English Flamingo PDF

ENGLISH Class 12th
Flamingo eBook
All Chapter & Poem
Important Question
E-BOOK
CH 1 THE
ST LAST
LESSON
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What changes did the order from Berlin cause in school that day ?
The Order Came From Berlin was shocking, There Was nothing but Silence
Everywhere in the school. The Students Got New Copies With 'France,
Alsace' Written On Those copies. Everyone Looked Sad And Serious. Old
People Of The Village Had Come To Thank M. Hamel For His Faithful forty
years’ Service.
That Day, Everyone Was very Quiet. The Only Sound Was The Scratching Of
Pens Over Paper.
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EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did Franz think of running away and spending the day out of
the door ?
Franz was late for the school. He feared that teacher would scold him and
ask questions on participles. He didn't know the first word about them.
He wanted to enjoy the drill of the Prussian soldiers , the chirping of the
birds etc. So he thought of running away and spending the day out .

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
For Franz , what was much more tempting than going to school
and Why ?
Franz were afraid of scolding at school as he had not prepared his lesson on
participles, on which his French teacher(M. Hamel) was about to question
the class that day. Apart from the warm and bright weather, the chirping of
birds and the look at Prussian soldiers drilling in the open field also
tempted Franz to stay away from the school.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What information did M. Hamel give to the students in his class ?
M. Hamel informed the students about the order came from Berlin
and it is your Last Lesson today. Only German language Will be
taught in the school of Alsace and Lorraine. He said that the new
master comes the next day.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why M. Hamel didn’t get angry with Franz for being late ?
M. Hamel didn't scold Franz and he said very kindly, go to your place quickly
little Franz. We were beginning without you. the government had ordered
to take German classes instead of French classes. So, M. Hamel was upset
on hearing this news, so he let him to enter the class without scolding.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did M. Hamel write 'Vive La France' on the Blackboard ?
Mr. Hamel was sad that day because German Language were imposed to
the French People so he wrote ‘Vive La France' means 'Long Live France’.
He respected his country and told them that French is the most beautiful
and most logical language in the world. Everyone must guard it from foreign
influence

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How was M. Hamel a different teacher while giving his last lesson ?
On the last day, M.Hamel was different both in his dress and behavior. That day he was
wearing a dress that he wore only on the days of inspection and prize - giving. He was in a
beautiful green court and a frilled shirt. He had a little black silk cap that was all
embroidered. Usually, he had an iron rod in his hand. But today he had it under his arm.
Usually, he was very strict, but now he was quite soft in his tone and words and he wanted
to impart all his knowledge in one day. While giving his lesson, M. Hamel always looked
energetic , but that energy was all gone now. He knew that French would no longer be
taught there and his student would forget all that he had taught them so far. Naturally, he
was different while giving his last lesson.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
E-BOOK
CH 2nd
Lost
Spring

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Who was Saheb ? What was his full name ? What was the irony about
his name ?
Saheb was a poor ragpicker. His full name was Saheb-e-Alam . It

means lord of the Universe. But he didn’t even know the meaning
of his name. He had no shoes to wear. Thus there was a deep
irony in his name.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is Saheb looking for in the garbage dumps ? Where is he
and where has he come from?
He is looking for some Silver coin, Money and any other useful
objects in the garbage. It is no less than gold for him. His family
migrated from Dhaka, Bangladesh to Seemapuri, Delhi. He is looking
for a source of living after uprooted from their native Place.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Is Saheb happy working at the tea - stall ? Explain.
Saheb was a ragpicker and by chance he got to work at tea – stall but he is
not happy because working for a master meant sacrificing his freedom. Even
though he earns 800Rs and all his meals.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Mention the hazards of working in the glass bangles industry.
Men have to work in dingy cells without air and light and stinking smell
choke their bodies. They lose the brightness of their eyes. They do blind
with the dust from polishing the glass bangles. The dazzling of sparking
of welding light and the high temperature.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
'Garbage to them is gold' why does the author say so
about the Ragpickers ?
“Garbage to them is gold” because it provides them those items

which can be sold for money. Garbage had become their only
source of earning for their survival. It is their daily bread. It also
means a roof over their heads. Thus it is the most valuable thing in
their life.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How, in your opinion, Can Mukesh realise his dream ?
Mukesh belong to the family of the bangle makers but Mukesh is

daring boy and he announces “He will be a Motor Mechanic”.
The determination and strong will of becoming a Motor Mechanic can
realise his dream. The garage is a long way from his home but he says
he will walk all that distance to make his dream come true.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does the Title `Lost Spring' convey ?
The Title ‘Lost Spring’ conveys the childhood like a spring because everything blooms
in this season. Spring symbolises happiness but the children living in slums and
poverty like Saheb and Mukesh have to work in miserable conditions and there is no
Spring in their life. There is no joy left for them.
Author here presents the horrific truth about the life of children in India who are
victims of child labour and are not allowed to grow and bloom freely. Their childhood
or springtime is lost.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How does the writer describe Seemapuri, a place on the

periphery of Delhi ?
OR
Give a brief account of the life and activities of the people like
Saheb-e-Alam settled in Seemapuri. (2011)
Seemapuri is a slum area located on the periphery of Delhi. Most of the

residents are migrated from Dhaka, Bangladesh. They live in structures
of mud. They have roofs of tin and tarpaulin. It does not have facilities
of sewage, drainage
P.T.O.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
or running water. About 10000 rag pickers live here. They have ration
cards. They have their names on voter lists.
For them, rag picking means survival. Garbage to them is gold. It is

their daily bread. It is a roof over their heads. For children it is even
more. For them, it is a thing wrapped in Wonder. When they find a
silver coin in a heap of garbage, they don't Stop probing it. They have
always a hope of finding more.

