to settle and
the less dense material is poured off

4. Which of the following process separates the solid matter

by using a medium in which only the fluid can pass through?
a. Chromatography c. Reactivity
b. Filtration d. Winnowing

5. Which of the following is an example of chemical change?

a. Boiling point c. Physical property
b. Chemical property d. rusting

6. Which of the following method incorporates evaporation

and condensation to separate a mixture?
a. Centrifugation c. Flotation
b. Distillation d. Mechanical separation

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 7. Which of the following is the technique that separates the
particle of stone of different sizes and sand by using a screen?
a. Chemical property c. Sieving
b. Handpicking d. Threshing

___________8. A loaf of bread has a mass of 500 g and volume of 2500 cm3. What is
the density of the bread?
a. 1, 250 Kg/cm3 c. 1.2 Kg/ cm3
b. 1, 250 g/ cm3 d. 1.2 g/ cm3

9. An ice cream melts due to the intense heat of the sun. Melting is
an example of what property of matter?
a. chemical c. intensive
b. extensive d. physical

10. What method is used to separate the lighter substance by

the help of the wind?
a. Husk method c. Threshing
b. Sieving d. Winnowing

In our previous lesson, we learned that

matter is anything that occupies space and has
mass. It is classified into pure substances and
mixture. Mixture can be separated by physical
means but not pure substances.
There are two types of pure substance
which are the compound and element.
Compounds decomposed into smaller substance
but not the element. Mixture on the other hand
could be uniform in appearance or composed of
two or more phases which we described as
homogenous and heterogeneous mixtures,
respectively.
To gain insights about the properties of
matter, study the semantic diagram below.

How does the substance

react with air, acid, base,
water and other
substances?
Chemical Intensive properties-
Properties Color, odor melting point,
Properties of luster, hardness, density,
Matter boiling point, conductivity,
temperature, ductility
Physical
Properties
Extensive properties
include mass, volume,
length, and shape
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 Properties of matter are generally grouped into two categories: Physical
and chemical. Physical properties can be measured without changing its
composition. It can be extensive or intensive. Extensive properties do depend
on the amount of matter that is present. Examples are weight, length, shape
and volume. In contrast, intensive properties do not depend on the amount
of the substance.
Chemical properties of matter on the other hand, depends on the
reaction of a substance to another substance. The change in the chemical
composition of substance can be observed once chemical change occur.

Physical and Chemical Changes in Matter

Physical change does not cause a substance to become a fundamentally
different substance. Cutting, tearing, shattering, grinding, and mixing
changes the shape, volume, length and mass of the object but not its
composition. Melting, freezing, breaking of glass, setting of a jelly, melting of
ice or butter, boiling and condensing are common examples of physical
changes because they do not alter the composition of a substance.

Figure 1. The following undergoes physical change since no new substance is form
during the process. (a) When solid wax is heated and forms liquid wax. (b) melting ice
turn into liquid water, and (c) steam condensing inside a kettle.

In chemical change, the atoms in compounds are rearranged to make

new and different compounds with different chemical and physical
properties. For example, burning of wood produces ash, carbon dioxide, and
water. Also, rotting, cooking, and rusting are produced from the reaction of
2 or more different substances.
A change in color or odor also indicates chemical change. The heat from
cooking eggs changes the color and smell of the egg whites. The protein’s
structure is also changed, therefore changing the egg white from translucent
to opaque.

Properties of matter can be

used to identify substances. It
would be dangerous to smell and
taste unknown substance. You
can use their properties to identify
them safely.
To determine the difference
among several colorless liquids,
scientists would use additional
tests. Their tests, however, would
Figure 2. rely on the same idea of measuring
and comparing the properties of an
unknown with something that is
already known such as density.

