MKDU4107-3

NASKAH TUGAS MATA KULIAH

UNIVERSITAS TERBUKA
SEMESTER: 2021/22.1 (2021.2)

Fakultas : FHISIP/Fakultas Hukum, Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik

Kode/Nama MK : MKDU4107/Bahasa Inggris I
Tugas :3

No. Soal
1. (1) The largest desert in the world, the Sahara attracts many tourists. It covers a land area as big as the
United States. (2) Huge waves of sand called dunes cover most of the Sahara. The Sahara is very hot
during the day, but it cools off at night because sand does not hold heat well.

Sumber: Microsoft ® Encarta ® 2009. © 1993-2008 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

a. What is the direct object of the underlined sentence (1)

b. What is the direct object of the underlined sentence (2)

2. Every relationship teaches you something. Good or bad, but it does. Especially the ones that don’t work
out. One of many such relationships are the ones we share with our exes. Knowingly or unknowingly, (1)
they teach us some hard-hitting lessons in life that we are grateful for. Some past relationships were
beautiful. (2) One of my ex boyfriends wrote me an original piano piece.

Sumber: https://www.idiva.com/relationships-love/relationships/the-crucial-life-lessons-your-ex-teaches-
you/18006288

a. What is the indirect object of the underlined sentence (1)

b. What is the indirect object of the underlined sentence (2)

3. The Right to Die

A difficult problem that is facing society is euthanasia, another word for mercy killing. Thousands of
young people are mortally ill because of incurable disease. They are all kept alive in artificial ways. They
have no chance to recover completely, but most of the legal systems do not allow doctors to end their
lives. However, fatally ill patients should be allowed to die for several reasons.

The first reason is that medical costs are very high. The cost of a hospital room can be as much as a
hundred dollars per day and even more. The costs of medicines and medical tests are also high. The
family of the patient is responsible for these expenses. Consequently, they would be a terrible financial
burden for them for a long time.

The second reason is that the family suffers. The nurses can only give the terminally ill patient minimum
care. The family must spend time to care for the special needs of their loved one. They should talk,
touch, and hold the patient even though he or she may be in a coma. For example, Karen Quinlan’s
parents visited her every day even though she was unable to speak or to see. Also, it is very difficult to
watch a loved one in a coma because his or her condition does not improve.

The third and most important reason is that the patients have no chance of recovery. They can never
lead normal lives and must be kept alive by life-support machines. They may need a machine to breathe
and a feeding tube to take in food. They are more dead than alive and will never get better. For example,
in 1975, Karen Quinlan became unconscious after the she swallowed some drugs and drank alcohol.
She was kept alive by machines. Her parents knew that her body and brain would never be normal.
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Therefore, they asked the court to allow their daughter to die. The judge agreed, and Karen’s breathing
machine was turned off. She was able to breathe on her own, but she died nine years later in June of
1985.

In conclusion, because terminally ill patients have no chance to live normal lives, they should be allowed
to die with dignity. Therefore, the family should have the right to ask to turn off the life-support machines
or to stop further medical treatment.

3. Please answer the following questions based on the text above!

a. Who are kept alive in artificial ways?
b. What are the reasons why patients are allowed to die?
c. How much is probably the cost of a hospital room for 3 (three) days?
d. Who should mostly take care of the terminally ill patient?
e. Why does the text mention Karen Quinlan in Paragraph 3?
f. What is the function of life-support machine?
g. Why was Karen’s breathing machine turned off?

4. Nikola Tesla was an engineer and scientist known for designing the alternating-current (AC) electric
system, which is the predominant electrical system used across the world today. He also created the
"Tesla coil," which is still used in radio technology.

Tesla was born in Smiljan, Croatia, on July 10, 1856. Tesla was one of five children, including
siblings Dane, Angelina, Milka and Marica. Tesla's interest in electrical invention was spurred by his
mother, Djuka Mandic, who invented small household appliances in her spare time while her son was
growing up. Tesla's father, Milutin Tesla, was a Serbian orthodox priest and a writer, and he pushed for
his son to join the priesthood. But Nikola's interests lay squarely in the sciences.

After studying at the Realschule, Karlstadt (later renamed the Johann-Rudolph-Glauber Realschule
Karlstadt) in Germany; the Polytechnic Institute in Graz, Austria; and the University of Prague during the
1870s, Tesla moved to Budapest, where for a time he worked at the Central Telephone Exchange. It
was while in Budapest that the idea for the induction motor first came to Tesla, but after several years of
trying to gain interest in his invention, at age 28 Tesla decided to leave Europe for America.

Throughout his career, Tesla discovered, designed and developed ideas for a number of important
inventions — most of which were officially patented by other inventors — including dynamos (electrical
generators similar to batteries) and the induction motor. He was also a pioneer in the discovery of radar
technology, X-ray technology, remote control and the rotating magnetic field — the basis of most AC
machinery. Tesla is most well-known for his contributions in AC electricity and for the Tesla coil.

4. Please answer the following questions based on the text above!

a. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?
b. What is the main idea of the third paragraph?
c. What is the possible title for the text?

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