E-BOOK
CH 3RD DEEP WATER

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why was Douglas determined to get over his fear of water ?
Douglas visited many famous water spots but wherever he

went, the haunting fear of the water followed him. It ruined
his fishing trips, deprived him of the joy of canoeing,
boating, and swimming. So Douglas determined to get over
his fear of water

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Describe the writer’s childhood experience when he was three
or four years old ?
The writer's father took him to the beach in California. They stood together in
the surf. The writer hung on to his father, yet the waves knocked him down
and swept over him. He was buried in water and breath was gone. His father
laughed but he was frightened. He had terror in his heart at the
overpowering force of the waves.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why was the writer at first not much frightened when he was
thrown into the pool ?
Or
What did Douglas experience as he went down to the bottom of
the pool for the first time ?
Going down to the depth of nine feet was not quick. For him those nine feet
were more like ninety. He was frightened, but not much. On the way down,
he made a plan. He would hit the bottom and make a big jump, come to the
surface, lie flat on it, and paddle to the edge of the pool.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why author said “All we have to fear is fear itself” ?
Douglas went to Lake Wentworth in new Hampshire. Douglas has

experienced both sensation of dying and terror that fear of it can
produce. The strong will, hard determination, courage, toil and honest
effort win over all our terror and fear. He swam across to the other side of
the lake and back. He shouted with joy. All his fear of water was gone. It
was this experience which taught Douglas the lessons that ''all we have to
fear is fear itself''.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
The writer says, ''The instructor was finished, But I was not finished".
Why ?
The instructor was finished but he was not because he still wondered if he
would be terror-stricken when swam alone in the pool. But the writer was
still not satisfied. He feared that when he was alone in the pool, his old fear
would come back to him. So he wanted to try still more in the pool.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How did the Douglas make sure that he had Conquered the old
terror ?
Douglas visited some of the famous water spots. He swam across

all water spots successfully. At Lake Wentworth in new Hampshire,
he swam two miles across the lake. After that he went and
camped by the side of the Warm Lake. The next morning, he dived
into the lake. He swam across to the other shore and back. He
shouted with joy. He had Conquered his fear of water.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What did the writer do when he decide to learn to swim in the
Yakima ? Did he succeed in it ?
The Yakima river flowing through the writer's state was very dangerous. The writer's
mother often warned him of it. She kept reminding him of the various drowning
accidents in it. Douglas chose the Y.M.C.A pool to learn swimming because it was much
safer as compared to the Yakima River. It had a shallow end that was only two or three
feet deep. The writer got a pair of water wings and went to the pool to swim. He looked
at the other boys. He aped them and started paddling with his new water wings. He did
this two or three times on different days. But then one day there was a misadventure.
The writer was hardly saved from drowning to death. He never went to the pool again.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is the 'misadventure’ at the Y.M.C.A pool that William Douglas
speaks about ?
The ''Misadventure'' is an incident that took place at the Y.M.C.A Swimming pool. One
day, Douglas was sitting alone on the side of the pool and no one else was there. The
place was quiet. He was afraid of going into the water alone. So he sat on the side of
the pool to wait for others. A boy with rippling muscles came in. He picked him up and
tossed into the pool. He was frightened, but not much. He at once went to the bottom
of the pool. He could see nothing but water. On the way down he planned: “When my
feet hit the bottom, I would make a big jump, come to the surface, lie flat on it, and
paddle to the edge of the pool”. Everything blanked Out. The curtain of life fell. But
Luckily, before he was dead, he was taken out of the pool and saved.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How did the instructor ‘build a swimmer' out of Douglas ?
The instructor was a very experienced and patient person. He used a novel method to train
the writer in swimming. He put a belt around him. A rope was attached to the belt. It went
through a pulley. That ran on an overhead cable. The instructor held on to the end of the
rope, Douglas swam across the pool. He practiced for many weeks. The tension begin to
grow less. Then the instructor taught him to exhale under water and inhale above water. He
repeated the exercise hundreds of time. Gradually, he lost some of his old fear. Next, the
instructor taught him to kick with his legs. Thus, piece by piece, the instructor built a
swimmer out of the Douglas. And at last he said, “Now you can swim. Dive off and swim the
length of the pool, crawl stroke.”
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
E-BOOK
CH 4 th
The Rattrap

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
From where did the peddler get the idea of the world Being a Rattrap ?
While going his way, He had naturally been thinking of his rattraps when
suddenly he was struck by the idea that the whole i.e., lands and seas, its
cities and villages was nothing but a big rattrap. It offered riches and joys,
shelter and food, heat and clothing in the same manner as rattrap offer
cheese and pork. As soon as someone touches the bait offered in the trap,
he finds himself in rattrap.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why was the crofter so talkative and friendly with the peddler ?
The crofter was so talkative and friendly with the peddler

because he was lonely person in cottage. Due to loneliness his
life was boring. He was an old man who was living there
without wife or child. So He was happy to have someone with
whom he could sit and talk to in his loneliness.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What made the peddler think that he had indeed fallen into a rattrap ?
After stealing the crofter's money, the rattrap peddler did not think it proper
to walk on the public highway. He did not feel safe walking on the road So,
he turned off the road and went into the forest After sometime he realized
he has been walking around in the same part of the forest. It was a bait that
had trapped him. And now he was finding no way to get out of his trap.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How did the peddler rob the poor crofter ?
The peddler stole his money because he was a thief and he