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 Density is defined as the amount of matter in an object expressed in
mass over volume (ρ=m/v). It is the relative “heaviness” of an object with
constant volume.
Practice exercise: Solution:
mass
1. A block of wood has a density of 0.75 ρ=
g/cm3 and a volume of 1.2 cm3. What volume
is the mass of the block of wood?
g mass
= 0.75 3 =
In this case, the mas of the wood can cm 1 .2 cm3
be identified using the given variables.
= 0.9 grams
Given: ρ = 0.75 g/cm3
v = 1.2 cm3
Below are densities of common substances:

Table 1: Densities of common substances.

Solids Density Liquids Density Gases Density

(at 250C) (g/cm3) (at 250C) (g/cm3) (at 25 °C,1 atm) (g/L)
Iron 7.9 Mercury 13.6 Dry air 1.20

Wood 0.75 Ethyl alcohol 0.79 Oxygen 1.31

Ice 0.92 Olive oil 0.92 Nitrogen 1.14

Sugar 1.59 Water (4oc) 1.00 CO2 1.80

Bone 1.80 Blood Plasma 1.03 Helium 0.16

Aluminum 2.70 Milk 1.04 Neon 0.83

Cement 3.00 Mercury 13.6 Radon 9.1

Diamond 3.52 Acetone 0.79

Silver 10.5 Glycerin 1.26

Lead 11.3 Olive oil 0.92

Gold 19.3 Gasoline 0.66

(Source: " Reaction Yield" by Paul Flowers, William R. Robinson, PhD, Richard Langley,
Klaus Theopoldhttps://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-4-measurements. Creative
Commons Attribution License 4.0)

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 Methods of Separating Mixtures

a. Centrifugation
It uses an instrument that speeds
up the settling of precipitate. The
precipitate settles at the bottom of the
instrument once it gains centripetal
force. The supernatant is then poured
off from the container.

(Source: “Separation Processes: Centrifuges” by Kevin Dunn.

https://learnche.org/wiki_4M3/images/e/e9/2014-4M3-Centrifuges.pdf. Creative
Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0

b. Fractional Distillation
It is used to separate mixtures
based from their boiling points.
The crude oil heated into gas, cooled and
condensed to produce gasoline,
lubricating oil and kerosene and other
products.
(Source: “Fractional Distillation” by Wikipedia.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_distillation. Creative Commons Attribution-
ShareAlike 4.0. CC BY-SA 3.0

c. Winnowing
After threshing, grains need to be cleared
out of husks and chaffs. The husk and
chaff are blown away by the strong wind
or air when the farmers drop the mixture
from a certain height to the ground. The
heavier grains are collected at one place.
(Source: “Methods of Separating Mixtures” by Shilpi Nagpal. https://classnotes.org.in/class-
6/science/separation-of-substances/threshing-winnowing-hand-picking/.

d. Threshing
A method used to separate grains of
rice from dried stalks after harvest.
The grain is then separated from the
stalks and grounded into the floor by
beating the dry stalks to shake off the
dried grains.

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Figure 3. (a) Evaporation process. (b) Sedimentation. (c) Floatation

e. Evaporation
This process typically involves heating the mixture until no more liquid
remains. This method is suitable to separate a soluble solid from a liquid.
Production of salt usually incorporates this method up to this day.

f. Sedimentation
It is a process by which heavier particles in liquid substance settles
at the bottom of the container. It may take some time for sediment to settle.
The liquid can be poured off afterwards.

g. Floatation
Gold is a very rare commodity that always comes with a hefty price for
collectors. During 1840s, miners use gold “panning technique or floatation” to
separate gold particles from soil. The soil is placed in a pan and swirl it so that
the less dense particles can be easily scoop out from the top layer of the pan.
The heavy particles of gold settles at the bottom and is then manually collected.

Figure 4. (a) Sieving. (b) Hand picking. (c) Filtration process

h. Sieving
A process of separating mixtures with different sizes. The mixture
usually passes through a medium with pores of the sieve. All the smaller
substances pass through easily while the bigger components of the mixture
are retained.

i. Handpicking
It involves picking out all the unwanted particles in a solid mixture by
hand. The unwanted impurity may be thrown away just like how we
separate small stones from the grains of rice.

j. Filtration
It separates mixtures that is composed of large particles to be captured
with a porous material such as coffee filter. Particle size vary considerably,
given the type of mixture. For instance, stream water is a mixture that
contains naturally occurring biological organisms like bacteria, viruses,
and protozoans.