believed that one should stole from others. The peddler knew
where the crofter had kept his thirty kronor. As soon as the crofter
left his cottage, the peddler came back. He smashed a windowpane
and He took the money and then he hung the leather pouch very
carefully back in its place and went away.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did the ironmaster speak kindly to the peddler and invite
him home ?
The ironmaster of the Ramsjo ironworks spoke kindly to the peddler because
he had mistaken him for an old regimental comrade, Captain von Stahle.
The ironmaster wanted to help the peddler. Moreover, the ironmaster was a
lonely fellow who lived with his oldest daughter after the death of his wife
and the departure of his sons. As he longed for some company on the
Christmas Eve, he invited the peddler to his home.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did the peddler decline the invitation ?
As ironmaster mistook peddler as an old regimental comrade and

invited him home. The peddler declined the invitation because firstly he
was afraid that he had not confessed that he is not a regimental
comrade and secondly he was carrying money he had stolen from the
crofter. He thought it would be like throwing himself voluntarily into the
lion’s den.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What doubts did Edla have about the peddler ?
She looked at him compassionately, she noticed that the man was
afraid. ‘‘Either he has stolen something or else he has escaped from,
jail’’. His appearance and behavior also left her in doubts whether he
was actually an educated man, as claimed by her father.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
When did the ironmaster realize his mistake ?
The ironmaster realized his mistake the next day when the peddler turned
up at breakfast. He had been washed, is hair was cut, and he had been
shaved. He was also so well-dressed. The ironmaster realised that he had
been deceived in recognizing the person because of the uncertain reflection
of the furnace, the previous night.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why was Edla happy to see the gift left by the peddler ?
When Edla opened the package of the gift left by the peddler she felt very
happy. She found a small rattrap with three wrinkled ten kronor notes
and a letter addressed to her. He had left the thirty kroner for its rightful
owner. He was not a thief but his situations made him do so. She was
happy to see that he had changed himself and realized his mistake.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did Edla still entertain the peddler even after she knew
the truth about him ?
Edla had a kind and sympathetic heart that was still having mercy for that
poor peddler. She requested her father to allow him to spend one day with
them. Her principles did not allow her to throw this man out of her house
on the Christmas Eve especially when they had already promised him a
“Christmas cheer.” Therefore, even after knowing the truth, Edla wanted to
entertain the peddler.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Edla proved to be much more persuasive then her father while
dealing with the peddler. Comment.
The ironmaster misunderstood the peddler for an old acquaintance, where as his
daughter could make out that the man was afraid, which was suggestive of him having
stolen something. Edla was more persuasive than the ironmaster because of her gentle
compassionate behavior towards the Peddler and the kind manner in which she spoke.
This convinced the Peddle to change his mind and accept her invitation to spend one
evening with them. Although she had her misgivings about the Peddler, she was happy to
help a poor homeless man who had earlier been chased away by all. She wanted him to
spend a day in peace and participate on the occasion of Christmas.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
But the father acts casually and invites him without confirming the
stranger’s identity. On realizing his mistake he wants peddler to get out the
home Edla, on the other hand, shows a strong sense of observation. She
rightly judges him to be a tramp without any education. She persuades her
father to let him stay because they had promised him Christmas cheer.

E-BOOK
CH5TH
INDIGO
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why is Rajkumar Shukla described as being 'resolute’ ?
Rajkumar Shukla wanted Gandhiji to accompany him to his district named

Champaran. Gandhiji was busy at that time and also had committed to go to
other parts of India. Shukla accompanied him everywhere. For weeks he never
left Gandhi’s side. He even begged to Gandhiji to “Fix a date”. Still he had to
wait for months. It shows how resolute Shukla was.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why do you think the servants thought Gandhiji to be

another peasant ?
Shukla took Gandhi to the house of Rajendra Prasad who was out of town,
but the servants knew Shukla as a poor peasant who pestered their master
to help the indigo sharecroppers. So, seeing Gandhi with him they
presumed that he was another peasant.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
List the places Gandhiji visited between his first meeting with
Shukla and his arrival at Champaran.
Gandhi had his first meeting with Shukla in the annual convention of the
Indian National Congress, at Lucknow.
Following this, Gandhi visited Cawnpore, other parts of India, his ashram
near Ahmedabad and Calcutta before his arrival at Champaran.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why do you think Gandhiji considered the Champaran episode to be a
turning point in in his life ?
Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning-point in his life,

because it was the first satyagraha movement in India and it had given back
courage and self-support back to the Champaran peasants. He was ordered
to leave Champaran but Gandhiji refused. At last, the government had to
relent.
It was the first victory of Gandhiji against the Britishers

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did Rajkumar Shukla go to meet Gandhiji ?
Rajkumar Shukla decided to meet Gandhiji because someone told him

to share his problems with Gandhiji.
He was a poor peasant from Champaran. He went to meet Gandhiji at
annual convention of the Indian National Congress, at Lucknow, so that
he could convince him to visit Champaran and help the peasants.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What happened when Rajkumar took Gandhiji to the house of

Rajendra Prasad in Patna ?
Or
How were Shukla and Gandhiji received in Rajendra's Prasad house ?
At that time, Rajendra Prasad was out of town. However, the servant
allowed them to stay on the grounds of the house. The servants mistook
Gandhiji for an untouchable. They did not permit him to draw water from
the well.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did Gandhiji decide to go to Muzaffarpur. Where

did he stay there ?
Muzzafarpur was enroute to Champaran so Gandhiji decided to go first to

Muzzafarpur to obtain more complete information about conditions than
Shukla was capable of imparting. He stayed there for two days in the home
of Professor Malkani, a teacher in a government school.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What did the British planters try to do when they came to know
that synthetic Indigo had been developed by Germany ?
When Germany developed synthetic indigo, The British planters saw that it
was no longer profitable to produce natural Indigo. The synthetic one was
much cheaper. So they tried to force the peasant to give them
compensation for not having to plant Indigo on their land. The peasants
were made to sign new agreement and pay money

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What happened when the British planters ask the peasant for
compensation for releasing them for the 15 percent agreement ?
The sharecropping agreement was irksome to the peasant. Therefore, many

of them signed willingly. But others engaged lawyers to fight their cases. The
landlords hired thugs.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How was Gandhiji able to influence the lawyers ?
Gandhiji influenced the lawyers by his example of selfless service. He was

prepared to go to jail for the sake of the poor peasants who were quite
strangers to him. This prompted them to stay in Champaran and volunteer
to follow him into jail, if there should be arrests.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How did Gandhi ji help the peasant of Champaran ?
Gandhiji came to know about the peasants’ difficulty at champaran. The

landlord forced the peasant to plant Indigo on 15 percent of the holding and
all the harvest was to be surrendered to the planters as rent. They were also
forced to sign agreement and pay of all the losses which occurred due to
Germany’ synthetic Indigo. Gandhi held the demonstration against the
government and all officials became helpless and planters offered to refund
to the extent of 25 per cent.
E-BOOK
CH 6 TH POET AND
PANCAKES
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does the writer mean by 'the fiery misery' of those

subjects to make up
The heat produced by the lights in the make-up room brought

about a lot of discomfort to the actors in makeup room. Hence
the writer refers to the pain and the trouble as 'fiery misery'

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What work did the ‘office boy’ do in the Gemini studio ?
Why did he join the studios?
Why was he disappointed ?
The ‘office boy’ was responsible for the make-up of the people who
formed part of crowd in the films. He used to mix his paint in a giant
vessel and slapped the paint on the faces of the players.
He had joined the Gemini Studios years ago, aspiring to become an
actor, or a scriptwriter, or a director, or a lyricist. He was disappointed
with the studio that failed to recognize his talent. He called it a
“department fit only for barbers and perverts”.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did the author to be doing nothing at the studios?
The job of the author was to cut newspaper clippings and file
them. For the other employees, all he seemed to be doing is
tearing newspapers, which according to them did not qualify
as work.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why was the office boy frustrated?

Who did he show his anger on ?
The office boy had joined the studio years ago in the hope of
becoming an actor or a screenwriter, or a director, or a lyricist but
that he ended up becoming none of these left him frustrated.
According to him, “great literary talent was being allowed to go
waste in a department fit only for barbers and perverts”. He used to
direct his anger at the author even though it was meant for
Kothamangalam Subbu.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Subbu who is described as a many-sided genius. List four of

his special abilities.
1) Subbu had the ability to look cheerful at all times.
2) He was an excellent actor who could portray his

roles in several ways.
3) He was an accomplished poet
4) and loved anyone he met.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why was the legal adviser referred to as the opposite by
others.
The lawyer was in the story department. He was officially known

as the legal adviser. He had unwittingly brought to an end the
career of a promising young actress. Hence he was referred to
as the opposite by others.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is the example of national integration that the authors
refers to ?
Talking of the make-up artists in the Gemini Studios, the writer says that
the make-up department was first headed by a Bengali who was
succeeded by a Maharashtrian who was assisted by a Dharwar
Kannadiga, an Andhra, a Madras Indian Christian, an Anglo-Burmese
and the usual local Tamils. Thus, it housed people from different
geographical areas as well as of different faiths. They worked together.
This shows that there was a great deal of national integration there.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why was the Moral Re-Armament army welcomed at the

studios?
The moral Re- Armament army was welcomed at the studios

because of political association. The Moral Rearmament Army
was a kind of counter movement to international
communism. The Big Bosses of Madras like Mr. Vasan simply
played into their hands. So the Moral Rearmament Army was
welcomed at the Gemini Studios

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why is the Englishman's visit referred to as unexplained
mystery ?
The Englishman's visit to the Gemini Studios is referred to as

an unexplained mystery because no one knew what he was
talking about and his accent defeated any attempt to
understand what he was saying. The poet looked Pretty baffled
too. It was because he too must have felt the sheer incongruity
of his talk about the thrills and travails of an English poet.

E-BOOK
CH7 THTHE
INTERVIEW
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why do most celebrity writers despise being interviewed ?
Most celebrity writers despise being interviewed because they consider it

as unduly interfere in their personal lives. They feel that it somehow
diminishes them. V. S. Naipaul ‘feels that some people are wounded by
interviews and lose a part of themselves.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why do you understand by the expression ''thumbprints on his

windpipe'' ?
Windpipe is the tube in the throat that carries air to lungs. When
throat strangle, we feel suffocated. Saul Bellow, described
interviews as ''thumbprints on his windpipe‘’ it creates much
tension and pressure on him. He feels as if someone had put his
thumb prints on his windpipe.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Do you think Umberto eco likes being interviewed? Give reason for
your opinion
I think Umberto Eco likes being interviewed. The reasons are-
1) He feels comfortable at the time of being interviewed
2) He doesn't behave in a harsh way.
3) He doesn't show any short of haste
4) He endeavors to each and every question in totality.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is the belief in some primitive cultures about being
photographed ?
Some primitive cultures believed that photographing a person is no less

than stealing their soul out of the body and rendering them incomplete
and slighted