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 (Source: “Separating Mixtures” by Siyavula.
https://intl.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-7/separating-mixtures/07-separating-
mixtures?id=toc-id-10. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)

Figure 5. (a) Magnetic Separation. (b) Chromatography. (c) Experimental Set up of

Distillation

k. Magnetic Separation
This method incorporates the use of strong magnets to separate
magnetic components of a mixture. It is quite useful for substances that has
magnetic properties such as metals.

l. Chromatography
It uses a solution or suspension or as a vapor that passes through a
medium in which the components move at different rates. Thin-layer
chromatography is a special type of chromatography used for separating
and identifying mixtures that are or can be colored, especially pigments.

m. Distillation
Distillation is a process where the components of a liquid mixture are
vaporized and passes through a cooled tube or condenser and collected.
The condensate that is collected is called distillate.

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 Let’s Practice

Directions: Identify the word described by each statement. Choose your

answer from the box.

Chromatography Centrifugation Hand picking

Fractional distillation Distillation Winnowing
Magnetic Separation Floatation Evaporation
sedimentation Sieving Filtration

______________1. A process of separating a substance according to

their boiling points usually used in oil refineries.
______________2. It allows the liquid to pass through by using a filter
medium.
______________3. Separation of a substance and purification of
compounds based from the magnetic properties of the
mixture.
______________4. A process of separating mixtures by increasing the
temperature of a substance until all the liquid separates
from the solid components.
______________5. A mongo seed mix in the string beans separated by hand.

a. Directions: Let’s check your understanding by doing the following

activity. Tell whether the following statement describes Physical or
Chemical properties of matter. Write your answer in the blank before
the number.

__________1. A sack of rice is much heavier than a box of bricks.

__________2. The insecticide can help eliminate insect and bugs in the
rice field.
__________3. Two liters of water can make a person survive without food
for almost three weeks.
__________4. An odorless and colorless liquid that boils at 1000C is
probably water.
__________5. Rust formed by oxidation process when expose in moist
environment.

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b. Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if the
statement is incorrect. Write your answer on the space provided
before the number.

__________1. The properties of matter are divided into three, these are
physical, chemical and evaporation.
__________2. Physical property includes density, volume and toxicity.
__________3. Boiling points and densities of substances are used to
separate particles of solid and liquid substances by
floatation.
__________4. Sedimentation states that the heavy substance
subsides at the bottom of the container containing the
mixture.
__________5. Chemical properties of matter can be observed if substance
changes its identity.

Let’s Do More

a. Directions: Complete the table below by calculating the density of the

given substances. Use the density chart on page 4 to determine the
identity of the substance.

Substance density Mass Volume

1. Cannon 7.86 g/ cm 3 100 cm 3
Ball
2. _________ 944.75 g 48.9 cm 3
3. _________ 3.52 g/cm 3 5 g
4. _________ 1.0 g/cm 3 500 cm3

5. A block of wood has a mass of 6.0 g and a volume of 12.0 cm3.

What is the density of the block of wood? ____________________________

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Directions: Identify the methods of separating mixture used based on
the image below. Choose your answer from the box. Write your
answers in the space provided.

1. ___________________________________

2. __________________________________

3. _________________________

4. _______________________________

5. _______________________________

(Source: “Separating Mixtures” by Siyavula.

https://intl.siyavula.com/read/science/grade-7/separating-mixtures/07-separating-
mixtures?id=toc-id-10. Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)

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 Let’s Sum It Up

Directions: Read the following and provide the necessary information

to complete the paragraph. Choose your answers from the box.

Evaporation Chromatography melting

Matter intensive extensive
Physical Change Chemical Change Compounds,
Mixtures Distillation Condensation,

(1) _______________________ is anything that occupies space and has mass.