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What are some of the positive views on interviews ?
An interview is an very popular journalistic manner. Several thousand

celebrities have been interviewed over the years and some claim that it is
in its highest form, a source of truth, and, in its practice, an art. We get
most of our information through interviews. Hence, the interviewer, holds
a position of extraordinary power and influence.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is the reason for the huge success of the novel,

the name of the Rose ?
'The name of the Rose' is different short of Novel, it is quite serious Novel, it
is a detective story at one level but it also probes into metaphysics theology
and mediaeval history. The reason for the success of the book, however,
remain a mystery.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
The medium you like best for an interview, print, radio, or television.
The medium I like best for an interview is the television. It has both audio and
visual effect. It presents the interviewer and interviewee before the audience
in their true colors. Usually celebrities accuse the reporters of misquoting
them or mis reporting them in the print media or the radio. This is not
possible when they are face-to- face on the television. There lip movement
and body movement while replying to probing questions are there for all to
see. The recording of various expressions coming on the face of the interview
and his/her gestures and words are the additional advantage the television
holds over the print media or the radio. The print media has dull. Dry words
alongside a picture whereas the radio tries to create the atmosphere by
skillful variation of the sound. Both expect a lot of attention from The
reader/audience.
E-BOOK
CH 8 TH GOING PLACES
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What were the option that Sophie was dreaming of ? Why

does Jansie discourage her from having such dreams ?
Sophie was dreaming to have a boutique. She said it would be most
amazing shop that city had ever seen. See also dreamt to be an
actress or fashion designer. She could at least be a manager with
some big company.
But Jansie had her feet on the ground. She knew Sophie belonged
to a poor family, and all her plans were nothing but imaginary
dreams.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How does Sophie's father react when he learns of Sophie's
meeting with Danny Casey ? Does he believe her story ?
He does not believe in Sophie’s story at all and dismisses it as

another of her wild fantasies. When Geoff tells him about
Sophie’s chance encounter with Danny Casey, He does not
believe in Sophie’s story at all and dismisses it as another of her
‘wild story’. When Geoff tells him about Sophie’s chance
encounter with Danny Casey

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How does sophie include her brother Geoff in her fantasy of

her future ?
She makes up a story of how she had met Casey at the window of a
shop and tells it to her brother. See also tells him that she had
asked him for an autograph, and that how handsome and gentle he
looked. Thus she tries to include hello brother in her fantasy.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What socio-economic background did Sophie belongs to ?
What are the indicators of her family's financial status ?
Sophie belonged to a lower middle-class family. She dreams of

such things that can’t be real. She need lot of money to have a
boutique. But Sophie knows that the family doesn’t have money.
Geoff shows their family condition, he works as an apprentice
mechanic in a garage situated far away from his house. His father
lacks sophistication and also suffering from heavy breathing
problem.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
When she returns home after school, she feels choked with the
steam of the stove and is disgusted with the dirty dishes piled in a
corner. Her mother’s back has become stooped and bent by
handling all the household chores and responsibilities on her
own.
Her family wants Sophie to join work immediately after her
school. These are some of the indicators of Sophie’s family’s
financial status.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Which was the only occasion when Sophie got to see Danny
Casey in person ?
The only occasion when Sophie got to see Danny Casey in person
was when the family went to watch United on Saturday. Sophie,
her father and little Derek went down near the goal. Geoff went
with his mates higher up. United won two-nil and Casey drove in
the second goal, She saw how Danny scored a brilliant goal for
his team. It was the only occasion when she saw him in person.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Sophie's dreams and disappointments are all in her mind.

Discuss.
Sophie e is a young girl. She is yet at school. She belongs to a poor

family. But she forgets the real fact of her life. She is very ambitious from
the very beginning. She has no money, yet thinks of buying a nice
boutique after school. See also plans to become an actress or a fashion
designer. All such dreams are in sophie's mind only. There is no chance
of their ever becoming a reality. So who is the story of her
disappointment in Danny Casey. She takes a chance meeting with him
at the culmination of their romance. She keeps waiting for him even
when she knows that there is no possibility of his coming.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How would you describe the character and temperament of Sophie's
father ?
Or
Describe the character of sophie's father and the role played by him.
Sophie father has plump face still grimy and sweaty. He doesn’t
seems to be a soft or sophisticated person.
He belonged to labour family. He was a big fan of football and
goes to a pub to celebrate the victory. He does not worry much
about his children.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
His manner of eating the pie also shows that he has rough eating
manners. However, he understands well the nature of his daughter. He
knows that she makes up ‘wild stories’ to impress others. When he
came to know about Sophie has met Danny Casey, he looks at her in
this disdain. He ignores her completely and continues watching the
television. But one Sophie insists with her story of Danny, he loses his
temper.
He says, ''This is another of your wild stories ? One of these days, you are
going to talk yourself into a load of trouble‘’.
And we know that the old man's estimate proves quite true in the end.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why did Sophie like her brother Geoff more than any other
person ? From her perspective, what did he symbolize !
Geoff is the only person who listens to Sophie’s fantasies and
long cherished dreams. Her father is too bossy and aggressive.
Her father hates Sophie’s fantastic stories. Even little Derek
makes fun of her growing rich. Her classmate Jansie is nosey and
can’t be trusted to keep all the secrets of Sophie to himself. From
her perspective, Geoff symbolizes an elder brother who has
grown up and visited places unknown to her.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
She wished that someday her brother might take her to those
places. He is sympathetic and cautions her by telling her that
Casey might have strings of girls. He warns her that he would
never show up again. He speaks softly so as not to break the
heart of the young dreamer.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What idea do you form of sophie's friend,
In the Jansie’s story ?
Jansie and Sophie are classmate. They are fast friend. They go to
school together. In a short while, they are about to leave school.
Both of them have been earn marked for the biscuit factory. Jansie
is a practical girl. She has no false dreams. She is quite wise and
sensible. She tries to make Sophie give up her false ambitions.
Sophie wants to buy a boutique. At this, Jansie says that it will
take her long to save that much money.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Sophie says she will become a manager to begin with. But Jansie
knows that no one will take her as a manager straight off. Thus we
see that there is a difference of poles between the two friends.
Jansie knows that Sophie's story about Danny Casey is also one of
her dreams. When Sophie says that she has met Danny, Jansie says
bluntly, ''you never did''. But she is a true friend. She starts
believing when Sophie insists with her story. She says that it is
meant to be a secret. Then like a true friend, Jansie says, ''You can
trust me, soaf, you know that''.
POEM
E-BOOK
E-BOOK
POEM
1 ST MY MOTHER AT
SIXTY-SIX
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is the kind of pain and ache that the poet feels ?
The poet sees that her mother has grown very pale and week.
She looks as pale as death. She realises that her mother is not
going to live long. This thought gives her much pain and ache.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why has the poet's mother bean compared to the ''late

winter moon''
The poet uses the simile of ‘late winter’s moon’ for her mother to
indicate her approaching death.
Winter, being the last season of the year, is synonymous with
lifelessness and dormancy. And, a winter’s moon is also pale-
white in colour bearing close resemblance with her mother who,
having lost all her strength and beauty, looks ’wan’ and ‘pale’ to
the poet. Her mother, too, is in the last phase of her life.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How does the poet feel when she looks at her mother
during her drive to the airport ?
The poet's mother is sixty-six years old. Poet saw dozing with
her mouth open. This is a sign of old age. A painful thought
comes to the poet's mind Usually old people keep their mouth
open to overcome breathing problems. Her face looked pale and
faded like ash. Actually, she is an image of death as her ‘ashen’
face looks like that of a corpse. But soon she drives this thought
away.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What painful thought comes to the poet's mind and how

does she drive it away ?
The lifeless and faded face of the poet's mother pains her heart.
She looks lifeless like a corpse. The old lady seems to be lost in
her thoughts. The poet needs a distraction, a change. She puts
that thought away and looks outside. There she gets a picture of
life, happiness and activity.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What do the poet's parting words to her mother signify ?
The poet's parting words of assurance and her smiles provide a

sharp contrast to the old familiar ache or fear of the childhood.
Her words and smiles are a deliberate attempt to hide her real
feelings. The parting words: “See you soon, Amma” give an
affirmation to the old lady whose ‘ashen face’ looks like a corpse.
Similarly, her continuous smiles are to shake the ache and fear
inside her heart.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why are the young trees described as 'sprinting' ?
The poet is driving to the Cochin airport. When she looks outside,
the young trees seems coming towards her. With the speed of the
car they seem to be running fast. but, it is only the car that is
running, not the trees.
What was the poet's childhood fear ?

The child is always in the fear of that her mother would leave her
one day. It is a fear of insecurity that every child feels when it's
mother is not around.
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Where was the poet going ? Who was sitting beside her?
What does she say about the one going with her ?
The poet was going to the Cochin airport. Her mother was sitting
beside her. The poet turned to look at her mother.
She found her mother dozing. Her mouth was open and she looked
as pale as death.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What were the poet's feeling at the airport ?
How did she hide them ?
The poet’s mother has an ‘ashen’ face resembling a corpse and

gave her ache. It was likes she used to feel in her childhood when
some fear overpowered her.
But she hid her feeling by saying, ''see you soon, Amma'' the only
thing the poet did was smile and smile and smile.

E-BOOK
POEM
2 AN
ND
ELEMENTARY
SCHOOL
CLASSROOM IN
A SLUM
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How does the poet describe the faces of the children

in the classroom ?
The poet says that the faces of the children don't show any signs of
strength or vitality. They look very pale, depressed and dejected. There
broken and untidy hair cover their faces. They are rootless like weed. They
are physically week

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is there on the walls of the classrooms ?
On the walls, there are some donated objects. The wall is

decorated with the picture of Shakespeare, cloudless dawn,
of a cathedral dome and a beautiful Valley. There is also a
map of the world.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does the poet want the governor, the inspector and
the visitor to do ?
The poet wants Governor, inspector and visitor who are important and
powerful persons to help the poor children. He wants the children to be
taken out of the slums in which they are living. He wants them to be taken
where they can not only study from their books, but also play and run
about among the trees.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does the poet wish for the children of the slums ?
The poet wants the children to be taken out of the slums in which they are
living. He wants them to be taken there they can not only study from their
books, but also play and run about among the trees. He wants their poverty
to end. He wishes them to live in healthier, hygienic and beautiful
environment. He wants their future to be bright and full of hope.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What message does Stephen spender want to convey in his

poem ‘An elementary school classroom in slum’ ?
The poet wants to convey the idea that children must be taken out of the
slums where they are spending their lives. Their living conditions should
be improved. Only then can their education be meaningful. Literary
education should go side by side material and physical development.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why does the poet say: 'Shakespeare is wicked' ?
The poet does not really mean to say that ‘Shakespeare is

wicked’. He only means to say that a picture of Shakespeare's
head is off no use here in slum. It can be called wicked in the
sense that it will tempt the children to steal it away.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How does the world depicted on the classroom walls differ from
the world of the slum children ?
The wall is decorated with the picture of Shakespeare. There is also a map
of the world which shows all the seas and lands of the world. But the world
of the Slum children is very different from this world. There world is limited
to only what they can see from the window of their classrooms. They can
see from there only a narrow Street under a dull sky.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does the poet say about the 'open-handed map' ?
The map has been called 'open-handed' because it shows all

the seas and lands we have in the world. For the children, these
maps serve as windows to the outside world within which their future is
uncertain. For them, their world, their future, lay outside the windows
of the classroom – the slum.