(2) _____________ can be measured without changing its composition and
do not depend on the amount of the substance. (3) ___________ properties
depend on the object’s mass, weight, length, shape and volume.
(4) ________________ does not cause a substance to become a
fundamentally different substance. In (5) __________________, the atoms
in compounds are rearranged to make new and different compounds with
different chemical and physical properties.
Atoms of different elements combine to form (6) ________________. Different
compounds combine to form (7) ____________. It can be separated using several
methods. Of them is the (8) _________________ which uses heat to convert the liquid
into gas and then convert it into liquid through the process of (9) _____________.
Another one is the (10) ________________ which uses a solution or
suspension or as a vapor that passes through a medium in which the
components move at different rates. Other methods could also be
incorporated depending on the types of mixtures to be separated.

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Directions: Read and understand each statement carefully. Choose the letter
corresponding to the correct answer and write it on the space provided
before the number.

1. Which of the following refers to the extensive and intensive

properties of matter?
a. Chemical property c. Filtration
b. Distillation d. Physical property

2. When metals react with oxygen to form oxides, it shows

what property of matter?
a. Chemical property c. Physical property
b. Sedimentation d. Melting

3. Which of the following is an example of chemical change?

a. Boiling point c. Physical property
b. Chemical property d. rusting

4. Which of the following method incorporates evaporation

and condensation to separate a mixture?
a. Centrifugation c. Flotation
b. Distillation d. Mechanical separation

5. Which of the following describes flotation?

a. It is also known as supernatant liquid
b. Some sediment is spotted at the bottom of the container
c. It involves the evaporation and condensation of volatile liquid
d. Some solids of a suspension mixture are allowed to settle and the
less dense material is poured off

6. Which of the following process separates the solid matter by

using a medium in which only the fluid can pass through?
a. Chromatography c. Reactivity
b. Filtration d. Winnowing

7. An ice cream melts due to the intense heat of the sun. Melting is an
example of what property of matter?
a. chemical c. intensive
b. extensive d. physical

8. What method is used to separate the lighter substance by the

help of the wind?
a. Husk method c. Threshing
b. Sieving d. Winnowing

9. Which of the following is the technique that separates the

particle of stone of different sizes and sand by using a screen?
a. Chemical property c. Sieving
b. Handpicking d. Threshing

10. A loaf of bread has a mass of 500 g and volume of 2500 cm 3. What is
the density of the bread?
a. 1, 250 Kg/cm3 c. 1.2 Kg/ cm3
b. 1, 250 g/ cm 3 d. 1.2 g/ cm3
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 Let’s Try

1. A 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. D

Let’s Practice Let’s Do More

Let’s Sum it up Let’s assess
1. 786 g 1. Matter,
2. 19.3 g/cm3 1. D
1. Fractional 2. intensive,
3. Gold, 2. A
distillation 3. extensive,
2. Filtration 1.42 g 3. D
4. Diamond, 4. Physical 4. B
3. Magnetic
Separation 500 g Change, 5. D
4. Evaporation 5. Water, 5. Chemical 6. B
5. Hand 0.5 g/cm3 Change, 7. D
Picking 8. D
6. Compounds,
9. C
7. Mixtures,
10. A
8. Distillation,
1. Physical 1. False 9. Condensation
2. Chemical 2. False 1. Evaporation 10. Chromatogra
3. Chemical 3. False 2. Distillation phy
4. Physical 4. True 3. Magnetic
5. Chemical 5. true Separation
4. Filtration
5. Sieving

References
Book

Department of Education. General Chemistry I. Quezon City. Commission

on Higher Education, 2016 Separation methods page 8.

Websites

Lumen. Chemistry for Non-Majors. “Methods for Separating Mixtures”.

accessed February 2, 2021.
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/cheminter/chapter/methods-for-
separating- mixtures/

Byju’s Classes. “Methods of Separation”. accessed February 2, 2021.

https://byjus.com/chemistry/methods-of-separation/

Baani. “What is Decantation?”. accessed February 2, 2021.

https://www.sarthaks.com/1014436/what-is-decantation-explain
with-diagram”.
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