E-BOOK
POEM
3 RD KEEPING
QUIET
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What will counting up to twelve and keeping still help us to achieve ?
When we count up to twelve and keep still, it will help us achieve a sense of
togetherness. We will not be busy in the everyday activities of life. He
compares this state of being to the earth that seems quiet and yet nurtures
so much life on it. The poet wants to begin his mission of giving our lives a
thought. He wants each one of us to begin this exercise at our own level.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Do you think the poet advocates total inactivity and death ?
No, the poet does not advocate total inactivity and death. Whatever he says
is connected with life and activities that it can be made better. He only say
that we should stop your activities for a few moments and have quite
introspection. He wants a perceptive silence in which people are not
obsessed with apparent progress

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is ‘an exotic moment’ the poet Pablo Neruda wishes for ?
Or
Which is the exotic moment that the poet refers to In 'keeping quiet'
The poet refers to the moment of stillness and quietness as an exotic

moment. He calls it exotic because it will give us a very unusual feeling. We
shall feel ourselves as one with all others. We will come out of all our greed,
selfishness and cruelty.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does the poet wants all of us to do in the

poem ‘keeping quiet’ ?
The poet wants us to stop all our activities for a few moments-only
for as long as it will take to count to twelve. We should keep still
and not move even our arms. We must remain silent and not say
anything while we are sitting still.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What are the different kinds of wars mentioned in the poem ?

What is the Neruda's attitude towards these wars ?
The wars mentioned in the poem a 'green wars' i.e. fresh and new wars. The
poet Neruda says that there are some people who enjoy wars. They want to
win victories even if nobody left after the victory. The poet says that if the
people take out some time for quite introspection, they will stop making new
wars. They will then look upon all others as brothers instead of enemies.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is the 'sadness, that the poet refers to in the poem ?
It is the sadness of never understanding is essence of lives, which is to

maintain peace and brotherhood. Those who remain all the time busy in
worldly activities can never understand themselves. We can understand
ourselves only if we stop all our activities for a few moments and do some
quite introspection.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
According to Pablo Neruda, What is the human being can

learn from nature ?
Nature teaches us valuable lessons. We can learn from nature how to be

peaceful with ourselves and how to grow at our own pace. We can also learn
to remain satisfied with whatever we have.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What symbol from nature does the poet invoke to say that
there can be life under apparent stillness ?
The poet uses the symbol of the Earth. He says that in winter, the earth
seems to be dead. But later in spring, it is proved that it is alive, not dead. It
has new colours and beauties. Thus the poet proves that there can be life
under apparent stillness.

E-BOOK
POEM
4 TH A
THING OF
BEAUTY
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
List the things of beauty mentioned in the poem.
The list includes the Moon and the Sun. There are young and
old trees that give pleasant shade for the gentle sheep. There
are beautiful Daffodils flowers, clear rills and musk roses
growing in the forest brake. Streams of water. Tales of heroic
men who sacrifices their lives.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Mention any two things that cause suffering and pain.
There is a terrible dearth of truly noble souls . There is an

air or general depression among human beings. Many
evil and mysterious things happen daily. It is hard to
understand why they happen. Men pass their days in
gloom.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
According to Keats. What removes the Pall of

despondence over our dark spirits ?
How is it remove ?
It is beauty that removes the pall of despondence over our dark
spirits. Man's life is all gloomy. There is depression and
dejection all around the world. But in spite all of this, man
continues living on this earth. It is so because there are some
beautiful things also in the world. And it is the beauty of these
things that takes Away the gloom from our sad hearts.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What makes human beings love life in spite of
troubles and sufferings ?
Human beings suffer from hopelessness and sadness. Our style of
living often makes us hopeless and grim. We at times also, suffer
due to the self-centered and wicked nature of others. In spite of all
our troubles and sufferings, we are able to derive pleasure from
our surroundings. The beautiful objects from nature help us shed
our gloom, give us a glimmer of hope, and make us love life
amidst all troubles.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How can you say that a thing of beauty is a joy for ever ?
It is a constant source of happiness and pleasure. Its loveliness

increases every moment. It will never pass into nothingness. It
says in our imagination for ever. Our imagination adds new
colours to it. Its loveliness increase every time we think of it.
Thus it becomes a joy for ever.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does a thing of beauty do for us ?

OR
How does a thing of beauty provide us shelter and comfort ?
A thing of beauty is a joy for ever. It makes us forget the
sorrows and suffering of the world. It gives us peace of the
mind and health of the body. It makes our painful stay on this
earth bearable. We enjoy a sound sleep which is full of sweat
dreams and peaceful breathing. So a thing of beauty provides
us shelter and comfort.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why does the poet mean by: 'An endless fountain of

immortal drink/ Pouring unto us from heaven's brink' ?
The poet say that God has given us so many things of

beauty. They are a joy for ever. The poet compares them to
an endless fountain of immortal drink. It is as if this
fountain were pouring unto us from heaven's brink'

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What does Keats considered an endless fountain of

immortal drink and why does he call it's drink immortal ?
Keats's considers beautiful things an endless fountain of

immortal drink. He calls it's immortal because things of
beauty give us as much joy as angels derive from the
immortal drink of heaven.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Which object of nature does Keats's mention as sources

of joy in his poem, A thing of Beauty’ ?
The objects of nature which Keats's describe as sources

of joy are-the sun and the moon, the young and old
trees, Daffodils, clear rails and musk roses growing in
the forest brake, the Sun and the Moon. Keats also talks
about the lovely tales that we have heard or read

E-BOOK
POEM
5 T H A
ROA D S I D E
S TA N D
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why do the people who run the roadside stand wait for the
Squeal of brakes so eagerly ?
The "squealing of brakes" means that a car has stopped at the

roadside stand. It raises there hopes that the city-folk have
stopped there to buy something for the roadside stand and
some city money will come into their hands.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Explain ‘soothe them out of the wits’ with reference to the

poem The Roadside Stand'
The powerful men approach the country folk with false promises
of providing them with better living condition and a better life.
These innocent and simple rustics repose blind faith in their
false claims and feel soothed and satisfied. They fail to see
through their dishonesty and selfishness.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why does Robert Frost sympathise with the rural poor ?
Robert Frost feels and unbearable agony at the nature of the

rural poor who are ignored and neglected by the rich politicians.
The government and the party in power are indifferent to their
welfare. They fool everyone by making false promises and then
fully exploit them to suit their own selfish interests.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What is the 'Childish longing' of the folk who had put up

the roadside stand ? Why is it 'in vain' ?
By saying 'childish longing' the poet refers to, is the dreams and
wishes of the rural folk who have a child-like longing for a better
life that they dream to live with the help from the city dwellers.
Their longing is in vain because the city folk are not ready to help
them and so their ‘childish longing’ are not likely to be fulfilled.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why didn't the 'polished traffic' stop at the roadside stand ?
The 'polished traffic’ cleverly overlook the roadside stand and

do not stop there as their mind is focused only on there target.
Also, they were critical of the poor decor off the stand,
it's artless interior and paint.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why do people at the roadside stand ask for city money ?
The rural people running the roadside stand are poor and
deprived, unlike the people of the city. They keep asking for city
money so that they too can lead a life of happiness and prosperity.
This much-needed city money can give them the life that had been
promised to them by the ruling party in power.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Why does Frost himself feel about the roadside stand?
The poet is distressed to see the endless wait on the part of the
shed owners for their prospective buyers. He is agonised at the
'childish longing in vain' of the people who have put up the
roadside stand.

E-BOOK
POEM
6 T H AUNT
JENNIFER’ S
TIGER
EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How do ‘Denizens' and 'Chivalric' add to our

understanding of the 'tigers' attitude ?
'Denizens' refer to a person, animal or plant that lives in a particular

place. The term 'chivalric' refers to the bold qualities of bravery,
courtesy, and generosity. Tigers love to live in their natural habitat
which is the forest. They are brave and warlike. They are not afraid of
human beings.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What do you think aunt Jennifer's hands are 'fluttering throw her wool'
in the second stanza ? Why is she finding the needle so hard to full ?
Aunt Jennifer's hands are 'fluttering through her wool' because she is fearful
of her husband. She seems to have grown very old and weak. She can’t move
her hands for the skills she has. She is finding it hard to pull the needle
because her weak hands are trembling.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What lies heavily on Aunt Jennifer's hand ?

How is it associated with her husband ?
The weight that lies heavy on Aunt Jennifer’s hand is the wedding band,
which symbolises the weight of her married life. She is tied to the daily
chores of uncle's home. She has no Liberty or will of her own.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What do you think aunt Jennifer created animals that are so different from her
own character ?
What might the poet be suggesting through this difference ?
Aunt Jennifer is a weak and terrified person who, all through her life, was
suppressed by the constraints of marriage. The animals that she is creating they are
chivalric and do not fear men. They are a symbol of strength, fierceness and beauty.
They represent Aunt Jennifer’s suppressed desire to become bold and fearless, and
free from oppression. The poet wants to emphasize the spirit and desire for
freedom which is innate in all human beings.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Interpret the symbols found in this poem.
The two main symbols used in the poem are the tigers and the screen.
Tigers represent the creative energy of woman. The screen represent the
range on which that creative energy works. Thus tigers are symbols of men
produced by woman. The screen is a symbol of the woman's life on which
men prance about.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
Describe the tigers created by Aunt Jennifer's.
Or
How does the poet define aunt Jennifer's tiger's ?
The poet describes Aunt Jennifer's tigers as 'bright topaz denizens' of the
forest. They have no fear of the men under the tree. They are
prancing across the screen proudly and fearlessly.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What kind of ordeals is aunt Jennifer's surrounded by ?
Aunt Jennifer’s life has been tied up to a man, her husband. She is
surrounded by ordeals that are the common fate of all married women.
They spend all there life in doing household chores from morning till
evening. They produce children and bring them up with loving care. They
have to put up with all the bullying of their husbands.

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
What will happen to aunt Jennifer's tiger when she is dead ?
The tigers are eternal. They will keep on prancing even after her
death. She probably wants to convey that the tigers i.e., men
will still be fearless and the condition of women will not change

EKLAVYA STUDY POINT
How has aunt Jennifer's created her tigers ?

What traits of tigers do her tigers reveal ?
Aunt Jennifer's has created tiger through the art of her embroidery.
The tigers are fearless and move about their green home with pride
and dignity. The tigers do not fear the human hunter with guns but
instead go about like kings of their dwelling.

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ENGLISH Class 12th

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Saheb was a poor ragpicker. His full name was Saheb-e-Alam . It

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“Garbage to them is gold” because it provides them those items

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Mukesh belong to the family of the bangle makers but Mukesh is

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What does the Title `Lost Spring' convey ?

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How does the writer describe Seemapuri, a place on the

Seemapuri is a slum area located on the periphery of Delhi. Most of the

For them, rag picking means survival. Garbage to them is gold. It is

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CH 3RD DEEP WATER

Why was Douglas determined to get over his fear of water ?

Douglas visited many famous water spots but wherever he

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Why author said “All we have to fear is fear itself” ?

Douglas went to Lake Wentworth in new Hampshire. Douglas has

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Douglas visited some of the famous water spots. He swam across

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The crofter was so talkative and friendly with the peddler

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How did the peddler rob the poor crofter ?

The peddler stole his money because he was a thief and he

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As ironmaster mistook peddler as an old regimental comrade and

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Rajkumar Shukla wanted Gandhiji to accompany him to his district named

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Why do you think the servants thought Gandhiji to be

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Gandhi considered the Champaran episode to be a turning-point in his life,

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Why did Rajkumar Shukla go to meet Gandhiji ?

Rajkumar Shukla decided to meet Gandhiji because someone told him